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Crisóstomo-Ayala KA, Sabater-Jara AB, Pérez Manriquez C, Ferreres F, Gil-Izquierdo Á, Pedreño MÁ, Hernández de la Torre M, Sanchez-Olate M, Ríos Leal DG. Comparative Study of Metabolomic Profile and Antioxidant Content of Adult and In Vitro Leaves of Aristotelia chilensis. PLANTS 2021; 11:plants11010037. [PMID: 35009040 PMCID: PMC8747544 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to identify the bioactive compounds present in adult maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) leaves from different stages of development and seasons of the year and compare them with leaves obtained from maqui plants grown in vitro. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of maqui leaf extracts by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn showed the presence of different polyphenolic compounds classified into galloyl and caffeoyl quinic acids, ellagitannins and ellagic acid- and flavonoid-derivatives. In general, the total phenolic content of the in vitro samples was higher than that of ex vitro samples, whereas the total flavonoid content was higher in winter basal leaves. Additionally, the analysis by HPLC-MS showed that the extract from spring basal leaves was enriched in quercetin, catechin, kaempferol and 3-caffeoyl quinic acids, while in the in vitro leaves extract, quercetin was not present. As regards lipophilic compounds identified by GC/MS, the samples of in vitro leaves showed a high presence of α-tocopherol and β-sitosterol. In contrast, the samples of adult leaves presented a hight level of linolenic and linoleic acids. These results suggest that maqui leaves could be an excellent source of antioxidants and lipophilic compounds for many industries, such as the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Andrea Crisóstomo-Ayala
- Centro de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C-Correo 3, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (M.H.d.l.T.); (M.S.-O.); (D.G.R.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana Belén Sabater-Jara
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.B.S.-J.); (M.Á.P.)
| | - Claudia Pérez Manriquez
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C, Concepcion 4030000, Chile;
| | - Federico Ferreres
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation (REM) Group, Campus Los Jerónimos, Universidad Católica de Murcia, UCAM, s/n, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Ángel Gil-Izquierdo
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Maria Ángeles Pedreño
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.B.S.-J.); (M.Á.P.)
| | - Martha Hernández de la Torre
- Centro de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C-Correo 3, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (M.H.d.l.T.); (M.S.-O.); (D.G.R.L.)
| | - Manuel Sanchez-Olate
- Centro de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C-Correo 3, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (M.H.d.l.T.); (M.S.-O.); (D.G.R.L.)
| | - Darcy Graciela Ríos Leal
- Centro de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C-Correo 3, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (M.H.d.l.T.); (M.S.-O.); (D.G.R.L.)
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