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Dada S, van der Walt C, May AA, Murray J. Intelligent assistive technology devices for persons with dementia: A scoping review. Assist Technol 2024; 36:338-351. [PMID: 34644248 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2021.1992540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Assistive technology (AT) with context-aware computing and artificial intelligence capabilities can be applied to address cognitive and communication impairments experienced by persons with dementia (PwD). This paper aims to provide an overview of current literature regarding some characteristics of intelligent assistive technology devices (IATDs) for cognitive and communicative impairments of PwD. It also aims to identify the areas of impairment addressed by these IATDs.A multi-faceted systematic search strategy yielded records. Predefined criteria were applied for inclusion and data extraction. Thereafter data was thematically analysed and synthesised. This review demonstrates that almost all of the research involving IATDs has focused on cognitive impairments of PwD and has not yet evolved past the conceptual or prototype stages of development. Summaries of commercially available IATDs for PwD and relevant prototypes are provided at the end of this review.This research concluded that IATDs for PwD targeting cognition and communication problems primarily focus on social robots, and that they address cognitive impairments of attention, affect, and social-pragmatic communicative impairments. Future research endeavours concerning AT for PwD should explore collaboration between computer engineering and health practitioners to address the identified gaps. This may contribute to the available information for evidence-based decision making for PwD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakila Dada
- Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication, University of Pretoria
| | | | - Adele A May
- Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication, University of Pretoria
| | - Janice Murray
- Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication, University of Pretoria
- Manchester Metropolitan University
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Zhang Q, Wong AKC, Bayuo J. The Role of Chatbots in Enhancing Health Care for Older Adults: A Scoping Review. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2024; 25:105108. [PMID: 38917965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2024.105108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This scoping review aimed to review the characteristics, applications, evaluation approaches, and challenges regarding the use of chatbots in older adults. DESIGN The scoping review followed the methodological framework by Arksey and O'Malley, with revisions proposed by Levac et al. The findings were reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The reviewed articles primarily focused on older adults, with research conducted in both clinical and nonclinical settings. METHODS Studies published from January 2010 to May 2023 were searched through 8 databases. A total of 29 studies were identified and evaluated in this review. RESULTS Results showed that the chatbots were mainly delivered via mobile applications (n = 11), most of them used text as input (n = 16) and output modality (n = 13), and most of them targeted at improving the overall well-being of the older adults (n = 9); most chatbots were designed for fulfilling complex health care needs (n = 7) and health information collection (n = 6). Evaluation approaches of chatbots captured in this review were divided into technical performance, user acceptability, and effectiveness; challenges of applying chatbots to older adults lie in the design of the chatbot, user perception, and operational difficulties. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The use of chatbots in the field of older adults is still emerging, with a lack of specifically designed options for older users. Data about the health impact of chatbots as alternative interventions were still limited. More standardized evaluation criteria and robust controlled experiments are needed for further research regarding the effectiveness of chatbots in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Arkers Kwan Ching Wong
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jonathan Bayuo
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Niu S, Hong W, Ma Y. How Expectations and Trust in Telemedicine Contribute to Older Adults' Sense of Control: An Empirical Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1685. [PMID: 39273710 PMCID: PMC11394832 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12171685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
As numerous nations transition into digital and aging societies, the digital divide has emerged as a significant impediment to older adults' autonomous engagement in the digital society. Enhancing the well-being of elderly individuals through remote medical technology represents a prevailing and prospective trend. Nevertheless, remote medical technology extends beyond the realm of healthcare, offering promise for narrowing the digital divide through the deployment of digital devices and provision of intergenerational support. Therefore, this study investigates the role of trust and expectations in the use of telemedicine, indicating potential pathways for how these products can improve older adults' daily living abilities. Through the construction of a theoretical model, we collected the relevant data of 661 elderly people who use telemedicine technology in China and analyzed the data with SmartPLS4 to obtain the research results. The study discovered that, among older people using telemedicine technology, (1) healthcare expectations promote the breadth of telemedicine product use; (2) trust in product safety increases the depth of telemedicine product use; (3) trust in the service provider promotes the breadth of telemedicine product use; and (4) when compared to the depth of product use, the breadth of telemedicine product use increases older adults' sense of control over their digital lives. The findings provide new empirical data to support growing beliefs about how expectations and trust can increase a sense of control over one's life. They also provide practical contributions on how to boost older adults' usage of telemedicine products, promote their digital literacy and competency, and enhance their sense of control over their digital lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Niu
