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de Carvalho MR, Duarte EF, Mendonça MLM, de Morais CS, Ota GE, Gaspar-Junior JJ, de Oliveira Filiú WF, Damatto FC, Okoshi MP, Okoshi K, Oliveira RJ, Martinez PF, de Oliveira-Junior SA. Effects of Creatine Supplementation on the Myostatin Pathway and Myosin Heavy Chain Isoforms in Different Skeletal Muscles of Resistance-Trained Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:2224. [PMID: 37432386 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Creatine has been used to maximize resistance training effects on skeletal muscles, including muscle hypertrophy and fiber type changes. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of creatine supplementation on the myostatin pathway and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms in the slow- and fast-twitch muscles of resistance-trained rats. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: a sedentary control (Cc), sedentary creatine supplementation (Cr), resistance training (Tc), and resistance training combined with creatine supplementation (Tcr). Cc and Tc received standard commercial chow; Cr and Tcr received a 2% creatine-supplemented diet. Tc and Tcr performed a resistance training protocol on a ladder for 12 weeks. Morphology, MyHC isoforms, myostatin, follistatin, and ActRIIB protein expressions were analyzed in soleus and white gastrocnemius portion samples. The results were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. Tc and Tcr exhibited higher performance than their control counterparts. Resistance training increased the ratio between muscle and body weight, the cross-sectional area, as well as the interstitial collagen fraction. Resistance training alone increased MyHC IIx and follistatin while reducing myostatin (p < 0.001) and ActRIIB (p = 0.040) expressions in the gastrocnemius. Resistance training induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy and interstitial remodeling, which are more evident in the gastrocnemius muscle. The effects were not impacted by creatine supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Rabelo de Carvalho
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwestern Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
| | - Ellen Fernandes Duarte
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwestern Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
| | - Maria Lua Marques Mendonça
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwestern Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
| | - Camila Souza de Morais
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwestern Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Elias Ota
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwestern Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
| | - Jair José Gaspar-Junior
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwestern Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
| | - Wander Fernando de Oliveira Filiú
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Cesar Damatto
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina Politi Okoshi
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
| | - Katashi Okoshi
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwestern Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
| | - Paula Felippe Martinez
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwestern Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
| | - Silvio Assis de Oliveira-Junior
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwestern Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
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Tang S, Xie J, Zhang S, Wu W, Yi B, Zhang H. Atmospheric Ammonia Affects Myofiber Development and Lipid Metabolism in Growing Pig Muscle. Animals (Basel) 2019; 10:ani10010002. [PMID: 31861338 PMCID: PMC7022806 DOI: 10.3390/ani10010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ammonia, an aerial pollutant in animal facilities, affects animal health. Recent studies showed that aerial ammonia negatively impacts meat quality but the mechanism remains unknown. To understand how ammonia drives its adverse effects on pig meat quality, 18 crossbred gilts were exposed to 0, 10 or 25 mg/m3 ammonia for 25 days. Ammonia exposure increased fat content in the Longissimus dorsi muscle, and meat color got lighter after 25 mg/m3 ammonia exposure. Analysis of MyHC isoforms showed an increased MyHC IIx but decreased MyHC I after ammonia exposure. Besides, muscular glutamine decreased significantly as aerial ammonia increased. Although hyperammonemia was reported to upregulate MSTN and inhibit downstream mTOR pathway, no changes have been found in the mRNA expression level of MSTN and protein expression level of mTOR signal pathway after ammonia exposure. RNA-Seq showed that 10 mg/m3 ammonia exposure altered genes related to myofiber development (MyoD1, MyoG), whereas 25 mg/m3 ammonia affected genes associated with fatty acid synthesis and β-oxidation (SCD, FADS1, FASN, ACADL). Collectively, our findings showed aerial ammonia exposure appears to regulate myofiber development and lipid metabolism in the skeletal muscle, which results in the negative impacts on meat quality in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanlong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 10093, China; (S.T.); (J.X.); (W.W.); (B.Y.)
| | - Jingjing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 10093, China; (S.T.); (J.X.); (W.W.); (B.Y.)
