1
|
Mehrotra S, Sharma S, Pandey RK. A journey from omics to clinicomics in solid cancers: Success stories and challenges. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2024; 139:89-139. [PMID: 38448145 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The word 'cancer' encompasses a heterogenous group of distinct disease types characterized by a spectrum of pathological features, genetic alterations and response to therapies. According to the World Health Organization, cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, responsible for one in six deaths and hence imposes a significant burden on global healthcare systems. High-throughput omics technologies combined with advanced imaging tools, have revolutionized our ability to interrogate the molecular landscape of tumors and has provided unprecedented understanding of the disease. Yet, there is a gap between basic research discoveries and their translation into clinically meaningful therapies for improving patient care. To bridge this gap, there is a need to analyse the vast amounts of high dimensional datasets from multi-omics platforms. The integration of multi-omics data with clinical information like patient history, histological examination and imaging has led to the novel concept of clinicomics and may expedite the bench-to-bedside transition in cancer. The journey from omics to clinicomics has gained momentum with development of radiomics which involves extracting quantitative features from medical imaging data with the help of deep learning and artificial intelligence (AI) tools. These features capture detailed information about the tumor's shape, texture, intensity, and spatial distribution. Together, the related fields of multiomics, translational bioinformatics, radiomics and clinicomics may provide evidence-based recommendations tailored to the individual cancer patient's molecular profile and clinical characteristics. In this chapter, we summarize multiomics studies in solid cancers with a specific focus on breast cancer. We also review machine learning and AI based algorithms and their use in cancer diagnosis, subtyping, prognosis and predicting treatment resistance and relapse.
Collapse
|
2
|
Bouroutzika E, Proikakis S, Theodosiadou EK, Vougas K, Katsafadou AI, Tsangaris GT, Valasi I. Proteomics Analysis of Pregnancy in Ewes under Heat Stress Conditions and Melatonin Administration. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:400. [PMID: 38338042 PMCID: PMC10854642 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is an indoleamine with broad spectrum properties that acts as a regulator of antioxidant and immune response in organisms. In our previous studies, melatonin improved redox status and inflammatory response in pregnant ewes under heat stress conditions. In the present study, using proteomics, the proteins regulated by melatonin during different stages of pregnancy and lambing were assessed. Twenty-two ewes equally divided into two groups, the melatonin (M) (n = 11) and control (C) group (n = 11), participated in the study and were exposed to heat stress during the first months of pregnancy. In the M group, melatonin implants were administered throughout pregnancy, every 40 days, until parturition (a total of four implants per ewe). Blood samples were collected at the beginning of the study simultaneously with the administration of the first melatonin implant (blood samples M1, C1), mating (M2, C2), second implant (M3, C3), fourth implant (M4, C4) and parturition (M5, C5), and MALDI-TOF analysis was performed. The results revealed the existence of 42 extra proteins in samples M2, M3 and M4 and 53 in M5 (sample at parturition) that are linked to melatonin. The biological processes of these proteins refer to boosted immune response, the alleviation of oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, energy metabolism, the protection of the maternal organism and embryo development. This proteomics analysis indicates that melatonin regulates protective mechanisms and controls cell proliferation under exogenous or endogenous stressful stimuli during pregnancy and parturition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Efterpi Bouroutzika
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 43131 Karditsa, Greece; (E.B.); (E.K.T.)
| | - Stavros Proikakis
- Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece;
| | | | - Konstantinos Vougas
- Proteomics Research Unit, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.V.), (G.T.T.)
| | | | - George T. Tsangaris
- Proteomics Research Unit, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.V.), (G.T.T.)
