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Nguyen UTT, Youn E, Le TAN, Ha NM, Tran SH, Lee S, Cha JW, Park JS, Kwon HC, Kang K. Photodynamic treatment increases the lifespan and oxidative stress resistance of Caenorhabditis elegans. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 221:98-110. [PMID: 38754743 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is a noninvasive treatment in which specific photosensitizers and light are used to produce high amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can be employed for targeted tissue destruction in cancer treatment or antimicrobial therapy. However, it remains unknown whether lower amounts of ROS produced by mild photodynamic therapy increase lifespan and stress resistance at the organism level. Here, we introduce a novel photodynamic treatment (PDTr) that uses 20 μM hypericin, a photosensitizer that originates from Hypericum perforatum, and orange light (590 nm, 5.4 W/m2, 1 min) to induce intracellular ROS formation (ROS), thereby resulting in lifespan extension and improved stress resistance in C. elegans. The PDTr-induced increase in longevity was abrogated by N-acetyl cysteine, suggesting the hormetic response was driven by prooxidative mechanisms. PDTr activated the translocation of SKN-1/NRF-2 and DAF-16/FOXO, leading to elevated expression of downstream oxidative stress-responsive genes, including ctl-1, gst-4, and sod-3. In summary, our findings suggest a novel PDTr method that extends the lifespan of C. elegans under both normal and oxidative stress conditions through the activation of SKN-1 and DAF-16 via the involvement of many antioxidant genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uyen Tran Tu Nguyen
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea; Natural Product Applied Science, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Esther Youn
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Tram Anh Ngoc Le
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Ngoc Minh Ha
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea; Natural Product Applied Science, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Son Hung Tran
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea; Natural Product Applied Science, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyun Lee
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea; Natural Product Applied Science, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Wook Cha
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Park
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea; Natural Product Applied Science, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Cheol Kwon
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsu Kang
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea; Natural Product Applied Science, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Fulton TL, Wansbrough MR, Mirth CK, Piper MDW. Short-term fasting of a single amino acid extends lifespan. GeroScience 2024; 46:3607-3615. [PMID: 38305939 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01078-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet and health are strongly linked, though the strict changes in diet required to improve health outcomes are usually difficult to sustain. We sought to understand whether short-term bouts of amino acid-specific modifications to the diet of Drosophila melanogaster could mimic the lifespan and stress resistance benefits of dietary restriction, without the requirement for drastic reductions in food intake. We found that flies that were transiently fed diets lacking the essential amino acid isoleucine, but otherwise nutritionally complete, exhibited enhanced nicotine tolerance, indicating elevated detoxification capacity. The protection from isoleucine deprivation increased with the duration of exposure, up to a maximum at 7-day isoleucine deprivation for flies 2, 3, or 4 weeks of age, and a 5-day deprivation when flies were 5 weeks of age. Because of these beneficial effects on toxin resistance, we intermittently deprived flies of isoleucine during the first 6 weeks of adulthood and monitored the effect on lifespan. Lifespan was significantly extended when flies experienced short-term isoleucine deprivation at 3 and 5 weeks of age, regardless of whether they were also deprived at 1 week. These results indicate that short-term bouts of isoleucine deprivation can extend lifespan and highlight its cumulative and time-dependent benefits. Interestingly, we found that isoleucine-deprived flies lost their protection against nicotine within 3 days of returning to fully fed conditions. Therefore, the mechanisms underlying lifespan extension may involve transient damage clearance during the bouts of isoleucine deprivation rather than sustained enhanced detoxification capacity. These data highlight a new time-restricted, nutritionally precise method to extend life in Drosophila melanogaster and point to a more manageable dietary method to combat ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahlia L Fulton
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Mia R Wansbrough
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Christen K Mirth
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Matthew D W Piper
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia.
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3
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Viña J, Borrás C. Unlocking the biochemical secrets of longevity: balancing healthspan and lifespan. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 38956807 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
In an era of rising global life expectancies, research focuses on enhancing the quality of extended years. This review examines the link between mitochondrial function and aging, highlighting the importance of healthspan alongside lifespan. This involves significant human and economic challenges, with longer lifespans often accompanied by reduced well-being. Addressing mitochondrial decline, exploring targeted interventions, and understanding the complexities of research models are vital for advancing our knowledge in this field. Additionally, promoting physical exercise and adopting personalized supplementation strategies based on individual needs can contribute to healthy aging. The insights from this Perspective article offer a hopeful outlook for future advances in extending both lifespan and healthspan, aiming to improve the overall quality of life in aging populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Viña
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Consuelo Borrás
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Spain
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4
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Ponticelli C, Reggiani F, Moroni G. Autophagy: A Silent Protagonist in Kidney Transplantation. Transplantation 2024; 108:1532-1541. [PMID: 37953477 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent regulated mechanism that recycles unnecessary cytoplasmic components. It is now known that autophagy dysfunction may have a pathogenic role in several human diseases and conditions, including kidney transplantation. Both defective and excessive autophagy may induce or aggravate several complications of kidney transplantation, such as ischemia-reperfusion injury, alloimmune response, and immunosuppressive treatment and side effects. Although it is still complicated to measure autophagy levels in clinical practice, more attention should be paid to the factors that may influence autophagy. In kidney transplantation, the association of low doses of a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor with low doses of a calcineurin inhibitor may be of benefit for autophagy modulation. However, further studies are needed to explore the role of other autophagy regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Reggiani
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Moroni
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
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5
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Da W, Chen Q, Shen B. The current insights of mitochondrial hormesis in the occurrence and treatment of bone and cartilage degeneration. Biol Res 2024; 57:37. [PMID: 38824571 PMCID: PMC11143644 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-024-00494-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that aging, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular phenotypic abnormalities are intricately associated with the degeneration of bone and cartilage. Consequently, gaining a comprehensive understanding of the regulatory patterns governing mitochondrial function and its underlying mechanisms holds promise for mitigating the progression of osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration, and osteoporosis. Mitochondrial hormesis, referred to as mitohormesis, represents a cellular adaptive stress response mechanism wherein mitochondria restore homeostasis and augment resistance capabilities against stimuli by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), orchestrating unfolded protein reactions (UPRmt), inducing mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDP), instigating mitochondrial dynamic changes, and activating mitophagy, all prompted by low doses of stressors. The varying nature, intensity, and duration of stimulus sources elicit divergent degrees of mitochondrial stress responses, subsequently activating one or more signaling pathways to initiate mitohormesis. This review focuses specifically on the effector molecules and regulatory networks associated with mitohormesis, while also scrutinizing extant mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction contributing to bone and cartilage degeneration through oxidative stress damage. Additionally, it underscores the potential of mechanical stimulation, intermittent dietary restrictions, hypoxic preconditioning, and low-dose toxic compounds to trigger mitohormesis, thereby alleviating bone and cartilage degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wacili Da
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Quan Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bin Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
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6
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Ang BJ, Suardi N, Abduraman MA. Exploring differentiation-dependent responses to 532 nm green laser photobiomodulation in SHSY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Lasers Med Sci 2024; 39:147. [PMID: 38822930 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04102-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) holds promise as a therapy modality, but its applicability is hindered by the lack of a quantitative model to predict the optimal dose for all forms of PBM. This study investigated the optimal PBM parameters for 532 nm green laser irradiation on SHSY5Y neuroblastoma cells, a commonly used in vitro model for neurodegenerative disease studies. A two-tailed, two sample t-test with equal variance was used to obtain the p-values and statistical significance. There are 3 sets of parameters showing significant ( p < 0 . 01 ) positive percentage biostimulation. 160 m W , 15 m i n produce a percentage biostimulation of ( 9 ± 10 ) % ; 180 m W , 5 m i n produce a percentage biostimulation of ( 19 ± 7 ) % ; and ( 200 m W , 5 m i n ) produce a percentage biostimulation of ( 9 ± 2 ) % . The highest significant ( p < 0 . 01 ) percentage bioinhibition observed is for 220 m W , 15 m i n (dose: 1008 J / c m 2 ) producing a bioinhibition of ( 54 ± 1 ) % . After identifying several parameters that produce noticeable photobiological effects (biostimulation and bioinhibition), this study compared the reaction of undifferentiated and differentiated SHSY5Y cells to laser irradiation and found that undifferentiated SHSY5Y cells shows greater photobiological effect from 532 nm laser irradiation ( p < 0 . 01 ) . This study demonstrated the differentiation-dependant photobiological effect of SHSY5Y in 532 nm laser PBM. This shows that considerations on the differentiation state of cells is important in PBM studies. The hypothesis of difference in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation from laser irradiation can serve as a versatile explanation of the observed difference in photobiological effect. Further investigation into the role of ROS as a mediator of various photobiological effects from laser of different wavelengths is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beng Jiong Ang
