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Kumar K, Singh D. Toxicity and bioremediation of the lead: a critical review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:1879-1909. [PMID: 36617394 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2165047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lead is a naturally occurring, bluish-gray metal that is found in small quantities in the earth's crust. The existing literature demonstrates that non-biodegradable character and continuous use results in accumulation of lead concentration in the environment and causes various ill effects such as neurotoxicity, change in psychological and behavioral development of different organisms. Nowadays the most effective technique in the revival of the environment is bioremediation and it is environmentally friendly and cost-effective. Bacterial strains such as Oceanobacillus profundus and Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC4356 have the ability to reduce lead 97% and 73.9%, respectively. Similarly some species of algae and fungal strains also showed lead removal efficiency as 74% (spirulina), 97.1% (Chlorella kessleri), 95.5% (Penicillium janthinillum) and 86% (Aspergillus flavus). Biodegradation of lead by various microbes would be the most efficient and sustainable approach. This review focuses on toxicity, fate of lead in the environment and its microbial degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushhal Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani, Samba, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Devinder Singh
- Department of Zoology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
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K S, T M, Biswas A, T MS. Remediation potential of mushrooms and their spent substrate against environmental contaminants: An overview. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Li X, Guo Y, Cai J, Bao W. Experimental study on the treatment of acid mine drainage containing heavy metals with domestic waste pyrolysis ash. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 85:3225-3239. [PMID: 35704407 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a special kind of acidic wastewater produced in the process of mining and utilization. In this study, AMD was treated using the adsorption method. Domestic waste was prepared by pyrolysis, and the resulting waste pyrolysis ash adsorbent was studied experimentally by a static adsorption test to treat metal ions in AMD. The results showed that the maximum adsorption amounts of Zn2+, Cu2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cd2+ reached 0.425, 0.593, 0.498, 18.519, 0.055, and 0.039 mg/g, respectively, when the amount of pyrolysis ash was added at 30 g/L, the initial pH of the water was 4.1 and the reaction time was 150 min. It was found that the waste pyrolysis ash could be reused at least three times by using Na2S as the regeneration agent. The SEM and BET characterization results prove that its large specific surface areas and well-developed pore structures have the potential to promote the adsorption of metal ions. The pseudo-second-order kinetic equation and Freundlich adsorption isotherms fit the adsorption process well, and the experiments reveal that the metal ions in AMD are well treated by waste pyrolysis ash through adsorption, flocculation and chemical precipitation. Waste pyrolysis ash has great potential for the treatment of acid mine drainage, providing a new approach to solid waste disposal and new ideas for water treatment as a low-cost alternative material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Li
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China E-mail:
| | - Yanwen Guo
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China E-mail:
| | - Jieying Cai
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Bao
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China E-mail:
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Yang Y, Li L, Sun S, Lin E, Xiao J. Anaerobically fermented spent mushroom substrates improve nitrogen removal and lead (II) adsorption. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 83:1691-1702. [PMID: 33843752 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, spent mushroom substrates (SMSs) were fermented anaerobically at room temperature to gain liquid SMSs (LSMSs) that were used to remove nitrogen from the piggery wastewater with a low C/N ratio in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and solid SMSs (SSMSs) that were utilized to adsorb Pb2+ from Pb2+-containing wastewater in a fixed-bed reactor (FBR). After LSMSs supplement, the removal efficiency of both total nitrogen (TN) and NH+4-N increased from around 50% to 60-80%. High-throughput sequencing results presented an obvious change in microbial diversity, and some functional microorganisms like Zoogloea and Hydrogenophaga predominated to promote nitrogen removal. Pb2+ did not emerge from the effluent until 240 min with the corresponding concentration being less than 3 mg/L when using 30-day SSMSs as adsorbents, and it was demonstrated to be appropriate to use the Thomas model to predict Pb2+ sorption on SSMSs. Although various functional groups played a role in binding ions, the carboxyl group was proved to contribute most to Pb2+ adsorption. These results certified that the anaerobically fermented SMSs are decidedly suitable for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China E-mail: ; College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuhzou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Ling Li
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China E-mail: ; College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuhzou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Shuqian Sun
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuhzou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Ershu Lin
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuhzou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Jibo Xiao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China E-mail: ; Wenzhou Chuangyuan Environment Technology Co. Ltd., Wenzhou 325036, Zhejiang, China
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Bioremediation of Waste Water to Remove Heavy Metals Using the Spent Mushroom Substrate of Agaricus bisporus. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11030454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The presence of heavy metals in waste water brings serious environmental pollution that threatens human health and the ecosystem. Bioremediation of heavy metals has received considerable and growing interest over the years. Thus, this paper presents the use of the Spent Mushroom Substrate (SMS) of Agaricus bisporus cultivation as a bioremediating agent to remove heavy metals that are present in industrial waters. These metals include chromium, lead, iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, zinc, copper and aluminium. In particular, this study analyses the performance of SMS bioreactors with different groups of heavy metals at various concentrations. Between 80% and 98% of all contaminants that were analysed can be removed with 5 kg of SMS at hydraulic retention times of 10 and 100 days. The best removal efficiencies and longevities were achieved when removing iron (III), nickel and cobalt from contaminated water at a pH of 2.5. These results suggest that SMS can successfully treat waste water that has been contaminated with heavy metals.
