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Yousuf T, Naz M, Roberson CB, Wise SM, Rowland DL. Depression as a Function of Social Support in Transgender and Cisgender Individuals with Sexually Transmitted Diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2462. [PMID: 33802257 PMCID: PMC7967598 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study focused on the relationships among social support, self-esteem, and depression in transgender and cisgender individuals suffering from an incurable or curable sexually transmitted disease. Data were collected from 210 participants with an STI using a semi-structured interview along with culturally adapted standardized instruments. Results indicated no differences between transgender and cisgender groups in depression, although there were large differences in social support and self-esteem. Preliminary regression analysis identified only STI type and duration of STI as significant predictors of depression. However, when moderating roles for both social support and self-esteem were tested, each added to the explained variance and, equally importantly, revealed the effects of both gender status and social support on depression. These findings not only demonstrate how the compound stressors of gender minority status and STI type affect depressive symptoms, but also reveal the critical role that social support can play in mitigating depressive symptoms in those with gender minority status. Findings are interpreted within the context of South/Central Asian cultures that have pre- and post-colonial traditions regarding the social role of non-binary individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahira Yousuf
- Institute of Professional Psychology, Bahria University, Karachi 75260, Pakistan; (T.Y.); (M.N.)
| | - Mahwish Naz
- Institute of Professional Psychology, Bahria University, Karachi 75260, Pakistan; (T.Y.); (M.N.)
| | - Candace B. Roberson
- Department of Psychology, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA; (C.B.R.); (S.M.W.)
| | - Suzanna M. Wise
- Department of Psychology, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA; (C.B.R.); (S.M.W.)
| | - David L. Rowland
- Department of Psychology, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA; (C.B.R.); (S.M.W.)
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Depressive Symptoms and Sexually Transmitted Disease: Evidence from a Low-Income Neighborhood of New York City. Community Ment Health J 2019; 55:1147-1151. [PMID: 31073663 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-019-00405-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We examined the association between sexually transmitted disease (STD) and depressive symptoms. Our analysis utilized the 2015 cross-sectional Washington Heights Community Survey. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine the primary association between having a history of STD and patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) score while adjusting for potential confounders. Then in separate models, we adjusted for the interaction of social factors with PHQ-9 score to test for modification effect on the primary association. In this low-income neighborhood, STD history was not significantly associated with PHQ-9 score in the overall logistic regression model for the primary association. However, in interaction models, STD and depressive symptoms were associated in sub-groups defined by social factors, namely being Hispanic [odds ratio (OR) 1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.15], foreign-born (OR 1.08; 95% CI 1.02-1.15), and having low to moderate social support (OR 1.09; 95% CI 1.02-1.15). Our results demonstrate a need for targeted interventions to be applied to vulnerable subgroups identified.
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Yu X, Torzewska A, Zhang X, Yin Z, Drzewiecka D, Cao H, Liu B, Knirel YA, Rozalski A, Wang L. Genetic diversity of the O antigens of Proteus species and the development of a suspension array for molecular serotyping. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183267. [PMID: 28817637 PMCID: PMC5560731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteus species are well-known opportunistic pathogens frequently associated with skin wound and urinary tract infections in humans and animals. O antigen diversity is important for bacteria to adapt to different hosts and environments, and has been used to identify serotypes of Proteus isolates. At present, 80 Proteus O-serotypes have been reported. Although the O antigen structures of most Proteus serotypes have been identified, the genetic features of these O antigens have not been well characterized. The O antigen gene clusters of Proteus species are located between the cpxA and secB genes. In this study, we identified 55 O antigen gene clusters of different Proteus serotypes. All clusters contain both the wzx and wzy genes and exhibit a high degree of heterogeneity. Potential functions of O antigen-related genes were proposed based on their similarity to genes in available databases. The O antigen gene clusters and structures were compared, and a number of glycosyltransferases were assigned to glycosidic linkages. In addition, an O serotype-specific suspension array was developed for detecting 31 Proteus serotypes frequently isolated from clinical specimens. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive report to describe the genetic features of Proteus O antigens and to develop a molecular technique to identify different Proteus serotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Agnieszka Torzewska
- Department of Immunobiology of Bacteria, Department of General Microbiology Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Xinjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Dominika Drzewiecka
- Department of Immunobiology of Bacteria, Department of General Microbiology Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Hengchun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yuriy A. Knirel
