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Batiha GES, Al-Snafi AE, Thuwaini MM, Teibo JO, Shaheen HM, Akomolafe AP, Teibo TKA, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Garbeeb AI, Alexiou A, Papadakis M. Morus alba: a comprehensive phytochemical and pharmacological review. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023:10.1007/s00210-023-02434-4. [PMID: 36877269 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02434-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Morus alba is a fast-growing shrub or medium-sized tree with a straight, cylindrical trunk. Medicinally, whole plants, leaves, fruits, branches, and roots have been employed. Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were used to search for relevant material on the phytochemical components and pharmacologic and mechanism of action of the Morus alba. This was reviewed to assess important updates about Morus alba. The fruits of Morus alba have traditionally been used as an analgesic, anthelmintic, antibacterial, anti-rheumatic, diuretic, hypotensive, hypoglycemia, purgative, restorative, sedative tonic, and blood stimulant. Various plant parts were used as a cooling, sedating, diuretic, tonic, and astringent agent to treat nerve disorders. The plant contained tannins, steroids, phytosterols, sitosterol, glycosides, alkaloids, carbohydrates, proteins, and amino acids, as well as saponins, triterpenes, phenolics, flavonoids, benzofuran derivatives, anthocyanins, anthraquinones, glycosides, vitamins, and minerals. Previous pharmacological research identified antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunological, analgesic, antipyretic, antioxidant, anti-cancer, antidiabetic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, cardiovascular, hypolipidemic, anti-obesity, dermatological, neurological, muscular, and protecting effects. This study looked at Morus alba's traditional uses, chemical components, and pharmacological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, El Beheira, Egypt.
| | - Ali Esmail Al-Snafi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah, Iraq
| | - Mahdi M Thuwaini
- College of Medical and Healthy Techniques, Southern Technique University, Basra, Iraq
| | - John Oluwafemi Teibo
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão, Preto Medical School , University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Hazem M Shaheen
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, El Beheira, Egypt
| | | | - Titilade Kehinde Ayandeyi Teibo
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Public Health Nursing, College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão PretoRibeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacologyand, Therapeutic Medicine, College of Medicine , Almustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Garbeeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacologyand, Therapeutic Medicine, College of Medicine , Almustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia.,AFNP Med, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
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Raheem KY, Ibukunoluwa FP, Olorundare SA, Nandwa JO, Abayomi MA, Uchechukwu EJ, Adewunmi M, Blessing KZ, Anthony MM, Gbadebo MI, Daniel FT. Therapeutic capability of selected medicinal plants' bioactive constituents against the mutant ovarian TP53 gene; a computational approach. ADVANCES IN BIOMARKER SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abst.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
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Schön CM, Craveiro RB, Niederau C, Conrads G, Jahr H, Pufe T, Wolf M. High concentrations of Porphyromonas gingivalis-LPS downregulate Tlr4 and modulate phosphorylation of ERK and AKT in murine cementoblasts. Ann Anat 2023; 246:152023. [PMID: 36400339 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2022.152023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (PG-LPS) is an important virulence factor potentially contributing to periodontal tissue destruction. Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) is a key mediator of NF-kB activation during pathogen recognition. Previous work using Tlr4-specific antibodies demonstrated a partial neutralization of PG-LPS effects on murine cementoblasts, which can affect cell function and regulate gene expression of osteoclastic markers. PG-LPS also potentially influence the inflammation process and the resorption of mineralized tissues. Yet, such inflammatory responses and cell signaling events remain to be characterized at the protein level. We thus investigated the effect of 1 and 10 µg/ml of PG-LPS, respectively, on cell morphology, cell viability, and selected key downstream molecules of the Tlr4 signaling cascade in cementoblasts. High concentrations of PG-LPS (10 µg/ml) significantly reduced cell viability after 48 h. Upon PG-LPS-stimulation, Tlr4 was significantly downregulated. Equally, IκBα, a downstream molecule, was downregulated in terms of phosphorylation and protein production. Furthermore, downstream signaling kinases, like serine/threonine kinase phospho-AKT and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-family, specifically phospho-ERK1/2, were significantly upregulated under high PG-LPS-concentrations. We provide new insights into PG-LPS-triggered intracellular signaling pathways in cementoblasts and thus deliver a basis for further research in PG-mediated periodontal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rogerio B Craveiro
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.
