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Yahagi-Estevam M, Farias-Itao DS, Leite REP, Rodriguez RD, Pasqualucci CA, Nitrini R, Jacob-Filho W, Power MC, Suemoto CK. The Potential Role of Selection Bias in the Association Between Coronary Atherosclerosis and Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2023:JAD220820. [PMID: 37182864 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary atherosclerosis assessed in vivo was associated with cognitive impairment; however, conflicting findings have been reported in autopsy samples. OBJECTIVE Our aims were to assess the association between atherosclerotic stenosis in the coronary arteries and cognitive impairment and to investigate the possibility of selection bias in an autopsy study. METHODS Coronary arteries were collected, and the largest luminal stenosis was measured. Sociodemographic, clinical, and cognitive information were reported by a reliable next-of-kin. The association was tested using logistic and linear regressions adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical variables. We restricted the sample to individuals that were born in 1935 or earlier and stratified the analysis by cause of death to investigate the role of selection bias. RESULTS In 253 participants (mean age = 78.0±8.5 years old, 48% male), stenosis was not associated with cognitive impairment (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.69; 1.06, p = 0.15). In individuals who were born before 1936 in the absence of cardiovascular disease as the cause of death, greater stenosis was associated with cognitive impairment (OR = 4.02, 95% CI = 1.39; 11.6, p = 0.01). On the other hand, this association was not present among those born in 1935 or earlier who died of cardiovascular diseases (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.60; 1.16, p = 0.28). CONCLUSION We found that higher coronary stenosis was associated with cognitive impairment only in individuals born in 1935 or earlier and who had not died from cardiovascular diseases. Selection bias may be an important issue when investigating risk factors for chronic degenerative diseases in older individuals using autopsy samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Renata Elaine Paraizo Leite
- Physiopathology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group - LIM22, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Discipline of Geriatrics, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Augusto Pasqualucci
- Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Physiopathology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group - LIM22, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Nitrini
- Physiopathology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group - LIM22, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wilson Jacob-Filho
- Physiopathology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group - LIM22, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Discipline of Geriatrics, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Melinda C Power
- Department of Epidemiology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Claudia Kimie Suemoto
- Physiopathology in Aging Lab/Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group - LIM22, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Discipline of Geriatrics, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Yang X, Feng C, Feng J. Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2023; 28:10742484231151820. [PMID: 36752345 DOI: 10.1177/10742484231151820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a long-term chronic disease, and cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), one of the cardiovascular complications of diabetes, has many uncertain factors. Epicardial fat, as the heart fat bank, functions as fatty tissue and is the heart's endocrine organ. The existence of diabetes affects the distribution of heart fat and promotes the secretion of adipokine. In different pathological conditions, it can promote the secretion of pro-inflammatory adipokine, reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, and even autophagy, thus affecting cardiac function. In this paper, we will elaborate on the mechanism of epicardial fat in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyuan Yang
- Chest Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China
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3
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Farias-Itao DS, Pasqualucci CA, de Andrade RA, da Silva LFF, Yahagi-Estevam M, Lage SHG, Leite REP, Campo AB, Suemoto CK. Macrophage Polarization in the Perivascular Fat Was Associated With Coronary Atherosclerosis. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e023274. [PMID: 35229617 PMCID: PMC9075275 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.023274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Inflammation of the perivascular adipose tissue (PvAT) may be related to atherosclerosis; however, the association of polarized macrophages in the pericoronary PvAT with measurements of atherosclerosis components in humans has not been fully investigated. Methods and Results Coronary arteries were dissected with surrounding PvAT. We evaluated the percentage of arterial obstruction, intima-media thickness, fibrous cap thickness, plaque components, and the number of vasa vasorum. The number of proinflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages in the periplaque and control PvAT were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Regression models adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical variables were used. In 319 segments from 82 individuals, we found a correlation of the M1/M2 macrophage density ratio with an increase in arterial obstruction (P=0.02) and lipid content (P=0.01), and a decrease in smooth muscle cells (P=0.02). M1 and the ratio of M1/M2 macrophages were associated with an increased risk of thrombosis (P=0.03). In plaques with thrombosis, M1 macrophages were correlated with a decrease in fibrous cap thickness (P=0.006), an increase in lipid content (P=0.008), and the number of vasa vasorum in the adventitia layer (P=0.001). M2 macrophages were correlated with increased arterial obstruction (P=0.01), calcification (P=0.02), necrosis (P=0.03) only in plaques without thrombosis, and decrease of the number of vasa vasorum in plaques with thrombosis (P=0.003). Conclusions M1 macrophages in the periplaque PvAT were associated with a higher risk of coronary thrombosis and were correlated with histological components of plaque progression and destabilization. M2 macrophages were correlated with plaque size, calcification, necrotic content, and a decrease in the number of vasa vasorum in the adventitia layer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Renato Araújo de Andrade
