1
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Hosseini S, Azizi N. CSA@g-C 3N 4 as a novel, robust and efficient catalyst with excellent performance for the synthesis of 4H-chromenes derivatives. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18961. [PMID: 37923798 PMCID: PMC10624862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A pioneering robust and green heterogeneous acidic catalyst (CSA@g-C3N4) was rationally designed via immobilization of camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) on the g-C3N4 surface under mild conditions. Grafting CSA in the g-C3N4 lattice is distinguished as the root cause of facilitating the structure change of g-C3N4, leading to a unique morphology, accordingly the remarkable catalytic efficiency of CSA@g-C3N4. The morphology of new as-prepared nano-catalyst was specified by means of FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, TEM, TGA, and BET. For the first time, it is exhibited that the efficient catalyst CSA@g-C3N4 can productively accomplish the three-component reactions with high yields and also serve as an inspiration for easily performing various sorts of MCRs based on our finding. The recommended synthesis pathway of chromenes derivatives is facile and cost-effective which applies a condensation reaction of salicylaldehyde, thiophenol, and malononitrile followed by ready purification in a benign manner. Moreover, the CSA@g-C3N4 nanocomposite can be promptly reused, illustrating no sensational decrease in the catalytic activity after ten times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Hosseini
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, P.O. Box 14335-186, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Najmedin Azizi
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, P.O. Box 14335-186, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Badiger KB, Kamanna K, Hanumanthappa R, Devaraju KS, Giddaerappa G, Sannegowda LK. Synthesis, Antioxidant, and Electrochemical Behavior Studies of 2-Amino-4 H-Chromene Derivatives Catalyzed by WEOFPA: Green Protocol. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2023.2173620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishnappa B. Badiger
- Peptide and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, India
| | - Kantharaju Kamanna
- Peptide and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, India
| | | | - K. S. Devaraju
- Department of Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, India
| | - G. Giddaerappa
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ballari, India
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3
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Badiger KB, Kamanna K. Green Method Synthesis of Pyrano[2,3- d]Pyrimidine Derivatives: Antimicrobial and Electrochemical Behavior Studies. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2108852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishnappa B. Badiger
- Peptide and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, India
| | - Kantharaju Kamanna
- Peptide and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, India
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4
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Badiger KB, Giddaerappa, Hanumanthappa R, Sannegowda LK, Kamanna K. An Agro‐Waste Based Eco‐Friendly Synthesis, Electrochemical Behavior and Anti‐oxidant Properties Evaluation of Pyrano[2,3‐
c
]pyrazole and Pyrazolyl‐4
H
‐chromenes Derivatives. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishnappa B. Badiger
- Peptide and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry Rani Channamma University P−B, NH-4 Belagavi 591 156 India
| | - Giddaerappa
- Department of Studies in Chemistry Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University Ballari Karnataka 583105 India
| | - Ramesha Hanumanthappa
- Peptide and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry Rani Channamma University P−B, NH-4 Belagavi 591 156 India
| | - Lokesh Koodlur Sannegowda
- Department of Studies in Chemistry Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University Ballari Karnataka 583105 India
| | - Kantharaju Kamanna
- Peptide and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry Rani Channamma University P−B, NH-4 Belagavi 591 156 India
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5
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Kamanna K, Amaregouda Y. Synthesis of bioactive scaffolds catalyzed by agro-waste-based solvent medium. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2021-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The backbone of synthetic organic chemistry is the formation of carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bonds. Scientists are actively working to develop new methods of bond-forming reactions because it is one of the most useful tools for the development of structurally diverse molecular entities. On the other hand, scientists are constantly discovering chemical processes to make them more sustainable in order to avoid the ever-increasing chemical emission associated with hazards to the environment. Thus, the development of greener catalytic reactions demonstrated a massive uptick in the ability to carry out carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bond-forming reactions under environmentally friendly and simple reaction conditions. Various approaches are demonstrated, namely, solvent-free, microwave