| | - Christian Niederau
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Georg Conrads
- Division of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Holger Jahr
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Pufe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Wolf
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
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Panyatip P, Padumanonda T, Yongram C, Kasikorn T, Sungthong B, Puthongking P. Impact of Tea Processing on Tryptophan, Melatonin, Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents in Mulberry ( Morus alba L.) Leaves: Quantitative Analysis by LC-MS/MS. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27154979. [PMID: 35956928 PMCID: PMC9370701 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves from two cultivars, Yai-Burirum (YB) and Khunphai (KP), were prepared into green tea (GT) and black tea (BT). Compared to fresh leaf (FL) extract, GT and BT extracts were evaluated for their total phenolic and total flavonoid contents. Total phenolic content (TPCs) in all samples ranged between 129.93 and 390.89 mg GAE/g extract. The processing of tea decreased the levels of TPC when compared to FL extracts in both cultivars. The total flavonoid content (TFCs) in all samples was found in the range of 10.15–39.09 mg QE/g extract and TFCs in GT and BT extracts were higher than FL extracts. The change in tryptophan, melatonin, phenolic and flavonoid contents was investigated by liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy (LC-MS). The results exhibited that tryptophan contents in all samples were detected in the range 29.54–673.72 µg/g extract. Both GT and BT extracts increased tryptophan content compared to FL extracts. BT extracts presented the highest amounts of tryptophan among others in both cultivars. Phenolic compounds were found in mulberry leaf extracts, including gallic acid, caffeic acid, gentisic acid, protocatechuic acid and chlorogenic acid. Chlorogenic acid presented the highest amount in all samples. Almost all phenolic acids were increased in the processed tea extracts except chlorogenic acid. Rutin was the only flavonoid that was detected in all extracts in the range 109.48–1009.75 mg/g extract. The change in phenolic and flavonoid compounds during tea processing resulted in the change in antioxidant capacities of the GT and BT extracts. All extracts presented acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) inhibitory activity with IC50 in the range 146.53–165.24 µg/mL. The processing of tea slightly increased the AChE inhibitory effect of GT and BT extracts. In conclusion, processed tea from mulberry leaves could serve as a new alternative functional food for health-concerned consumers because it could be a promising source of tryptophan, phenolics and flavonoids. Moreover, the tea extracts also had antioxidative and anti-AChE activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panyada Panyatip
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhon Nayok 26120, Thailand
- Melatonin Research Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Tanit Padumanonda
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chawalit Yongram
- Division of Cannabis Health Science, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suansunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkhram 75000, Thailand
| | - Tiantip Kasikorn
- Thai Traditional Pharmacy Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Bunleu Sungthong
- Integrative Pharmaceuticals and Innovation of Pharmaceutical Technology Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Ploenthip Puthongking
- Melatonin Research Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-43202378
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Wang XP, Wen B, Zhang XJ, Ma L, Liang XL, Zhang ML. Transcriptome Analysis of Genes Responding to Infection of Leghorn Male Hepatocellular Cells With Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:871038. [PMID: 35774982 PMCID: PMC9237548 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.871038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) is a highly pathogenic virus with a broad host range that causes huge economic losses for the poultry industry worldwide. RNA sequencing has provided valuable and important mechanistic clues regarding FAdV-4–host interactions. However, the pathogenic mechanism and host's responses after FAdV-4 infection remains limited. In this study, we used transcriptome analysis to identify dynamic changes in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at five characteristic stages (12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 h) post infection (hpi) with FAdV-4. A total of 8,242 DEGs were identified based on comparison of five infection stages: 0 and 12, 12 and 24, 24 and 36, 36 and 48, and 48 and 60 hpi. In addition, at these five important time points, we found 37 common upregulated or downregulated DEGs, suggesting a common role for these genes in host response to viral infection. The predicted function of these DEGs using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses revealed that these DEGs were associated with viral invasion, host metabolic pathways and host immunosuppression. Interestingly, genes involved in viral invasion, probably EGR1, SOCS3, and THBS1, were related to FAdV-4 infection. Validation of nine randomly selected DEGs using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR produced results that were highly consistent with those of RNA sequencing. This transcriptomic profiling provides valuable information for investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying host–FAdV-4 interactions. These data support the current molecular knowledge regarding FAdV-4 infection and chicken defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping P. Wang