| | - Irene Valasi
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 43131 Karditsa, Greece; (E.B.); (E.K.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Whitham D, Bruno P, Haaker N, Arcaro KF, Pentecost BT, Darie CC. Deciphering a proteomic signature for the early detection of breast cancer from breast milk: the role of quantitative proteomics. Expert Rev Proteomics 2024; 21:81-98. [PMID: 38376826 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2024.2320158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers among women in the United States. Current research regarding breast milk has been focused on the composition and its role in infant growth and development. There is little information about the proteins, immune cells, and epithelial cells present in breast milk which can be indicative of the emergence of BC cells and tumors. AREAS COVERED We summarize all breast milk studies previously done in our group using proteomics. These studies include 1D-PAGE and 2D-PAGE analysis of breast milk samples, which include within woman and across woman comparisons to identify dysregulated proteins in breast milk and the roles of these proteins in both the development of BC and its diagnosis. Our projected outlook for the use of milk for cancer detection is also discussed. EXPERT OPINION Analyzing the samples by multiple methods allows one to interrogate a set of samples with various biochemical methods that complement each other, thus providing a more comprehensive proteome. Complementing methods like 1D-PAGE, 2D-PAGE, in-solution digestion and proteomics analysis with PTM-omics, peptidomics, degradomics, or interactomics will provide a better understanding of the dysregulated proteins, but also the modifications or interactions between these proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Whitham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA
| | - Pathea Bruno
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA
| | - Norman Haaker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA
| | - Kathleen F Arcaro
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Brian T Pentecost
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Costel C Darie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Neagu AN, Whitham D, Seymour L, Haaker N, Pelkey I, Darie CC. Proteomics-Based Identification of Dysregulated Proteins and Biomarker Discovery in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, the Most Common Breast Cancer Subtype. Proteomes 2023; 11:13. [PMID: 37092454 PMCID: PMC10123686 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes11020013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most common histological subtype of malignant breast cancer (BC), and accounts for 70-80% of all invasive BCs. IDC demonstrates great heterogeneity in clinical and histopathological characteristics, prognoses, treatment strategies, gene expressions, and proteomic profiles. Significant proteomic determinants of the progression from intraductal pre-invasive malignant lesions of the breast, which characterize a ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), to IDC, are still poorly identified, validated, and clinically applied. In the era of "6P" medicine, it remains a great challenge to determine which patients should be over-treated versus which need to be actively monitored without aggressive treatment. The major difficulties for designating DCIS to IDC progression may be solved by understanding the integrated genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic bases of invasion. In this review, we showed that multiple proteomics-based techniques, such as LC-MS/MS, MALDI-ToF MS, SELDI-ToF-MS, MALDI-ToF/ToF MS, MALDI-MSI or MasSpec Pen, applied to in-tissue, off-tissue, BC cell lines and liquid biopsies, improve the diagnosis of IDC, as well as its prognosis and treatment monitoring. Classic proteomics strategies that allow the identification of dysregulated protein expressions, biological processes, and interrelated pathway analyses based on aberrant protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks have been improved to perform non-invasive/minimally invasive biomarker detection of early-stage IDC. Thus, in modern surgical oncology, highly sensitive, rapid, and accurate MS-based detection has been coupled with "proteome point sampling" methods that allow for proteomic profiling by in vivo "proteome point characterization", or by minimal tissue removal, for ex vivo accurate differentiation and delimitation of IDC. For the detection of low-molecular-weight proteins and protein fragments in bodily fluids, LC-MS/MS and MALDI-MS techniques may be coupled to enrich and capture methods which allow for the identification of early-stage IDC protein biomarkers that were previously invisible for MS-based techniques. Moreover, the detection and characterization of protein isoforms, including posttranslational modifications of proteins (PTMs), is also essential to emphasize specific molecular mechanisms, and to assure the early-stage detection of IDC of the breast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Narcisa Neagu
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Carol I bvd. No. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Danielle Whitham
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Logan Seymour
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Norman Haaker
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Isabella Pelkey
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Costel C. Darie
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