- School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wenjia Hong
- School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yiming Ma
- School of Management Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu 233030, China
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Mujirishvili T, Cabrero-Garćıa J, Fló rez-Revuelta F, Richart-Mart´ınez M. Navigating the crossroads of aging, caregiving and technology: Insights from a southern Spain about video-based technology in the care context. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241271856. [PMID: 39221088 PMCID: PMC11363029 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241271856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective As the world faces an aging population, the complexities of care management become increasingly pronounced. While technological solutions hold promise in addressing the dynamic demands of care, many nuances are to be considered in the design and implementation of active and assisted living technologies (AAL) for older adult care. This qualitative study, set in southern Spain, is positioned at the crossroads of healthcare challenges, as seen by the different actors involved in the care process and the technological solutions developed in response to these challenges. By investigating the complex landscape of caregiving and by examining the experiences and challenges faced by caregivers, healthcare professionals, and older adults, we aim to guide the development of vision-based AAL technologies that are responsive to the genuine needs of older adults and those requiring care. Methods A qualitative research methodology was used in the study. In total15 in-depth interviews and five focus groups were conducted with a diverse group of stakeholders involved in the process of care provision and reception. Results While the results demonstrate that there is a readiness for technological solutions, concerns over privacy and trust highlight the need for a carefully integrated, human-centric approach to technology in caregiving. Conclusion This research serves as a compass, guiding future discussions on the intersection of aging, technology, and care, with the ultimate goal of transforming caregiving into a collaborative and enriching journey for all stakeholders involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Mujirishvili
- Department of Nursing, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain
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Xie L, Hu H, Lin J, Mo PKH. Psychometric validation of the Chinese digital health literacy instrument among Chinese older adults who have internet use experience. Int J Older People Nurs 2024; 19:e12568. [PMID: 37831059 DOI: 10.1111/opn.12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this digital age, the Internet has become a major source of health information, and electronic health (eHealth) literacy becomes increasingly important for older individuals to properly use the extensive eHealth resources for self-care. A valid and reliable tool for assessing older people's eHealth literacy would help healthcare workers identify those disadvantaged groups in digital health and provide relevant health education. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of DHLI in assessing eHealth literacy among older adults in China. METHODS A web-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 277 Chinese older adults from September to November 2021. Two weeks after the first completion, 62 of them answered the C-DHLI again. The reliability (e.g. internal consistency and test-retest reliability), factorial structure and validity (i.e. content validity and convergent validity) of the C-DHLI were evaluated based on the survey data. RESULTS The results demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: 0.94) and test-retest reliability (total intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]: 0.94) of the C-DHLI. Principal component analysis revealed that the 18 items of C-DHLI loaded on three factors, accounting for 74.69% of the total variance; CFA supported its three-factor structure with good model fits. Convergent validity was examined by the significant associations between C-DHLI and C-eHEALS (r = 0.61), health literacy (r = 0.56), and whether having used the Internet for health information (ρ = 0.43) (ps <.001). A cut-off score of 45 was recommended for determining higher and lower literacy using the C-DHLI, with the area under curve of 0.82 (95% CI = 0.77-0.88). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The C-DHLI showed good psychometric performance in assessing eHealth literacy among Chinese older adults. The findings can support healthcare professionals to effectively measure eHealth literacy among older adults and conduct tailored eHealth interventions or training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Xie
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huahua Hu
- Research Centre of Adolescent Psychology and Behaviour, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaer Lin
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Phoenix K H Mo
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Garnett A, Yurkiv H, Booth R, Connelly D, Donelle L. Web-Based Presence for Social Connectedness in Long-Term Care: Protocol for a Qualitative Multimethods Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e50137. [PMID: 37889518 PMCID: PMC10638636 DOI: 10.2196/50137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic and resultant restrictions on social gatherings significantly impacted many peoples' sense of social connectedness, defined as an individual's subjective sense of having close relationships with others. Older adults living in long-term care homes (LTCHs) experienced extreme restrictions on social gatherings, which negatively impacted their physical and mental health as well as the health and well-being of their family caregivers. Their experiences highlighted the need to reconceptualize social connectedness. In particular, the pandemic highlighted the need to explore novel ways to attain fulfilling relationships with others in the absence of physical gatherings such as through the use of a hybridized system of web-based and in-person presence. OBJECTIVE Given the potential benefits and challenges of web-based presence technology within LTCHs, the proposed research objectives are to (1) explore experiences regarding the use of web-based presence