Prevalence and Correlates of Dyslipidemia Among Men and Women in Palau: Findings of the Palau STEPS Survey 2011-2013

Prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia among Royal Thai Army personnel and its related cardiometabolic risk factors, from 2017 to 2021

Background

Hypertriglyceridemia is a common health problem independently associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), including ischemic heart disease and stroke. This study aims to determine the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia among Royal Thai Army (RTA) personnel and its behavioral and cardiometabolic risk factors using the RTA personnel database of the physical health examination from 2017 to 2021.

Methods

A serial cross-sectional study was conducted from 2017 to 2021. A total of 257,683 active-duty RTA personnel aged 35–60 years were included in the study. We defined hypertriglyceridemia as fasting triglyceride ≥150 mg/dL. Moreover, we performed a multivariable logistic regression analysis to investigate behavioral and cardiometabolic risk factors for the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia. The magnitude of the association was presented as an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

The hypertriglyceridemia prevalence among RTA personnel was 43.4% (95% CI: 42.9–43.8%) in 2017. It then continuously decreased to 40.3% (95% CI: 39.9–40.7%) in 2020 and slightly rose to 41.0% (95% CI: 40.6–41.4%) in 2021 (p for trend < 0.001). The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia was higher for males than females (AOR 2.15; 95% CI: 2.07–2.23); RTA personnel aged 40–44 years compared with those aged 35–39 years (AOR 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02–1.08); and RTA personnel residing in the northeast (AOR; 1.15 95% CI: 1.11–1.18) and the north (AOR 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02–1.08) compared with those residing in Bangkok. The independent behavioral factors associated with hypertriglyceridemia included alcohol consumption, smoking, and sedentary behavior. Moreover, cardiometabolic risk factors, including higher body mass index, high fasting plasma glucose (≥ 100 mg/dL), high blood pressure (≥ 140/90 mmHg), and hypercholesterolemia (≥ 200 mg/dL), were significantly related to hypertriglyceridemia.

Conclusion

Our data demonstrated that hypertriglyceridemia is a frequent health issue, especially among males, participants aged 40–44 years, and RTA personnel residing in the northeast and the north. The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia in this population was greatly influenced by alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and sedentary behavior. Both behavioral and cardiometabolic risk factors are potential targets for intervention to enhance the primary prevention of sequelae of hypertriglyceridemia, including ASCVD.

Dyslipidemia and its associated factors in southern Iranian women, Bandare-Kong Cohort study, a cross-sectional survey

Dyslipidemia, a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, has become a global issue. Due to the variations in the prevalence of dyslipidemia, this study aimed to evaluate dyslipidemia and its associated factors in women of the Bandare-Kong Cohort Study (BKNCD). This study was conducted on women from the population-based BKNCD, as part of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN). Sociodemographic data, medical history, and anthropometric indices were collected. Dyslipidemia was defined as any lipid abnormality including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ≥ 160, total cholesterol (TC) ≥ 240, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) < 40, or triglyceride > 200 mg/dl. From the 2223 women in this study (mean age: 48.28 ± 9.26 years), dyslipidemia was observed in 851 (38.3%). High TC was the most common lipid abnormality (18.5%) followed by high LDL (17.7%). Dyslipidemia was most prevalent among women aged 55-70 years, the married, those with < 6 years of education, the unemployed, the overweight or obese, with low socioeconomic status, diabetes, hypertension, and high waist circumference, those using the hookah and living in urban areas. Logistic regression revealed that women with high waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.60-3.08), those aged 45-54 years (OR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.07-1.68) and 55-70 years (OR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.03-1.72), and those living in urban areas (OR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.05-1.73) were at significantly increased risk of dyslipidemia. In addition, the results were confirmed using deep neural network models. Dyslipidemia was highly prevalent in Iranian women in the southern coastal region. Central obesity, age over 45 years, and living in urban areas appear to be relatively significant risk factors for dyslipidemia among women.