irradiation, ionic liquids, ball milling, ultrasound, one-pot, and aqueous-mediated methods under green chemistry protocol. Agro-waste is the postharvest part or agricultural residues derived from various agricultural activities, which has diverse scope and applications. The use of this agro-waste is an eco-friendly and cost-effective process of waste management. Appropriate and optimal utilization of these waste by-products is one of the major challenges in the present days. The recent trend around the globe is to transform waste into wealth concepts to achieve various applications. Agro-waste-derived ashes and extracted medium are successfully studied recently as a heterogeneous- or homogenous-based catalyst in various organic transformations. Agro-waste-derived catalysts are easily available, cost-effective, simple to prepare, nontoxic, easy to handle, biodegradable, and more environmentally benign. This article focuses more on a few instances of agro-waste-based homogeneous and heterogeneous organic synthesis, especially those used in the construction of bioactive molecule synthesis via C–C and C–X bond formation reactions are discussed. The compiled literature in this article is based on keywords used in the search engine on “agro-waste-based catalyst for organic transformations”, and review articles published on this topic, future scope, and summary are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kantharaju Kamanna
- School of Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Rani Channamma University , P-B, NH-4 , Belagavi 591156 , Karnataka , India
| | - Yamanappagouda Amaregouda
- School of Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Rani Channamma University , P-B, NH-4 , Belagavi 591156 , Karnataka , India
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6
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Patra SR, Bhunia S, Das D. Water extract of red mud: an efficient and renewable medium for environmentally benign synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromenes. Mol Divers 2022; 26:2907-2914. [PMID: 35066778 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-021-10369-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an efficient and convenient domino Michael addition/intramolecular cyclization protocol is presented for the synthesis of biologically relevant 2-amino-4H-chromenes in short reaction times using water extract of red mud (WERM) at room temperature. Red mud is generated abundantly as wastes in aluminum industries and this is the first report to utilize WERM as an effective and renewable medium in organic synthesis. As the precursor material is a waste, the present method is environmentally benign and economical. The final 2-amino-4H-chromenes were obtained in high yields by simple precipitation and subsequent washing by aqueous ethanol which eliminates the chromatographic separation. The present method is tolerated by electronically diverse functional groups and also applicable for large-scale synthesis. Moreover, WERM was recovered from the reaction medium and reused for several cycles without significant loss of reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Rani Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sabyasachi Bhunia
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Debjit Das
- Department of Chemistry, Triveni Devi Bhalotia College, Raniganj, India.
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7
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Badiger KB, Khatavi S, Kamanna K. Expedite Greener Method Synthesis of Pyrano[2,3-d]Pyrimidine-2,4,7-Triones Accelerated by Ultrasound Irradiation. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2027790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishnappa B. Badiger
- Peptide and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, India
| | - Santosh Khatavi
- Peptide and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, India
| | - Kantharaju Kamanna
- Peptide and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, India
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8
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Badiger KB, Khatavi SY, Hiremath PB, Kamanna K. Agro-waste sourced catalyst as an eco-friendly and sustainable approach for Knoevenagel condensation reaction. CURRENT ORGANOCATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/2213337209666211222145453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The present work describes an eco-friendly and sustainable approach for the Knoevenagel condensation of an aromatic aldehyde with ethyl cyanoacetate, and salicylaldehyde with Meldrum acid for the synthesis of ethyl benzylidenecyanoacetate and 3-carboxy coumarin (2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran) derivatives, respectively. The reaction performed under greener catalytic media Water Extract of Watermelon Fruit Peel Ash (WEWFPA) is an eco-friendly protocol derived from the agro-waste feedstock. Various protocols have been reported for the synthesis of Knoevenagel condensation reaction using a hazardous catalyst or/and solvent found toxic to the environment, reaction time longer, poor yield, and required purification of the final product. The present method provides several added advantages of being completely greener, economic, giving high yield, inexpensive catalyst, and the final product isolated in pure form with good yield.
