1
|
Yao L, Cao J, Cheng S, Shan S, Jiang D, Luo Z, Li S, Hou L, Li X, Song P. Inequalities in disease burden and care quality of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 1990-2021: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04213. [PMID: 39329348 PMCID: PMC11428470 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the primary causes of significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aimed to explore the cross-country inequalities by age, sex, and region in COPD's burden and care quality from 1990 to 2021. Methods We obtained data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021. Using age-standardised disability-adjusted life years rate (ASDR) per 100 000 population and quality of care index (QCI), we quantified the COPD burden and care quality, respectively. Applying the principal component analysis method, we calculated QCI scores, ranging from 0 to 100, where higher values indicate better care quality. We quantified temporal trends from 1990 to 2021 for ASDR and QCI by estimated annual percentage change (EAPC). Finally, we assessed the absolute and relative disparities in ASDR and QCI across countries using the slope index of inequality (SII) and concentration index. Results Between 1990 and 2021, there was a notable decline in ASDR of COPD globally (1990 = 1492.64; 2021 = 940.66; EAPC = -1.71), accompanied by an increase in QCI (1990 = 58.42; 2021 = 73.86; EAPC = 0.89). Regions with middle sociodemographic index (SDI) consistently demonstrated the highest ASDR and the lowest QCI in 1990 (ASDR = 2332.91; QCI = 31.70), whereas by 2021, low-middle SDI regions exhibited similar trends (ASDR = 1707.90; QCI = 57.50). In 2021, the highest ASDR was among individuals aged 95 years and above (16251.22), while the lowest QCI was among people aged 70-74 years (72.18). Papua New Guinea recorded the highest ASDR and the lowest QCI in 2021 (ASDR = 3004.36; QCI = 19.18). Compared to 1990, where the SII for ASDR was -612.44 and for QCI was 21.78, with concentration indices of -0.14 for ASDR and 0.11 for QCI, the absolute values of both SII and concentration index were smaller in 2021, with ASDR's SII at -555.90, QCI's at 16.72, ASDR's concentration index at -0.13, and QCI's at 0.04. Conclusions The global burden of COPD decreases and care quality increases over time, with notable variations across ages, sexes and SDI regions. Countries with lower SDI had disproportionately higher burden and poorer care quality for COPD.
Collapse
|
2
|
Phan DT, Nguyen CH, Nguyen TDP, Tran LH, Park S, Choi J, Lee BI, Oh J. A Flexible, Wearable, and Wireless Biosensor Patch with Internet of Medical Things Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12030139. [PMID: 35323409 PMCID: PMC8945966 DOI: 10.3390/bios12030139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring the vital signs and physiological responses of the human body in daily activities is particularly useful for the early diagnosis and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Here, we proposed a wireless and flexible biosensor patch for continuous and longitudinal monitoring of different physiological signals, including body temperature, blood pressure (BP), and electrocardiography. Moreover, these modalities for tracking body movement and GPS locations for emergency rescue have been included in biosensor devices. We optimized the flexible patch design with high mechanical stretchability and compatibility that can provide reliable and long-term attachment to the curved skin surface. Regarding smart healthcare applications, this research presents an Internet of Things-connected healthcare platform consisting of a smartphone application, website service, database server, and mobile gateway. The IoT platform has the potential to reduce the demand for medical resources and enhance the quality of healthcare services. To further address the advances in non-invasive continuous BP monitoring, an optimized deep learning architecture with one-channel electrocardiogram signals is introduced. The performance of the BP estimation model was verified using an independent dataset; this experimental result satisfied the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation, and the British Hypertension Society standards for BP monitoring devices. The experimental results demonstrated the practical application of the wireless and flexible biosensor patch for continuous physiological signal monitoring with Internet of Medical Things-connected healthcare applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duc Tri Phan
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (D.T.P.); (C.H.N.); (T.D.P.N.); (L.H.T.); (S.P.); (J.C.)
- BK21 FOUR ‘New-Senior’ Oriented Smart Health Care Education, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Cong Hoan Nguyen
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (D.T.P.); (C.H.N.); (T.D.P.N.); (L.H.T.); (S.P.); (J.C.)
- BK21 FOUR ‘New-Senior’ Oriented Smart Health Care Education, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Thuy Dung Pham Nguyen
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (D.T.P.); (C.H.N.); (T.D.P.N.); (L.H.T.); (S.P.); (J.C.)
- BK21 FOUR ‘New-Senior’ Oriented Smart Health Care Education, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Le Hai Tran
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (D.T.P.); (C.H.N.); (T.D.P.N.); (L.H.T.); (S.P.); (J.C.)
- BK21 FOUR ‘New-Senior’ Oriented Smart Health Care Education, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Sumin Park
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (D.T.P.); (C.H.N.); (T.D.P.N.); (L.H.T.); (S.P.); (J.C.)
