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Aguilera A, Berdun F, Bartoli C, Steelheart C, Alegre M, Bayir H, Tyurina YY, Kagan VE, Salerno G, Pagnussat G, Martin MV. C-ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death in cyanobacteria. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:212878. [PMID: 34817556 PMCID: PMC8624678 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201911005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an oxidative and iron-dependent form of regulated cell death (RCD) recently described in eukaryotic organisms like animals, plants, and parasites. Here, we report that a similar process takes place in the photosynthetic prokaryote Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 in response to heat stress. After a heat shock, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 cells undergo a cell death pathway that can be suppressed by the canonical ferroptosis inhibitors, CPX, vitamin E, Fer-1, liproxstatin-1, glutathione (GSH), or ascorbic acid (AsA). Moreover, as described for eukaryotic ferroptosis, this pathway is characterized by an early depletion of the antioxidants GSH and AsA, and by lipid peroxidation. These results indicate that all of the hallmarks described for eukaryotic ferroptosis are conserved in photosynthetic prokaryotes and suggest that ferroptosis might be an ancient cell death program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabella Aguilera
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC-CONICET), Fundación para Investigaciones Biológicas Aplicadas (CIB-FIBA), Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Federico Berdun
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC-CONICET), Fundación para Investigaciones Biológicas Aplicadas (CIB-FIBA), Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Carlos Bartoli
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE), Facultades de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales y de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Charlotte Steelheart
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE), Facultades de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales y de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Matías Alegre
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE), Facultades de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales y de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Hülya Bayir
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Children's Neuroscience Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, Chemistry, Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Yulia Y Tyurina
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, Chemistry, Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- Children's Neuroscience Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, Chemistry, Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Institute for Regenerative Medicine, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Graciela Salerno
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC-CONICET), Fundación para Investigaciones Biológicas Aplicadas (CIB-FIBA), Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Pagnussat
- Instituto de investigaciones Biológicas IIB-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Martin
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología (INBIOTEC-CONICET), Fundación para Investigaciones Biológicas Aplicadas (CIB-FIBA), Mar del Plata, Argentina
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Younis NS, Mohamed ME, El Semary NA. Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by the Cyanobacteria Synechocystis sp.: Characterization, Antimicrobial and Diabetic Wound-Healing Actions. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:56. [PMID: 35049911 PMCID: PMC8781738 DOI: 10.3390/md20010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Green nanotechnology is now accepted as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective advance with various biomedical applications. The cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. is a unicellular spherical cyanobacterium with photo- and hetero-trophic capabilities. This study investigates the ability of this cyanobacterial species to produce silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and the wound-healing properties of the produced nanoparticles in diabetic animals. METHODS UV-visible and FT-IR spectroscopy and and electron microscopy techniques investigated AgNPs' producibility by Synechocystis sp. when supplemented with silver ion source. The produced AgNPs were evaluated for their antimicrobial, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and diabetic wound healing along with their angiogenesis potential. RESULTS The cyanobacterium biosynthesized spherical AgNPs with a diameter range of 10 to 35 nm. The produced AgNPs exhibited wound-healing properties verified with increased contraction percentage, tensile strength and hydroxyproline level in incision diabetic wounded animals. AgNPs treatment decreased epithelialization period, amplified the wound closure percentage, and elevated collagen, hydroxyproline and hexosamine contents, which improved angiogenesis factors' contents (HIF-1α, TGF-β1 and VEGF) in excision wound models. AgNPs intensified catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, and glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide content and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) level. IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-κB (the inflammatory mediators) were decreased with AgNPs' topical application. CONCLUSION Biosynthesized AgNPs via Synechocystis sp. exhibited antimicrobial, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and angiogenesis promoting effects in diabetic wounded animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy S. Younis
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Maged E. Mohamed
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Nermin A. El Semary
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt
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