Objective:
The objective of the study was to develop a green methodology for the synthesis of ethyl benzylidenecyanoacetate and 3-carboxy coumarin derivatives.
Results:
The agro-waste based catalyst developed avoids the use of external inorganic/organic base, additives, and solvent-free synthesis of Knoevenagel condensation of ethyl benzylidenecyanoacetate and 3-carboxy coumarin derivatives under rt and microwave irradiation, respectively described. The microwave irradiation condition requires less time for the completion of the reaction and also gave better yield isolation
Methods:
We have demonstrated WEWFPA as a greener homogenous agro-waste is employed under rt stirring and microwave irradiation for the economic synthesis of ethyl benzylidenecyanoacetate and 3-carboxy coumarin derivatives. The developed method was found robust, non-hazardous and solvent-free with simple work-up gave target product.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, we have established an efficient, simple, agro-waste based catalytic approach for the synthesis of ethylbenzylidenecyanoacetate and 3-carboxy coumarin derivatives employing WEWFPA as an efficient catalyst under rt stirring and microwave synthesis, respectively. The method is a greener, economical and eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of Knoevenagel condensation products. The advantages of the present approach are solvent-free, no external metal, chemical base free, short reaction time and isolated product in good to excellent yields. The catalyst is agro-waste derived, which has abundant in natural sources, thus making the present approach a greener one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnappa B Badiger
- Peptide and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Rani Channamma University, P-B, NH-4, Belagavi 591 156, India
| | - Santosh Y Khatavi
- Peptide and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Rani Channamma University, P-B, NH-4, Belagavi 591 156, India
| | - Prashant B Hiremath
- Peptide and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Rani Channamma University, P-B, NH-4, Belagavi 591 156, India
| | - Kantharaju Kamanna
- Peptide and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Rani Channamma University, P-B, NH-4, Belagavi 591 156, India
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9
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Hiremath PB, Kamanna K. Ultrasound-Promoted Sustainable Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of 2-Aryl Benzimidazoles Catalyzed by BPAE at Room Temperature. CURRENT ORGANOCATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/2213337208666210212122027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Present-day chemists are more interested in developing and using green
chemistry protocol for various organic transformations, which employ natural feedstock extracts,
and solvent-free, and greener catalysts; they are well known for their non-hazardous nature and
have replaced many organic and inorganic based catalysts. In literature, the reported homogenous
catalytic approaches have been employed for various bioactive heterocycle syntheses, which follow
the green chemistry principle established for various organic transformations catalyzed by
WERSA, BFE, WEPPA, WEMFSA, WEMPA, and Eichhorniacrassipes. Among them, 2-aryl benzimidazole
derivatives have emerged as prominent molecules with a wide variety of applications in
biological and material science.
Methods:
The agro-waste sourced from the banana peel is utilized for the preparation of BPAE catalyst,
which is employed for the synthesis of 2-aryl benzimidazole derivatives under ultrasound
waves at room temperature.
Results:
Here, 2-Aryl benzimidazoles synthesized through the reaction of a substituted o-phenylene
diamine with substituted benzoyl chloride catalyzed by BPAE under ultrasound waves at
room temperature are described. Furthermore, catalyst BPAE is characterized by flame emission
spectrometry, SEM-EDX, and XRD techniques.