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Ablouh EH, Essaghraoui A, Eladlani N, Rhazi M, Taourirte M. Uptake of Pb(II) onto nanochitosan/sodium alginate hybrid beads: Mechanism and kinetics study. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2019; 91:239-249. [PMID: 30624837 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanochitosan/sodium alginate (NCS/SA) beads were prepared using nanochitosan and alginate as a high-performance absorbent for Pb(II) removal from aqueous solution. The morphology, structure, thermal stability, surface area, and elements present in the NCS/SA beads before and after adsorption were characterized using instrumental techniques like SEM, FTIR, TGA, BET, and EDX analysis, respectively. Various adsorption parameters were studied. The results indicated that the equilibrium adsorption data were fitted to Langmuir isotherms and the maximum Langmuir monolayer capacity of Pb(II) was 178.57 mg/g at 45°C. The adsorption process was in good agreement with pseudo-first-order kinetic model. Mechanism studies showed that electrostatic interaction and ion exchange were the major mechanisms for lead (II) removal by the NCS/SA beads. The results of this study indicate that NCS/SA beads could be used as an effective adsorbent for the elimination of lead (II) present in aqueous solution. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Nanochitosan/sodium alginate beads were synthesized using Ca2+ as a crosslinking agent. NCS/SA beads were used to remove Pb(II) for the first time and working parameters were optimized. Adsorption monolayer capacity of NCS/SA adsorbent towards Pb (II) was found to be 178.57 mg/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Houssaine Ablouh
- Laboratory of Bioorganic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
- Team of Natural Macromolecules, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Abderrazzaq Essaghraoui
- Laboratory of Bioorganic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Nadia Eladlani
- Team of Natural Macromolecules, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Rhazi
- Team of Natural Macromolecules, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Moha Taourirte
- Laboratory of Bioorganic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
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Cai CX, Xu J, Deng NF, Dong XW, Tang H, Liang Y, Fan XW, Li YZ. A novel approach of utilization of the fungal conidia biomass to remove heavy metals from the aqueous solution through immobilization. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36546. [PMID: 27848987 PMCID: PMC5111076 DOI: 10.1038/srep36546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The biomass of filamentous fungi is an important cost-effective biomass for heavy metal biosorption. However, use of free fungal cells can cause difficulties in the separation of biomass from the effluent. In this study, we immobilized the living conidia of the heavy metal-resistant Penicillium janthinillum strain GXCR by polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-sodium alginate (SA) beads to remove heavy metals from an aqueous solution containing a low concentration (70 mg/L) of Cu, Pb, and Cd. The PVA-SA-conidia beads showed perfect characters of appropriate mechanical strength suitable for metal removal from the dynamic wastewater environment, an ideal settleability, easy separation from the solution, and a high metal biosorption and removal rate even after four cycles of successive sorption-desorption of the beads, overcoming disadvantages when fungal biomasses alone are used for heavy metal removal from wastewater. We also discuss the major biosorption-affecting factors, biosorption models, and biosorption mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering; College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering; College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Nian-Fang Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering; College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
- Hezhou University, 18 Xihuan Road, Hezhou, Guangxi 54289, P. C. China
| | - Xue-Wei Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering; College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Hao Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering; College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering; College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering; College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - You-Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering; College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
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An B, Lee CG, Song MK, Ryu JC, Lee S, Park SJ, Zhao D, Kim SB, Park C, Lee SH, Hong SW, Choi JW. Applicability and toxicity evaluation of an adsorbent based on jujube for the removal of toxic heavy metals. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhu C, Li Z, Li D, Xin Y. Pb tolerance and bioaccumulation by the mycelia of Flammulina velutipes in artificial enrichment medium. J Microbiol 2014; 52:8-12. [PMID: 24390832 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-014-2560-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Mushrooms have the ability to accumulate high concentrations of heavy metals, which gives them potential for use as bioremediators of environmental contamination. The Pb(2+) tolerance and accumulation ability of living mycelia of Flammulina velutipes were studied in this work. Mycelial growth was inhibited when exposed to 1 mM Pb(2+). The colony diameter on solid medium decreased almost 10% compared with the control. Growth decreased almost 50% when the Pb(2+) concentration increased to 4 mM in the medium, with the colony diameter decreasing from 80 mm to 43.4 mm, and dry biomass production in liquid cultures decreasing from 9.23±0.55 to 4.27±0.28 g/L. Lead ions were efficiently accumulated in the mycelia. The amount of Pb(2+) in the mycelia increased with increasing Pb(2+) concentration in the medium, with the maximum concentration up to 707±91.4 mg/kg dry weight. We also show evidence that a large amount of the Pb(2+) was adsorbed to the mycelial surface, which may indicate that an exclusion mechanism is involved in Pb tolerance. These results demonstrate that F. velutipes could be useful as a remediator of heavy metal contamination because of the characteristics of high tolerance to Pb(2+) and efficient accumulation of Pb(2+) ions by the mycelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Zhu
- College of Life Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, 233100, P. R. China,
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