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Buck E, Lee S, Gao Q, Tran SD, Tamimi F, Stone LS, Cerruti M. The Role of Surface Chemistry in the Osseointegration of PEEK Implants. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:1506-1521. [PMID: 35290033 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Poly(etheretherketone) (PEEK) implants suffer from poor osseointegration because of chronic inflammation. In this study, we hypothesized that adding NH2 and COOH groups to the surface of PEEK could modulate macrophage responses by altering protein adsorption and improve its osseointegration. NH2 and COOH-functionalized PEEK surfaces induced pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophage responses, respectively, and differences in protein adsorption patterns on these surfaces were related to the varied inflammatory responses. The macrophage responses to NH2 surfaces significantly reduced the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs cultured on NH2 surfaces differentiated less than those on COOH surfaces even though NH2 surfaces promoted the most mineralization in simulated body fluid solutions. After 14 days in rat tibia unicortical defects, the bone around NH2 surfaces had thinner trabeculae and higher specific bone surface than the bone around unmodified implants; surprisingly, the NH2 implants significantly increased bone-binding over the unmodified implants, while COOH implants only showed a trend for increasing bone-binding. Taken together, these results suggest that both mineral-binding and immune responses play a role in osseointegration, and PEEK implant integration may be improved with mixtures of these two functional groups to harness the ability to reduce inflammation and bind bone strongly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Buck
- Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Seunghwan Lee
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue #500, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1, Canada.,Alan Edwards Center for Research on Pain, McGill University, 740 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Qiman Gao
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue #500, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Simon D Tran
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue #500, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Faleh Tamimi
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue #500, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Laura S Stone
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue #500, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1, Canada.,Alan Edwards Center for Research on Pain, McGill University, 740 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Marta Cerruti
- Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
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KHAN K, SEVİL KİLİMCİ F, KARA M. Biomechanical tests: applications and their reliability for the prediction of bone strength in broiler chicken. MEHMET AKIF ERSOY ÜNIVERSITESI VETERINER FAKÜLTESI DERGISI 2021. [DOI: 10.24880/maeuvfd.936262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Frosch S, Buchhorn GH. Considerations on the animal model and the biomechanical test arrangements for assessing the osseous integration of orthopedic and dental implants. MethodsX 2021; 8:101352. [PMID: 34430253 PMCID: PMC8374368 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2021.101352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In implant research, a central objective is to optimize the osseous integration of implants according to their function and scope of application. In the preclinical stage, the animal model is commonly used to study implants for in vivo host tissue response and biomechanical tests are a frequently applied method for characterization of contact phenomena. However, the individual parameters and options for both the animal model and the biomechanical test arrangements vary widely, which can negatively affect the reliability and comparability of the results. In the present method description, we focus on implants for trabecular bone replacement and outline differentiated considerations for optimizing the animal model and the biomechanical test arrangement best suited for the area of application described. In addition, our aim was to present an optimized and strict study protocol for biomechanical push-out tests and step-by-step instructions in order to achieve precise and comparable results.The rabbit model and the distal femur as an implantation site are ideal for biomechanical assessment of implant osseointegration. Push-out tests are recommended, in which conformity of the axis is mandatory. Sequential examination periods are beneficial, e.g. after 4 weeks for osseohealing and after 12 weeks for osseoremodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Frosch
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gottfried H Buchhorn
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Frosch S, Nüsse V, Frosch KH, Lehmann W, Buchhorn G. Osseointegration of 3D porous and solid Ti-6Al-4V implants - Narrow gap push-out testing and experimental setup considerations. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 115:104282. [PMID: 33348214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Porosity in titanium alloy materials improves the bony integration and mechanical properties of implants. In certain areas of application such as vertebral spacers or trabecular bone replacement (e.g. wedge augmentation in prosthetics), surface structures are desirable that promote bone integration and have biomechanical properties that are resistant to intraosseous load transfers and at the same time resemble the stiffness of bone to possible reduce the risk of stress shielding. In the present study, we investigated the biomechanical push-out behavior of an open-porous Ti-6Al-4V material that was produced in a space-holder and sintering method creating a 3-D through-pores trabecular design that corresponds with the inhomogeneity and size relationships of trabecular bone. The short-term and mid-term effects of the material properties on osseointegration in a biomechanical push-out study were compared to those of to a conventional solid Ti-6Al-4V material. In order to raise the measurement accuracy we implemented a strict study protocol. Pairs of cylindrical implants with a porosity of 49% and an average pore diameter of 400 μm and