1
|
Movahedi M, Zarei O, Hazhirkamal M, Karami P, Shokoohizadeh L, Taheri M. Molecular typing of Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infection by ERIC-PCR. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
2
|
Savas S, Çetinkaya S. Molecular Typing of Different Salmonella Serotypes by Multiple-Locus Analysis of Tandem Repeats. J Oleo Sci 2020; 69:1585-1589. [PMID: 33177287 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica causes salmonellosis in humans and animals and is an important cause of food infections worldwide. In recent years, the multiple-locus variable-number of tandem repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA), a fast molecular typing method with strong epidemiological discrimination, has facilitated the effective control of diverse infections. This study aimed at the typing of 28 human origined Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella infantis, and Salmonella typhimurium strains by using a single MLVA protocol. Previously these strains have been identified by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) method and it has been shown that each strain produced a distinct PFGE banding profile. One MLVA protocol was tested on 3 serotypes simultaneously and it produced three banding patterns specific to each of the three common Salmonella serotypes. MLVA also constitute a relatively more cost-effective and faster method than PFGE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumeyra Savas
- National Research Institute of Electronics and Cryptology, The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)
| | - Serap Çetinkaya
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Sivas Cumhuriyet University
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
RANJBAR R, SAFARPOOR DEHKORDI F, HEIAT M. The Frequency of Resistance Genes in Salmonella enteritidis Strains Isolated from Cattle. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 49:968-974. [PMID: 32953685 PMCID: PMC7475613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salmonella enteritidis causes infections in humans and animals. Antibiotics are used to eliminate bacterial infections, which become resistant to antibiotics after a while. This study aimed to isolate S. enteritidis from cattle feces samples and also to evaluate the frequency of genes associated with multi-drug resistance (MDR). METHODS One hundred ten fecal samples of cattle were collected from Jul to Dec, 2017 in Khuzestan Province, southern Iran. Bacterial culture and molecular methods were used to isolate and identify S. enteritidis. Disk diffusion method was used to assess antibiotic susceptibility. Then Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), assay was used for definitive diagnosis of S. enteritidis and resistance genes. RESULTS Overall, 101 (91.81%) samples were detected to be contaminated with Salmonella genus and 86 samples (85.14%) were identified as S. enteritidis. The highest and lowest antibiotic resistance were belonged to gentamicin (n=70, 81.39%), and tetracycline (n=6, 6.97%). Besides, 64 samples (74.42%) had 2-10 drugs resistance patterns. Moreover, the highest and the least resistance were related to blaIMP-1 (n=73, 84.88%) and tet(B) (n=49, 56.97%) genes respectively. CONCLUSION The drug-induced genes in S. enteritidis have a high frequency. Therefore, antibiotic resistance and high MDR to antibiotics can be due to the incorrect use of antibiotics and the lack of health monitoring in Cattle farms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza RANJBAR
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding Author:
| | | | - Mohammad HEIAT
- Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang C, Li H, Zhang T, Chu Y, Zuo J, Chen D. Study on antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella typhimurium L forms to the third and forth generation cephalosporins. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3042. [PMID: 32080217 PMCID: PMC7033113 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59456-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella typhimurium is a pathogenic gram-negative bacterium, which is found primarily in the intestinal lumen. It often causes diarrhea in infants and young children and leads to food poisoning. Drug resistance of Salmonella typhimurium presented serious complications in clinical patients. In this study, we investigated the antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella typhimurium standard strain L forms to the third and forth generation cephalosporins, in order to control and eliminate Salmonella typhimurium L forms in infection treatment. Salmonella typhimurium L forms were induced by β-lactam antibiotic cefazolin in the culture medium of bacterial L forms. The antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella typhimurium L forms was analyzed by K-B drug susceptibility testing. The change trend of drug susceptibility and resistance of Salmonella typhimurium L forms was obtained in accordance with USA clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI) evaluation data and statistical analysis. Drug resistance of Salmonella typhimurium L forms showed little increasing trend compared with their parent bacteria. The L form inhibition zone was smaller than in the parent bacteria. However, the drug susceptibility of L forms of Salmonella typhimurium to the third and forth generation cephalosporins remained sensitive.The antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella typhimurium L forms to the third and forth generation cephalosporins remains sensitive, and the combined use of multi-antibiotics is a convenient and effective method to reduce Salmonella typhimurium L forms occurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201801, P.R. China
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Microbiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, P.R. China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, P.R. China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Chu
- Laboratory Center for Morphology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, P.R. China
| | - Junli Zuo
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201801, P.R. China.