technology (WPT) in support of social connectedness between older adults in LTCHs and their family members, and (2) identify the contextual factors that must be addressed for successful WPT implementation within LTCHs. METHODS This study will take place in south western Ontario, Canada, and be guided by a qualitative multimethod research design conducted in three stages: (1) qualitive description with in-depth qualitative interviews guided by the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and analyzed using content analysis; (2) qualitative description and document analysis methodologies, informed by content and thematic analysis methods; and (3) explicit between-methods triangulation of study findings from stages 1 and 2, interpretation of findings and development of a guiding framework for technology implementation within LTCHs. Using a purposeful, maximum variation sampling approach, stage 1 will involve recruiting approximately 45 participants comprising a range of older adults, family members (30 participants) and staff (15 participants) within several LTCH settings. In stage 2, theoretical sampling will be used to recruit key LTCH stakeholders (directors, administrators, and IT support). In stage 3, the findings from stages 1 and 2 will be triangulated and interpreted to develop a working framework for WPT usage within LTCHs. RESULTS Data collection will begin in fall 2023. The findings emerging from this study will provide insights and understanding about how the factors, barriers, and facilitators to embedding and spreading WPT in LTCHs may benefit or negatively impact older adults in LTCHs, family caregivers, and staff and administrators of LTCHs. CONCLUSIONS The results of this research study will provide a greater understanding of potential approaches that could be used to successfully integrate WPTs in LTCHs. Additionally, benefits as well as challenges for older adults in LTCHs, family caregivers, and staff and administrators of LTCHs will be identified. These findings will help increase knowledge and understanding of how WPT may be used to support social connectedness between older adults in LTCHs and their family members. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/50137.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Garnett
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Halyna Yurkiv
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Richard Booth
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Denise Connelly
- School of Physical Therapy, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Lorie Donelle
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
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Manero A, Crawford KE, Prock‐Gibbs H, Shah N, Gandhi D, Coathup MJ. Improving disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment using novel bionic technologies. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10359. [PMID: 36684104 PMCID: PMC9842045 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased human life expectancy, due in part to improvements in infant and childhood survival, more active lifestyles, in combination with higher patient expectations for better health outcomes, is leading to an extensive change in the number, type and manner in which health conditions are treated. Over the next decades as the global population rapidly progresses toward a super-aging society, meeting the long-term quality of care needs is forecast to present a major healthcare challenge. The goal is to ensure longer periods of good health, a sustained sense of well-being, with extended periods of activity, social engagement, and productivity. To accomplish these goals, multifunctionalized interfaces are an indispensable component of next generation medical technologies. The development of more sophisticated materials and devices as well as an improved understanding of human disease is forecast to revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of conditions ranging from osteoarthritis to Alzheimer's disease and will impact disease prevention. This review examines emerging cutting-edge bionic materials, devices and technologies developed to advance disease prevention, and medical care and treatment in our elderly population including developments in smart bandages, cochlear implants, and the increasing role of artificial intelligence and nanorobotics in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Manero
- Limbitless SolutionsUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFloridaUSA
- Biionix ClusterUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFloridaUSA
| | - Kaitlyn E. Crawford
- Biionix ClusterUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFloridaUSA
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFloridaUSA
| | | | - Neel Shah
- College of MedicineUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFloridaUSA
| | - Deep Gandhi
- College of MedicineUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFloridaUSA
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McDonald AP, Rizzotti R, Rivera JM, D'Arcy RCN, Park G, Song X. Toward improved homecare of frail older adults: A focus group study synthesizing patient and caregiver perspectives. Aging Med (Milton) 2021; 4:4-11. [PMID: 33738374 PMCID: PMC7954833 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adopting a better understanding of how both older adults and health care providers view the community management of frailty is necessary for improving home health, especially facing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We conducted a qualitative focus group study to assess how both older adults and health care providers view frailty and virtual health care in home health. METHODS Two focus groups enrolled home-living older adults and health care professionals, respectively (n = 15). Questions targeting the use of virtual / telehealth technologies in-home care for frail older adults were administered at audio-recorded group interviews. Transcribed discussions were coded and analyzed using NVivo software. RESULTS The older adult group emphasized the autonomy related to increasing frailty and social isolation and the need for transparent dissemination of health care planning. They were optimistic about remote technology-based supports and suggested that telehealth / health-monitoring/tracking were in high demand. Health care professionals emphasized the importance of a holistic biopsychosocial approach to frailty management. They highlighted the need for standardized early assessment and management of frailty. CONCLUSIONS The integrated perspectives provided an updated understanding of what older adults and practitioners value in home-living supports. This knowledge is helpful to advancing virtual home care, providing better care for frail individuals with complex health care needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P. McDonald