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Veterinary Biologics Research and Application, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
- *Correspondence: Xueping P. Wang
| | - Bo Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Xiao J. Zhang
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Veterinary Biologics Research and Application, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Veterinary Biologics Research and Application, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Xiu L. Liang
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Veterinary Biologics Research and Application, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Ming L. Zhang
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Veterinary Biologics Research and Application, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
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Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Bacterial Potential of Mulberry Leaf Extract on Oral Microorganisms. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19094984. [PMID: 35564380 PMCID: PMC9099889 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19094984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Mulberry leaves extract (Morus alba extracts; MAE) is known to have therapeutic potentials for numerous human diseases, including diabetes, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. However, there has not been sufficient research proving therapeutic effects on oral disease and its related oral risk factors. Thus, we investigated whether MAE has any anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effects on risk factors causing oral infectious diseases. To examine the anti-inflammatory response and bacterial inhibition of MAE, we measured intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the bacterial growth rate. Our study showed that MAE has anti-inflammatory activities, which inhibit the ROS generation and suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in human monocyte THP-1 cells by stimulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and/or F. nucleatum, which are the virulent factors in periodontal diseases. Furthermore, MAE inhibited the bacterial growth on oral microorganisms (F. nucleatum and S. mutans) infected THP-1 cells. These findings suggested that MAE could be a potential natural source for therapeutic drugs in oral infectious disease.
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Dib K, Ennibi O, Alaoui K, Cherrah Y, Filali-Maltouf A. Antibacterial activity of plant extracts against periodontal pathogens: A systematic review. J Herb Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Chang BY, Koo BS, Kim SY. Pharmacological Activities for Morus alba L., Focusing on the Immunostimulatory Property from the Fruit Aqueous Extract. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081966. [PMID: 34441742 PMCID: PMC8393821 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Depending on the extraction method, numerous compounds that have specific pharmacological effects can be obtained from M. alba L. There is a growing scientific interest in health problems related to aging. Efforts to develop safe immune-enhancing pharmaceuticals are increasing. This review aims to summarize and critically discuss the immunity enhancement effects and pharmaceutical efficacy of M. alba L. extracts. The scientific database search was conducted using Google Scholar, Web of Science, and PubMed until May 2021. Additional articles were identified and obtained from references in the retrieved articles. Ethanol or methanol extraction of various parts of M. alba L. identified a large amount of phenols and flavonoids, which are effective for immunosuppression, antioxidants, and cardiovascular diseases, and are antibacterial, and anticancer. Water extraction of M. alba L. enhanced the innate immune response based on immune cell activation. A polysaccharide and an alkaloid related to increased macrophage activity were isolated from M. alba L. fruit extracts. M. alba L. fruit water extracts primarily induced the production of pro-inflammatory substances, in model organisms, via TLR4 in immune cells. Water extracts have been shown to be effective in pathogen defense and tumor suppression by enhancing macrophage activity. Based on our literature review on the bioactivity of M. alba L. fruit extracts, particularly in relation to their immunity enhancement activity, we anticipate that M. alba-derived pharmaceuticals will have excellent potential in future medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yoon Chang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk, Iksan 54538, Korea;
| | - Bong-Seong Koo
- ForBioKorea Co., Ltd., Geumcheon-gu, Seoul 08592, Korea;
| | - Sung-Yeon Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk, Iksan 54538, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-850-6806