| | - Dengyu Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, P.R. China. .,Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Prasertsee T, Chokesajjawatee N, Santiyanont P, Chuammitri P, Deeudom M, Tadee P, Patchanee P. Quantification and rep‐PCR characterization of
Salmonella
spp. in retail meats and hospital patients in Northern Thailand. Zoonoses Public Health 2019; 66:301-309. [DOI: 10.1111/zph.12565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teerarat Prasertsee
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Chiang Mai University Muang Thailand
| | - Nipa Chokesajjawatee
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology National Science and Technology Development Agency Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - Pannita Santiyanont
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology National Science and Technology Development Agency Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - Phongsakorn Chuammitri
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Chiang Mai University Muang Thailand
| | - Manu Deeudom
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Muang Thailand
| | - Pakpoom Tadee
- Integrative Research Center for Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Chiang Mai University Muang Thailand
| | - Prapas Patchanee
- Integrative Research Center for Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Chiang Mai University Muang Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ranjbar R, Ardashiri M, Samadi S, Afshar D. Distribution of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) among Salmonella serogroups isolated from pediatric patients. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2018; 10:294-299. [PMID: 30675325 PMCID: PMC6340002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and fluoroquinolones are generally used to treat invasive Salmonella infections, but emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains are increasing worldwide. This study was aimed to investigate the distribution of ESBLs among Salmonella serogroups isolated from pediatric patients in Tehran, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included all Salmonella isolates recovered from pediatric patients admitted to Children's Medical Center, Tehran, Iran during 2015-2016. Bacterial isolation and identification were performed by standard biochemical and agglutination tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Polymerase chain reaction was used to identify the genetic determinants responsible for ESBL phenotypes. RESULTS A total of 138 S. enterica serovars were isolated from stool specimens, including serogroup A (1), serogroup B (18), serogroup C (41) and serogroup D (78). Forty isolates out of 138 Salmonella strains had shown ESBL-positive phenotype. All ESBL-positive isolates showed multiple resistant phenotype. Resistance to more than 3 antimicrobial agents was observed among ESBL-positive strains. The frequency of Salmonella strains carrying the bla CTX, bla TEM and bla SHV genes was 17 (12.3%), 40 (29.9%) and 4 (2.89%) respectively. CONCLUSION The high rates of ESBLs positive-Salmonella strains recovered from pediatric patients is alarming and indicates a necessity to substitute the cephalosporins with a proper alternative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ranjbar
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: Reza Ranjbar, Ph.D, Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98-21-88039883, Fax: +98-21-88039883
| | - Mehrdad Ardashiri
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Samadi
- Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Damghan Branch, Damghan, Iran
| | - Davoud Afshar
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ranjbar R, Tolon SS, Zayeri S, Sami M. The Frequency of Antibiotic Resistance and ESBLs Among Clinically Acinetobacter baumannii Strains Isolated from Patients in a Major Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Open Microbiol J 2018; 12:254-260. [PMID: 30197699 PMCID: PMC6110056 DOI: 10.2174/1874285801812010254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics limits treatment options, increases morbidity and mortality, and raises the risk of antibiotic-associated adverse events. Antibacterial resistance emerges rapidly following an increase in the consumption of antibiotics against infectious diseases. The spread of ESBL producing strains has a limiting factor based on antibiotic function for the treatment of infections particularly caused by Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii). Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and distribution of blaTEM, blaCTX, and blaSHV genes among A. baumannii strains isolated from clinical samples at a major hospital in Teheran, Iran. Methods: A. baumannii strains were isolated and identified using standard microbiological methods. The disc diffusion and combined discs methods were used for testing antimicrobial susceptibility and to identify the strains producing Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL), respectively. DNA extraction was done by boiling method. Finally, the frequency of resistant genes including blaTEM, blaCTX, and blaSHV in ESBL producing isolates was studied by PCR. Results: Gender distribution in this study was 53 (53%) samples for men and 47 (47%) for women. Totally, one hundred A. baumannii strains were isolated. More than 93% of the isolates were multi drug resistant. The highest to lowest antibiotic resistance was observed against amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (98%), ceftriaxone (96%), cefotaxime (94%), and ceftazidime (93%), respectively. The frequency of positive phenotypic test of ESBL was 19% and 16% for CAZ-C and CTX-C, respectively. The frequency of blaTEM, blaCTX, and blaSHV genes was 52.1, 43.4, and 21.7, respectively. Conclusion: A. baumannii isolates exhibited an extremely worrying level of antibiotic resistance, and a high percentage of the isolates showed MDR in this study. This is a serious warning because ESBLs are a major threat to the effectiveness of antibiotics that are currently available for medical uses. The frequency of genes encoded ESBL isolates of A. baumannii may be due to overuse and misuse of antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ranjbar
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjad S Tolon
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Zayeri
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Sami
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ranjbar R, Sami M. Genetic Investigation of Beta-Lactam Associated Antibiotic Resistance Among Escherichia Coli Strains Isolated from Water Sources. Open Microbiol J 2017; 11:203-210. [PMID: 29151997 PMCID: PMC5678241 DOI: 10.2174/1874285801711010203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Antimicrobial resistance is an important factor threatening human health. It is widely accepted that antibiotic resistant bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) released from humans and animals into the water sources, can introduce their resistance genes into the natural bacterial community. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of blaTEM, blaCTX, blaSHV, blaOXA and blaVEB associated-antibiotic resistance among E. coli bacteria isolated from different water resources in Iran. Methods: The study contained all E. coli strains segregated from different surface water sources. The Kirby-Bauer method and combined discs method was determined in this study for testing antimicrobial susceptibility and strains that produced Extended-Spectrum Beta Lactamases (ESBL), respectively. DNA extraction kit was applied for genomic and plasmid DNA derivation. Finally the frequency of resistant genes including blaTEM, blaCTX, blaSHV, blaOXA and blaVEB in ESBL producing isolates were studied by PCR. Results: One hundred E. coli strains were isolated and entered in the study. The highest antibiotic resistance was observed on clindamycin (96%). Moreover, 38.5% isolates were ESBL producers. The frequency of different ESBLs genes were 37%, 27%, 27%, and 25% for blaTEM, blaCTX, blaSHV, and blaOXA, respectively. The blaVEB wasn’t found in any isolates. Conclusion: The study revealed a high prevalence of CTX-M, TEM, SHV and OXA genes among E. coli strains in surface water resources. In conclusion, these results raised a concern regarding the presence and distribution of these threatening factors in surface water sources and its subsequent outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ranjbar
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Sami
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Malehmir S, Ranjbar R, Harzandi N. The Molecular Study of Antibiotic Resistance to Quinolones in Salmonella enterica Strains Isolated in Tehran, Iran. Open Microbiol J 2017; 11:189-194. [PMID: 29151995 PMCID: PMC5678238 DOI: 10.2174/1874285801711010189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Salmonella is known as one of the most important causes of gastrointestinal disease in the world. Quinolones and fluoroquinolones are used successfully in the treatment of salmonellosis particularly for infections that have become resistant to several antibiotics. But non-susceptible isolates to quinolones have been reported in several countries. The data are limited about the prevalence of quinolone-resistant isolates in our country. Therefore, this study investigated the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Salmonella enterica isolated in Children's Medical Center in Tehran during 2014-2015. Methods and Materials: Salmonella isolates were isolated and identified using standard microbiological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing and screening of Salmonella strains resistant to quinolones were performed according to the CLSI guidelines. The molecular investigation was done using specific primers for detection of qnr genes including: qnrA, qnrB and qnrS, by polymerase chain reaction. Results: Overall, 92 (66.6%) strains were resistant to nalidixic acid. None of the strains showed resistance to ciprofloxacin. Out of the 92 nalidixic acid resistant strains, 52 (56.52%) harbored qnrS genes, 15 strains (16.30%) had both qnrA and qnrS genes. Two (1.1%) isolates were positive for qnrB gene. Twenty four (26.08%) nalidixic acid resistant isolates did not have any qnr qens. Conclusion: The results of this study show high prevalence of resistance to nalidixic and qnr genes in Salmonella isolates. Plasmid nature of this type of resistance poses an increased risk of dissemination of quinolone resistance between Salmonella and non-Salmonella isolates circulating in hospitals environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Malehmir
- Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Reza Ranjbar
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Harzandi
- Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ranjbar R, Elhaghi P, Shokoohizadeh L. Multilocus Sequence Typing of the Clinical Isolates of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium in Tehran Hospitals. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017; 42:443-448. [PMID: 29234176 PMCID: PMC5722961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is one of the most important serovars of Salmonella enterica and is associated with human salmonellosis worldwide. Many epidemiological studies have focused on the characteristics of Salmonella Typhimurium in many countries as well as in Asia. This study was conducted to investigate the genetic characteristics of Salmonella Typhimurium using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). METHODS Clinical samples (urine, blood, and stool) were collected from patients, who were admitted to 2 hospitals in Tehran between April and September, 2015. Salmonella Typhimurium strains were identified by conventional standard biochemical and serological testing. The antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the Salmonella Typhimurium isolates against 16 antibiotics was determined using the disk diffusion assay. The clonal relationship between the strains of Salmonella Typhimurium was analyzed using MLST. RESULTS Among the 68 Salmonella isolates, 31% (n=21) were Salmonella Typhimurium. Of the total 21 Salmonella Typhimurium isolates, 76% (n=16) were multidrug-resistant and showed resistance to 3 or more antibiotic families. The Salmonella Typhimurium isolates were assigned to 2 sequence types: ST19 and ST328. ST19 was more common (86%). Both sequence types were further assigned to 1 eBURST group. CONCLUSION This is the first study of its kind in Iran to determine the sequence types of the clinical isolates of Salmonella Typhimurium in Tehran hospitals using MLST. ST19 was detected as the major sequence type of Salmonella Typhimurium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ranjbar
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Elhaghi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Leili Shokoohizadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran,Correspondence: Leili Shokoohizadeh, PhD; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mahdieh Street, P. O. Box: 65178-38736, Hamadan, Iran Tel: +98 81 38276295 Fax: +98 81 38276299
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ranjbar R, Arjomandzadegan M, Hosseiny H. Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and Growth Control Properties of Nonoscale Structure Produced from Aloe vera var. littoralis Extract on Clinical Isolates of Salmonella. Sci Pharm 2017; 85:E28. [PMID: 28758958 PMCID: PMC5620516 DOI: 10.3390/scipharm85030028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine antibacterial properties of microemulsion structure produced from Aloe vera var. littoralis extract as a new tool of nanoscale drug-like materials. Aloe vera var. littoralis (A. littoralis) extract was prepared by distillation method. A nonocarrier structure in the microemulsion system was prepared from the extract. Serial concentrations were prepared from 8 mg/mL extract and the nonocarrier containing 0.1 mg/mL pure extract and were evaluated by a disk diffusion method for 35 Salmonella clinical isolates. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by microbroth dilution assay using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) method by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) Microplate Reader apparatus. Antioxidant activity of the extract was determined by measuring the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay. From 35 clinical isolates of Salmonella, 17 isolates-including resistant isolates of S.E.1103 and S.E.49-had a zone of inhibition (ZI) of 7 to 32 mm in 0.007 mg/mL of the extract. S.E.76 isolate exposed to 30 µg/mL ceftazidime disk had a ZI of 12 mm but had 10 mm in 7µg/mL of A. littoralis extract. The inhibitory effect of a nanocarrier at a concentration of 25 µg/mL by 20 mm ZI was comparable by the ceftazidime (30 µg/mL) effect. MIC50 was 0.25 mg/mL and MBC50 was 0.5 mg/mL by MTT method for the extract. It was shown that A.littoralis extract had antioxidant activity of 31.67 µM/mg that could be increased based on concentration. It was concluded that the nanocarrier had a significant effect on the studied isolates in comparison with ordinary antibiotics and had potential for use as a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial material in complementary medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ranjbar
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of MedicalSciences, 1417613151 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Arjomandzadegan
- Infectious Diseases Research Center (IDRC) and Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, 3813898197 Arak, Iran.