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
| | - Weida Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 10093, China; (S.T.); (J.X.); (W.W.); (B.Y.)
| | - Bao Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 10093, China; (S.T.); (J.X.); (W.W.); (B.Y.)
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 10093, China; (S.T.); (J.X.); (W.W.); (B.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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Isaacs J, Feger MA, Mallu S, Yager D, Shall M, Patel G, Protzuk O, Graham L. Viral vector delivery of follistatin enhances recovery of reinnervated muscle. Muscle Nerve 2019; 60:474-483. [PMID: 31365129 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Poor recovery following nerve repair is due to progressive temporal loss of muscle function. Follistatin (FS), a glycoprotein with anabolic properties, may enhance muscle recovery following reinnervation. METHODS Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent temporary (3 or 6 month) denervation or sham denervation. After reinnervation, rats were administered adeno-associated viral vectors expressing FS deoxyribonucleic acid (isoform FS-317) injected into the target muscle or sham treatment. Final assessment included muscle function testing, muscle histomorphology, nerve histomorphology, and FS protein quantification. RESULTS FS improved muscle mass and type IIB muscle fiber size, and increased G-ratios and mean axon diameter in the 6-month temporary denervation group (P < .05). Elevated FS protein levels were detected in treated muscle (P < .05). FS increased satellite cell counts following temporary denervation and repair (P < .05). DISCUSSION FS treatment had anabolic, neurotrophic, and satellite cell stimulatory effects when administered following prolonged (6-month) temporary denervation and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Isaacs
- Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Mark A Feger
- Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Satya Mallu
- Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Dorne Yager
- Divison of Plastic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Mary Shall
- Department of Physical Therapy, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Gaurangkumar Patel
- Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Omar Protzuk
- Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Lindsay Graham
- Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia
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Lixin L, Juan W, Yun B, Jingwei L, Xiuju Y, Xiaomao L, Zhiwei Z, Xiaoyan H, Yanjun D, Hongquan L, Haidong W. Effect of Hypoxia on the Muscle Fiber Switching Signal Pathways CnA/NFATc1 and Myostatin in Mouse Myocytes. Acta Histochem 2019; 121:539-545. [PMID: 31047685 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of a CoCl2-simulated hypoxic environment on the muscle fiber switching signaling pathways calcineurin A/nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 (CnA/NFATc1) and myostatin. In this study, C2C12 muscle cells were cultured in vitro under CoCl2-simulated chemical hypoxic conditions, the expression levels of CnA and myostatin were detected through qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses, and a positioning study of NFATc1 was carried out by immunofluorescence labeling. Results showed that CoCl2 treatment significantly increased the expression levels of CnA and myostatin. Moreover, the position of NFATc1 expression changed; actually, its expression in the nucleus considerably increased. Furthermore, CoCl2-induced hypoxia inhibited the differentiation of C2C12 cells and reduced the expression levels of many slow- and fast-twitch muscles marker genes, but immunofluorescence staining results showed that the proportion of MyHC I type muscle fiber increased after CoCl2 treatment. The hypoxic environment simulated by CoCl2 can activate the signaling pathways CnA/NFATc1 and myostatin and increases the proportion of MyHC I type muscle fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lixin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China.
| | - Wang Juan
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hosptial, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 100, Haining Road, Shanghai 200080, China.
| | - Bai Yun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China.
| | - Li Jingwei
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China.
| | - Yu Xiuju
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China.
| | - Luo Xiaomao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China.
| | - Zhu Zhiwei
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China.
| | - He Xiaoyan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China.
| | - Dong Yanjun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian 100193, Beijing, China.
| | - Li Hongquan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China.
| | - Wang Haidong
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China.