de Lima-Souza RA, Scarini JF, Lavareze L, Emerick C, Crescencio LR, Domingues RR, Paes Leme AF, Mariz BALA, Bastos DC, Machado RA, Tincani AJ, Del Negro A, Chone CT, Kowalski LP, Egal ESA, Altemani A, Mariano FV. Discovery proteomics reveals potential protein signature associated with malignant phenotype acquisition in pleomorphic adenoma. Oral Dis 2023; 29:1017-1027. [PMID: 34902207 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the proteomic profile of salivary pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) samples and correlate them with the malignant transformation of the PA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty samples (10 PA, 16 CXPA, and 4 residual PA) were microdissected and submitted to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The proteomic data and protein identification were analyzed through LC-MS/MS spectra using the MaxQuant software. RESULTS The proteomic analysis identified and quantified a total of 240 proteins in which 135 were found in PA, residual PA, and CXPA. The shared proteins were divided into six subgroups, and the proteins that showed statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) and fold-change > or <2.5 in one subgroup to another subgroup were included. Seven proteins (Apolipoprotein A-I-APOA1, haptoglobin-HP, protein of the synaptonemal complex 1-SYCP1, anion transport protein of band 3-SLC4A1, subunit μ1 of AP-1 complex-AP1M1, beta subunit of hemoglobin-HBB, and dermcidin-DCD) were classified as potential protein signatures, being HP, AP1M1, and HBB with higher abundance for PA to residual PA, APOA1 with higher abundance for PA to CXPA, SLC4A1 with lower abundance in the PA to CXPA, SYCP1with lower abundance for residual PA to CXPA, and DCD with higher abundance in the CXPA with epithelial differentiation to myoepithelial differentiation. CONCLUSIONS In this work, we demonstrated the comparative proteomic profiling of PA, residual PA, and CXPA, and seven were proposed as protein signatures, some of which may be associated with the malignant phenotype acquisition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reydson Alcides de Lima-Souza
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
- Pathology Department, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - João Figueira Scarini
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
- Pathology Department, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Luccas Lavareze
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
- Pathology Department, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carolina Emerick
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
- Pathology Department, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Lívia Ramalho Crescencio
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
- Pathology Department, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Romênia Ramos Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Adriana Franco Paes Leme
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Débora Campanella Bastos
- Morphology Department, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Renato Assis Machado
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
- Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo (HRAC/USP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Alfio José Tincani
- Surgery Department, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - André Del Negro
- Surgery Department, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carlos Takahiro Chone
- Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology Department, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital do Câncer A.C. Camargo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erika Said Abu Egal
- Pathology Department, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Pathology Department, School of Medicine, University of Utah (UU), Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Albina Altemani
- Pathology Department, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Viviane Mariano
- Pathology Department, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Piletska E, Thompson D, Jones R, Cruz AG, Poblocka M, Canfarotta F, Norman R, Macip S, Jones DJL, Piletsky S. Snapshot imprinting as a tool for surface mapping and identification of novel biomarkers of senescent cells. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:5304-5311. [PMID: 36540121 PMCID: PMC9724690 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00424k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence has proved to be a strong contributor to ageing and age-related diseases, such as cancer and atherosclerosis. Therefore, the protein content of senescent cells is highly relevant to drug discovery, diagnostics and therapeutic applications. However, current technologies for the analysis of proteins are based on a combination of separation techniques and mass spectrometry, which require handling large sample sizes and a large volume of data and are time-consuming. This limits their application in personalised medicine. An easy, quick and inexpensive procedure is needed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of proteins expressed by a cell or tissue. Here, we describe the use of the "snapshot imprinting" approach for the identification of proteins differentially expressed by senescent cells. Molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (MIPs) were formed in the presence of whole cells. Following trypsinolysis, protein epitopes protected by complex with MIPs were eluted from the nanoparticles and analysed by LC-MS/MS. In this work, "snapshot imprinting" was performed parallel to a standard proteomic "shaving approach", showing similar results. The analysis by "snapshot imprinting" identified three senescent-specific proteins: cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase, partitioning defective three homolog B and putative ATP-dependent RNA helicase DHX57, the abundance of which could potentially make them specific markers of senescence. Identifying biomarkers for the future elimination of senescent cells grants the potential for developing therapeutics for age-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Piletska
- Chemistry Department, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| | - Dana Thompson
- Chemistry Department, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| | - Rebecca Jones
- Chemistry Department, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| | - Alvaro Garcia Cruz
- Chemistry Department, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| | - Marta Poblocka
- Mechanisms of Cancer and Aging Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| | - Francesco Canfarotta
- Chemistry Department, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| | - Rachel Norman
- FoodLab, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya 08018 Barcelona Spain