| | - Hossein Hosseiny
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, 3813898197 Arak, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kim JE, Lee YJ. Molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella from poultry industries in Korea. Ir Vet J 2017; 70:20. [PMID: 28603604 PMCID: PMC5465467 DOI: 10.1186/s13620-017-0095-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antimicrobial resistant Salmonella strains are a direct threat to human health when this resistance interferes with treatment and an indirect threat when resistance can be transferred to other human pathogens. The objective of the present study was to characterize antimicrobial resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) isolates recovered from poultry industries, including a description of genetic diversity and virulence profiles. Results In total of 93 Salmonella isolates shown antimicrobial resistance to one or more drugs, all isolates exhibited common resistance to streptomycin, nalidixic acid and cephalothin but no ciprofloxacin resistance. Among 26 virulence gene profiling, 12 virulence genes, invA, orgA, prgH, sopB, tolC, sipB, gatC, msgA, pagC, spiA, sifA, and sitC were found in all antimicrobial-resistant NTS isolates. In comparing the data from ERIC-PCR clusters, virulence profiles and resistance profiles, some Salmonella isolates grouped into the same cluster were found to exhibit similar virulence and resistance patterns. Conclusions Virulence profiling combined with ERIC-PCR offered a rapid approach to characterize antimicrobial-resistant NTS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Eui Kim
- Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Lee
- Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ranjbar R, Tabatabaee A, Behzadi P, Kheiri R. Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR) Genotyping of Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Different Animal Stool Specimens. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 12:25-34. [PMID: 29760750 PMCID: PMC5938721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Escherichia coli is a commensal-pathogenic organism, which includes a wide range of strains. Despite several advanced molecular-genomic technologies for detecting and identifying different strains of E. coli, Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR) technique is a quick, sharp and cost effective fingerprint method. The major purpose of the present study was to determine the distribution of ERICs within E. coli strains isolated from different healthy animal stool specimens including hens, sheep, and cows, as an appropriate and quick molecular-genomic tool. METHODS The animal stool samples were obtained during 1 year (October 2012 to October 2013), from animal husbandries around Tehran and Alborz provinces, Iran. After screening processes, the E. coli bacteria were isolated and cultured via standard microbiological methods. The DNA molecules of E. coli bacteria were harvested and Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR) was applied for bacterial molecular genotyping. The ERIC-PCR products were run on 1% gel electrophoresis. The final images regarding gel electrophoresis banding patterns were used for dendrogram generation via the GelClust software. RESULTS Of 120 isolated samples, 115 different strains were recognized as E. coli. The fingerprint patterns involved 380 to 3280 bp bands. The predominant bands included 2900 bp, 1200 bp, and 1200 bp in stool samples of hens, sheep, and cows, respectively. The highest frequencies and diversities were seen among E. coli strains isolated from hens and sheep stool samples. CONCLUSION The DNA profiles were clearly detectable via specific fingerprint patterns. The ERIC-PCR seemed to be a good approach for molecular typing of E. coli strains isolated from different animal sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ranjbar
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding Information: Dr. Reza Ranjbar. Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +982188039883
| | - Afsar Tabatabaee
- Dept. of Microbiology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Payam Behzadi
- Dept. of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rohollah Kheiri
- Water Quality Control Office, Alborz Province Water and Wastewater Company, Karaj, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