- Control and Automation Engineering Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexandre Brincalepe Campo
- Control and Automation Engineering Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Claudia Kimie Suemoto
- Department of Pathology University of Sao Paulo Medical School Sao Paulo Brazil.,Discipline of Geriatrics University of Sao Paulo Medical School Sao Paulo Brazil
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4
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Tretyakova VA, Zhernakova NI, Arisheva OS, Garmash IV, Tretyakov A, Gerasimov NI, Ermilov OV. Meta-Analysis of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Electromechanical Reconstruction of Myocardium. ARCHIVES OF RAZI INSTITUTE 2022; 77:135-140. [PMID: 35891721 PMCID: PMC9288639 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2021.356231.1808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In developed countries, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which results from obesity, has become endemic and kills many adults annually. Health research centers in most countries are looking to examine the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and metabolic biomarkers. A bleeding-prone standard liver biopsy or costly magnetic resonance imaging scan is used to diagnose NAFLD. The present study aimed to analyze medical databases using various scientific articles; moreover, this experiment analyzed medical databases using published scientific articles related to NAFLD, endovascular treatment, cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disorders, changes in the geometry of atria and ventricles, changes in myocardial mass volume as well as diastolic flow left and right ventricular systolic functions, coronary blood flow, analysis of the dependence of epicardial fat tissue (EFT) thickness, and the presence of chronic heart failure (CHF). It is demonstrated that the index of EFT in NAFLD positively correlated with the criteria of cardiovascular health, values of the carotid intima-media thickness, and calcification of the coronary arteries on the coronary artery calcium scale (P<0.0001). The index of per EFT significantly correlated with the factor of the age of the NAFLD patients (P=0.04), hemoglobin A1C level (P<0.001), systemic inflammatory index (P=0.02), the index of impaired glucose tolerance (P=0.03), and especially, the patient's diabetes factor (P<0.001). In addition, adiponectin levels were significantly lower in individuals with NAFLD (P=0.001) and patients with MetS (P=0.02). NAFLD in association with an increase in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, CHF, as well as structural and electrophysiological myocardial remodeling. The study of pathogenetic mechanisms in the context of the role of EAT and clinical monitoring of its condition are urgent problems of modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. A Tretyakova
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Medical Institute, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia,
Department of Internal Medicine with a Course of Cardiology and Functional Diagnostics Named after V. S. Moiseev., Institution of Higher Professional Education, "Peoples' Friendship University of Russia" Moscow, Russia
| | - N. I Zhernakova
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Medical Institute, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
| | - O. S Arisheva
- Department of Internal Medicine with a Course of Cardiology and Functional Diagnostics Named after V. S. Moiseev., Institution of Higher Professional Education, "Peoples' Friendship University of Russia" Moscow, Russia
| | - I. V Garmash
- Department of Internal Medicine with a Course of Cardiology and Functional Diagnostics Named after V. S. Moiseev., Institution of Higher Professional Education, "Peoples' Friendship University of Russia" Moscow, Russia
| | - A Tretyakov
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Medical Institute, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
| | - N. I Gerasimov
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Medical Institute, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
| | - O. V Ermilov
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Medical Institute, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
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5
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Zorc-Pleskovič R, Zorc M, Šuput D, Milutinović A. Inflammatory cells in perivascular adipose tissue and the integrity of the tunica media in atherosclerotic coronary arteries. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2020; 20:183-187. [PMID: 31562801 PMCID: PMC7202195 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2019.4409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) is characterized by inflammation within the atherosclerotic coronary arteries. Infiltration of inflammatory cells into muscular media can lead to remodeling and weakening of the arterial wall. We examined the relationship between inflammatory infiltration in perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), state of the external elastic membrane, and the intensity of inflammatory infiltration in the tunica media of coronary arteries obtained by endarterectomy from symptomatic patients with diffuse CAD. We analyzed endarterectomy sequesters from 22 coronary arteries that contained the intima, media, a part of the adventitia, and PVAT in at least one part of the sequester. The coronary arteries were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of inflammatory infiltration in PVAT. Staining with hematoxylin-eosin and by the Movat's method showed atherosclerotic changes in the intima and media. Immunohistochemistry (anti-leukocyte common antigen [LCA] antibody) was used for the detection of leukocytes. We found a significant positive correlation between inflammatory infiltration in PVAT and preservation of the external elastic membrane of coronary arteries. Furthermore, we found a significant negative correlation between inflammatory infiltration in PVAT and the intensity of inflammatory infiltration in the media. It seems that the integrity of the external elastic membrane and the proinflammatory properties of PVAT restrain inflammatory cells within PVAT. Both effects may prevent the migration of inflammatory cells into the media and delay the development of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruda Zorc-Pleskovič
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; International Center for Cardiovascular Diseases MC Medicor d.d., Izola, Slovenia
| | - Marjeta Zorc
- International Center for Cardiovascular Diseases MC Medicor d.d., Izola, Slovenia
| | - Dušan Šuput