| | - Salvador Macip
- Mechanisms of Cancer and Aging Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester Leicester LE1 7RH UK
- FoodLab, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya 08018 Barcelona Spain
| | - Donald J L Jones
- Department of Cancer Studies, RKCSB, University of Leicester Leicester LE2 7LX UK
| | - Sergey Piletsky
- Chemistry Department, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
He Y, Chen J, Ma Y, Chen H. Apolipoproteins: New players in cancers. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1051280. [PMID: 36506554 PMCID: PMC9732396 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1051280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoproteins (APOs), the primary protein moiety of lipoproteins, are known for their crucial role in lipid traffic and metabolism. Despite extensive exploration of APOs in cardiovascular diseases, their roles in cancers did not attract enough attention. Recently, research focusing on the roles of APOs in cancers has flourished. Multiple studies demonstrate the interaction of APOs with classical pathways of tumorigenesis. Besides, the dysregulation of APOs may indicate cancer occurrence and progression, thus serving as potential biomarkers for cancer patients. Herein, we summarize the mechanisms of APOs involved in the development of various cancers, their applications as cancer biomarkers and their genetic polymorphism associated with cancer risk. Additionally, we also discuss the potential anti-cancer therapies by virtue of APOs. The comprehensive review of APOs in cancers may advance the understanding of the roles of APOs in cancers and their potential mechanisms. We hope that it will provide novel clues and new therapeutic strategies for cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingcheng He
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China,Medical Department, Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianrui Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China,Medical Department, Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanbing Ma
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China,Medical Department, Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongping Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animals, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China,*Correspondence: Hongping Chen,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Proteomics-Based Identification of Dysregulated Proteins in Breast Cancer. Proteomes 2022; 10:proteomes10040035. [PMID: 36278695 PMCID: PMC9590004 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes10040035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is still widely used as a morphology-based assay for in situ analysis of target proteins as specific tumor antigens. However, as a very heterogeneous collection of neoplastic diseases, breast cancer (BC) requires an accurate identification and characterization of larger panels of candidate biomarkers, beyond ER, PR, and HER2 proteins, for diagnosis and personalized treatment, without the limited availability of antibodies that are required to identify specific proteins. Top-down, middle-down, and bottom-up mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics approaches complement traditional histopathological tissue analysis to examine expression, modification, and interaction of hundreds to thousands of proteins simultaneously. In this review, we discuss the proteomics-based identification of dysregulated proteins in BC that are essential for the following issues: discovery and validation of new biomarkers by analysis of solid and liquid/non-invasive biopsies, cell lines, organoids and xenograft models; identification of panels of biomarkers for early detection and accurate discrimination between cancer, benign and normal tissues; identification of subtype-specific and stage-specific protein expression profiles in BC grading and measurement of disease progression; characterization of new subtypes of BC; characterization and quantitation of post-translational modifications (PTMs) and aberrant protein-protein interactions (PPI) involved in tumor development; characterization of the global remodeling of BC tissue homeostasis, diagnosis and prognostic information; and deciphering of molecular functions, biological processes and mechanisms through which the dysregulated proteins cause tumor initiation, invasion, and treatment resistance.
Collapse
|
9
|
The Role of ApoE Serum Levels and ApoE Gene Polymorphisms in Patients with Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12081013. [PMID: 35892323 PMCID: PMC9331506 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that the inflammatory ApoE effect may play a significant role in various cancer development. However, this effect has still not been analyzed in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). In the present study, we evaluated two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ApoE (rs7412 and rs429358) and determined their associations with LSCC development and the LSCC patients’ five-year survival rate. Additionally, we analyzed serum ApoE levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A total of 602 subjects (291 histologically verified LSCC patients and 311 healthy controls) were involved in this study. The genotyping was carried out using the real-time PCR. We revealed that ApoE ε3/ε3 was associated with a 1.7-fold higher probability of developing LSCC (p = 0.001), with 1.7-fold increased odds of developing LSCC without metastasis to the lymph nodes (p = 0.002) and with a 2.0-fold increased odds of developing well-differentiated LSCC (p = 0.008), as well as 1.6-fold increased odds of developing poorly differentiated LSCC development (p = 0.012). The ApoE ε2/ε4 and ε3/ε4 genotypes were associated with a 2.9-fold and 1.5-fold decrease in the likelihood of developing LSCC (p = 0.042; p = 0.037, respectively). ApoE ε3/ε4 was found associated with a 2.4-fold decreased likelihood of developing well-differentiated LSCC (p = 0.013). Conclusion: ApoE ε2/ε4 and ε3/ε4 were found to play a protective role in LSCC development, while ApoE ε3/ε3 may have a risk position in LSCC development.