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Takahashi H, Sato K, Yamaguchi T, Miyake M, Watanabe H, Nagasawa Y, Kitagawa E, Terada S, Urakawa M, Rose MT, McMahon CD, Watanabe K, Ohwada S, Gotoh T, Aso H. Myostatin alters glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) expression in bovine skeletal muscles and myoblasts isolated from double-muscled (DM) and normal-muscled (NM) Japanese shorthorn cattle. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2014; 48:62-8. [PMID: 24906930 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether myostatin alters glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) expression in bovine skeletal muscles and myoblasts isolated from double-muscled (DM) and normal-muscled (NM) Japanese Shorthorn cattle. Plasma concentrations of glucose were lower in DM cattle than in NM cattle (P < 0.01). The expression of GLUT4 messenger RNA (mRNA) in the skeletal muscle ex vivo and in myoblasts at 72 h after differentiation in vitro was higher in DM cattle than in NM cattle (P < 0.01). In contrast, the NM and DM cattle did not differ with respect to skeletal muscle expression of GLUT1 and myocyte enhancer factor-2c (MEF2c), a transcription factor of GLUT4. In differentiated myoblasts, the expression of GLUT1, GLUT4, and MEF2c mRNAs was greater in DM cattle than in NM cattle (P < 0.01). In the presence and absence of insulin, glucose uptake in myoblasts was increased in DM cattle relative to that of NM cattle (P < 0.01). The addition of myostatin decreased the expression of GLUT4 and MEF2c mRNAs in DM myoblasts (P < 0.05). Results of the present study suggest that myostatin inhibits the expression of GLUT4 mRNA possibly via MEF2c and that the greater ability of the DM cattle to produce muscle relative to the NM cattle may be due to their greater sensitivity to insulin and greater use of glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Takahashi
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Japan; Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate school, Kuju Agricultural Research Center, Kyushu University, Kuju-cho, Taketa-shi, Japan
| | - K Sato
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Japan
| | - T Yamaguchi
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Japan
| | - M Miyake
- Genome Research, Tokushima University, Kuramoto-machi, Tokushima-shi, Japan
| | - H Watanabe
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Japan
| | - Y Nagasawa
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Japan
| | - E Kitagawa
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Japan
| | - S Terada
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Japan
| | - M Urakawa
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Japan
| | - M T Rose
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Cardiganshire, SY23 3DA, UK
| | - C D McMahon
- Institute for Growth Physiology Group, AgResearch Ltd, Private Bag 3123, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - K Watanabe
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Japan
| | - S Ohwada
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Japan
| | - T Gotoh
- Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate school, Kuju Agricultural Research Center, Kyushu University, Kuju-cho, Taketa-shi, Japan
| | - H Aso
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Japan.
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Chiu CS, Peekhaus N, Weber H, Adamski S, Murray EM, Zhang HZ, Zhao JZ, Ernst R, Lineberger J, Huang L, Hampton R, Arnold BA, Vitelli S, Hamuro L, Wang WR, Wei N, Dillon GM, Miao J, Alves SE, Glantschnig H, Wang F, Wilkinson HA. Increased Muscle Force Production and Bone Mineral Density in ActRIIB-Fc-Treated Mature Rodents. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2013; 68:1181-92. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glt030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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7
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Iwasaki S, Miyake M, Hayashi S, Watanabe H, Nagasawa Y, Terada S, Watanabe K, Ohwada S, Kitazawa H, Rose MT, Aso H. Effect of Myostatin on Chemokine Expression in Regenerating Skeletal Muscle Cells. Cells Tissues Organs 2013; 198:66-74. [DOI: 10.1159/000351462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Fiems LO. Double Muscling in Cattle: Genes, Husbandry, Carcasses and Meat. Animals (Basel) 2012; 2:472-506. [PMID: 26487034 PMCID: PMC4494293 DOI: 10.3390/ani2030472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Revised: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular biology has enabled the identification of the mechanisms whereby inactive myostatin increases skeletal muscle growth in double-muscled (DM) animals. Myostatin is a secreted growth differentiation factor belonging to the transforming growth factor-β superfamily. Mutations make the myostatin gene inactive, resulting in muscle hypertrophy. The relationship between the different characteristics of DM cattle are defined with possible consequences for livestock husbandry. The extremely high carcass yield of DM animals coincides with a reduction in the size of most vital organs. As a consequence, DM animals may be more susceptible to respiratory disease, urolithiasis, lameness, nutritional stress, heat stress and dystocia, resulting in a lower robustness. Their feed intake capacity is reduced, necessitating a diet with a greater nutrient density. The modified myofiber type is responsible for a lower capillary density, and it induces a more glycolytic metabolism. There are associated changes for the living animal and post-mortem metabolism alterations, requiring appropriate slaughter conditions to maintain a high meat quality. Intramuscular fat content is low, and it is characterized by more unsaturated fatty acids, providing healthier meat for the consumer. It may not always be easy to find a balance between the different disciplines underlying the livestock husbandry of DM animals to realize a good performance and health and meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo O Fiems
- Animal Sciences Unit, The Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Scheldeweg 68, B-9090 Melle, Belgium.
