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Bakr NM, Balbola GA, Gawad Mohamed NA, Ahmed NA, Sapri AM, Mously EA, Felemban D, Elsayed SA, Hassan S. The effectiveness of Moringa oleifera in the preservation of periodontium after radiation therapy: An experimental animal study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27495. [PMID: 38510057 PMCID: PMC10950587 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Radiation therapy produces reactive oxygen species, which have been linked to various degenerative conditions in periodontal attachment. This study aimed to assess the beneficial effects of aqueous Moringa oleifera leaf extract on the periodontium of albino rats exposed to fractionated gamma radiation. Materials and methods This experimental study involved 24 adult male albino rats divided into three groups: Group M received M. oleifera leaf extract (300 mg/kg) intraperitoneally for 14 days; Group R received 20 Gy fractionated gamma irradiation; and Group MR received the same M. oleifera regimen as Group M and then fractionated gamma irradiation dose as Group R. On the first and seventh days post-radiation, bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament samples were histologically and histomorphometrically examined. Results The periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and cementum showed structural damage in Group R. A relative persistence of normal periodontal tissue structures was seen in Group MR, showing less disruption of the periodontal ligament and greater trabecular bone thickness than Group R. The histomorphometric analysis showed that the mean periodontal ligament width was highest in Group R7 (245.20 μm) and lowest in Group M7 (54.55 μm). In addition, the mean cementum width was highest in Group R1 (88.99 μm) and lowest in Group M1R1 (17.87 μm) and differed significantly between groups. Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, Moringa oleifera leaf aqueous extract showed the potential to reduce the adverse effects of radiation, control inflammation, and support tissue healing in a rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura Mohammed Bakr
- Department of Oral and Dental Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gihan A. Balbola
- Department of Oral and Dental Pathology, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nora Abdel Gawad Mohamed
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Diagnosis and Radiology Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nehad A. Ahmed
- Department of Oral and Dental Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mohammed Sapri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Eihab A. Mously
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences and Periodontology, College of Dentistry, TaibahUniversity, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa Felemban
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadia A. Elsayed
- Department of Oral and Dental Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sandy Hassan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology & Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
- Ahram Canadian University (ACU), Egypt
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Anjali K, Manzoor M, Suryavanshi MV, Rudrapathy P, Rekha PD, Das R, Hameed A, Arun AB. Dysbiosis of the oral microbiota composition is associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma and the impact of radiotherapy: a pilot study. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2023; 370:fnad111. [PMID: 37881017 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnad111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy can potentially influence the diversity and composition of the oral microbiome. We performed a study comparing the composition of oral microbiota in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) before radiotherapy (n = 6), at three months (n = 6), and six months (n = 6) post-radiotherapy, and controls (n = 6). We profiled the oral microbiome by 16S rRNA gene sequencing using Illumina MiSeq. Alpha diversity (Chao1 index) showed significant differences in species richness between healthy controls and OSCC patients (P = 0.014). Conversely, no noteworthy distinctions were observed in the Chao1 index when comparing the pre-and post-radiation periods at both three and six months. The beta diversity of the oral microbiota differed significantly between the controls and OSCC patients (P = 0.014). However, no significant differences were observed in beta diversity between pre- and post-radiation at three months, whereas a significant difference was observed at six months (P = 0.038). Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) demonstrated lower abundance of Corynebacterium, Actinomyces, Veillonella, and Haemophilus, and higher abundance of Selenomonas and Mycoplasma in OSCC patients than in healthy controls. The oral microbiome composition varied among healthy controls, patients with OSCC, and post-radiation therapy patients with OSCC. The observed recovery in the numerical dominance of specific beneficial oral taxa and the reduction in pathogenic bacteria after radiation therapy highlights the need for further investigations into their clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanadan Anjali
- Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575108, Karnataka, India
- Department of Microbiology, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahe 673310, Puducherry, India
| | - Muhammed Manzoor
- Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575108, Karnataka, India
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00100, Finland
| | - Mangesh Vasant Suryavanshi
- Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575108, Karnataka, India
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Department, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Ohio 44195, United States
| | - Parthiban Rudrapathy
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Clinical Laboratory Services and Translational Research, Malabar Cancer Centre, Thalassery 670103, India
| | - Punchappady Devasya Rekha
- Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575108, Karnataka, India
| | - Ranajit Das
- Division of Data Analytics, Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575108, Karnataka, India
| | - Asif Hameed
- Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575108, Karnataka, India
| | - Ananthapadmanabha Bhagwath Arun
- Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575108, Karnataka, India
- Faculty of Science, Yenepoya Institute of Arts, Science, Commerce and Management, Balmatta, Mangalore 575002, Karnataka, India