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nursakinah Suardi
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Asyraf Abduraman
- Eman Biodiscoveries Sdn Bhd, A1-4, Lot 5, Persiaran 2/1, Kedah Halal Park, Sungai Petani Industrial Area, 08000, Sungai Petani, Kedah, Malaysia
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7
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Sun Y, Jin L, Qin Y, Ouyang Z, Zhong J, Zeng Y. Harnessing Mitochondrial Stress for Health and Disease: Opportunities and Challenges. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:394. [PMID: 38927274 PMCID: PMC11200414 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria, essential organelles orchestrating cellular metabolism, have emerged as central players in various disease pathologies. Recent research has shed light on mitohormesis, a concept proposing an adaptive response of mitochondria to minor disturbances in homeostasis, offering novel therapeutic avenues for mitochondria-related diseases. This comprehensive review explores the concept of mitohormesis, elucidating its induction mechanisms and occurrence. Intracellular molecules like reactive oxygen species (ROS), calcium, mitochondrial unfolded proteins (UPRmt), and integrated stress response (ISR), along with external factors such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), physical stimuli, and exercise, play pivotal roles in regulating mitohormesis. Based on the available evidence, we elucidate how mitohormesis maintains mitochondrial homeostasis through mechanisms like mitochondrial quality control and mitophagy. Furthermore, the regulatory role of mitohormesis in mitochondria-related diseases is discussed. By envisioning future applications, this review underscores the significance of mitohormesis as a potential therapeutic target, paving the way for innovative interventions in disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ye Zeng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.S.); (L.J.); (Y.Q.); (Z.O.); (J.Z.)
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8
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Kabarkouhi Z, Tadi SH, Mahmoodi H, Ranaei Siadat SO, Arjmand S, Shokri B. Simulation and experimental study of a cold atmospheric pressure plasma and comparison of efficiency in boosting recombinant Endoglucanase II production in Pichia pastoris. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303795. [PMID: 38771745 PMCID: PMC11108213 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Recombinant proteins are essential in various industries, and scientists employ genetic engineering and synthetic biology to enhance the host cell's protein production capacity. Stress response pathways have been found effective in augmenting protein secretion. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) can induce oxidative stress and enhance protein production. Previous studies have confirmed the applicability of CAP jets on Phytase and green fluorescent protein (GFP) production in Pichia pastoris hosts. This study investigates the effect of CAP treatment on another valuable recombinant protein, Endoglucanase II (EgII), integrated into the Pichia pastoris genome. The results demonstrated that plasma induction via two different ignition modes: sinusoidal alternating current (AC) and pulsed direct current (DC) for 120, 180, and 240 s has boosted protein secretion without affecting cell growth and viability. The AC-driven jet exhibited a higher percentage increase in secretion, up to 45%. Simulation of plasma function using COMSOL software provided a pattern of electron temperature (Te) and density distribution, which determine the plasma cocktail's chemistry and reactive species production. Furthermore, electron density (ne) and temperature were estimated from the recorded optical spectrum. The difference in electron properties may explain the moderately different impressions on expression capability. However, cell engineering to improve secretion often remains a trial-and-error approach, and improvements are, at least partially, specific to the protein produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Kabarkouhi
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hadi Mahmoodi
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sareh Arjmand
- Protein Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Shokri
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Wan Y, Liu J, Mai Y, Hong Y, Jia Z, Tian G, Liu Y, Liang H, Liu J. Current advances and future trends of hormesis in disease. NPJ AGING 2024; 10:26. [PMID: 38750132 PMCID: PMC11096327 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-024-00155-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Hormesis, an adaptive response, occurs when exposure to low doses of a stressor potentially induces a stimulatory effect, while higher doses may inhibit it. This phenomenon is widely observed across various organisms and stressors, significantly advancing our understanding and inspiring further exploration of the beneficial effects of toxins at doses both below and beyond traditional thresholds. This has profound implications for promoting biological regulation at the cellular level and enhancing adaptability throughout the biosphere. Therefore, conducting bibliometric analysis in this field is crucial for accurately analyzing and summarizing its current research status. The results of the bibliometric analysis reveal a steady increase in the number of publications in this field over the years. The United States emerges as the leading country in both publication and citation numbers, with the journal Dose-Response publishing the highest number of papers in this area. Calabrese E.J. is a prominent person with significant contributions and influence among authors. Through keyword co-occurrence and trend analysis, current hotspots in this field are identified, primarily focusing on the relationship between hormesis, oxidative stress, and aging. Analysis of highly cited references predicts that future research trends may center around the relationship between hormesis and stress at different doses, as well as exploring the mechanisms and applications of hormesis. In conclusion, this review aims to visually represent hormesis-related research through bibliometric methods, uncovering emerging patterns and areas of focus within the field. It provides a summary of the current research status and forecasts trends in hormesis-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantong Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinxi Liu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiyin Mai
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yinghao Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zixuan Jia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guijie Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunzhuo Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huaping Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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10
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Bauer M, Ermolaeva M, Singer M, Wetzker R, Soares MP. Hormesis as an adaptive response to infection. Trends Mol Med 2024:S1471-4914(24)00100-X. [PMID: 38744580 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Hormesis is a phenomenon whereby low-level stress can improve cellular, organ, or organismal fitness in response to a subsequent similar or other stress insult. Whereas hormesis is thought to contribute to the fitness benefits arising from symbiotic host-microbe interactions, the putative benefits of hormesis in host-pathogen interactions have yet to be explored. Hormetic responses have nonetheless been reported in experimental models of infection, a common feature of which is regulation of host mitochondrial function. We propose that these mitohormetic responses could be harnessed therapeutically to limit the severity of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bauer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
| | - Maria Ermolaeva
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Mervyn Singer
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Reinhard Wetzker
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Miguel P Soares
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
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11
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Dobson NL, Levitt DE, Luk HY, Vellers HL. Adverse Skeletal Muscle Adaptations in Individuals Born Preterm-A Comprehensive Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:4551-4564. [PMID: 38785544 PMCID: PMC11120075 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Infants born preterm face an increased risk of deleterious effects on lung and brain health that can significantly alter long-term function and quality of life and even lead to death. Moreover, preterm birth is also associated with a heightened risk of diabetes and obesity later in life, leading to an increased risk of all-cause mortality in young adults born prematurely. While these preterm-birth-related conditions have been well characterized, less is known about the long-term effects of preterm birth on skeletal muscle health and, specifically, an individual's skeletal muscle hypertrophic potential later in life. In this review, we discuss how a confluence of potentially interrelated and self-perpetuating elements associated with preterm birth might converge on anabolic and catabolic pathways to ultimately blunt skeletal muscle hypertrophy, identifying critical areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danielle E. Levitt
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Hui Ying Luk
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Heather L. Vellers
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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12
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Asgari R, Mehran YZ, Weber HM, Weber M, Golestanha SA, Hosseini Kazerouni SM, Panahi F, Mohammadi P, Mansouri K. Management of oxidative stress for cell therapy through combinational approaches of stem cells, antioxidants, and photobiomodulation. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 196:106715. [PMID: 38301971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Over the recent decades, stem cell-based therapies have been considered as a beneficial approach for the treatment of various diseases. In these types of therapies, the stem cells and their products are used as treating agents. Despite the helpful efficacy of stem cell-based therapies, there may be challenges. Oxidative stress (OS) is one of these challenges that can affect the therapeutic properties of stem cells. Therefore, it seems that employing strategies for the reduction of OS in combination with stem cell therapy can lead to better results of these therapies. Based on the available evidence, antioxidant therapy and photobiomodulation (PBM) are strategies that can regulate the OS in the cells. Antioxidant therapy is a method in which various antioxidants are used in the therapeutic processes. PBM is also the clinical application of light that gained importance in medicine. Antioxidants and PBM can regulate OS by the effect on mitochondria as an important source of OS in the cells. Considering the importance of OS in pathologic pathways and its effect on the treatment outcomes of stem cells, in the present review first the stem cell therapy and effects of OS on this type of therapy are summarized. Then, antioxidant therapy and PBM as approaches for reducing OS with a focus on mitochondrial function are discussed. Also, a novel combination treatment with the hope of achieving better and more stable outcomes in the treatment process of diseases is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Asgari