- Health Sciences and InnovationSurrey Memorial HospitalFraser HealthSurreyBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | | | - Joanna M. Rivera
- Health Sciences and InnovationSurrey Memorial HospitalFraser HealthSurreyBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Faculty of Health SciencesSimon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Ryan C. N. D'Arcy
- Health Sciences and InnovationSurrey Memorial HospitalFraser HealthSurreyBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Faculty of Applied SciencesSimon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Grace Park
- Community Actions and Resources Empowering Seniors (CARES)Fraser HealthSurreyBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Home and Community Care MedicineFraser HealthSurreyBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Xiaowei Song
- Health Sciences and InnovationSurrey Memorial HospitalFraser HealthSurreyBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Faculty of ScienceSimon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBritish ColumbiaCanada
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Belmonte LM, García AS, Morales R, de la Vara JL, López de la Rosa F, Fernández-Caballero A. Feeling of Safety and Comfort towards a Socially Assistive Unmanned Aerial Vehicle That Monitors People in a Virtual Home. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21030908. [PMID: 33572833 PMCID: PMC7866270 DOI: 10.3390/s21030908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) represent a new model of social robots for home care of dependent persons. In this regard, this article introduces a study on people’s feeling of safety and comfort while watching the monitoring trajectory of a quadrotor dedicated to determining their condition. Three main parameters are evaluated: the relative monitoring altitude, the monitoring velocity and the shape of the monitoring path around the person (ellipsoidal or circular). For this purpose, a new trajectory generator based on a state machine, which is successfully implemented and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink®, is described. The study is carried out with 37 participants using a virtual reality (VR) platform based on two modules, UAV simulator and VR Visualiser, both communicating through the MQTT protocol. The participants’ preferences have been a high relative monitoring altitude, a high monitoring velocity and a circular path. These choices are a starting point for the design of trustworthy socially assistive UAVs flying in real homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia M. Belmonte
- Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica, Automática y Comunicaciones, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (L.M.B.); (R.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.S.G.); (J.L.d.l.V.); (F.L.d.l.R.)
| | - Arturo S. García
- Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.S.G.); (J.L.d.l.V.); (F.L.d.l.R.)
- Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Rafael Morales
- Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica, Automática y Comunicaciones, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (L.M.B.); (R.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.S.G.); (J.L.d.l.V.); (F.L.d.l.R.)
| | - Jose Luis de la Vara
- Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.S.G.); (J.L.d.l.V.); (F.L.d.l.R.)
- Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Francisco López de la Rosa
- Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.S.G.); (J.L.d.l.V.); (F.L.d.l.R.)
| | - Antonio Fernández-Caballero
- Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.S.G.); (J.L.d.l.V.); (F.L.d.l.R.)
- Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28016 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-967599200
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Ho A. Are we ready for artificial intelligence health monitoring in elder care? BMC Geriatr 2020; 20:358. [PMID: 32957946 PMCID: PMC7504871 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-01764-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The world is experiencing a dramatic increase in the aging population, challenging the sustainability of traditional care models that have relied on in-person monitoring. This debate article discusses whether artificial intelligence health monitoring may be suitable enhancement or replacement for elder care. Main text Internationally, as life expectancy continues to rise, many countries are facing a severe shortage of direct care workers. The health workforce is aging, and replacement remains a challenge. Artificial intelligence health monitoring technologies may play a novel and significant role in filling the human resource gaps in caring for older adults by complementing current care provision, reducing the burden on family caregivers, and improving the quality of care. Nonetheless, opportunities brought on by these emerging technologies raise ethical questions that must be addressed to ensure that these automated systems can truly enhance care and health outcomes for older adults. This debate article explores some ethical dimensions of using automated health monitoring technologies. It argues that, in order for these health monitoring technologies to fulfill the wishes of older adults to age in place and also to empower them and improve their quality of life, we need deep knowledge of how stakeholders may balance their considerations of relational care, safety, and privacy. Conclusion It is only when we design artificial intelligence health monitoring technologies with intersecting clinical and ethical factors in mind that the resulting systems will enhance productive relational care, facilitate independent living, promote older adults’ health outcomes, and minimize waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Ho
- Centre for Applied Ethics, University of British Columbia, 227 - 6356 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z2, Canada. .,Bioethics Program, University of California San Francisco, Vancouver, Canada. .,Centre for Health Evaluation & Outcome Sciences, Vancouver, Canada.