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MIYAKE M, HAYASHI S, TAKETA Y, IWASAKI S, WATANABE K, OHWADA S, ASO H, YAMAGUCHI T. Myostatin down-regulates the IGF-2 expression via ALK-Smad signaling during myogenesis in cattle. Anim Sci J 2010; 81:223-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2009.00725.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gilson H, Schakman O, Kalista S, Lause P, Tsuchida K, Thissen JP. Follistatin induces muscle hypertrophy through satellite cell proliferation and inhibition of both myostatin and activin. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2009; 297:E157-64. [PMID: 19435857 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00193.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Follistatin (FS) inhibits several members of the TGF-beta superfamily, including myostatin (Mstn), a negative regulator of muscle growth. Mstn inhibition by FS represents a potential therapeutic approach of muscle atrophy. The aim of our study was to investigate the mechanisms of the FS-induced muscle hypertrophy. To test the role of satellite cells in the FS effect, we used irradiation to destroy their proliferative capacity. FS overexpression increased the muscle weight by about 37% in control animals, but the increase reached only 20% in irradiated muscle, supporting the role of cell proliferation in the FS-induced hypertrophy. Surprisingly, the muscle hypertrophy caused by FS reached the same magnitude in Mstn-KO as in WT mice, suggesting that Mstn might not be the only ligand of FS involved in the regulation of muscle mass. To assess the role of activin (Act), another FS ligand, in the FS-induced hypertrophy, we electroporated FSI-I, a FS mutant that does not bind Act with high affinity. Whereas FS electroporation increased muscle weight by 32%, the muscle weight gain induced by FSI-I reached only 14%. Furthermore, in Mstn-KO mice, FSI-I overexpression failed to induce hypertrophy, in contrast to FS. Therefore, these results suggest that Act inhibition may contribute to FS-induced hypertrophy. Finally, the role of Act as a regulator of muscle mass was supported by the observation that ActA overexpression induced muscle weight loss (-15%). In conclusion, our results show that satellite cell proliferation and both Mstn and Act inhibition are involved in the FS-induced muscle hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Gilson
- Unité de Diabétologie et Nutrition, Université Catholique de Louvain, 54 Ave. Hippocrate, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium.
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Regulation of slow and fast muscle myofibrillogenesis by Wnt/beta-catenin and myostatin signaling. PLoS One 2009; 4:e5880. [PMID: 19517013 PMCID: PMC2690692 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Deviation from proper muscle development or homeostasis results in various myopathic conditions. Employing genetic as well as chemical intervention, we provide evidence that a tight regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is essential for muscle fiber growth and maintenance. In zebrafish embryos, gain-of-Wnt/β-catenin function results in unscheduled muscle progenitor proliferation, leading to slow and fast muscle hypertrophy accompanied by fast muscle degeneration. The effects of Wnt/β-catenin signaling on fast muscle hypertrophy were rescued by misexpression of Myostatin or p21CIP/WAF, establishing an in vivo regulation of myofibrillogenesis by Wnt/β-catenin signaling and Myostatin. Epistatic analyses suggest a possible genetic interaction between Wnt/β-catenin and Myostatin in regulation of slow and fast twitch muscle myofibrillogenesis.
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