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu R, Huang Y. CDC7 as a novel biomarker and druggable target in cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:1856-1864. [PMID: 35657477 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02853-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Due to the bottlenecks encountered in traditional treatment for tumor, more effective drug targets need to be developed. Cell division cycle 7 kinase plays an important role in DNA replication, DNA repair and recombination signaling pathways. In this review, we first describe recent studies on the role of CDC7 in DNA replication in normal human tissues, and then we integrate new evidence focusing on the important role of CDC7 in replication stress tolerance of tumor cells and its impact on the prognosis of clinical oncology patients. Finally, we comb through the CDC7 inhibitors identified in recent studies as a reference for further research in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runze Liu
- National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yong Huang
- National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang B, Shen Y, Liu T, Tan L. ERα promotes transcription of tumor suppressor gene ApoA-I by establishing H3K27ac-enriched chromatin microenvironment in breast cancer cells. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:1034-1044. [PMID: 34904415 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2100393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I), the main protein component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), plays a pivotal role in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). Previous studies indicated a reduction of serum ApoA-I levels in various types of cancer, suggesting ApoA-I as a potential cancer biomarker. Herein, ectopically overexpressed ApoA-I in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells was observed to have antitumor effects, inhibiting cell proliferation and migration. Subsequent studies on the mechanism of expression regulation revealed that estradiol (E2)/estrogen receptor α (ERα) signaling activates ApoA-I gene transcription in breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, our ChIP-seq data showed that ERα directly binds to the estrogen response element (ERE) site within the ApoA-I gene and establishes an acetylation of histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27ac)-enriched chromatin microenvironment. Conversely, Fulvestrant (ICI 182780) treatment blocked ERα binding to ERE within the ApoA-I gene and downregulated the H3K27ac level on the ApoA-I gene. Treatment with p300 inhibitor also significantly decreased the ApoA-I messenger RNA (mRNA) level in MCF7 cells. Furthermore, the analysis of data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) revealed a positive correlation between ERα and ApoA-I expression in breast cancer tissues. Taken together, our study not only revealed the antitumor potential of ApoA-I at the cellular level, but also found that ERα promotes the transcription of ApoA-I gene through direct genomic effects, and p300 may act as a co-activator of ERα in this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Wang
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yinghui Shen
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li Tan
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li L, Wang N, Zhu M, Xiong Y, Wang F, Guo G, Wang X, Gu Y. Aberrant super-enhancer-driven oncogene ENC1 promotes the radio-resistance of breast carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:777. [PMID: 34362881 PMCID: PMC8346480 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Poor response of tumors to radiotherapy is a major clinical obstacle. Because of the dynamic characteristics of the epigenome, identification of possible epigenetic modifiers may be beneficial to confer radio-sensitivity. This research was set to examine the modulation of ectodermal-neural cortex 1 (ENC1) in radio-resistance in breast carcinoma (BC). In silico identification and immunohistochemical staining revealed that overexpression of ENC1 promoted BC metastasis to the bone and brain. Moreover, its overexpression promoted the translocation of YAP1/TAZ into the nucleus and enhanced expression of GLI1, CTGF, and FGF1 through the Hippo pathway. ENC1 expression was controlled by a ~10-kb long SE. ENC1-SEdistal deletion reduced ENC1 expression and inhibited the malignant behavior of BC cells and their resistance to radiotherapy. The binding sites on the ENC1-SE region enriched the shared sequence between TCF4 and ENC1 promoter. Knocking-down TCF4 inhibited luciferase activity and H3K27ac-enriched binding of the ENC1-SE region. Additionally, SE-driven ENC1 overexpression mediated by TCF4 may have clinical implications in radio-resistance in BC patients. Our findings indicated that ENC1 overexpression is mediated by SE and the downstream TCF4 to potentiate the Hippo/YAP1/TAZ pathway. Targeting this axis might be a therapeutic strategy for overcoming BC radio-resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhi Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Youyi Xiong
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangcheng Guo
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxing Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyan Gu
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Proteomics of Muscle Microdialysates Identifies Potential Circulating Biomarkers in Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010290. [PMID: 33396627 PMCID: PMC7795508 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is caused by a complex epigenetic mechanism finally leading to the misexpression of DUX4 in skeletal muscle. Detecting DUX4 and quantifying disease progression in FSHD is extremely challenging, thus increasing the need for surrogate biomarkers. We applied a shotgun proteomic approach with two different setups to analyze the protein repertoire of interstitial fluids obtained from 20 muscles in different disease stages classified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and serum samples from 10 FSHD patients. A total of 1156 proteins were identified in the microdialysates by data independent acquisition, 130 of which only found in muscles in active disease stage. Proteomic profiles were able to distinguish FSHD patients from controls. Two innate immunity mediators (S100-A8 and A9) and Dermcidin were upregulated in muscles with active disease and selectively present in the sera of FSHD patients. Structural muscle and plasminogen pathway proteins were downregulated. Together with the upstream inhibition of myogenic factors, this suggests defective muscle regeneration and increased fibrosis in early/active FSHD. Our MRI targeted exploratory approach confirmed that inflammatory response has a prominent role, together with impaired muscle regeneration, before clear muscle wasting occurs. We also identified three proteins as tissue and possibly circulating biomarkers in FSHD.