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yasaman Zandi Mehran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hans Michael Weber
- International Society of Medical Laser Applications, Lauenfoerde, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Farzad Panahi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Pantea Mohammadi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Kamran Mansouri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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13
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Jones DP. Redox organization of living systems. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 217:179-189. [PMID: 38490457 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Redox organization governs an underlying simplicity in living systems. Critically, redox reactions enable the essential characteristics of life: extraction of energy from the environment, use of energy to support metabolic and structural organization, use of dynamic redox responses to defend against environmental threats, and use of redox mechanisms to direct differentiation of cells and organ systems essential for reproduction. These processes are sustained through a redox context in which electron donor/acceptor couples are poised at substantially different steady-state redox potentials, some with relatively reducing steady states and others with relatively oxidizing steady states. Redox-sensitive thiols of the redox proteome, as well as low molecular weight redox-active molecules, are maintained individually by the kinetics of oxidation-reduction within this redox system. Recent research has revealed opposing network interactions of the metallome, redox proteome, metabolome and transcriptome, which appear to be an evolved redox response structure to maintain stability of an organism in the presence of variable oxidative environments. Considerable opportunity exists to improve human health through detailed understanding of these redox networks so that targeted interventions can be developed to support new avenues for redox medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, 615 Michael St, RM205P, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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14
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Voronina MV, Frolova AS, Kolesova EP, Kuldyushev NA, Parodi A, Zamyatnin AA. The Intricate Balance between Life and Death: ROS, Cathepsins, and Their Interplay in Cell Death and Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4087. [PMID: 38612897 PMCID: PMC11012956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular survival hinges on a delicate balance between accumulating damages and repair mechanisms. In this intricate equilibrium, oxidants, currently considered physiological molecules, can compromise vital cellular components, ultimately triggering cell death. On the other hand, cells possess countermeasures, such as autophagy, which degrades and recycles damaged molecules and organelles, restoring homeostasis. Lysosomes and their enzymatic arsenal, including cathepsins, play critical roles in this balance, influencing the cell's fate toward either apoptosis and other mechanisms of regulated cell death or autophagy. However, the interplay between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cathepsins in these life-or-death pathways transcends a simple cause-and-effect relationship. These elements directly and indirectly influence each other's activities, creating a complex web of interactions. This review delves into the inner workings of regulated cell death and autophagy, highlighting the pivotal role of ROS and cathepsins in these pathways and their intricate interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya V. Voronina
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.S.F.); (E.P.K.); (N.A.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Anastasia S. Frolova
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.S.F.); (E.P.K.); (N.A.K.); (A.P.)
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina P. Kolesova
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.S.F.); (E.P.K.); (N.A.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Nikita A. Kuldyushev
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.S.F.); (E.P.K.); (N.A.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandro Parodi
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.S.F.); (E.P.K.); (N.A.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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15
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Tai YK, Iversen JN, Chan KKW, Fong CHH, Abdul Razar RB, Ramanan S, Yap LYJ, Yin JN, Toh SJ, Wong CJK, Koh PFA, Huang RYJ, Franco-Obregón A. Secretome from Magnetically Stimulated Muscle Exhibits Anticancer Potency: Novel Preconditioning Methodology Highlighting HTRA1 Action. Cells 2024; 13:460. [PMID: 38474424 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Briefly (10 min) exposing C2C12 myotubes to low amplitude (1.5 mT) pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) generated a conditioned media (pCM) that was capable of mitigating breast cancer cell growth, migration, and invasiveness in vitro, whereas the conditioned media harvested from unexposed myotubes, representing constitutively released secretome (cCM), was less effective. Administering pCM to breast cancer microtumors engrafted onto the chorioallantoic membrane of chicken eggs reduced tumor volume and vascularity. Blood serum collected from PEMF-exposed or exercised mice allayed breast cancer cell growth, migration, and invasiveness. A secretome preconditioning methodology is presented that accentuates the graded anticancer potencies of both the cCM and pCM harvested from myotubes, demonstrating an adaptive response to pCM administered during early myogenesis that emulated secretome-based exercise adaptations observed in vivo. HTRA1 was shown to be upregulated in pCM and was demonstrated to be necessary and sufficient for the anticancer potency of the pCM; recombinant HTRA1 added to basal media recapitulated the anticancer effects of pCM and antibody-based absorption of HTRA1 from pCM precluded its anticancer effects. Brief and non-invasive PEMF stimulation may represent a method to commandeer the secretome response of muscle, both in vitro and in vivo, for clinical exploitation in breast and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee Kit Tai
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Jan Nikolas Iversen
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Karen Ka Wing Chan
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Charlene Hui Hua Fong
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Rafhanah Banu Abdul Razar
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Sharanya Ramanan
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Lye Yee Jasmine Yap
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Jocelyn Naixin Yin
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Shi Jie Toh
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Craig Jun Kit Wong
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Pei Fern Angele Koh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Ruby Yun Ju Huang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Graduate Institute of Oncology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Alfredo Franco-Obregón
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
- Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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16
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Liu M, Ding Z, Sun P, Zhou S, Wu H, Huo L, Yang L, Davis JS, Liang A. Neddylation inhibition affects early embryonic development by disrupting maternal-to-zygotic transition and mitochondrial function in mice. Theriogenology 2024; 220:1-11. [PMID: 38457854 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are critical for early development in mice because early cleavage-stage embryos are characterized by transcriptional inactivity. Neddylation is an important ubiquitin-like PTM that regulates multiple biophysical processes. However, the exact roles of neddylation in regulating early embryonic development remain largely unknown. In the present study, we found that inhibition of neddylation by specific inhibitor MLN4924 led to severe arrest of early embryonic development. Transcriptomic analysis showed that neddylation inhibition changed the expression of 3959 genes at the 2-cell stage. Importantly, neddylation inhibition blocked zygotic genome activation and maternal mRNA degradation, thus disrupting the maternal-to-zygotic transition. Moreover, inhibition of neddylation induced mitochondrial dysfunction including aberrant mitochondrial distribution, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced ATP content. Further analysis showed that inhibition of neddylation resulted in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and superoxide anion, thereby resulting in oxidative stress and severe DNA damage at the 2-cell stage. Overall, this study demonstrates that neddylation is vital for early embryonic development in mice. Our findings suggest that proper neddylation regulation is essential for the timely inter-stage transition during early embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Zhiming Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Peihao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Shuo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Hanxiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Lijun Huo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Liguo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - John S Davis
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Aixin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
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17
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Chen PX, Zhang L, Chen D, Tian Y. Mitochondrial stress and aging: Lessons from C. elegans. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:69-76. [PMID: 36863917 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by a progressive decline in mitochondrial function, which in turn contributes to a variety of age-related diseases. Counterintuitively, a growing number of studies have found that disruption of mitochondrial function often leads to increased lifespan. This seemingly contradictory observation has inspired extensive research into genetic pathways underlying the mitochondrial basis of aging, particularly within the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. The complex and antagonistic roles of mitochondria in the aging process have altered the view of mitochondria, which not only serve as simple bioenergetic factories but also as signaling platforms for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and organismal health. Here, we review the contributions of C. elegans to our understanding of mitochondrial function in the aging process over the past decades. In addition, we explore how these insights may promote future research of mitochondrial-targeted strategies in higher organisms to potentially slow aging and delay age-related disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng X Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Leyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Di Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center of Medical School, Nanjing University, 12 Xuefu Rd, Pukou, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210061, China.
