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Granov R, Vedad S, Wang SH, Durham A, Shah D, Pasinetti GM. The Role of the Neural Exposome as a Novel Strategy to Identify and Mitigate Health Inequities in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04339-6. [PMID: 38967905 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04339-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
With the continuous increase of the elderly population, there is an urgency to understand and develop relevant treatments for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). In tandem with this, the prevalence of health inequities continues to rise as disadvantaged communities fail to be included in mainstream research. The neural exposome poses as a relevant mechanistic approach and tool for investigating ADRD onset, progression, and pathology as it accounts for several different factors: exogenous, endogenous, and behavioral. Consequently, through the neural exposome, health inequities can be addressed in ADRD research. In this paper, we address how the neural exposome relates to ADRD by contributing to the discourse through defining how the neural exposome can be developed as a tool in accordance with machine learning. Through this, machine learning can allow for developing a greater insight into the application of transferring and making sense of experimental mouse models exposed to health inequities and potentially relate it to humans. The overall goal moving beyond this paper is to define a multitude of potential factors that can increase the risk of ADRD onset and integrate them to create an interdisciplinary approach to the study of ADRD and subsequently translate the findings to clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravid Granov
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Skyler Vedad
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Shu-Han Wang
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Andrea Durham
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Divyash Shah
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Giulio Maria Pasinetti
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10019, USA.
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, JJ Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA.
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Rogers HP, Hseu A, Kim J, Silberholz E, Jo S, Dorste A, Jenkins K. Voice as a Biomarker of Pediatric Health: A Scoping Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:684. [PMID: 38929263 PMCID: PMC11201680 DOI: 10.3390/children11060684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The human voice has the potential to serve as a valuable biomarker for the early detection, diagnosis, and monitoring of pediatric conditions. This scoping review synthesizes the current knowledge on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in analyzing pediatric voice as a biomarker for health. The included studies featured voice recordings from pediatric populations aged 0-17 years, utilized feature extraction methods, and analyzed pathological biomarkers using AI models. Data from 62 studies were extracted, encompassing study and participant characteristics, recording sources, feature extraction methods, and AI models. Data from 39 models across 35 studies were evaluated for accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. The review showed a global representation of pediatric voice studies, with a focus on developmental, respiratory, speech, and language conditions. The most frequently studied conditions were autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disabilities, asphyxia, and asthma. Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients were the most utilized feature extraction method, while Support Vector Machines were the predominant AI model. The analysis of pediatric voice using AI demonstrates promise as a non-invasive, cost-effective biomarker for a broad spectrum of pediatric conditions. Further research is necessary to standardize the feature extraction methods and AI models utilized for the evaluation of pediatric voice as a biomarker for health. Standardization has significant potential to enhance the accuracy and applicability of these tools in clinical settings across a variety of conditions and voice recording types. Further development of this field has enormous potential for the creation of innovative diagnostic tools and interventions for pediatric populations globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Paige Rogers
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anne Hseu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Children’s Hospital, 333 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jung Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Stacy Jo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Children’s Hospital, 333 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anna Dorste
- Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kathy Jenkins
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Bensoussan Y, Elemento O, Rameau A. Voice as an AI Biomarker of Health-Introducing Audiomics. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 150:283-284. [PMID: 38386315 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2023.4807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
This Viewpoint discusses the need to create standards for audiomics to identify unique audio biomarkers of health and disease—now possible because of more efficient voice data analysis available through the use of artificial intelligence (AI)—and to improve patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaël Bensoussan
- USF Health Voice Center, Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of South Florida Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Anaïs Rameau
- Sean Parker Institute for the Voice, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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Pham TD, Holmes SB, Zou L, Patel M, Coulthard P. Diagnosis of pathological speech with streamlined features for long short-term memory learning. Comput Biol Med 2024; 170:107976. [PMID: 38219647 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.107976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathological speech diagnosis is crucial for identifying and treating various speech disorders. Accurate diagnosis aids in developing targeted intervention strategies, improving patients' communication abilities, and enhancing their overall quality of life. With the rising incidence of speech-related conditions globally, including oral health, the need for efficient and reliable diagnostic tools has become paramount, emphasizing the significance of advanced research in this field. METHODS This paper introduces novel features for deep learning in the analysis of short voice signals. It proposes the incorporation of time-space and time-frequency features to accurately discern between two distinct groups: Individuals exhibiting normal vocal patterns and those manifesting pathological voice conditions. These advancements aim to enhance the precision and reliability of diagnostic procedures, paving the way for more targeted treatment approaches. RESULTS Utilizing a publicly available voice database, this study carried out training and validation using long short-term memory (LSTM) networks learning on the combined features, along with a data balancing strategy. The proposed approach yielded promising performance metrics: 90% accuracy, 93% sensitivity, 87% specificity, 88% precision, an F1 score of 0.90, and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.96. The results surpassed those obtained by the networks trained using wavelet-time scattering coefficients, as well as several algorithms trained with alternative feature types. CONCLUSIONS The incorporation of time-frequency and time-space features extracted from short segments of voice signals for LSTM learning demonstrates significant promise as an AI tool for the diagnosis of speech pathology. The proposed approach has the potential to enhance the accuracy and allow for real-time pathological speech assessment, thereby facilitating more targeted and effective therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan D Pham
- Barts and The London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Street, E1 2AD, London, UK.