- BK21 FOUR ‘New-Senior’ Oriented Smart Health Care Education, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Jaeyeop Choi
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (D.T.P.); (C.H.N.); (T.D.P.N.); (L.H.T.); (S.P.); (J.C.)
- BK21 FOUR ‘New-Senior’ Oriented Smart Health Care Education, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Byeong-il Lee
- Department of Smart Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
- Correspondence: (B.-i.L.); (J.O.)
| | - Junghwan Oh
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (D.T.P.); (C.H.N.); (T.D.P.N.); (L.H.T.); (S.P.); (J.C.)
- BK21 FOUR ‘New-Senior’ Oriented Smart Health Care Education, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
- Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
- Ohlabs Corporation, Busan 48513, Korea
- Correspondence: (B.-i.L.); (J.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Song S, Xue X, Zhao YC, Li J, Zhu Q, Zhao M. Short-Video Apps as a Health Information Source for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Information Quality Assessment of TikTok Videos. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e28318. [PMID: 34931996 PMCID: PMC8726035 DOI: 10.2196/28318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become one of the most critical public health problems worldwide. Because many COPD patients are using video-based social media to search for health information, there is an urgent need to assess the information quality of COPD videos on social media. Recently, the short-video app TikTok has demonstrated huge potential in disseminating health information and there are currently many COPD videos available on TikTok; however, the information quality of these videos remains unknown. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the information quality of COPD videos on TikTok. METHODS In December 2020, we retrieved and screened 300 videos from TikTok and collected a sample of 199 COPD-related videos in Chinese for data extraction. We extracted the basic video information, coded the content, and identified the video sources. Two independent raters assessed the information quality of each video using the DISCERN instrument. RESULTS COPD videos on TikTok came mainly from two types of sources: individual users (n=168) and organizational users (n=31). The individual users included health professionals, individual science communicators, and general TikTok users, whereas the organizational users consisted of for-profit organizations, nonprofit organizations, and news agencies. For the 199 videos, the mean scores of the DISCERN items ranged from 3.42 to 4.46, with a total mean score of 3.75. Publication reliability (P=.04) and overall quality (P=.02) showed significant differences across the six types of sources, whereas the quality of treatment choices showed only a marginally significant difference (P=.053) across the different sources. CONCLUSIONS The overall information quality of COPD videos on TikTok is satisfactory, although the quality varies across different sources and according to specific quality dimensions. Patients should be selective and cautious when watching COPD videos on TikTok.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Song
- Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Xue
- School of Information Management, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxiang Chris Zhao
- School of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinhao Li
- Sino-French Engineer School, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinghua Zhu
- School of Information Management, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Gaochun People's Hospital, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Early Diagnosis and Real-Time Monitoring of Regional Lung Function Changes to Prevent Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Progression to Severe Emphysema. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10245811. [PMID: 34945107 PMCID: PMC8708661 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10245811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
First- and second-hand exposure to smoke or air pollutants is the primary cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis, where genetic and age-related factors predispose the subject to the initiation and progression of obstructive lung disease. Briefly, airway inflammation, specifically bronchitis, initiates the lung disease, leading to difficulty in breathing (dyspnea) and coughing as initial symptoms, followed by air trapping and inhibition of the flow of air into the lungs due to damage to the alveoli (emphysema). In addition, mucus obstruction and impaired lung clearance mechanisms lead to recurring acute exacerbations causing progressive decline in lung function, eventually requiring lung transplant and other lifesaving interventions to prevent mortality. It is noteworthy that COPD is much more common in the population than currently diagnosed, as only 16 million adult Americans were reported to be diagnosed with COPD as of 2018, although an additional 14 million American adults were estimated to be suffering from COPD but undiagnosed by the current standard of care (SOC) diagnostic, namely the spirometry-based pulmonary function test (PFT). Thus, the main issue driving the adverse disease outcome and significant mortality for COPD is lack of timely diagnosis in the early stages of the disease. The current treatment regime for COPD emphysema is most effective when implemented early, on COPD onset, where alleviating symptoms and exacerbations with timely intervention(s) can prevent steep lung function decline(s) and disease progression to severe emphysema. Therefore, the key to efficiently combatting COPD relies on early detection. Thus, it is important to detect early regional pulmonary function and structural changes to monitor modest disease progression for implementing timely interventions and effectively eliminating emphysema progression. Currently, COPD diagnosis involves using techniques such as COPD screening questionnaires, PFT, arterial blood gas analysis, and/or lung imaging, but these modalities are limited in their capability for early diagnosis and real-time disease monitoring of regional lung function changes. Hence, promising emerging techniques, such as X-ray phase contrast, photoacoustic tomography, ultrasound computed tomography, electrical impedance tomography, the forced oscillation technique, and the impulse oscillometry system powered by robust artificial intelligence and machine learning analysis capability are emerging as novel solutions for early detection and real time monitoring of COPD progression for timely intervention. We discuss here the scope, risks, and limitations of current SOC and emerging COPD diagnostics, with perspective on novel diagnostics providing real time regional lung function monitoring, and predicting exacerbation and/or disease onset for prognosis-based timely intervention(s) to limit COPD–emphysema progression.