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Antoni Rozalski
- Department of Immunobiology of Bacteria, Department of General Microbiology Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochips, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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Does Social Support Moderate the Association Among Major Depression, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, and Functional Disability in Adults With Diabetes? PSYCHOSOMATICS 2017; 58:364-374. [PMID: 28413087 DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes requires complex self-management routines to prevent the development of functional disability. Relative to people without diabetes, those with diabetes are more likely to have comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), which also increase the likelihood of functional disability. Social support is associated with positive health outcomes in people with comorbid diabetes and mental disorders and may serve as a buffer against functional disability, though this possibility has yet to be examined. OBJECTIVES This study examined whether social support moderates the association between MDD or GAD and functional disability in adults with diabetes. Adults with MDD or GAD were expected to report greater disability than those without MDD or GAD. This association was expected to be stronger in people reporting lower social support relative to those reporting higher social support. METHODS Data came from the cross-sectional 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health (n = 1764). Diabetes status, social support, and functional disability were assessed via self-report; past-year MDD and GAD were assessed with structured diagnostic interviews. RESULTS Linear regression analyses, conducted separately for MDD and GAD, indicated main effects of past-year MDD and GAD, such that those with a mental disorder reported greater functional disability than those without a mental disorder. Social support did not moderate the associations between either MDD and functional disability or GAD and functional disability. CONCLUSIONS In this nationally representative population study, both MDD and GAD predicted greater functional disability in adults with diabetes. Social support, however, did not moderate these associations.
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Laugen CM, Islam N, Janssen PA. Social Support and Exclusive Breast feeding among Canadian Women. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2016; 30:430-8. [PMID: 27271342 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization recommendation for exclusive breast feeding for 6 months has been endorsed by Health Canada, the Canadian Pediatric Society, Dietitians of Canada, and the Breastfeeding Committee for Canada as of 2012. This study examines whether social support is associated with exclusive breast feeding up to 6 months among Canadian mothers. METHODS We utilised data from the Canadian Community Health Survey and limited our sample to mothers who gave birth in the 5 years prior to the 2009-2010 survey (n = 2133). Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between exclusive breast feeding and four dimensions of social support: (i) tangible, (ii) affectionate, (iii) positive social interaction, and (iv) emotional and informational, based on the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Scale. Absolute and relative differences in the probability of breast feeding exclusively and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS In adjusted models, differences in the probability of exclusive breast feeding for 6 months were not different among women with high vs. low social support. The association between social support and breastfeeding exclusively was modified by education level, with significantly higher probability of breast feeding exclusively among women with lower education and high vs. low levels of tangible and affectionate support. CONCLUSIONS Among women with education below a high school level, high tangible and affectionate support significantly increased probability of exclusive breast feeding for 6 months in this study. Efforts to encourage exclusive breast feeding need to address social support for mothers, especially those with lower education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris M Laugen
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nazrul Islam
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Patricia A Janssen
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Genetic Diversity of O-Antigens in Hafnia alvei and the Development of a Suspension Array for Serotype Detection. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155115. [PMID: 27171009 PMCID: PMC4869667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hafnia alvei is a facultative and rod-shaped gram-negative bacterium
that belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Although it has been
more than 50 years since the genus was identified, very little is known about
variations among Hafnia species. Diversity in O-antigens
(O-polysaccharide, OPS) is thought to be a major factor in bacterial adaptation to
different hosts and situations and variability in the environment. Antigenic
variation is also an important factor in pathogenicity that has been used to define
clones within a number of species. The genes that are required to synthesize OPS are
always clustered within the bacterial chromosome. A serotyping scheme including 39
O-serotypes has been proposed for H. alvei, but it
has not been correlated with known OPS structures, and no previous report has
described the genetic features of OPS. In this study, we obtained the genome
sequences of 21 H. alvei strains (as defined by
previous immunochemical studies) with different lipopolysaccharides. This is the
first study to show that the O-antigen gene cluster in H.