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Buchanan C, Howitt ML, Wilson R, Booth RG, Risling T, Bamford M. Nursing in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Protocol for a Scoping Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2020; 9:e17490. [PMID: 32297873 PMCID: PMC7193433 DOI: 10.2196/17490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is predicted that digital health technologies that incorporate artificial intelligence will transform health care delivery in the next decade. Little research has explored how emerging trends in artificial intelligence-driven digital health technologies may influence the relationship between nurses and patients. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this scoping review is to summarize the findings from 4 research questions regarding emerging trends in artificial intelligence-driven digital health technologies and their influence on nursing practice across the 5 domains outlined by the Canadian Nurses Association framework: administration, clinical care, education, policy, and research. Specifically, this scoping review will examine how emerging trends will transform the roles and functions of nurses over the next 10 years and beyond. METHODS Using an established scoping review methodology, MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central, Education Resources Information Centre, Scopus, Web of Science, and Proquest databases were searched. In addition to the electronic database searches, a targeted website search will be performed to access relevant grey literature. Abstracts and full-text studies will be independently screened by 2 reviewers using prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Included literature will focus on nursing and digital health technologies that incorporate artificial intelligence. Data will be charted using a structured form and narratively summarized. RESULTS Electronic database searches have retrieved 10,318 results. The scoping review and subsequent briefing paper will be completed by the fall of 2020. CONCLUSIONS A symposium will be held to share insights gained from this scoping review with key thought leaders and a cross section of stakeholders from administration, clinical care, education, policy, and research as well as patient advocates. The symposium will provide a forum to explore opportunities for action to advance the future of nursing in a technological world and, more specifically, nurses' delivery of compassionate care in the age of artificial intelligence. Results from the symposium will be summarized in the form of a briefing paper and widely disseminated to relevant stakeholders. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/17490.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rita Wilson
- Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Richard G Booth
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Tracie Risling
- College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Megan Bamford
- Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Ghazali AS, Ham J, Barakova E, Markopoulos P. Persuasive Robots Acceptance Model (PRAM): Roles of Social Responses Within the Acceptance Model of Persuasive Robots. Int J Soc Robot 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12369-019-00611-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn the last years, there have been rapid developments in social robotics, which bring about the prospect of their application as persuasive robots to support behavior change. In order to guide related developments and pave the way for their adoption, it is important to understand the factors that influence the acceptance of social robots as persuasive agents. This study extends the technology acceptance model by including measures of social responses. The social responses include trusting belief, compliance, liking, and psychological reactance. Using the Wizard of Oz method, a laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate user acceptance and social responses towards a social robot called SociBot. This robot was used as a persuasive agent in making decisions in donating to charities. Using partial least squares method, results showed that trusting beliefs and liking towards the robot significantly add the predictive power of the acceptance model of persuasive robots. However, due to the limitations of the study design, psychological reactance and compliance were not found to contribute to the prediction of persuasive robots’ acceptance. Implications for the development of persuasive robots are discussed.