RANJBAR R, MORTAZAVI SM, MEHRABI TAVANA A, SARSHAR M, NAJAFI A, SORURI ZANJANI R. Simultaneous Molecular Detection of Salmonella enterica Serovars Typhi, Enteritidis, Infantis, and Typhimurium. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 46:103-111. [PMID: 28451535 PMCID: PMC5401918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, as causative agent of typhoid fever, is one of the most important endemic pathogens. Non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars, including Typhimurium, Infantis, and Enteritidis are amongst the most prevalent serotypes worldwide and in developing areas such as Iran. The aim of this study was to apply a uniplex PCR for rapid detection of Salmonella spp., and a multiplex PCR for the simultaneous detection of the four most common Salmonella serovars in Iran. METHODS Current research was done in 2010 at Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. For detection of Salmonella spp a pair of primers was used to replicate a chromosomal sequence. Four other sets of primers were also designed to amplify the target genes of four Salmonella species including S. typhi, and three non-typhoidal Salmonella spp (S. enteritidis, S. infantis, and S. typhimurium). The assay specificity was investigated by testing 15 different Salmonella serovars and 8 other additional non-Salmonella species. RESULTS The Salmonella genus-specific PCR yielded the expected DNA band of 404 bp in all Salmonella spp., strains tested. The uniplex and multiplex PCR assays produced also the expected fragments of 489 bp, 304 bp, 224 bp, and 104 bp for serovars Typhi, Enteritidis, Typhimurium, and Infantis, respectively. Each species-specific primer pair set did not show any cross-reactivity when tested on other Salmonella serovars or other non- but related- Salmonella strains. CONCLUSION Both uniplex and multiplex PCR protocols had a good specificity. They can provide an important tool for the rapid and simultaneous detection and differentiation of the four most prevalent Salmonella serovars in Iran.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza RANJBAR
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding Author:
| | - Seyyed Mojtaba MORTAZAVI
- Dept. of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali MEHRABI TAVANA
- Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam SARSHAR
- Dept. of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ali NAJAFI
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahim SORURI ZANJANI
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ranjbar R, Ahmadi M, Memariani M. Multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) for genotyping of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype Infantis isolated from human sources. Microb Pathog 2016; 100:299-304. [PMID: 27765620 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella is an important cause of food-borne infection worldwide. Detection of outbreaks caused by Salmonella spp. relies on suitable and robust methods for genotyping. Little is known about the genetic diversity of the Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype Infantis strains isolated from human sources in Iran. In this study, 40 isolates of S. Infantis, which were previously recovered from patients with gastroenteritis or diarrhea in Tehran between years 2007 and 2009, were subjected to multiple-locus variable-number of tandem repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and ERIC-PCR. Using MLVA method, 31 types were identified. The MLVA clustering of the isolates by the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) revealed the presence of two major clusters. The discriminatory power of MLVA was superior to that of PFGE and ERIC-PCR. Overall, our data showed that MLVA assay could effectively differentiate closely related strains. It is technically simple and inexpensive to perform. Furthermore, MLVA can be used as a helpful method for epidemiological investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ranjbar
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Ahmadi
- Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Damghan Branch, Damghan, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Memariani
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Prasertsee T, Khantaprab N, Yamsakul P, Santiyanont P, Chokesajjawatee N, Patchanee P. Repetitive sequence-based PCR fingerprinting and the relationship of antimicrobial-resistance characteristics and corresponding genes among Salmonella strains from pig production. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(15)61054-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
17
|
Ardakani MA, Ranjbar R. Molecular typing of uropathogenic E. coli strains by the ERIC-PCR method. Electron Physician 2016; 8:2291-6. [PMID: 27280007 PMCID: PMC4886573 DOI: 10.19082/2291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most common cause of urinary infections in hospitals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ERIC-PCR method for molecular typing of uropathogenic E. coli strains isolated from hospitalized patients. Methods In a cross sectional study, 98 E. coli samples were collected from urine samples taken from patients admitted to Baqiyatallah Hospital from June 2014 to January 2015. The disk agar diffusion method was used to determine antibiotic sensitivity. DNA proliferation based on repetitive intergenic consensus was used to classify the E. coli strains. The products of proliferation were electrophoresed on 1.5% agarose gel, and their dendrograms were drawn. The data were analyzed by online Insillico software. Results The method used in this research proliferated numerous bands (4–17 bands), ranging from 100 to 3000 base pairs. The detected strains were classified into six clusters (E1–E6) with 70% similarity between them. Conclusion In this study, uropathogenic E. coli strains belonged to different genotypic clusters. It was found that ERIC-PCR had good differentiation power for molecular typing of uropathogenic E. coli strains isolated from the patients in the study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Afkhami Ardakani