alvei is located between mpo and
gnd in the chromosome. All 21 of the OPS gene clusters contain
both the wzx gene and the wzy gene and display a
large number of polymorphisms. We developed an O serotype-specific
wzy-based suspension array to detect all 21 of the distinct OPS
forms we identified in H. alvei. To the best of our
knowledge, this is the first report to identify the genetic features of
H. alvei antigenic variation and to develop a
molecular technique to identify and classify different serotypes.
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Hinnen C, Schreuder I, Jong E, van Duijn M, Dahmen R, van Gorp ECM. The contribution of adult attachment and perceived social support to depressive symptoms in patients with HIV. AIDS Care 2012; 24:1535-42. [PMID: 22530817 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2012.672714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the relationship between adult attachment style and depressive symptomatology in patients with HIV. Moreover, perceived social support was investigated as a potential mediator between adult attachment and depressive symptoms. A sample of 233 HIV-infected patients (90% male) completed questionnaires assessing adult attachment style (Relationship Questionnaire), depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory), and perceived social support (Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey). After controlling for demographic and medical variables, an insecure adult attachment style was found to be strongly related with depressive symptoms. Half of the insecurely attached patients reported clinically elevated levels of distress, while one in nine securely attached patients reported elevated levels of distress (χ(2)=32.25, p=0.001). Moreover, the association between attachment style and depressive symptomatology was found to be partly mediated through perceived social support. This study strongly supports the notion that an insecure attachment style is a vulnerability factor for developing depressive symptoms that would warrant clinical attention when confronted with a chronic illness such as HIV. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Hinnen
- Department of Psychology, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Hood JE, Friedman AL. Unveiling the hidden epidemic: a review of stigma associated with sexually transmissible infections. Sex Health 2011; 8:159-70. [PMID: 21592429 DOI: 10.1071/sh10070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2010] [Accepted: 08/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Stigma has long accompanied sexually transmissible infections (STI) and hindered prevention and control efforts. It not only acts as a formidable barrier to STI testing, treatment and disclosure, but has a multitude of consequences for the health and quality of life of infected individuals. This review summarises the literature related to STI stigma and offers practical approaches to counter STI-associated stigma through multi-level efforts. Specifically, it describes the key sources that breed and perpetuate stigma, outlines how STI-associated stigma has been conceptualised and measured in the literature, documents the impact of stigma on infected and uninfected individuals, and summarises the stigma reduction strategies recommended in the literature. Gaps in the literature are identified and areas for further research are suggested, along with practical strategies for moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E Hood
- Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, N.E, Mailstop E-44, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
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Briley M, Moret C. Improvement of social adaptation in depression with serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2010; 6:647-55. [PMID: 20957125 PMCID: PMC2951748 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s13171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a disabling condition resulting in significant impairment in social functioning, involving the patient's family, friends, work colleagues, and society at large. Although both psychologic and pharmacologic treatments generally improve many depressive symptoms, they do not always result in significant improvement in social functioning. The importance of recovery of social functioning in depressed patients is now widely appreciated, and studies are beginning to include it in evaluations of therapeutic efficacy. Among the various social adjustment evaluation rating scales, the Social Adaptation Self-Evaluation Scale, a social motivation and behavior scale, has been found to be simple to use and sensitive to change. Using this scale, the selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, reboxetine, has been shown to be significantly more effective in improving social functioning than the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine. These findings are consistent with the notion that improvement in social adaptation involves functions depending primarily on noradrenergic neurotransmission. This hypothesis suggests that the serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, venlafaxine, duloxetine, and milnacipran, could be particularly helpful in improving social functioning. Preliminary studies with the serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors suggest that they significantly improve social functioning. Comparative studies with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the effects on social functioning should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Briley
- NeuroBiz Consulting and Communication, 27 Impasse des Grèses, Castres, France.
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