| | - Ye Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
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18
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Mattson MP, Leak RK. The hormesis principle of neuroplasticity and neuroprotection. Cell Metab 2024; 36:315-337. [PMID: 38211591 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Animals live in habitats fraught with a range of environmental challenges to their bodies and brains. Accordingly, cells and organ systems have evolved stress-responsive signaling pathways that enable them to not only withstand environmental challenges but also to prepare for future challenges and function more efficiently. These phylogenetically conserved processes are the foundation of the hormesis principle, in which single or repeated exposures to low levels of environmental challenges improve cellular and organismal fitness and raise the probability of survival. Hormetic principles have been most intensively studied in physical exercise but apply to numerous other challenges known to improve human health (e.g., intermittent fasting, cognitive stimulation, and dietary phytochemicals). Here we review the physiological mechanisms underlying hormesis-based neuroplasticity and neuroprotection. Approaching natural resilience from the lens of hormesis may reveal novel methods for optimizing brain function and lowering the burden of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Mattson
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Rehana K Leak
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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19
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Guarente L, Sinclair DA, Kroemer G. Human trials exploring anti-aging medicines. Cell Metab 2024; 36:354-376. [PMID: 38181790 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Here, we summarize the current knowledge on eight promising drugs and natural compounds that have been tested in the clinic: metformin, NAD+ precursors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, TORC1 inhibitors, spermidine, senolytics, probiotics, and anti-inflammatories. Multiple clinical trials have commenced to evaluate the efficacy of such agents against age-associated diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. There are reasonable expectations that drugs able to decelerate or reverse aging processes will also exert broad disease-preventing or -attenuating effects. Hence, the outcome of past, ongoing, and future disease-specific trials may pave the way to the development of new anti-aging medicines. Drugs approved for specific disease indications may subsequently be repurposed for the treatment of organism-wide aging consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Guarente
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute for Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139; Academy for Healthspan and Lifespan Research (AHLR), New York, NY, USA.
| | - David A Sinclair
- Academy for Healthspan and Lifespan Research (AHLR), New York, NY, USA; Blavatnik Institute, Genetics Department, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Academy for Healthspan and Lifespan Research (AHLR), New York, NY, USA; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.
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20
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Fernandes Q, Inchakalody VP, Bedhiafi T, Mestiri S, Taib N, Uddin S, Merhi M, Dermime S. Chronic inflammation and cancer; the two sides of a coin. Life Sci 2024; 338:122390. [PMID: 38160787 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The correlation between chronic inflammation and cancer was initially identified in the 19th century. Biomolecules like interleukins, chemokines, tumor necrosis factors, growth factors, and adhesion molecules, which regulate inflammation, are recognized contributors to neoplastic transformation through various mechanisms, including oncogenic mutations, resistance to apoptosis, and adaptive responses like angiogenesis. This review aims to establish connections between the intricate and complex mechanisms of chronic inflammation and cancer. We illuminate implicit signaling mechanisms that drive the association between chronic inflammation and the initiation/progression of cancer, exploring potential impacts on other diseases. Additionally, we discuss the modalities of currently available therapeutic options for chronic inflammation and cancer, emphasizing the dual nature of such therapies. A thorough understanding of the molecular basis of chronic inflammation is crucial for developing novel approaches in the prevention and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Queenie Fernandes
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Varghese Philipose Inchakalody
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Takwa Bedhiafi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sarra Mestiri
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nassiba Taib
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maysaloun Merhi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Said Dermime
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
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21
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Min SH, Kang GM, Park JW, Kim MS. Beneficial Effects of Low-Grade Mitochondrial Stress on Metabolic Diseases and Aging. Yonsei Med J 2024; 65:55-69. [PMID: 38288646 PMCID: PMC10827639 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2023.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria function as platforms for bioenergetics, nutrient metabolism, intracellular signaling, innate immunity regulators, and modulators of stem cell activity. Thus, the decline in mitochondrial functions causes or correlates with diabetes mellitus and many aging-related diseases. Upon stress or damage, the mitochondria elicit a series of adaptive responses to overcome stress and restore their structural integrity and functional homeostasis. These adaptive responses to low-level or transient mitochondrial stress promote health and resilience to upcoming stress. Beneficial effects of low-grade mitochondrial stress, termed mitohormesis, have been observed in various organisms, including mammals. Accumulated evidence indicates that treatments boosting mitohormesis have therapeutic potential in various human diseases accompanied by mitochondrial stress. Here, we review multiple cellular signaling pathways and interorgan communication mechanisms through which mitochondrial stress leads to advantageous outcomes. We also discuss the relevance of mitohormesis in obesity, diabetes, metabolic liver disease, aging, and exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hee Min
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gil Myoung Kang
- Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Woo Park
- Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Seon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Appetite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Science, Seoul, Korea.