Collapse
|
14
|
Ganjali S, Banach M, Pirro M, Fras Z, Sahebkar A. HDL and cancer - causality still needs to be confirmed? Update 2020. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 73:169-177. [PMID: 33130036 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
An inverse correlation between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and cancer risk has been shown by several epidemiological studies. Some studies have even suggested that HDL-C can be used as a prognostic marker in patients with certain types of cancer. However, whether reduced HDL-C level is a consequential or causal factor in the development and progression of cancer remains a controversial issue. In this review, we update and summarize recent advances that highlight the role of HDL and some of its components in prognosis, diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Ganjali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, WAM University Hospital in Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, Lodz, Poland; Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland.
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Zlatko Fras
- Division of Medicine, Department of Vascular Medicine, Centre for Preventive Cardiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška 7, 1525, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Thomas PL, Nangami G, Rana T, Evans A, Williams SD, Crowell D, Shanker A, Sakwe AM, Ochieng J. The rapid endocytic uptake of fetuin-A by adherent tumor cells is mediated by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:2722-2732. [PMID: 33073533 PMCID: PMC7714080 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetuin‐A is a serum glycoprotein synthesized and secreted into blood by the liver and whose main physiological function is the inhibition of ectopic calcification. However, a number of studies have demonstrated that it is a multifunctional protein. For example, endocytic uptake of fetuin‐A by tumor cells resulting in rapid cellular adhesion and spreading has been reported. The precise uptake mechanism, however, has been elusive. The present studies were done to determine whether Toll‐like receptor‐4 (TLR4), which has been previously shown to be a receptor for fetuin‐A and is commonly expressed in immune cells, could take part in the rapid uptake (< 3 min) of fetuin‐A by tumor cells. Rapid uptake of fetuin‐A was inhibited by the specific TLR4 inhibitor CLI‐095 and also attenuated in TLR4 knockdown prostate tumor cells. Inhibition of TLR4 by CLI‐095 also attenuated the rapid adhesion of tumor cells as well as invasion through a bed of Matrigel. The data suggest mechanisms by which TLR4 modulates the adhesion and growth of tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Portia L Thomas
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA.,School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gladys Nangami
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tanu Rana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Adam Evans
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Stephen D Williams
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA.,School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Dylan Crowell
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Anil Shanker
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Amos M Sakwe
- School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Josiah Ochieng
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2019; 2019:9423907. [PMID: 31886121 PMCID: PMC6899323 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9423907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a transformation process mandatory for the local and distant progression of many malignant tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play significant roles in cellular regeneration, programmed death, angiogenesis, and many other essential tissular functions, involved in the normal development and also in pathological processes, such as the EMT. This paper reviews the roles of MMPs in the EMT involved in HCC invasion, as well as the ancillary roles that MMP cross-activation and tissue inhibitors play in modulating this process. While gelatinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 are the MMPs commonly cited in the EMT of HCC, MMPs belonging to other classes have been proven to be involved in this process, favoring not only invasion and metastasis (MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-10, MMP-11, MMP-13, MMP-14, MMP-16, MMP-26, and MMP-28) but also angiogenesis (MMP-8 and MMP-10). There is also data suggesting that other MMPs with a suspected or demonstrated role in the EMT of other cancers may also have some degree of involvement in HCC. The auto- and cross-activation of MMPs may complicate this issue, as pinpointing the extent of implication of each MMP may be extremely difficult. The homeostasis between MMPs and their tissue inhibitors is essential in preventing tumor progression, and the disturbance of this stability is another entailed factor in the EMT of HCC, which is addressed herein.