Conclusion:
The present work established an eco-friendly, sustainable and novel approach for the
synthesis of 2-aryl benzimidazoles using natural feedstock BPAE. The major merits of BPAE include
its use as an agro-waste-derived catalyst. It is also highly abundant, inexpensive, yields faster
reactions, has a simple workup, and does not require the use of column chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant B. Hiremath
- Department of Chemistry, Peptide and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Rani Channamma University, P-B, NH-4, Belagavi-591156, Karnataka, India
| | - Kantharaju Kamanna
- Department of Chemistry, Peptide and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Rani Channamma University, P-B, NH-4, Belagavi-591156, Karnataka, India
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10
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Nesaragi AR, Kamble RR, Hoolageri SR, Mavazzan A, Madar SF, Anand A, Joshi SD. WELPSA: A natural catalyst of alkali and alkaline earth metals for the facile synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[ b]pyrans and pyrano[2,3- d]pyrimidinones as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2. Appl Organomet Chem 2021; 36:e6469. [PMID: 34898800 PMCID: PMC8646655 DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Since 2019, the infection of SARS‐CoV‐2 has been spreading worldwide and caused potentially lethal health problems. In view of this, the present study explores the most commodious and environmentally benign synthetic protocol for the synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran and pyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidinones as SARS‐CoV‐2 inhibitors via three‐component cycloaddition of aromatic aldehyde, malononitrile, and dimedone/barbituric acid in water. Lemon peel from juice factory waste, namely, lemon (Citrus limon), sweet lemon (C. limetta), and Kaffir lime or Citron (C. hystrix), effectually utilized to obtain WELPSA, WESLPSA, and WEKLPSA, respectively, for the synthesis of title compounds. The catalyst was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (EDX). The concentration of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in the catalyst (WELPSA) was determined using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The current approach manifests numerous notable advantages that include ease of preparation, handling and benignity of the catalyst, low cost, green reaction conditions, facile workup, excellent yields (93%–97%) with extreme purity, and recyclability of the catalyst. Compounds were docked on the crystal structure of SARS‐CoV‐2 (PDB: 6M3M). The consensus score obtained in the range 2.47–4.63 suggests that docking study was optimistic indicating the summary of all forces of interaction between ligands and the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravind R Nesaragi
- Department of Studies in Chemistry Karnatak University Dharwad Dharwad India
| | - Ravindra R Kamble
- Department of Studies in Chemistry Karnatak University Dharwad Dharwad India
| | - Swati R Hoolageri
- Department of Studies in Chemistry Karnatak University Dharwad Dharwad India
| | - Ahmedraza Mavazzan
- Department of Studies in Chemistry Karnatak University Dharwad Dharwad India
| | - Suresh F Madar
- Department of Studies in Chemistry Karnatak University Dharwad Dharwad India
| | - Ashish Anand
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit Indian Institute of Science Bengaluru India
| | - Shrinivas D Joshi
- Novel Drug Design and Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry S.E.T.'s College of Pharmacy Dharwad India
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11
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Kafi‐Ahmadi L, Poursattar Marjani A, Nozad E. Ultrasonic‐assisted preparation of Co
3
O
4
and Eu‐doped Co
3
O
4
nanocatalysts and their application for solvent‐free synthesis of 2‐amino‐4
H
‐benzochromenes under microwave irradiation. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Kafi‐Ahmadi
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Urmia University Urmia Iran
| | | | - Ehsan Nozad
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Urmia University Urmia Iran
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12
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Hiremath PB, Kamanna K. Microwave-Accelerated Facile Synthesis of 1H-Pyrazolo[1,2-b]Phthalazine-5,10-Dione Derivatives Catalyzed by WEMPA. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2020.1830129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prashant B. Hiremath
- Department of Chemistry, Peptide and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Kantharaju Kamanna
- Department of Chemistry, Peptide and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
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13
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Patil RC, Patil UP, Jagdale AA, Shinde SK, Patil SS. Ash of pomegranate peels (APP): A bio-waste heterogeneous catalyst for sustainable synthesis of α,α′-bis(substituted benzylidine)cycloalkanones and 2-arylidene-1-tetralones. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-020-04160-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Hiremath PB, Kantharaju K. An Efficient and Facile Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐4
H
‐pyrans &Tetrahydrobenzo[
b
]pyrans Catalysed by WEMFSA at Room Temperature. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prashant B Hiremath
- Department of Chemistry, Peptide and medicinal chemistry research laboratory Rani Channamma University, P.B. NH-4 Belagavi 591156 Karnataka
| | - K Kantharaju
- Department of Chemistry, Peptide and medicinal chemistry research laboratory Rani Channamma University, P.B. NH-4 Belagavi 591156 Karnataka
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