equal sized solid, corundum blasted devices as reference were bilaterally implanted press fit in the lateral femoral condyles of 14 rabbits. After sacrifice at 4 and 12 weeks, a push-out test was performed while the test set-up was designed to ensure conformity of implant axes and direction of applied force. Maximum holding force, Young's modulus, and mode of failure were recorded. Results of maximum push-out force (F-max) revealed a significant material effect (p < 0.05) in favor of porous implants after 4 weeks of osseohealing (6.39 vs. 3.36 N/mm2) as well as after 12 weeks of osseoremodeling (7.58 vs. 4.99 N/mm2). Evaluation of the failure mode resulted in three different types of displacement characteristics, which revealed a different mechanism of osseous anchoring between the two types of implants and substantiate the F-max and Young's modulus results. Conclusively, the porous implant offers surface properties that significantly improve its osseous stability compared to solid material under experimental conditions. In addition, we have optimized our study protocol for biomechanical push-out tests to produce precise and comparable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Frosch
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Verena Nüsse
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Frosch
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg - Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lehmann
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gottfried Buchhorn
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Radwan ES, Montasser MA, Maher A. Influence of geometric design characteristics on primary stability of orthodontic miniscrews. J Orofac Orthop 2018; 79:191-203. [PMID: 29637214 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-018-0131-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of geometric design characteristics on primary stability of orthodontic miniscrews. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty self-drilling miniscrews with different geometric design characteristics were divided into the following groups (n = 10): group I-Tomas® (Dentaurum, Germany), group II-AbsoAnchor® (Dentos, Korea), group III-HUBIT® miniscrew (HUBIT, Korea), group IV-Creative® (China). The four types were conical miniscrews with 1.6 mm diameter and 6.0 mm length. The miniscrews were manually inserted perpendicular to cow ribs until the full thread length was reached with the help of a 1.3 mm predrilled pilot hole. Each miniscrew was evaluated using scanning electron microscope. Linear and angular measurements were taken using Photoshop CS3 software. Miniscrew stability was measured by the Periotest® and pullout test. RESULTS All linear and angular measurements of the geometric characteristics showed significant differences between the four groups (p ≤ 0.001). Results of the pullout test showed significant differences between the four groups (p ≤ 0.001), while the Periotest® values showed no significant differences (p = 0.122). A multiple linear regression analysis revealed the significant predictors for higher pullout: a larger flank, a higher value for the thread angle, lead angle, and apical face angle (p ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Orthodontic miniscrews' geometric design characteristics significantly affected the primary stability. Larger pitch width, flank, thread angle, apical face angle, and/or lead angle led to higher primary stability. Smaller a thread shape factor (TSF) also improved primary stability. Varying these characteristics may enhance miniscrew design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Saad Radwan
- Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mona A Montasser
- Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Maher
- Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Lecocq M, Felix MS, Bernard C, Linares JM, Chaves-Jacob J, Decherchi P, Dousset E. Biocompatibility of four common orthopedic biomaterials following neuroelectromyostimulation: An in-vivo study. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017; 106:1156-1164. [PMID: 28556590 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Despite the worldwide high prevalence of total joint arthroplasty (TJA), life expectancy of prosthesis remains limited by mechanical and chemical constraint which promote wear debris production, surrounding tissues damage and finally prosthesis loosening. Such results could be amplified by neuro-myoelectrostimulation (NMES; widely used to reduce neuromuscular deficits observed following TJA surgery). It was previously described in an in vivo experiment that interactions between NMES and Ti6Al4V implant are deleterious for both implant and surrounding muscles. The purpose of the present study was to compare the biocompatibility of four common orthopedic biomaterials, two metallic (Ti6Al4V, CrCo) and two nonmetallic (PEEK, Al2 O3 ) alloys, fixed on rat tibial crest in which the surrounding muscles were electrostimulated. Muscle cell death rate was not found significantly increased, with or without electrical stimulation for nonmetallic implants. Contrary to Ti6Al4V alloy, the CrCo implant did not induce destruction of the surrounding muscle. However, cell viability decreased for both metallic alloys when NMES was applied but within a greater significant extent for Ti6Al4V implant. Otherwise, when NMES was applied, implant-to-bone adhesion significantly decreased for Ti6Al4V while no significant difference was found for PEEK, Al2 O3 , and CrCo. Statistical analyses reveal also a lesser adhesion strength for Ti6Al4V compared with CrCo when NMES was applied. Selecting the most suitable material in term of biocompatibility remains a major concern and non-metallic materials seems to be more appropriated in regard to electrical currents used for post TJA care. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1156-1164, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Lecocq
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement: Etienne-Jules MAREY (UMR 7287), Equipe "Plasticité des Systèmes Nerveux et Musculaire" (PSNM), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - Marie-Solenne Felix
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement: Etienne-Jules MAREY (UMR 7287), Equipe "Plasticité des Systèmes Nerveux et Musculaire" (PSNM), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - Cécile Bernard
