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Yokota C, Nakata J, Takano K, Nakajima H, Hayashibara H, Minagawa H, Chiba Y, Hirayama R, Kijima N, Kinoshita M, Hashii Y, Tsuboi A, Oka Y, Oji Y, Kumanogoh A, Sugiyama H, Kagawa N, Kishima H. Distinct difference in tumor-infiltrating immune cells between Wilms' tumor gene 1 peptide vaccine and anti-programmed cell death-1 antibody therapies. Neurooncol Adv 2021; 3:vdab091. [PMID: 34355173 PMCID: PMC8331049 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Wilms’ tumor gene 1 (WT1) peptide vaccine and anti-programmed cell death-1 (anti-PD-1) antibody are expected as immunotherapies to improve the clinical outcome of glioblastoma. The aims of this study were to clarify how each immunotherapy affects tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIIs) and to determine whether the combination of these two therapies could synergistically work. Methods Mice were transplanted with WT1 and programmed cell death-ligand 1 doubly expressing glioblastoma cells into brain followed by treatment with WT1 peptide vaccine, anti-PD-1 antibody, or the combination of the two, and survival of each therapy was compared. CD45+ cells were positively selected as TIIs from the brains with tumors, and TIIs were compared between WT1 peptide vaccine and anti-PD-1 antibody therapies. Results Most mice seemed to be cured by the combination therapy with WT1 peptide vaccine and anti-PD-1 antibody, which was much better survival than each monotherapy. A large number of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and NK cells including WT1-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells infiltrated into the glioblastoma in WT1 peptide vaccine-treated mice. On the other hand, the number of TIIs did not increase, but instead PD-1 molecule expression was decreased on the majority of the tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells in the anti-PD-1 antibody-treated mice. Conclusion Our results clearly demonstrated that WT1 peptide vaccine and anti-PD-1 antibody therapies worked in the different steps of cancer-immunity cycle and that the combination of the two therapies could work synergistically against glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Yokota
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Nakata
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Takano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroko Nakajima
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiromu Hayashibara
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hikaru Minagawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Chiba
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Izumi, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Hirayama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kijima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Manabu Kinoshita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Hashii
- Department of Cancer Immunotherapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tsuboi
- Department of Cancer Immunotherapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Oka
- Department of Cancer Stem Cell Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Immunopathology, WP1 Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Oji
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Immunopathology, WP1 Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruo Sugiyama
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Kagawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Kishima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Golán I, Rodríguez de la Fuente L, Costoya JA. NK Cell-Based Glioblastoma Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E522. [PMID: 30567306 PMCID: PMC6315402 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10120522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most aggressive and most common malignant primary brain tumor diagnosed in adults. GB shows a poor prognosis and, unfortunately, current therapies are unable to improve its clinical outcome, imposing the need for innovative therapeutic approaches. The main reason for the poor prognosis is the great cell heterogeneity of the tumor mass and its high capacity for invading healthy tissues. Moreover, the glioblastoma microenvironment is capable of suppressing the action of the immune system through several mechanisms such as recruitment of cell modulators. Development of new therapies that avoid this immune evasion could improve the response to the current treatments for this pathology. Natural Killer (NK) cells are cellular components of the immune system more difficult to deceive by tumor cells and with greater cytotoxic activity. Their use in immunotherapy gains strength because they are a less toxic alternative to existing therapy, but the current research focuses on mimicking the NK attack strategy. Here, we summarize the most recent studies regarding molecular mechanisms involved in the GB and immune cells interaction and highlight the relevance of NK cells in the new therapeutic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Golán
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory MOL, Departamento de Fisioloxia, CiMUS, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, IDIS, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Laura Rodríguez de la Fuente
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory MOL, Departamento de Fisioloxia, CiMUS, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, IDIS, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Jose A Costoya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory MOL, Departamento de Fisioloxia, CiMUS, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, IDIS, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Camacho-Urkaray E, Santos-Juanes J, Gutiérrez-Corres FB, García B, Quirós LM, Guerra-Merino I, Aguirre JJ, Fernández-Vega I. Establishing cut-off points with clinical relevance for bcl-2, cyclin D1, p16, p21, p27, p53, Sox11 and WT1 expression in glioblastoma - a short report. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2017; 41:213-221. [PMID: 29218546 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-017-0362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastoma (GBM) ranks among the most challenging cancers to treat and there is an urgent need for clinically relevant prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. Here, we set out to investigate the expression of eight proteins (bcl-2, cyclin D1, p16, p21, p27, p53, Sox11 and WT1) in GBM with the specific aim to establish immunohistochemistry cut-off points with clinical relevance. METHODS Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to examine protein expression in 55 surgical GBM specimens using H-scores, and IHC cut-off points were established using the Cutoff Finder web platform. Protein co-expression and its correlation with histopathological features were assessed, and cases were classified according to IDH1 mutation status. Survival curves were determined using Kaplan-Meier analyses. RESULTS Clinical and molecular parameters found to be correlated with overall survival (OS) were tumor size (r = -0.278; p = 0.048), p53 (r = -0.452; p = 0.001), p16 (r = 0.351; p = 0.012) and Sox11 (r = 0.324; p = 0.020). In addition, we found that tumor size correlated with cyclin D1 (r = -0.282; p = 0.037), p53 (r = 0.269; p = 0.041), Sox11 (r = -0.309; p = 0.022) and WT1 (r = -0.372; p = 0.003). Variables found to be significantly associated with IDH1 mutation status were OS (p < 0.01), age (p < 0.01), cyclin D1 (p = 0.046), p16 (p = 0.019) and Sox11 (p = 0.012). Variables found to be significantly associated with a poor survival were tumor size >5 cm (p < 0.001), bcl-2 score > 40 (p = 0.034), cyclin D1 score ≤ 70 (p = 0.004), p16 score ≤ 130 (p = 0.005), p53 score > 20 (p = 0.003), Sox11 score ≤ 40 (p < 0.001) and WT1 score ≤ 270 (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Correlations between protein biomarkers and main clinical GBM variables were identified. The establishment of distinct biomarker cut-off points may enable clinicians and pathologists to better weigh their prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Camacho-Urkaray
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario de Araba-Txagorritxu, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Jorge Santos-Juanes
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz García
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Luis M Quirós
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Isabel Guerra-Merino
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario de Araba-Txagorritxu, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - José Javier Aguirre
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario de Araba-Txagorritxu, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Iván Fernández-Vega
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario de Araba-Txagorritxu, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain. .,Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. .,Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Oviedo, Spain.
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ISHIKAWA E, YAMAMOTO T, MATSUMURA A. Prospect of Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma: Tumor Vaccine, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Combination Therapy. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2017; 57:321-330. [PMID: 28539528 PMCID: PMC5566705 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.nmc.ra.2016-0334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, clinical trials of various vaccine therapies using autologous tumor antigens or tumor-associated/specific antigen peptide with adjuvants have been performed to treat patients with high-grade gliomas (HGG). Furthermore, immune checkpoint pathway-targeted therapies including anti- programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) antibody have been remarkably effective in other neoplasms, and various clinical trials with anti-PD-1 antibody in patients with HGG have started to date. It is possible that up-regulation of immune checkpoint molecules in tumor tissues after vaccine therapy may be one of the mechanisms of vaccine failure. Multiple preclinical studies indicate that combination therapy with vaccination and immune checkpoint blockade is effective for the treatment of malignant tumors including HGG. Thus, immunotherapy, especially combination therapy with vaccine and immune checkpoint inhibitors, may be a promising strategy for treatment of patients with HGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiichi ISHIKAWA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tetsuya YAMAMOTO
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akira MATSUMURA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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ISHIKAWA E, YAMAMOTO T, MATSUMURA A. Prospect of Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma: Tumor Vaccine, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Combination Therapy. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2017. [PMID: 28539528 PMCID: PMC5566705 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.ra.2016-0334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, clinical trials of various vaccine therapies using autologous tumor antigens or tumor-associated/specific antigen peptide with adjuvants have been performed to treat patients with high-grade gliomas (HGG). Furthermore, immune checkpoint pathway-targeted therapies including anti- programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) antibody have been remarkably effective in other neoplasms, and various clinical trials with anti-PD-1 antibody in patients with HGG have started to date. It is possible that up-regulation of immune checkpoint molecules in tumor tissues after vaccine therapy may be one of the mechanisms of vaccine failure. Multiple preclinical studies indicate that combination therapy with vaccination and immune checkpoint blockade is effective for the treatment of malignant tumors including HGG. Thus, immunotherapy, especially combination therapy with vaccine and immune checkpoint inhibitors, may be a promising strategy for treatment of patients with HGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiichi ISHIKAWA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan,Address reprint requests to: Eiichi Ishikawa, MD, PhD, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan. e-mail:
| | - Tetsuya YAMAMOTO
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akira MATSUMURA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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