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Center for Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleksandra Milutinović
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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6
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Farias‐Itao DS, Pasqualucci CA, Nishizawa A, da Silva LFF, Campos FM, Bittencourt MS, da Silva KCS, Leite REP, Grinberg LT, Ferretti‐Rebustini REDL, Jacob‐Filho W, Suemoto CK. B Lymphocytes and Macrophages in the Perivascular Adipose Tissue Are Associated With Coronary Atherosclerosis: An Autopsy Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e013793. [PMID: 31818216 PMCID: PMC6951066 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.013793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Macrophages and T lymphocytes in the perivascular adipose tissue (PvAT) were previously linked to coronary artery disease. However, the role of these cells and B lymphocytes in the human PvAT adjacent to unstable atherosclerotic plaques has not been investigated. Moreover, previous studies were inconclusive on whether PvAT inflammation was restricted to the surroundings of the atheroma plaque. Methods and Results Coronary arteries were freshly dissected with the surrounding PvAT. Atherosclerotic plaques were classified according to the internationally accepted anatomopathological criteria. Immune cells in the PvAT were detected using immunohistochemistry and then quantified. We used linear and logistic regressions with robust standard errors, adjusted for possible confounding factors. In 246 atherosclerotic plaques (205 stable and 41 unstable plaques) from 82 participants (mean age=69.0±14.4 years; 50% men), the percentage of arterial obstruction was positively correlated with the densities of CD68+ macrophages (P=0.003) and CD20+ B lymphocytes (P=0.03) in the periplaque PvAT. The number of cells was greater in the periplaque PvAT than in the distal PvAT (macrophages, P<0.001; B lymphocytes, P=0.04). In addition, the density of macrophages in the periplaque PvAT was greater in the presence of unstable plaques (P=0.03) and was also greater near unstable plaques than in the distal PvAT (P=0.001). CD3+ T lymphocytes were not associated with percentage of obstruction and stable/unstable plaque composition. Conclusions The density of CD20+ B lymphocytes and CD68+ macrophages in periplaque PvAT was increased with plaque size, and the CD68+ macrophages were greater near unstable atherosclerotic plaques than near stable lesions. This inflammation was more intense in the periplaque PvAT than in the PvAT distal to the atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aline Nishizawa
- Department of PathologyUniversity of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
| | | | | | - Márcio Sommer Bittencourt
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research and Division of Internal MedicineUniversity HospitalUniversity of São PauloBrazil
- Preventive Medicine Center and Cardiology ProgramHospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloBrazil
| | | | - Renata Elaine Paraízo Leite
- Department of PathologyUniversity of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
- Discipline of GeriatricsUniversity of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
| | - Lea Tenenholz Grinberg
- Department of PathologyUniversity of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging CenterUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan Francisco, CA
| | - Renata Eloah de Lucena Ferretti‐Rebustini
- Department of PathologyUniversity of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
- Medical‐Surgical Nursing DepartmentUniversity of São Paulo School of NursingSão PauloBrazil
| | - Wilson Jacob‐Filho
- Department of PathologyUniversity of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
- Discipline of GeriatricsUniversity of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
| | - Claudia Kimie Suemoto
- Department of PathologyUniversity of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
- Discipline of GeriatricsUniversity of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
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7
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Santiago-Fernández C, Pérez-Belmonte LM, Millán-Gómez M, Moreno-Santos I, Carrasco-Chinchilla F, Ruiz-Salas A, Morcillo-Hidalgo L, Melero JM, Garrido-Sánchez L, Jiménez-Navarro M. Overexpression of scavenger receptor and infiltration of macrophage in epicardial adipose tissue of patients with ischemic heart disease and diabetes. J Transl Med 2019; 17:95. [PMID: 30894181 PMCID: PMC6425581 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1842-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidized low-density lipoproteins and scavenger receptors (SRs) play an important role in the formation and development of atherosclerotic plaques. However, little is known about their presence in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT). The objective of the study was to evaluate the mRNA expression of different SRs in EAT of patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD), stratifying by diabetes status and its association with clinical and biochemical variables. Methods We analyzed the mRNA expression of SRs (LOX-1, MSR1, CXCL16, CD36 and CL-P1) and macrophage markers (CD68, CD11c and CD206) in EAT from 45 patients with IHD (23 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 22 without T2DM) and 23 controls without IHD or T2DM. Results LOX-1, CL-P1, CD68 and CD11c mRNA expression were significantly higher in diabetic patients with IHD when compared with those without T2DM and control patients. MSR1, CXCL16, CD36 and CD206 showed no significant differences. In IHD patients, LOX-1 (OR 2.9; 95% CI 1.6–6.7; P = 0.019) and CD68 mRNA expression (OR 1.7; 95% CI 0.98–4.5; P = 0.049) were identified as independent risk factors associated with T2DM. Glucose and glycated hemoglobin were also shown to be risk factors. Conclusions SRs mRNA expression is found in EAT. LOX-1 and CD68 and were higher in IHD patients with T2DM and were identified as a cardiovascular risk factor of T2DM. This study suggests the importance of EAT in coronary atherosclerosis among patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Santiago-Fernández
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital (IBIMA), Malaga University, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29010, Malaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Malaga, Spain
| | - Luis M Pérez-Belmonte
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Área del Corazón, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Campus Universitario de Teatinos, s/n., Malaga, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Malaga, Spain.