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Vora J, Athar M, Sinha S, Jha PC, Shrivastava N. Binding Insight of Anti-HIV Phytocompounds with Prime Targets of HIV: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Analysis. Curr HIV Res 2021; 18:132-141. [PMID: 31995010 DOI: 10.2174/1570162x18666200129112509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite intense efforts, AIDS is difficult to tackle by current anti-retroviral therapy (ART) due to its side effects; therefore, there is an urgent need to discover potential, multitarget and low-cost anti-HIV compounds. OBJECTIVE We have shown that few phytocompounds can potentially inhibit the prime targets of HIV namely GP120 envelope protein, reverse transcriptase, protease, integrase and ribonulcease. In this study, top ranked prioritized compounds were subjected to Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation in order to study the conformational dynamics and integrity of crucial interaction in the receptor sites. METHODS The system was built for selected protein-ligand complex using TIP3P water model and OPLS_2005 force field. Trajectories were recorded up to 20 ns simulation time in Desmond module of Schrödinger software. RESULTS As a result of a comprehensive analysis of molecular properties and dynamics of the complexes, it has been concluded that Chebulic acid, Curcumin and Mulberroside C could be developed as envelope glycoprotein GP120 inhibitor, reverse transcriptase inhibitor and protease inhibitor respectively. However, the fluctuation of Chebulic acid with respect to integrase and ribonuclease protein was higher during the simulation. CONCLUSION These findings can aid in the designing of the structural properties for more effective anti-HIV compounds against the given targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaykant Vora
- B.V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development (PERD) Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.,Department of Life Science, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat; India
| | - Mohd Athar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Sonam Sinha
- B.V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development (PERD) Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.,Department of Life Science, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat; India
| | - Prakash C Jha
- Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Neeta Shrivastava
- B.V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development (PERD) Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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IL-1 Receptor Antagonist Protects the Osteogenesis Capability of Gingival-Derived Stem/Progenitor Cells under Inflammatory Microenvironment Induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharides. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:6638575. [PMID: 33531908 PMCID: PMC7834827 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6638575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been considered to be a future treatment option for periodontitis due to their excellent regenerative capability. However, it is still a challenge to protect MSCs' biological properties from multiple bacterial toxins in local inflammatory environment. The present study is aimed at investigating the treatment effect of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) on cell proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) under an inflammatory microenvironment induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharides (P. gingivalis-LPS). GMSCs derived from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats' free gingival tissues were treated with P. gingivalis-LPS (10 μg/mL) to create in vitro inflammatory environment. Different concentrations of IL-1ra (0.01-1 μg/mL) were used to antagonize the negative effect of LPS. Cell behaviors including proliferation, cloning formation unit (CFU), cell migration, osteogenic differentiation, mineral deposition, and cytokine production were assessed to investigate the protection effect of IL-1ra on GMSCs under inflammation. The toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway activated by LPS was evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot. In response to P. gingivalis-LPS treatment, cell numbers, cloning formation rate, cell migration rate, proinflammatory cytokine production, and osteogenic differentiation-associated protein/mRNA expressions as well as mineralized nodules were suppressed in a time-dependent manner. These negative effects were effectively attenuated by IL-1ra administration in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In addition, mRNA expressions of TLR4 and IkBα decreased dramatically when IL-1ra was added into LPS-induced medium. IL-1ra also reversed the LPS-induced TLR4/NF-κB activation as indicated by western blot. The present study revealed that IL-1ra decreased inflammatory cytokine production in a supernatant, so as to protect GMSCs' osteogenesis capacity and other biological properties under P. gingivalis-LPS-induced inflammatory environment. This might be explained by IL-1ra downregulating TLR4-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway activation.
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Mekvimol T, Poonthong G, Chaipunna C, Pumipuntu N. Antimicrobial activity of marigold (Tagetes erecta), mulberry (Morus indica), and red shallot (Allium ascalonicum) extracts against Streptococcus agalactiae. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONE HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.14202/ijoh.2020.56-60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: The increasing antimicrobial resistance with reduced susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs is becoming a major concern for both human and animal, which raises health morbidity and mortality rate of cases that cannot be treated by antibiotics. Nowadays, there are many efforts to minimize the misuse of antibiotics. This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of the crude ethanolic extracts of three Thai herbs divided in four groups; petals of marigold (Tagetes erecta), mulberry leaves and root barks (Morus indica), and whole onions of red shallot (Allium ascalonicum) against Streptococcus agalactiae.