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22
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Tenchov R, Sasso JM, Wang X, Zhou QA. Aging Hallmarks and Progression and Age-Related Diseases: A Landscape View of Research Advancement. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1-30. [PMID: 38095562 PMCID: PMC10767750 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a dynamic, time-dependent process that is characterized by a gradual accumulation of cell damage. Continual functional decline in the intrinsic ability of living organisms to accurately regulate homeostasis leads to increased susceptibility and vulnerability to diseases. Many efforts have been put forth to understand and prevent the effects of aging. Thus, the major cellular and molecular hallmarks of aging have been identified, and their relationships to age-related diseases and malfunctions have been explored. Here, we use data from the CAS Content Collection to analyze the publication landscape of recent aging-related research. We review the advances in knowledge and delineate trends in research advancements on aging factors and attributes across time and geography. We also review the current concepts related to the major aging hallmarks on the molecular, cellular, and organismic level, age-associated diseases, with attention to brain aging and brain health, as well as the major biochemical processes associated with aging. Major age-related diseases have been outlined, and their correlations with the major aging features and attributes are explored. We hope this review will be helpful for apprehending the current knowledge in the field of aging mechanisms and progression, in an effort to further solve the remaining challenges and fulfill its potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumiana Tenchov
- CAS, a Division of the American Chemical
Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Janet M. Sasso
- CAS, a Division of the American Chemical
Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Xinmei Wang
- CAS, a Division of the American Chemical
Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Qiongqiong Angela Zhou
- CAS, a Division of the American Chemical
Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
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23
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Ruparelia AA, Salavaty A, Barlow CK, Lu Y, Sonntag C, Hersey L, Eramo MJ, Krug J, Reuter H, Schittenhelm RB, Ramialison M, Cox A, Ryan MT, Creek DJ, Englert C, Currie PD. The African killifish: A short-lived vertebrate model to study the biology of sarcopenia and longevity. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e13862. [PMID: 37183563 PMCID: PMC10776123 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, the age-related decline in muscle function, places a considerable burden on health-care systems. While the stereotypic hallmarks of sarcopenia are well characterized, their contribution to muscle wasting remains elusive, which is partly due to the limited availability of animal models. Here, we have performed cellular and molecular characterization of skeletal muscle from the African killifish-an extremely short-lived vertebrate-revealing that while many characteristics deteriorate with increasing age, supporting the use of killifish as a model for sarcopenia research, some features surprisingly reverse to an "early-life" state in the extremely old stages. This suggests that in extremely old animals, there may be mechanisms that prevent further deterioration of skeletal muscle, contributing to an extension of life span. In line with this, we report a reduction in mortality rates in extremely old killifish. To identify mechanisms for this phenomenon, we used a systems metabolomics approach, which revealed that during aging there is a striking depletion of triglycerides, mimicking a state of calorie restriction. This results in the activation of mitohormesis, increasing Sirt1 levels, which improves lipid metabolism and maintains nutrient homeostasis in extremely old animals. Pharmacological induction of Sirt1 in aged animals was sufficient to induce a late life-like metabolic profile, supporting its role in life span extension in vertebrate populations that are naturally long-lived. Collectively, our results demonstrate that killifish are not only a novel model to study the biological processes that govern sarcopenia, but they also provide a unique vertebrate system to dissect the regulation of longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avnika A. Ruparelia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash UniversityClaytonAustralia
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health SciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and PhysiologyUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Adrian Salavaty
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash UniversityClaytonAustralia
- Systems Biology Institute Australia, Monash UniversityClaytonAustralia
| | - Christopher K. Barlow
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMonash UniversityClaytonAustralia
- Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics FacilityMonash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash UniversityClaytonAustralia
| | - Yansong Lu
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash UniversityClaytonAustralia
| | - Carmen Sonntag
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash UniversityClaytonAustralia
| | - Lucy Hersey
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash UniversityClaytonAustralia
| | - Matthew J. Eramo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMonash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash UniversityClaytonAustralia
| | - Johannes Krug
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI)JenaGermany
| | - Hanna Reuter
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI)JenaGermany
| | - Ralf B. Schittenhelm
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMonash UniversityClaytonAustralia
- Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics FacilityMonash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash UniversityClaytonAustralia
| | - Mirana Ramialison
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash UniversityClaytonAustralia
- Systems Biology Institute Australia, Monash UniversityClaytonAustralia
| | - Andrew Cox
- Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneAustralia
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyThe University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Michael T. Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMonash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash UniversityClaytonAustralia
| | - Darren J. Creek
- Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics FacilityMonash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash UniversityClaytonAustralia
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and DynamicsMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash UniversityParkvilleAustralia
| | - Christoph Englert
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI)JenaGermany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Friedrich‐Schiller‐University JenaJenaGermany
| | - Peter D. Currie
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash UniversityClaytonAustralia
- EMBL Australia, Victorian NodeMonash UniversityClaytonAustralia
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24
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Soundararajan L, Warrier S, Dharmarajan A, Bhaskaran N. Predominant factors influencing reactive oxygen species in cancer stem cells. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:3-21. [PMID: 37997702 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and its related signaling pathways and regulating molecules play a major role in the growth and development of cancer stem cells. The concept of ROS and cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been gaining much attention since the past decade and the evidence show that these CSCs possess robust self-renewal and tumorigenic potential and are resistant to conventional chemo- and radiotherapy and believed to be responsible for tumor progression, metastasis, and recurrence. It seems reasonable to say that cancer can be cured only if the CSCs are eradicated. ROS are Janus-faced molecules that can regulate cellular physiology as well as induce cytotoxicity, depending on the magnitude, duration, and site of generation. Unlike normal cancer cells, CSCs expel ROS efficiently by upregulating ROS scavengers. This unique redox regulation in CSCs protects them from ROS-mediated cell death and nullifies the effect of radiation, leading to chemoresistance and radioresistance. However, how these CSCs control ROS production by scavenging free radicals and how they maintain low levels of ROS is a challenging to understand and these attributes make CSCs as prime therapeutic targets. Here, we summarize the mechanisms of redox regulation in CSCs, with a focus on therapy resistance, its various pathways and microRNAs regulation, and the potential therapeutic implications of manipulating the ROS levels to eradicate CSCs. A better understanding of these molecules, their interactions in the CSCs may help us to adopt proper control and treatment measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loshini Soundararajan
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sudha Warrier
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Cuor Stem Cellutions Pvt Ltd., Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nādu, India
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nādu, India
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology laboratory, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin Health and Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Natarajan Bhaskaran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nādu, India
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25
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Liu H, Xu K, He Y, Huang F. Mitochondria in Multi-Directional Differentiation of Dental-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Biomolecules 2023; 14:12. [PMID: 38275753 PMCID: PMC10813276 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The pursuit of tissue regeneration has fueled decades of research in regenerative medicine. Among the numerous types of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) have recently emerged as a particularly promising candidate for tissue repair and regeneration. In recent years, evidence has highlighted the pivotal role of mitochondria in directing and orchestrating the differentiation processes of DMSCs. Beyond mitochondrial energy metabolism, the multifaceted functions of mitochondria are governed by the mitochondrial quality control (MQC) system, encompassing biogenesis, autophagy, and dynamics. Notably, mitochondrial energy metabolism not only governs the decision to differentiate but also exerts a substantial influence on the determination of differentiation directions. Furthermore, the MQC system exerts a nuanced impact on the differentiation of DMSCs by finely regulating the quality and mass of mitochondria. The review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the regulatory mechanisms governing the multi-directional differentiation of DMSCs, mediated by both mitochondrial energy metabolism and the MQC system. We also focus on a new idea based on the analysis of data from many research groups never considered before, namely, DMSC-based regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yifan He
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510000, China; (H.L.); (K.X.)
| | - Fang Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510000, China; (H.L.); (K.X.)