| | - Simon B Holmes
- Barts and The London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Street, E1 2AD, London, UK
| | - Lifong Zou
- Barts and The London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Street, E1 2AD, London, UK
| | - Mangala Patel
- Barts and The London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Street, E1 2AD, London, UK
| | - Paul Coulthard
- Barts and The London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Street, E1 2AD, London, UK
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Eguchi K, Yaguchi H, Kudo I, Kimura I, Nabekura T, Kumagai R, Fujita K, Nakashiro Y, Iida Y, Hamada S, Honma S, Takei A, Moriwaka F, Yabe I. Differentiation of speech in Parkinson's disease and spinocerebellar degeneration using deep neural networks. J Neurol 2024; 271:1004-1012. [PMID: 37989963 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-12091-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Assessing dysarthria features in patients with neurodegenerative diseases helps diagnose underlying pathologies. Although deep neural network (DNN) techniques have been widely adopted in various audio processing tasks, few studies have tested whether DNNs can help differentiate neurodegenerative diseases using patients' speech data. This study evaluated whether a DNN model using a transformer architecture could differentiate patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) from patients with spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD) using speech data. METHODS Speech data were obtained from 251 and 101 patients with PD and SCD, respectively, while they read a passage. We fine-tuned a pre-trained DNN model using log-mel spectrograms generated from speech data. The DNN model was trained to predict whether the input spectrogram was generated from patients with PD or SCD. We used fivefold cross-validation to evaluate the predictive performance using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. RESULTS Average ± standard deviation of the AUC, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the trained model for the fivefold cross-validation were 0.93 ± 0.04, 0.87 ± 0.03, 0.83 ± 0.05, and 0.89 ± 0.05, respectively. CONCLUSION The DNN model can differentiate speech data of patients with PD from that of patients with SCD with relatively high accuracy and AUC. The proposed method can be used as a non-invasive, easy-to-perform screening method to differentiate PD from SCD using patient speech and is expected to be applied to telemedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuki Eguchi
- Hokuyukai Neurological Hospital, 4-30, 2jo, 2cho-me, Nijuyonken, Nishi-ku, Sapporo, 063-0802, Japan.
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Yaguchi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Ikue Kudo
- Hokuyukai Neurological Hospital, 4-30, 2jo, 2cho-me, Nijuyonken, Nishi-ku, Sapporo, 063-0802, Japan
| | - Ibuki Kimura
- Hokuyukai Neurological Hospital, 4-30, 2jo, 2cho-me, Nijuyonken, Nishi-ku, Sapporo, 063-0802, Japan
| | - Tomoko Nabekura
- Hokuyukai Neurological Hospital, 4-30, 2jo, 2cho-me, Nijuyonken, Nishi-ku, Sapporo, 063-0802, Japan
| | - Ryuto Kumagai
- Sapporo Parkinson MS Neurological Clinic, Sapporo Kita Sky Building F12, 7-6, Kita 7-Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0807, Japan
| | - Kenichi Fujita
- Hokuyukai Neurological Hospital, 4-30, 2jo, 2cho-me, Nijuyonken, Nishi-ku, Sapporo, 063-0802, Japan
| | - Yuichi Nakashiro
- Hokuyukai Neurological Hospital, 4-30, 2jo, 2cho-me, Nijuyonken, Nishi-ku, Sapporo, 063-0802, Japan
| | - Yuki Iida
- Hokuyukai Neurological Hospital, 4-30, 2jo, 2cho-me, Nijuyonken, Nishi-ku, Sapporo, 063-0802, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Hamada
- Hokuyukai Neurological Hospital, 4-30, 2jo, 2cho-me, Nijuyonken, Nishi-ku, Sapporo, 063-0802, Japan
| | - Sanae Honma
- Hokuyukai Neurological Hospital, 4-30, 2jo, 2cho-me, Nijuyonken, Nishi-ku, Sapporo, 063-0802, Japan
| | - Asako Takei
- Hokuyukai Neurological Hospital, 4-30, 2jo, 2cho-me, Nijuyonken, Nishi-ku, Sapporo, 063-0802, Japan
| | - Fumio Moriwaka
- Hokuyukai Neurological Hospital, 4-30, 2jo, 2cho-me, Nijuyonken, Nishi-ku, Sapporo, 063-0802, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yabe
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
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