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Afanasyev DE, Liubarets SF. ODONTOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATION (review). PROBLEMY RADIAT︠S︡IĬNOÏ MEDYT︠S︡YNY TA RADIOBIOLOHIÏ 2020; 25:18-55. [PMID: 33361828 DOI: 10.33145/2304-8336-2020-25-18-55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Odontological effects of ionizing radiation (IR) as a result of radiotherapy, the consequences of accidents at nuclear power plants and industry, individual occupational exposure, etc. deserve significant attention interns of radiation medicine and radiation safety. OBJECTIVE to analyze and summarize clinical and experimental data on the odontological radiation effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS OBJECT the pathological changes in the hard tissues of teeth, pulp, periodontium, mucousmembranes of the mouth and jaws due to exposure to IR. METHOD search in the PubMed / MEDLINE, Google Scholarabstract medical and biological databases, scientific libraries of the relevant sources of scientific information. RESULTS Radiobiological effects of IR due to its direct and indirect action are manifested throughout the period ofodontogenesis and formation of the facial skeleton. Experimental and clinical data (in children and adults) indicatethe increased risk of dental caries, reduction of pain threshold and vascularization of tooth pulp along with its fibrosis and atrophy, periodontal dysfunction, which predispose to a high probability of tooth loss. Abnormalities in theactivity of osteoblasts and cementoblasts of dental periosteum and osteoblasts of alveolar process in combinationwith circulatory disorders due to endothelial cell death, hyalinization, thrombosis and vascular obliteration increasethe risk of jaw osteoradionecrosis. Children who have undergone a prenatal exposure to IR as a result of theChornobyl NPP accident have a premature change of teeth. Deterioration of periodontal tissues and early development of acute and complicated dental caries are typical for children and adults affected by the Chornobyl disaster. CONCLUSIONS Summarized data on the effects of radiation exposure under different conditions on teeth primordia(i.e. immature teeth), their formation and eruption in experimental and clinical settings, as well as on the odontological radiation effects in adults are summarized. Condition of the teeth in the Chornobyl NPP accident survivorsis described. Understanding and taking into account the radiobiological odontological effects is necessary in thelight of planning, preparing, and conducting local radiation therapy and developing the standards of radiation safety and measures to protect professionals and the public in the event of possible radiation accidents at the nuclearpower plants and industry facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Afanasyev
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - S F Liubarets
- O. O. Bogomolets National Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, 13 Tarasa Shevchenka Blvd., Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
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Talevi V, Wen J, Lalla RV, Brennan MT, Mougeot FB, Mougeot JLC. Identification of single nucleotide pleomorphisms associated with periodontal disease in head and neck cancer irradiation patients by exome sequencing. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020; 130:32-42.e4. [PMID: 32451231 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Periodontal disease (PD) is a common oral complication in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) undergoing radiation therapy (RT). Our objective was to identify candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with PD in radiation-treated patients with HNC. STUDY DESIGN DNA was extracted from the saliva of patients with HNC (n = 69) before RT. Clinical attachment loss (CAL) increment greater than 0.2 mm over 24 months after RT was used to define PD progression. After exome sequencing, SNPs associated with post-RT PD progression were identified by using logistic regression and homozygosity analyses. The web tools STRING, the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID), GeneCodis, and Ensembl Variant Effect Predictor were used for functional analysis. RESULTS Of the 48 patients with HNC with post-RT PD progression, 24 had no tooth with 5 mm or greater pocket depth before RT, whereas of the 21 patients with HNC without progression, 11 had PD initially. A total of 330 SNPs (249 genes) with over-represented homozygous genotype (98.5% variant allele) were found to be associated with post-RT PD. Sixty of these corresponded to PD-related pathways, including previously identified genes. In patients with HNC with post-RT PD progression, SNPs were found in genes (n = 10) in contrast to those without progression (n = 7). CONCLUSIONS The SNPs of collagen genes were identified, potentially defining susceptibility to PD in patients with HNC, and this could be further investigated to characterize PD drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Talevi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA; College of Computing and Informatics, Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, UNC-Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Jia Wen
- College of Computing and Informatics, Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, UNC-Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Rajesh V Lalla
- Section of Oral Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Michael T Brennan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Farah B Mougeot
- Department of Oral Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Jean-Luc C Mougeot
- Department of Oral Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA; College of Computing and Informatics, Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, UNC-Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA.
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Mortazavi H, Baharvand M. Review of common conditions associated with periodontal ligament widening. Imaging Sci Dent 2016; 46:229-237. [PMID: 28035300 PMCID: PMC5192020 DOI: 10.5624/isd.2016.46.4.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this article is to review a group of lesions associated with periodontal ligament (PDL) widening. Materials and Methods An electronic search was performed using specialized databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, and Scopus to find relevant studies by using keywords such as “periodontium”, “periodontal ligament”, “periodontal ligament space”, “widened periodontal ligament”, and “periodontal ligament widening”. Results Out of nearly 200 articles, about 60 were broadly relevant to the topic. Ultimately, 47 articles closely related to the topic of interest were reviewed. When the relevant data were compiled, the following 10 entities were identified: occlusal/orthodontic trauma, periodontal disease/periodontitis, pulpo-periapical lesions, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, progressive systemic sclerosis, radiation-induced bone defect, bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis, and osteomyelitis. Conclusion Although PDL widening may be encountered by many dentists during their routine daily procedures, the clinician should consider some serious related conditions as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Mortazavi
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Baharvand
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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