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26
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Zhang H, Wang H, Zhang Q, Wang H, Zhu Y, Wang F, Lin J, Zhou J, Qu F. Bu-Shen-Tian-Jing formulas alleviate the mitochondrial damage induced by oxidative stress in ovarian granulosa cells exposed to DEHP through the HDAC3-HSP90AA pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:1387-1400. [PMID: 37655754 PMCID: PMC10478627 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2249193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT di-(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) has potential reproductive toxicity. Bu-Shen-Tian-Jing formulations (BSTJFs) are beneficial for female reproductive capacity. However, BSTJF2 has much lower cytotoxicity than BSTJF1. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of BSTJFs on ovarian granulosa cells exposed to DEHP and determine the potential molecular mechanisms. METHODS AND MATERIALS Human granulosa-like tumor cell line (KGN) cells were divided into control, DEHP, BSTJF1 and BSTJF2 groups. The DEHP group were given 1 μM DEHP for 24 h. They were then given BSTJF1 at 200 μg/mL or BSTJF2 at 100 μg/mL for 24 h. The control group was treated with the same concentration of DMSO (0.1%). Oxidative stress and mitochondrial function were measured. The mRNA and protein expression levels of HDAC3 and HSP90AA were determined. Integrative network pharmacology analysis of BSTJF2 was also performed. RESULTS DEHP (1 μM) significantly suppressed the proliferation of KGN cells by 17%, significantly increased ROS levels by 28% and MDA levels by 47%, significantly decreased MMP levels by 22% and mtDNA copy by 30%. DEHP significantly increased protein expression of HDAC3 by 21%and HSP90AA by 64%. All these changes were significantly reversed by BSTJFs. Integrative network pharmacology analysis revealed HSP90AA was a key target (degree = 8). Both RGFP966 and BSTJF2 significantly reversed the increased expression of HDAC3 and HSP90AA, attenuated oxidative stress, and mitochondrial damage which were induced by DEHP. CONCLUSION BSTJFs might have therapeutic potential on oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage through the HDAC3/HSP90AA pathway which encourages further clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Zhejiang Vocational College of Special Education, Hangzhou, China
- Women’s Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huihua Wang
- Women’s Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Women’s Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuhang Zhu
- Women’s Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Women’s Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Women’s Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jue Zhou
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fan Qu
- Women’s Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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27
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Vived C, Lee-Papastavros A, Aparecida da Silva Pereira J, Yi P, MacDonald TL. β Cell Stress and Endocrine Function During T1D: What Is Next to Discover? Endocrinology 2023; 165:bqad162. [PMID: 37947352 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Canonically, type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a disease characterized by autoreactive T cells as perpetrators of endocrine dysfunction and β cell death in the spiral toward loss of β cell mass, hyperglycemia, and insulin dependence. β Cells have mostly been considered as bystanders in a flurry of autoimmune processes. More recently, our framework for understanding and investigating T1D has evolved. It appears increasingly likely that intracellular β cell stress is an important component of T1D etiology/pathology that perpetuates autoimmunity during the progression to T1D. Here we discuss the emerging and complex role of β cell stress in initiating, provoking, and catalyzing T1D. We outline the bridges between hyperglycemia, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, and autoimmunity from the viewpoint of intrinsic β cell (dys)function, and we extend this discussion to the potential role for a therapeutic β cell stress-metabolism axis in T1D. Lastly, we mention research angles that may be pursued to improve β cell endocrine function during T1D. Biology gleaned from studying T1D will certainly overlap to innovate therapeutic strategies for T2D, and also enhance the pursuit of creating optimized stem cell-derived β cells as endocrine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Vived
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Jéssica Aparecida da Silva Pereira
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peng Yi
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Diabetes Program, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Tara L MacDonald
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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28
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Gebicki J, Filipiak T, Marcinek A, Wozniacka A. Assessment of NADH/NAD + Redox Imbalance in Psoriatic Lesions Using the FMSF Technique: Therapeutic Aspects. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8718. [PMID: 37960418 PMCID: PMC10648007 DOI: 10.3390/s23218718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been linked to psoriasis, and it may be an important underlying factor contributing to this disease. However, a precise methodology for assessing mitochondrial dysfunction has yet to be developed. One promising approach is to measure NADH autofluorescence from the affected skin areas. In this study, we show that Flow-Mediated Skin Fluorescence (FMSF) can be used for the non-invasive assessment of mitochondrial dysfunction in psoriasis. The fluorescence level at baseline and the half-time of ischemic growth (t1/2) derived from the FMSF traces can be used for the non-invasive assessment of NADH/NAD+ redox imbalance in psoriatic lesions compared to unaffected skin. These results are supported by an analysis of the key FMSF parameters: Reactive Hyperemia Response (RHR) and Hypoxia Sensitivity (HS). This method not only contributes to understanding the biochemical processes involved in the etiopathogenesis of psoriasis, but it also provides a basis for identifying new drug targets and improving the treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Gebicki
- Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
- Angionica Ltd., 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | | | - Andrzej Marcinek
- Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
- Angionica Ltd., 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Anna Wozniacka
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland;
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29
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Igual Gil C, Löser A, Lossow K, Schwarz M, Weber D, Grune T, Kipp AP, Klaus S, Ost M. Temporal dynamics of muscle mitochondrial uncoupling-induced integrated stress response and ferroptosis defense. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1277866. [PMID: 37941910 PMCID: PMC10627798 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1277866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play multifaceted roles in cellular function, and impairments across domains of mitochondrial biology are known to promote cellular integrated stress response (ISR) pathways as well as systemic metabolic adaptations. However, the temporal dynamics of specific mitochondrial ISR related to physiological variations in tissue-specific energy demands remains unknown. Here, we conducted a comprehensive 24-hour muscle and plasma profiling of male and female mice with ectopic mitochondrial respiratory uncoupling in skeletal muscle (mUcp1-transgenic, TG). TG mice are characterized by increased muscle ISR, elevated oxidative stress defense, and increased secretion of FGF21 and GDF15 as ISR-induced myokines. We observed a temporal signature of both cell-autonomous and systemic ISR in the context of endocrine myokine signaling and cellular redox balance, but not of ferroptotic signature which was also increased in TG muscle. We show a progressive increase of muscle ISR on transcriptional level during the active phase (night time), with a subsequent peak in circulating FGF21 and GDF15 in the early resting phase. Moreover, we found highest levels of muscle oxidative defense (GPX and NQO1 activity) between the late active to early resting phase, which could aim to counteract excessive iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in muscle of TG mice. These findings highlight the temporal dynamics of cell-autonomous and endocrine ISR signaling under skeletal muscle mitochondrial uncoupling, emphasizing the importance of considering such dissociation in translational strategies and sample collection for diagnostic biomarker analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Igual Gil
- Department of Physiology of Energy Metabolism, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alina Löser
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- TraceAge-Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Kristina Lossow
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- TraceAge-Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Maria Schwarz
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- TraceAge-Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Daniela Weber
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- TraceAge-Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Anna P. Kipp
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- TraceAge-Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Susanne Klaus
- Department of Physiology of Energy Metabolism, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Mario Ost
- Department of Physiology of Energy Metabolism, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Neuropathology, University Clinic Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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30
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Burtscher J, Citherlet T, Camacho-Cardenosa A, Camacho-Cardenosa M, Raberin A, Krumm B, Hohenauer E, Egg M, Lichtblau M, Müller J, Rybnikova EA, Gatterer H, Debevec T, Baillieul S, Manferdelli G, Behrendt T, Schega L, Ehrenreich H, Millet GP, Gassmann M, Schwarzer C, Glazachev O, Girard O, Lalande S, Hamlin M, Samaja M, Hüfner K, Burtscher M, Panza G, Mallet RT. Mechanisms underlying the health benefits of intermittent hypoxia conditioning. J Physiol 2023. [PMID: 37860950 DOI: 10.1113/jp285230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermittent hypoxia (IH) is commonly associated with pathological conditions, particularly obstructive sleep apnoea. However, IH is also increasingly used to enhance health and performance and is emerging as a potent non-pharmacological intervention against numerous diseases. Whether IH is detrimental or beneficial for health is largely determined by the intensity, duration, number and frequency of the hypoxic exposures and by the specific responses they engender. Adaptive responses to hypoxia protect from future hypoxic or ischaemic insults, improve cellular resilience and functions, and boost mental and physical performance. The cellular and systemic mechanisms producing these benefits are highly complex, and the failure of different components can shift long-term adaptation to maladaptation and the development of pathologies. Rather than discussing in detail the well-characterized individual responses and adaptations to IH, we here aim to summarize and integrate hypoxia-activated mechanisms into a holistic picture of the body's adaptive responses to hypoxia and specifically IH, and demonstrate how these mechanisms might be mobilized for their health benefits while minimizing the risks of hypoxia exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Burtscher