| | - Mercedes Millán-Gómez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Área del Corazón, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Campus Universitario de Teatinos, s/n., Malaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Malaga, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Moreno-Santos
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Área del Corazón, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Campus Universitario de Teatinos, s/n., Malaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Malaga, Spain
| | - Fernando Carrasco-Chinchilla
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Área del Corazón, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Campus Universitario de Teatinos, s/n., Malaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Malaga, Spain
| | - Amalio Ruiz-Salas
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Área del Corazón, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Campus Universitario de Teatinos, s/n., Malaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Malaga, Spain
| | - Luis Morcillo-Hidalgo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Área del Corazón, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Campus Universitario de Teatinos, s/n., Malaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Malaga, Spain
| | - José M Melero
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Área del Corazón, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Campus Universitario de Teatinos, s/n., Malaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Malaga, Spain
| | - Lourdes Garrido-Sánchez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital (IBIMA), Malaga University, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29010, Malaga, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Malaga, Spain.
| | - Manuel Jiménez-Navarro
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Área del Corazón, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Campus Universitario de Teatinos, s/n., Malaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Malaga, Spain
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8
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Kagota S, Iwata S, Maruyama K, McGuire JJ, Shinozuka K. Time-Dependent Differences in the Influence of Perivascular Adipose Tissue on Vasomotor Functions in Metabolic Syndrome. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2017; 15:233-239. [PMID: 28358621 DOI: 10.1089/met.2016.0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) facilitates the development of cardiovascular disease due to atherosclerosis, which is accelerated by defects of the vascular endothelium. Vascular dysfunction in response to nitric oxide (NO) occurs in the mesenteric arteries of an animal model of MetS, SHRSP.Z-Leprfa/IzmDmcr (SHRSP.ZF) rats. Vascular responses to vasodilators are affected by perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) that surrounds the outsides of arteries. In this study, we assessed the role of PVAT in vascular dysfunction observed in SHRSP.ZF. METHODS To determine the effects of PVAT on vasodilators in SHRSP.ZF and control Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, we used organ bath bioassay techniques to assay acetylcholine and nitroprusside-induced relaxations of isolated mesenteric arterial ring preparations with PVAT intact or removed. RESULTS A PVAT-mediated enhancement of relaxations induced by acetylcholine and nitroprusside occurred in SHRSP.ZF at 20 weeks of age, but not at 10 and 30 weeks, and did not occur in WKY. Furthermore, the enhancing effects of PVAT from SHRSP.ZF at 20 weeks could not be substituted by replacement with PVAT from either WKY or 30-week-old SHRSP.ZF, was inhibited by NO synthase inhibitor, and abolished by removal of the arteries' endothelium. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) accumulation elicited by nitroprusside was higher in SHRSP.ZF arteries with PVAT than arteries without PVAT at 20 weeks, but the enhancement of cGMP accumulation did not occur at 30 weeks. CONCLUSIONS PVAT may regulate arterial tone by releasing diffusible vasorelaxing factor(s), which, through endothelium-derived NO production, compensates for impaired vasodilations at early stages of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Kagota
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University , Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Saki Iwata
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University , Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Kana Maruyama
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University , Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - John J McGuire
- 2 Faculty of Medicine, Division of BioMedical Sciences, Memorial University , St. John's, Canada
| | - Kazumasa Shinozuka
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University , Nishinomiya, Japan
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