- M.Sc. of Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science & Technology, pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ranjbar
- Ph.D. of Medical Bacteriology, Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Olaitan AO, Dia NM, Gautret P, Benkouiten S, Belhouchat K, Drali T, Parola P, Brouqui P, Memish Z, Raoult D, Rolain JM. Acquisition of extended-spectrum cephalosporin- and colistin-resistant Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Newport by pilgrims during Hajj. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2015; 45:600-4. [PMID: 25769786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Gatherings like the Hajj involving many people who travel from different parts of the world represent a risk for the acquisition and dissemination of infectious diseases. In this study, acquisition of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella spp. in 2013 Hajj pilgrims from Marseille, France, was investigated. In total, 267 rectal swabs were collected from 129 participants before their departure and after their return from the pilgrimage as well as during the pilgrimage from patients with diarrhoea. Samples were screened for the presence of Salmonella using quantitative real-time PCR and culture. Whole-genome sequencing was performed to characterise one of the isolates, and the mechanism leading to colistin resistance was investigated. Six post-Hajj samples and one sample collected during a diarrhoea episode in Hajj were positive for Salmonella by real-time PCR, with five Salmonella enterica belonging to several serotypes recovered by culture, whereas no pre-Hajj sample was positive. Two of the isolates belonged to the epidemic Newport serotype, were resistant to cephalosporins, gentamicin and colistin, and harboured the bla(CTX-M-2) gene and a 12-nucleotide deletion in the pmrB gene leading to colistin resistance. This study shows that pilgrims acquired Salmonella bacteria, including a novel MDR clone, during the Hajj pilgrimage. This calls for more improved public health surveillance during Hajj because Salmonella is one of the most common diarrhoea-causing bacteria worldwide. Therefore, returning pilgrims could disseminate MDR bacteria worldwide upon returning to their home countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abiola Olumuyiwa Olaitan
- Unité de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et tropicales émergentes (URMITE), CNRS-IRD UMR 6236, Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Ndèye Méry Dia
- Unité de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et tropicales émergentes (URMITE), CNRS-IRD UMR 6236, Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Gautret
- Unité de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et tropicales émergentes (URMITE), CNRS-IRD UMR 6236, Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Samir Benkouiten
- Unité de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et tropicales émergentes (URMITE), CNRS-IRD UMR 6236, Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Khadidja Belhouchat
- Unité de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et tropicales émergentes (URMITE), CNRS-IRD UMR 6236, Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Tassadit Drali
- Unité de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et tropicales émergentes (URMITE), CNRS-IRD UMR 6236, Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Parola
- Unité de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et tropicales émergentes (URMITE), CNRS-IRD UMR 6236, Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Brouqui
- Unité de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et tropicales émergentes (URMITE), CNRS-IRD UMR 6236, Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Ziad Memish
- Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia
| | - Didier Raoult
- Unité de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et tropicales émergentes (URMITE), CNRS-IRD UMR 6236, Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jean-Marc Rolain
- Unité de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et tropicales émergentes (URMITE), CNRS-IRD UMR 6236, Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|