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Sreeharsha N, Naveen NR, Anitha P, Goudanavar PS, Ramkanth S, Fattepur S, Telsang M, Habeebuddin M, Anwer MK. Development of Nanocrystal Compressed Minitablets for Chronotherapeutic Drug Delivery. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030311. [PMID: 35337109 PMCID: PMC8950040 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work aimed to develop a chronotherapeutic system of valsartan (VS) using nanocrystal formulation to improve dissolution. VS nanocrystals (VS-NC) were fabricated using modified anti-solvent precipitation by employing a Box−Behnken design to optimize various process variables. Based on the desirability approach, a formulation containing 2.5% poloxamer, a freezing temperature of −25 °C, and 24 h of freeze-drying time can fulfill the optimized formulation’s requirements to result in a particle size of 219.68 nm, 0.201 polydispersity index, and zeta potential of −38.26 mV. Optimized VS-NC formulation was compressed (VNM) and coated subsequently with ethyl cellulose and HPMC E 5. At the same time, fast dissolving tablets of VS were designed, and the best formulation was loaded with VNM into a capsule size 1 (average fill weight—400−500 mg, lock length—19.30 mm, external diameter: Cap—6.91 mm; Body—6.63 mm). The final tab in cap (tablet-in-capsule) system was studied for in vitro dissolution profile to confirm the chronotherapeutic release of VS. As required, a bi-pulse release of VS was identified with a lag time of 5 h. The accelerated stability studies confirmed no significant changes in the dissolution profiles of the tab in cap system (f2 similarity profile: >90). To conclude, the tab in cap system was successfully developed to induce a dual pulsatile release, which will ensure bedtime dosing with release after a lag-time to match with early morning circadian spikes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore 560035, Karnataka, India
- Correspondence: (N.S.); (N.R.N.); (S.F.)
| | - Nimbagal Raghavendra Naveen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B.G. Nagar 571448, Karnataka, India;
- Correspondence: (N.S.); (N.R.N.); (S.F.)
| | - Posina Anitha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Annamacharya College of Pharmacy, New Boyanapalli, Rajampet 516126, Andhra Pradesh, India;
| | - Prakash S. Goudanavar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B.G. Nagar 571448, Karnataka, India;
| | - Sundarapandian Ramkanth
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Karpagam College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore 641032, Tamilnadu, India;
| | - Santosh Fattepur
- School of Pharmacy, Management and Science University, Seksyen 13, Shah Alam 40100, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (N.S.); (N.R.N.); (S.F.)
| | - Mallikarjun Telsang
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Habeebuddin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Md. Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
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