1
|
Derbel H, Chaibi AH, Ben Ghezala HH. Disease named entity recognition using long-short dependencies. J Bioinform Comput Biol 2020; 18:2050015. [PMID: 32501139 DOI: 10.1142/s0219720020500158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The automatic extraction of disease named entity is a challenging research problem that has attracted attention from the biomedical text mining community. Handcrafted feature methods were employed for this task given a little success since they are limited by the scope of the expert. Lately, deep learning-based methods have been employed to solve this issue. However, most architectures used for this task take into consideration long dependencies only. The proposed method is a two-stage deep neural network model. We start by discovering local dependencies and creating high-level features from word embedding inputs using a deep convolutional neural network. Then we identify long dependencies using a bi-directional recurrent neural network. To solve the problem of unbalanced dataset given by the BMEWO tagging schema and to enforce sequence modeling, we developed a new POS-based tagging schema that subdivides the dominant class into smaller more balanced units. The proposed system was trained and tested on NCBI and achieved an [Formula: see text]-score of 85.59 outperforming the current state-of-the-art methods. Our research results show the effectiveness of using both long and short dependencies. The results also illustrate the benefits of combining different word embedding techniques and the incorporation of morphological features in this task.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Houssemeddine Derbel
- RIADI Laboratory, National School of Computer Science (ENSI), University of Manouba, Manouba University Campus, Manouba 2010, Tunisia
| | - Anja Habacha Chaibi
- RIADI Laboratory, National School of Computer Science (ENSI), University of Manouba, Manouba University Campus, Manouba 2010, Tunisia
| | - Henda Hajjami Ben Ghezala
- RIADI Laboratory, National School of Computer Science (ENSI), University of Manouba, Manouba University Campus, Manouba 2010, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Anderson CR, Haydek J, Golub L, Leong T, Smith DT, Liebzeit J, Dressler DD. Practical Evidence-Based Medicine at the Student-to-Physician Transition: Effectiveness of an Undergraduate Medical Education Capstone Course. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDUCATOR 2020; 30:885-890. [PMID: 34457746 PMCID: PMC8368742 DOI: 10.1007/s40670-020-00970-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Medical information is expanding at exponential rates. Practicing physicians must acquire skills to efficiently navigate large bodies of evidence to answer clinical questions daily. How best to prepare medical students to meet this challenge remains unknown. The authors sought to design, implement, and assess a pragmatic evidence-based medicine (EBM) course engaging students at the transition from undergraduate to graduate medical education. MATERIALS AND METHODS An elective course was offered during the required 1-month Capstone medical school curriculum. Participants included one hundred sixty-eight graduating fourth-year medical students at Emory University School of Medicine who completed the course from 2012 to 2018. Through interactive didactics, small groups, and independent work, students actively employed various electronic tools to navigate medical literature and engaged in structured critical appraisal of guidelines and meta-analyses to answer clinical questions. RESULTS Assessment data was available for 161 of the 168 participants (95.8%). Pre- and post-assessments demonstrated students' significant improvement in perceived and demonstrated EBM knowledge and skills (p < 0.001), consistent across gender and specialty subgroups. DISCUSSION The Capstone EBM course empowered graduating medical students to comfortably navigate electronic medical resources and accurately appraise summary literature. The objective improvement in knowledge, the perceived improvement in skill, and the subjective comments support this curricular approach to effectively prepare graduating students for pragmatic practice-based learning as resident physicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin R. Anderson
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 49 Jesse Hill Jr. Drive SE, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - John Haydek
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 49 Jesse Hill Jr. Drive SE, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | | | - Traci Leong
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Dustin T. Smith
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 49 Jesse Hill Jr. Drive SE, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Jason Liebzeit
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Daniel D. Dressler
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 49 Jesse Hill Jr. Drive SE, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Till BM, Rudolfson N, Saluja S, Gnanaraj J, Samad L, Ljungman D, Shrime M. Who is pirating medical literature? A bibliometric review of 28 million Sci-Hub downloads. LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH 2019; 7:e30-e31. [PMID: 30554757 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(18)30388-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Till
- Harvard Medical School Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Surgery Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Niclas Rudolfson
- Harvard Medical School Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Boston, MA 02115, USA; WHO Collaborating Center for Surgery and Public Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Saurabh Saluja
- Harvard Medical School Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jesudian Gnanaraj
- SEESHA Hospital, Siruvani Main Road, Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lubna Samad
- Indus Health Research Center, Korangi Crossing, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - David Ljungman
- Harvard Medical School Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mark Shrime