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen L, Weng YM, Hu MX, Peng M, Song QB. Effects of HER2 status on the prognosis of male breast cancer: a population-based study. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7251-7260. [PMID: 31564908 PMCID: PMC6733350 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s209949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was designed to analyze the effects of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) status on the prognosis of male breast cancer (MBC). Methods The SEER database was used to identify MBC patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2015. Patients were divided into HER2-negative and HER2-positive groups and chi-square test was used to compare the demographics. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to remove confounding factors. The log-rank test was used to compare the overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate the effects of different variables on the prognosis of MBC patients. Subgroup analysis was conducted by using R software to explore the benefit of OS and DSS in the subgroup of MBC patients. Results In the matched cohort, the log-rank test showed that there was a longer OS (P=0.044) in the HER2-negative group, and the 4-year OS rate in HER2-negative patients was significantly improved (P=0.008), but there was no difference in the DSS (P=0.408) and the 4-year DSS rates (P=0.198) between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression also showed that the HER2 status did not independently associate with DSS (P=0.444). Subgroup analysis showed that HER2-negative patients experienced a longer OS in the subgroup of tumors 2–4 cm in size, no distant metastasis and who had received radiotherapy, but none of subgroup was found a significant difference in DSS between different HER2 status. Conclusion This study identified that HER2 status had a clear influence on OS in patients with MBC, and there was a longer OS and a higher 4-year OS rate in the HER2-negative group. In addition, we observed that HER2 status had no significant effect on DSS in patients with MBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Ming Weng
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Xue Hu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Peng
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Bin Song
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Manfredi M, Brandi J, Di Carlo C, Vita Vanella V, Barberis E, Marengo E, Patrone M, Cecconi D. Mining cancer biology through bioinformatic analysis of proteomic data. Expert Rev Proteomics 2019; 16:733-747. [PMID: 31398064 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2019.1654862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Discovery proteomics for cancer research generates complex datasets of diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic significance in human cancer. With the advent of high-resolution mass spectrometers, able to identify thousands of proteins in complex biological samples, only the application of bioinformatics can lead to the interpretation of data which can be relevant for cancer research. Areas covered: Here, we give an overview of the current bioinformatic tools used in cancer proteomics. Moreover, we describe their applications in cancer proteomics studies of cell lines, serum, and tissues, highlighting recent results and critically evaluating their outcomes. Expert opinion: The use of bioinformatic tools is a fundamental step in order to manage the large amount of proteins (from hundreds to thousands) that can be identified and quantified in a cancer biological samples by proteomics. To handle this challenge and obtain useful data for translational medicine, it is important the combined use of different bioinformatic tools. Moreover, a particular attention to the global experimental design, and the integration of multidisciplinary skills are essential for best setting of tool parameters and best interpretation of bioinformatics output.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Manfredi
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale , Novara , Italy.,Department of Translation Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale , Novara , Italy
| | - Jessica Brandi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Claudia Di Carlo
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Virginia Vita Vanella
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale , Novara , Italy.,Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale , Alessandria , Italy
| | - Elettra Barberis
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale , Novara , Italy.,Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale , Alessandria , Italy.,ISALIT , Novara , Italy
| | - Emilio Marengo
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale , Novara , Italy.,Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale , Alessandria , Italy.,ISALIT , Novara , Italy
| | - Mauro Patrone
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale , Alessandria , Italy
| | - Daniela Cecconi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I), Immunity, Inflammation and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081097. [PMID: 31374929 PMCID: PMC6721368 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I), the major protein component of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) is a multifunctional protein, involved in cholesterol traffic and inflammatory and immune response regulation. Many studies revealing alterations of ApoA-I during the development and progression of various types of cancer suggest that serum ApoA-I levels may represent a useful biomarker contributing to better estimation of cancer risk, early cancer diagnosis, follow up, and prognosis stratification of cancer patients. In addition, recent in vitro and animal studies disclose a more direct, tumor suppressive role of ApoA-I in cancer pathogenesis, which involves anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory mechanisms. Herein, we review recent epidemiologic, clinicopathologic, and mechanistic studies investigating the role of ApoA-I in cancer biology, which suggest that enhancing the tumor suppressive activity of ApoA-I may contribute to better cancer prevention and treatment.
Collapse
|