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tom Citherlet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alba Camacho-Cardenosa
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Marta Camacho-Cardenosa
- Clinical Management Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition - GC17, Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antoine Raberin
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bastien Krumm
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Erich Hohenauer
- Rehabilitation and Exercise Science Laboratory (RES lab), Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Landquart, Switzerland
- International University of Applied Sciences THIM, Landquart, Switzerland
- Department of Neurosciences and Movement Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Margit Egg
- Institute of Zoology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mona Lichtblau
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julian Müller
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elena A Rybnikova
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Hannes Gatterer
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
- Institute for Sports Medicine, Alpine Medicine and Health Tourism (ISAG), UMIT TIROL-Private University for Health Sciences and Health Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria
| | - Tadej Debevec
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Automatics, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sebastien Baillieul
- Service Universitaire de Pneumologie Physiologie, University of Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Tom Behrendt
- Chair Health and Physical Activity, Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lutz Schega
- Chair Health and Physical Activity, Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hannelore Ehrenreich
- Clinical Neuroscience, University Medical Center and Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Grégoire P Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Max Gassmann
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Lima, Peru
| | - Christoph Schwarzer
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Oleg Glazachev
- Department of Normal Physiology, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olivier Girard
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sophie Lalande
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Michael Hamlin
- Department of Tourism, Sport and Society, Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Michele Samaja
- Department of Health Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Katharina Hüfner
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, University Hospital for Psychiatry II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin Burtscher
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gino Panza
- The Department of Health Care Sciences, Program of Occupational Therapy, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- John D. Dingell VA Medical Center Detroit, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Robert T Mallet
- Department of Physiology & Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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31
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Shephard AM, Hund AK, Snell-Rood EC. Metabolic stress as a driver of life-history plasticity: flight promotes longevity and antioxidant production in monarch butterflies. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20231616. [PMID: 37817587 PMCID: PMC10565393 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.1616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Life-history theory predicts that increased investment in traits related to reproduction will be associated with a reduced ability to invest in survival or longevity. One mechanistic explanation for this trade-off is that metabolic stress generated from current fitness activities (e.g. reproduction or locomotion) will increase somatic damage, leading to reduced longevity. Yet, there has been limited support for this damage-based hypothesis. A possible explanation is that individuals can respond to increases in metabolic stress by plastically inducing cellular maintenance responses, which may increase, rather than decrease, longevity. We tested this possibility by experimentally manipulating investment in flight activity (a metabolic stressor) in the migratory monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus), a species whose reproductive fitness is dependent on survival through a period of metabolically intensive migratory flight. Consistent with the idea that metabolic stress stimulated investment in self-maintenance, increased flight activity enhanced monarch butterfly longevity and somatic tissue antioxidant capacity, likely at a cost to reproductive investment. Our study implicates a role for metabolic stress as a driver of life-history plasticity and supports a model where current engagement in metabolically stressful activities promotes somatic survival by stimulating investment in self-maintenance processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. Shephard
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Amanda K. Hund
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Emilie C. Snell-Rood
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
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Franco-Obregón A. Harmonizing Magnetic Mitohormetic Regenerative Strategies: Developmental Implications of a Calcium-Mitochondrial Axis Invoked by Magnetic Field Exposure. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1176. [PMID: 37892906 PMCID: PMC10604793 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10101176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitohormesis is a process whereby mitochondrial stress responses, mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), act cumulatively to either instill survival adaptations (low ROS levels) or to produce cell damage (high ROS levels). The mitohormetic nature of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure thus makes it susceptible to extraneous influences that also impinge on mitochondrial ROS production and contribute to the collective response. Consequently, magnetic stimulation paradigms are prone to experimental variability depending on diverse circumstances. The failure, or inability, to control for these factors has contributed to the existing discrepancies between published reports and in the interpretations made from the results generated therein. Confounding environmental factors include ambient magnetic fields, temperature, the mechanical environment, and the conventional use of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Biological factors include cell type and seeding density as well as the developmental, inflammatory, or senescence statuses of cells that depend on the prior handling of the experimental sample. Technological aspects include magnetic field directionality, uniformity, amplitude, and duration of exposure. All these factors will exhibit manifestations at the level of ROS production that will culminate as a unified cellular response in conjunction with magnetic exposure. Fortunately, many of these factors are under the control of the experimenter. This review will focus on delineating areas requiring technical and biological harmonization to assist in the designing of therapeutic strategies with more clearly defined and better predicted outcomes and to improve the mechanistic interpretation of the generated data, rather than on precise applications. This review will also explore the underlying mechanistic similarities between magnetic field exposure and other forms of biophysical stimuli, such as mechanical stimuli, that mutually induce elevations in intracellular calcium and ROS as a prerequisite for biological outcome. These forms of biophysical stimuli commonly invoke the activity of transient receptor potential cation channel classes, such as TRPC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Franco-Obregón
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; ; Tel.: +65-6777-8427 or +65-6601-6143
- Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Programme, Centre for NanoMedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117544, Singapore
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Abdallah H, Khalil M, Farella I, JohnBritto JS, Lanza E, Santoro S, Garruti G, Portincasa P, Di Ciaula A, Bonfrate L. Ramadan intermittent fasting reduces visceral fat and improves gastrointestinal motility. Eur J Clin Invest 2023; 53:e14029. [PMID: 37203871 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ramadan is a model of intermittent fasting linked with possible beneficial effects. Scarce information, however, is available about the combined effects of Ramadan intermittent fasting (RIF) on anthropometric and metabolic indices, gastrointestinal symptoms, and motility. METHODS In 21 healthy Muslims, we assessed the impact of RIF on caloric intake, physical activity, gastrointestinal symptoms and motility (gastric/gallbladder emptying by ultrasonography, orocaecal transit time by lactulose breath test), anthropometric indices, subcutaneous and visceral fat thickness (ultrasonography), glucose and lipid homeostasis. RESULTS Mean caloric intake decreased from a median of 2069 kcal (range 1677-2641) before Ramadan to 1798 kcal (1289-3126) during Ramadan and increased again to 2000 kcal (1309-3485) after Ramadan. Although physical activity remained stable before, during, and after RIF, body weight, body mass index and waist circumference decreased in all subjects and in both genders, together with a significant decrease in subcutaneous and visceral fat thickness and insulin resistance. The postprandial gastric emptying speed was significantly faster after than before RIF. Fasting gallbladder volume was about 6% smaller after, than before Ramadan, with a stronger and faster postprandial gallbladder contraction. After RIF, lactulose breath test documented increased microbiota carbohydrate fermentation (postprandial H2 peak), and faster orocaecal transit time. RIF also significantly improved gastric fullness, epigastric pain and heartburn. CONCLUSIONS RIF generates, in healthy subjects, multiple systemic beneficial effects in terms of fat burden, metabolic profile, gastrointestinal motility and symptoms. Further comprehensive studies should assess the potential beneficial effects of RIF in diseased people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Abdallah
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Mohamad Khalil
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Farella
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Jerlin Stephy JohnBritto
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Elisa Lanza
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Sergio Santoro
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Gabriella Garruti