- Harvard Medical School Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Himmelstein DS, Romero AR, Levernier JG, Munro TA, McLaughlin SR, Greshake Tzovaras B, Greene CS. Sci-Hub provides access to nearly all scholarly literature. eLife 2018; 7:e32822. [PMID: 29424689 PMCID: PMC5832410 DOI: 10.7554/elife.32822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The website Sci-Hub enables users to download PDF versions of scholarly articles, including many articles that are paywalled at their journal's site. Sci-Hub has grown rapidly since its creation in 2011, but the extent of its coverage has been unclear. Here we report that, as of March 2017, Sci-Hub's database contains 68.9% of the 81.6 million scholarly articles registered with Crossref and 85.1% of articles published in toll access journals. We find that coverage varies by discipline and publisher, and that Sci-Hub preferentially covers popular, paywalled content. For toll access articles, we find that Sci-Hub provides greater coverage than the University of Pennsylvania, a major research university in the United States. Green open access to toll access articles via licit services, on the other hand, remains quite limited. Our interactive browser at https://greenelab.github.io/scihub allows users to explore these findings in more detail. For the first time, nearly all scholarly literature is available gratis to anyone with an Internet connection, suggesting the toll access business model may become unsustainable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Himmelstein
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational TherapeuticsUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | | | - Jacob G Levernier
- Library Technology Services and Strategic InitiativesUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | | | | | - Bastian Greshake Tzovaras
- Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Institute of Cell Biology and NeuroscienceGoethe UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Casey S Greene
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational TherapeuticsUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Efficiently finding and using evidence to guide clinical practice and improve care. JAAPA 2017; 30:31-38. [DOI: 10.1097/01.jaa.0000525915.05473.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
6
|
Hough SH, Ajetunmobi A. The Future of CRISPR Applications in the Lab, the Clinic and Society. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1016:157-178. [PMID: 29130159 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63904-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) has emerged as one of the premiere biological tools of the century. Even more so than older genome editing techniques such as TALENs and ZFNs, CRISPR provides speed and ease-of-use heretofore unheard of in agriculture, the environment and human health. The ability to map the function of virtually every component of the genome in a scalable, multiplexed manner is unprecedented. Once those regions have been explored, CRISPR also presents an opportunity to take advantage of endogenous cellular repair pathways to change and precisely edit the genome [1-3]. In the case of human health, CRISPR operates as both a tool of discovery and a solution to fundamental problems behind disease and undesirable mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soren H Hough
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 418 Morrill Science Center IVN, 649 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - Ayokunmi Ajetunmobi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, St. James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland, James's Street, Dublin 8, Dublin, Leinster, D08 NHY1, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cabanac G. Bibliogifts in LibGen? A study of a text-sharing platform driven by biblioleaks and crowdsourcing. J Assoc Inf Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/asi.23445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Cabanac
- Computer Science Department; IRIT UMR 5505 CNRS; University of Toulouse; 118 Route de Narbonne Toulouse Cedex 9 F-31062 France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Allahbadia GN. Erratum to: Should We be More "Open" About Publishing Research? J Obstet Gynaecol India 2015; 65:69-70. [PMID: 25737629 DOI: 10.1007/s13224-014-0654-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s13224-014-0624-2.].
Collapse
|
9
|
Allahbadia GN. Should We be More "Open" About Publishing Research? J Obstet Gynaecol India 2014; 64:307-10. [PMID: 25368451 DOI: 10.1007/s13224-014-0624-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
10
|
Choong MK, Galgani F, Dunn AG, Tsafnat G. Automatic evidence retrieval for systematic reviews. J Med Internet Res 2014; 16:e223. [PMID: 25274020 PMCID: PMC4211030 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.3369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Snowballing involves recursively pursuing relevant references cited in the retrieved literature and adding them to the search results. Snowballing is an alternative approach to discover additional evidence that was not retrieved through conventional search. Snowballing’s effectiveness makes it best practice in systematic reviews despite being time-consuming and tedious. Objective Our goal was to evaluate an automatic method for citation snowballing’s capacity to identify and retrieve the full text and/or abstracts of cited articles. Methods Using 20 review articles that contained 949 citations to journal or conference articles, we manually searched Microsoft Academic Search (MAS) and identified 78.0% (740/949) of the cited articles that were present in the database. We compared the performance of the automatic citation snowballing method against the results of this manual search, measuring precision, recall, and F1 score. Results The automatic method was able to correctly identify 633 (as proportion of included citations: recall=66.7%, F1 score=79.3%; as proportion of citations in MAS: recall=85.5%, F1 score=91.2%) of citations with high precision (97.7%), and retrieved the full text or abstract for 490 (recall=82.9%, precision=92.1%, F1 score=87.3%) of the 633 correctly retrieved citations. Conclusions The proposed method for automatic citation snowballing is accurate and is capable of obtaining the full texts or abstracts for a substantial proportion of the scholarly citations in review articles. By automating the process of citation snowballing, it may be possible to reduce the time and effort of common evidence surveillance tasks such as keeping trial registries up to date and conducting systematic reviews.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miew Keen Choong
- Centre for Health Informatics, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, University of New South Wales, Kensington NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|