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement: Etienne-Jules MAREY (UMR 7287), Equipe "Plasticité des Systèmes Nerveux et Musculaire" (PSNM), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - Jean-Marc Linares
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement: Etienne-Jules MAREY (UMR 7287), Equipe "Conception Bio-Inspirée" (CBI), IUT d'Aix-en-Provence, 13625 Aix-en-Provence Cedex, France
| | - Julien Chaves-Jacob
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement: Etienne-Jules MAREY (UMR 7287), Equipe "Conception Bio-Inspirée" (CBI), IUT d'Aix-en-Provence, 13625 Aix-en-Provence Cedex, France
| | - Patrick Decherchi
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement: Etienne-Jules MAREY (UMR 7287), Equipe "Plasticité des Systèmes Nerveux et Musculaire" (PSNM), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - Erick Dousset
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement: Etienne-Jules MAREY (UMR 7287), Equipe "Plasticité des Systèmes Nerveux et Musculaire" (PSNM), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
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Lecocq M, Félix MS, Linares JM, Chaves-Jacob J, Decherchi P, Dousset E. Titanium implant impairment and surrounding muscle cell death following neuro-myoelectrostimulation: Anin vivostudy. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2014; 103:1594-601. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Lecocq
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS; Institut des Sciences du Mouvement: Etienne-Jules MAREY (UMR 7287), Equipe «Plasticité des Systèmes Nerveux et Musculaire» (PSNM); Faculté des Sciences du Sport de Marseille CC910 13288 Marseille Cedex 09 France
| | - Marie-Solenne Félix
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS; Institut des Sciences du Mouvement: Etienne-Jules MAREY (UMR 7287), Equipe «Plasticité des Systèmes Nerveux et Musculaire» (PSNM); Faculté des Sciences du Sport de Marseille CC910 13288 Marseille Cedex 09 France
| | - Jean-Marc Linares
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS; Institut des Sciences du Mouvement: Etienne-Jules MAREY (UMR 7287), Equipe «Conception Bio-Inspirée» (CBI); IUT d'Aix-Marseille 413 13625 Aix-en-Provence Cedex France
| | - Julien Chaves-Jacob
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS; Institut des Sciences du Mouvement: Etienne-Jules MAREY (UMR 7287), Equipe «Conception Bio-Inspirée» (CBI); IUT d'Aix-Marseille 413 13625 Aix-en-Provence Cedex France
| | - Patrick Decherchi
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS; Institut des Sciences du Mouvement: Etienne-Jules MAREY (UMR 7287), Equipe «Plasticité des Systèmes Nerveux et Musculaire» (PSNM); Faculté des Sciences du Sport de Marseille CC910 13288 Marseille Cedex 09 France
| | - Erick Dousset
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS; Institut des Sciences du Mouvement: Etienne-Jules MAREY (UMR 7287), Equipe «Plasticité des Systèmes Nerveux et Musculaire» (PSNM); Faculté des Sciences du Sport de Marseille CC910 13288 Marseille Cedex 09 France
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Soares PBF, Nunes SA, Franco SD, Pires RR, Zanetta-Barbosa D, Soares CJ. Measurement of Elastic Modulus and Vickers Hardness of Surround Bone Implant Using Dynamic Microindentation - Parameters Definition. Braz Dent J 2014; 25:385-90. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201300169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical performance of dental implants is strongly defined by biomechanical principles. The aim of this study was to quantify the Vicker's hardness (VHN) and elastic modulus (E) surround bone to dental implant in different regions, and to discuss the parameters of dynamic microindantion test. Ten cylindrical implants with morse taper interface (Titamax CM, Neodent; 3.5 mm diameter and 7 mm a height) were inserted in rabbit tibia. The mechanical properties were analyzed using microhardness dynamic indenter with 200 mN load and 15 s penetration time. Seven continuous indentations were made distancing 0.08 mm between each other perpendicularly to the implant-bone interface towards the external surface, at the limit of low (Lp) and high implant profile (Hp). Data were analyzed by Student's t-test (a=0.05) to compare the E and VHN values obtained on both regions. Mean and standard deviation of E (GPa) were: Lp. 16.6 ± 1.7, Hp. 17.0 ± 2.5 and VHN (N/mm2): Lp. 12.6 ± 40.8, Hp. 120.1 ± 43.7. No statistical difference was found between bone mechanical properties of high and low profile of the surround bone to implant, demonstrating that the bone characterization homogeneously is pertinent. Dynamic microindantion method proved to be highly useful in the characterization of the individual peri-implant bone tissue.
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External mechanical microstimuli modulate the osseointegration of titanium implants in rat tibiae. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:234093. [PMID: 24369009 PMCID: PMC3866820 DOI: 10.1155/2013/234093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. To assess the effect of external mechanical microstimuli of controlled magnitude on the microarchitecture of the peri-implant bone beds in rat tibiae. Materials and Methods. Tibiae of forty rats were fitted with two transcutaneous titanium cylinders. After healing, the implants were loaded to 1 to 3 N, five days/week for four weeks. These force levels translated into intraosseous strains of 700 ± 200 με, 1400 ± 400 με, and 2100 ± 600 με. After sacrifice, the implants' pullout strength was assessed. Second, the bone's microarchitecture was analyzed by microcomputed tomography (μCT) in three discrete regions of interest (ROIs). Third, the effect of loading on bone material properties was determined by nanoindentation. Results. The trabecular BV/TV significantly increased in an ROI of 0.98 mm away from the test implant in the 1 N versus the 3 N group with an opposite trend for cortical thickness. Pull-out strength significantly increased in the 2 N relatively to the nonstimulated group. Higher values of E-modulus and hardness were observed in the trabecular bone of the 2 N group. Conclusion. The in vivo mechanical loading of implants induces load-dependent modifications in bone microarchitecture and bone material properties in rat tibiae. In pull-out strength measurements, implant osseointegration was maximized at 2 N (1400 ± 400 με).
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