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Cavallo F, Esposito R, Limosani R, Manzi A, Bevilacqua R, Felici E, Di Nuovo A, Cangelosi A, Lattanzio F, Dario P. Robotic Services Acceptance in Smart Environments With Older Adults: User Satisfaction and Acceptability Study. J Med Internet Res 2018; 20:e264. [PMID: 30249588 PMCID: PMC6231879 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.9460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Europe, the population of older people is increasing rapidly. Many older people prefer to remain in their homes but living alone could be a risk for their safety. In this context, robotics and other emerging technologies are increasingly proposed as potential solutions to this societal concern. However, one-third of all assistive technologies are abandoned within one year of use because the end users do not accept them. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate the acceptance of the Robot-Era system, which provides robotic services to permit older people to remain in their homes. METHODS Six robotic services were tested by 35 older users. The experiments were conducted in three different environments: private home, condominium, and outdoor sites. The appearance questionnaire was developed to collect the users' first impressions about the Robot-Era system, whereas the acceptance was evaluated through a questionnaire developed ad hoc for Robot-Era. RESULTS A total of 45 older users were recruited. The people were grouped in two samples of 35 participants, according to their availability. Participants had a positive impression of Robot-Era robots, as reflected by the mean score of 73.04 (SD 11.80) for DORO's (domestic robot) appearance, 76.85 (SD 12.01) for CORO (condominium robot), and 75.93 (SD 11.67) for ORO (outdoor robot). Men gave ORO's appearance an overall score higher than women (P=.02). Moreover, participants younger than 75 years understood more readily the functionalities of Robot-Era robots compared to older people (P=.007 for DORO, P=.001 for CORO, and P=.046 for ORO). For the ad hoc questionnaire, the mean overall score was higher than 80 out of 100 points for all Robot-Era services. Older persons with a high educational level gave Robot-Era services a higher score than those with a low level of education (shopping: P=.04; garbage: P=.047; reminding: P=.04; indoor walking support: P=.006; outdoor walking support: P=.03). A higher score was given by male older adults for shopping (P=.02), indoor walking support (P=.02), and outdoor walking support (P=.03). CONCLUSIONS Based on the feedback given by the end users, the Robot-Era system has the potential to be developed as a socially acceptable and believable provider of robotic services to facilitate older people to live independently in their homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Cavallo
- Assistive Robotics Lab, The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera, Italy
| | - Raffaele Esposito
- Assistive Robotics Lab, The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera, Italy
| | - Raffaele Limosani
- Assistive Robotics Lab, The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera, Italy
| | - Alessandro Manzi
- Assistive Robotics Lab, The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera, Italy
| | - Roberta Bevilacqua
- Laboratorio di Bioinformatica, Bioingegenria e Domotica, Istituto Nazionale di Riposo e Cura per Anziani, Ancona, Italy
| | - Elisa Felici
- Laboratorio di Bioinformatica, Bioingegenria e Domotica, Istituto Nazionale di Riposo e Cura per Anziani, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Di Nuovo
- Sheffield Robotics, Department of Computing, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Angelo Cangelosi
- School of Computing, Electronics and Mathematics, Plymouth University, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Fabrizia Lattanzio
- Laboratorio di Bioinformatica, Bioingegenria e Domotica, Istituto Nazionale di Riposo e Cura per Anziani, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paolo Dario
- Assistive Robotics Lab, The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera, Italy
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Review of emerging surgical robotic technology. Surg Endosc 2018; 32:1636-1655. [PMID: 29442240 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-018-6079-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of laparoscopic and robotic procedures has increased in general surgery. Minimally invasive robotic surgery has made tremendous progress in a relatively short period of time, realizing improvements for both the patient and surgeon. This has led to an increase in the use and development of robotic devices and platforms for general surgery. The purpose of this review is to explore current and emerging surgical robotic technologies in a growing and dynamic environment of research and development. METHODS This review explores medical and surgical robotic endoscopic surgery and peripheral technologies currently available or in development. The devices discussed here are specific to general surgery, including laparoscopy, colonoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and thoracoscopy. Benefits and limitations of each technology were identified and applicable future directions were described. RESULTS A number of FDA-approved devices and platforms for robotic surgery were reviewed, including the da Vinci Surgical System, Sensei X Robotic Catheter System, FreeHand 1.2, invendoscopy E200 system, Flex® Robotic System, Senhance, ARES, the Single-Port Instrument Delivery Extended Research (SPIDER), and the NeoGuide Colonoscope. Additionally, platforms were reviewed which have not yet obtained FDA approval including MiroSurge, ViaCath System, SPORT™ Surgical System, SurgiBot, Versius Robotic System, Master and Slave Transluminal Endoscopic Robot, Verb Surgical, Miniature In Vivo Robot, and the Einstein Surgical Robot. CONCLUSIONS The use and demand for robotic medical and surgical platforms is increasing and new technologies are continually being developed. New technologies are increasingly implemented to improve on the capabilities of previously established systems. Future studies are needed to further evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each robotic surgical device and platform in the operating suite.
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