Materials and Methods: The antimicrobial activity of four groups of the crude extracts using absolute ethanol from three Thai herbs was tested against standard strains of S. agalactiae using the agar well diffusion method. The commercial antibiotics ceftriaxone and erythromycin were used as positive control standards to determine the sensitivity of S. agalactiae.
Results: The result showed that all four groups of Thai herbal extract had inhibitory activity against standard strains of S. agalactiae. The inhibitory concentration test values were obtained using the dilution test at 25, 50, and 75 mg/ml. The maximum antimicrobial activity against S. agalactiae was observed in the ethanolic extracts from red shallot extract, followed by leaves of mulberry, petals of marigold, and root barks of mulberry, respectively.
Conclusion: The results demonstrated that the crude extract of three Thai herbs had antimicrobial activity inhibiting the growth of S. agalactiae and suggesting that they may be useful in the treatment of S. agalactiae infections in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanawadee Mekvimol
- One Health Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand
| | - Gannika Poonthong
- One Health Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand
| | - Chayanit Chaipunna
- One Health Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand
| | - Natapol Pumipuntu
- One Health Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand; Office of Academic Affairs, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand
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Anti-inflammatory and in vitro bone formation effects of Garcinia mangostana L. and propolis extracts. Food Sci Biotechnol 2019; 29:539-548. [PMID: 32296565 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-019-00697-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory and in vitro bone formation effects of Garcinia mangostana L. (mangosteen) and propolis extracts. Immortalized human gingival fibroblasts (hTERT-hNOF) cells were treated with Porphyromonas gingivalis KCOM 2804 lipopolysaccharide followed by treatment with mangosteen and propolis extract alone or in combination. Expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Effect of mangosteen and/or propolis extracts on mineralization of MG-63 cells was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase activity and alizarin red S staining. Group mangosteen extract complex 1:34 (1 µg/ml mangosteen extract and 34 µg/ml propolis extract) significantly reduced expression levels of IL-6, IL-8, and PGE2. It had higher than other groups in vitro bone formation effect on MG63 cells. These results suggest that mangosteen and propolis extract complex could be used in the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease.
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Yiemwattana I, Kaomongkolgit R, Wirojchanasak S, Chaisomboon N. Morus alba Stem Extract Suppresses Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP)-1, MMP-9, and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 Expression via Inhibition of IκBα Degradation Induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS Signal in THP-1 Cells. Eur J Dent 2019; 13:229-234. [PMID: 31569263 PMCID: PMC6777175 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1694314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to evaluate the inhibitory effects of M. alba stem extract (MSE) on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-1, MMP-9, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 in Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated-acute monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1). MATERIALS AND METHODS THP-1 cells were treated with noncytotoxic concentrations of MSE combined with 1 µg/mL of P. gingivalis LPS. The mRNA levels of MMP-1, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 were evaluated via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The secreted proteins in the culture media were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The degradation of inhibitor of kappa B-alpha (IκBα) protein was tracked by Western blotting. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Comparisons in experiments were analyzed with analysis of variance followed by Tukey honestly significant difference comparison test. RESULTS Twenty and 40 µg/mL of MSE significantly downregulated MMP-1 and MMP-9 genes and protein expression but upregulated the gene expression of TIMP-1 (p < 0.05). P. gingivalis LPS induced degradation of IκBα, while addition of MSE (20 and 40 µg/mL) increased IκBα cytosolic levels. MSE was able to suppress the P. gingivalis LPS-induced MMPs expression and also increased the gene expression of TIMP-1 via the inhibition of the cytoplasmic IκBα degradation in THP-1 cells. CONCLUSIONS The present observations suggest that MSE exerted a positive effect on the regulatory mechanism between MMPs and TIMP, which is an important implication for the therapeutic potential of MSE in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichaya Yiemwattana
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | | | - Sodsi Wirojchanasak
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Niratcha Chaisomboon
- Research Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
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