Collapse
|
5
|
Laucho-Contreras ME, Cohen-Todd M. Early diagnosis of COPD: myth or a true perspective. Eur Respir Rev 2020; 29:29/158/200131. [PMID: 33268437 PMCID: PMC9489086 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0131-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The early stages of COPD have recently become a hot topic as many new risk factors have been proposed, but substantial knowledge gaps remain in explaining the natural history of the disease. If we are to modify the outcomes of COPD, early detection needs to play a critical role. However, we need to sort out the barriers to early detection and have a better understanding of the definition of COPD and its diagnosis and therapeutic strategies to identify and treat patients with COPD before structural changes progress. In this review, we aim to clarify the differences between early COPD, mild COPD and early detection of COPD, with an emphasis on the clinical burden and how different outcomes (quality of life, exacerbation, cost and mortality) are modified depending on which definition is used. We will summarise the evidence for the new multidimensional diagnostic approaches to detecting early pathophysiologic changes that potentially allow for future studies on COPD management strategies to halt or prevent disease development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eugenia Laucho-Contreras
- Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogota, Colombia,GlaxoSmithKline, Bogota, Colombia,Maria Eugenia Laucho-Contreras, Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Kra. 13b #161-85, Bogota 110111, Colombia. E-mail:
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Raman Spectroscopy as Noninvasive Method of Diagnosis of Pediatric Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10196974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We propose here a spectroscopic method to diagnose and differentiate inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) with pediatric onset, in a complete noninvasive way without performing any duodenal biopsy. In particular, the Raman technique was applied to proteic extract from fecal samples in order to achieve information about molecular vibrations that can potentially furnish spectral signatures of cellular modifications occurring as a consequence of specific pathologic conditions. The attention was focused on the investigation of the amide I region, quantitatively accounting the spectral changes in the secondary structures by applying deconvolution and curve-fitting. Inflammation is found to give rise to a significant increasing of the nonreducible (trivalent)/reducible (divalent) cross-linking ratio R of the protein network. This parameter revealed an excellent marker in order to distinguish IBD subjects from non-IBD ones, and, among IBD patients, to differentiate between UC and CD. The proposed methodology was validated by statistical analysis using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Collapse
|
7
|
Alqahtani JS, Oyelade T, Aldhahir AM, Alghamdi SM, Almehmadi M, Alqahtani AS, Quaderi S, Mandal S, Hurst JR. Prevalence, Severity and Mortality associated with COPD and Smoking in patients with COVID-19: A Rapid Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233147. [PMID: 32392262 PMCID: PMC7213702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 496] [Impact Index Per Article: 124.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an evolving infectious disease that dramatically spread all over the world in the early part of 2020. No studies have yet summarized the potential severity and mortality risks caused by COVID-19 in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and we update information in smokers. METHODS We systematically searched electronic databases from inception to March 24, 2020. Data were extracted by two independent authors in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Study quality was assessed using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We synthesized a narrative from eligible studies and conducted a meta-analysis using a random-effects model to calculate pooled prevalence rates and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS In total, 123 abstracts were screened and 61 full-text manuscripts were reviewed. A total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria, which included a total of 2473 confirmed COVID-19 patients. All studies were included in the meta-analysis. The crude case fatality rate of COVID-19 was 7.4%. The pooled prevalence rates of COPD patients and smokers in COVID-19 cases were 2% (95% CI, 1%-3%) and 9% (95% CI, 4%-14%) respectively. COPD patients were at a higher risk of more severe disease (risk of severity = 63%, (22/35) compared to patients without COPD 33.4% (409/1224) [calculated RR, 1.88 (95% CI, 1.4-2.4)]. This was associated with higher mortality (60%). Our results showed that 22% (31/139) of current smokers and 46% (13/28) of ex-smokers had severe complications. The calculated RR showed that current smokers were 1.45 times more likely [95% CI: 1.03-2.04] to have severe complications compared to former and never smokers. Current smokers also had a higher mortality rate of 38.5%. CONCLUSION Although COPD prevalence in COVID-19 cases was low in current reports, COVID-19 infection was associated with substantial severity and mortality rates in COPD. Compared to former and never smokers, current smokers were at greater risk of severe complications and higher mortality rate. Effective preventive measures are required to reduce COVID-19 risk in COPD patients and current smokers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaber S. Alqahtani
- UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tope Oyelade
- UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Abdulelah M. Aldhahir
- UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Respiratory Care Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M. Alghamdi
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdullah S. Alqahtani
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shumonta Quaderi
- UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Swapna Mandal
- UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - John R. Hurst
- UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|