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Agostino Di Ciaula
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Leonilde Bonfrate
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
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Ponticelli C, Moroni G, Reggiani F. Autophagy and podocytopathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2023; 38:1931-1939. [PMID: 36708169 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfad024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a complex process of lysosomal-dependent degradation of unwanted cellular material. In response to endogenous or exogenous stimuli, autophagy is induced and regulated by two kinases: the AMP activated kinase and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Cells activated by Unc-51-like kinase 1 form a double membrane complex that sequesters the cargo (phagophore) and elongates producing spherical vesicles (autophagosomes). These reach and fuse with lysosomes, which degrade the cargo (autolysosomes). The resulting macromolecules are released back and recycled in the cytosol for reuse. In the podocyte, autophagy is a homeostatic mechanism that contributes to the formation and preservation of the morphological and functional integrity of actin cytoskeleton. Podocytes, fenestrated endothelial cells and glomerular basement membrane compose the glomerular filtration barrier. Podocyte damage may cause dysfunction of the glomerular barrier, proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis in different glomerular diseases and particularly in so-called podocytopathies, namely minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Several drugs and molecules may activate autophagic function in murine models. Among them, aldosterone inhibitors, mineralocorticoid inhibitors and vitamin D3 were proven to protect podocyte from injury and reduce proteinuria in clinical studies. However, no clinical trial with autophagy regulators in podocytopathies has been conducted. Caution is needed with other autophagy activators, such as mTOR inhibitors and metformin, because of potential adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriella Moroni
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Reggiani
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
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Sakr HF, Sirasanagandla SR, Das S, Bima AI, Elsamanoudy AZ. Insulin Resistance and Hypertension: Mechanisms Involved and Modifying Factors for Effective Glucose Control. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2271. [PMID: 37626767 PMCID: PMC10452601 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Factors such as aging, an unhealthy lifestyle with decreased physical activity, snacking, a standard Western diet, and smoking contribute to raising blood pressure to a dangerous level, increasing the risk of coronary artery disease and heart failure. Atherosclerosis, or aging of the blood vessels, is a physiological process that has accelerated in the last decades by the overconsumption of carbohydrates as the primary sources of caloric intake, resulting in increased triglycerides and VLDL-cholesterol and insulin spikes. Classically, medications ranging from beta blockers to angiotensin II blockers and even calcium channel blockers were used alone or in combination with lifestyle modifications as management tools in modern medicine to control arterial blood pressure. However, it is not easy to control blood pressure or the associated complications. A low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diet can reduce glucose and insulin spikes, improve insulin sensitivity, and lessen atherosclerosis risk factors. We reviewed articles describing the etiology of insulin resistance (IR) and its impact on arterial blood pressure from databases including PubMed, PubMed Central, and Google Scholar. We discuss how the LCHF diet is beneficial to maintaining arterial blood pressure at normal levels, slowing down the progression of atherosclerosis, and reducing the use of antihypertensive medications. The mechanisms involved in IR associated with hypertension are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein F. Sakr
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Srinivasa Rao Sirasanagandla
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman; (S.R.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman; (S.R.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Abdulhadi I. Bima
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.B.); (A.Z.E.)
| | - Ayman Z. Elsamanoudy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.B.); (A.Z.E.)
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Franco-Obregón A, Tai YK, Wu KY, Iversen JN, Wong CJK. The Developmental Implications of Muscle-Targeted Magnetic Mitohormesis: A Human Health and Longevity Perspective. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:956. [PMID: 37627841 PMCID: PMC10451851 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10080956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle function reflects muscular mitochondrial status, which, in turn, is an adaptive response to physical activity, representing improvements in energy production for de novo biosynthesis or metabolic efficiency. Differences in muscle performance are manifestations of the expression of distinct contractile-protein isoforms and of mitochondrial-energy substrate utilization. Powerful contractures require immediate energy production from carbohydrates outside the mitochondria that exhaust rapidly. Sustained muscle contractions require aerobic energy production from fatty acids by the mitochondria that is slower and produces less force. These two patterns of muscle force generation are broadly classified as glycolytic or oxidative, respectively, and require disparate levels of increased contractile or mitochondrial protein production, respectively, to be effectively executed. Glycolytic muscle, hence, tends towards fibre hypertrophy, whereas oxidative fibres are more disposed towards increased mitochondrial content and efficiency, rather than hypertrophy. Although developmentally predetermined muscle classes exist, a degree of functional plasticity persists across all muscles post-birth that can be modulated by exercise and generally results in an increase in the oxidative character of muscle. Oxidative muscle is most strongly correlated with organismal metabolic balance and longevity because of the propensity of oxidative muscle for fatty-acid oxidation and associated anti-inflammatory ramifications which occur at the expense of glycolytic-muscle development and hypertrophy. This muscle-class size disparity is often at odds with common expectations that muscle mass should scale positively with improved health and longevity. Brief magnetic-field activation of the muscle mitochondrial pool has been shown to recapitulate key aspects of the oxidative-muscle phenotype with similar metabolic hallmarks. This review discusses the common genetic cascades invoked by endurance exercise and magnetic-field therapy and the potential physiological differences with regards to human health and longevity. Future human studies examining the physiological consequences of magnetic-field therapy are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Franco-Obregón
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (K.Y.W.); (J.N.I.); (C.J.K.W.)
- Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Programme, Centre for NanoMedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117544, Singapore
| | - Yee Kit Tai
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (K.Y.W.); (J.N.I.); (C.J.K.W.)
- Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Kwan Yu Wu
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (K.Y.W.); (J.N.I.); (C.J.K.W.)
- Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Faculty of Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Nikolas Iversen
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (K.Y.W.); (J.N.I.); (C.J.K.W.)
- Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Craig Jun Kit Wong
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (K.Y.W.); (J.N.I.); (C.J.K.W.)
- Institute of Health Technology and Innovation (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory (BICEPS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
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Napolitano G, Fasciolo G, Muscari Tomajoli MT, Venditti P. Changes in the Mitochondria in the Aging Process-Can α-Tocopherol Affect Them? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12453. [PMID: 37569829 PMCID: PMC10419829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerobic organisms use molecular oxygen in several reactions, including those in which the oxidation of substrate molecules is coupled to oxygen reduction to produce large amounts of metabolic energy. The utilization of oxygen is associated with the production of ROS, which can damage biological macromolecules but also act as signaling molecules, regulating numerous cellular processes. Mitochondria are the cellular sites where most of the metabolic energy is produced and perform numerous physiological functions by acting as regulatory hubs of cellular metabolism. They retain the remnants of their bacterial ancestors, including an independent genome that encodes part of their protein equipment; they have an accurate quality control system; and control of cellular functions also depends on communication with the nucleus. During aging, mitochondria can undergo dysfunctions, some of which are mediated by ROS. In this review, after a description of how aging affects the mitochondrial quality and quality control system and the involvement of mitochondria in inflammation, we report information on how vitamin E, the main fat-soluble antioxidant, can protect mitochondria from age-related changes. The information in this regard is scarce and limited to some tissues and some aspects of mitochondrial alterations in aging. Improving knowledge of the effects of vitamin E on aging is essential to defining an optimal strategy for healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetana Napolitano
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, Via Acton n. 38, I-80133 Naples, Italy; (G.N.); (M.T.M.T.)
| | - Gianluca Fasciolo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘Napoli Federico II’, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Teresa Muscari Tomajoli
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, Via Acton n. 38, I-80133 Naples, Italy; (G.N.); (M.T.M.T.)
| | - Paola Venditti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘Napoli Federico II’, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy;
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Vardar Acar N, Özgül RK. The bridge between cell survival and cell death: reactive oxygen species-mediated cellular stress. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:520-555. [PMID: 37534225 PMCID: PMC10390897 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
As a requirement of aerobic metabolism, regulation of redox homeostasis is indispensable for the continuity of living homeostasis and life. Since the stability of the redox state is necessary for the maintenance of the biological functions of the cells, the balance between the pro-oxidants, especially ROS and the antioxidant capacity is kept in balance in the cells through antioxidant defense systems. The pleiotropic transcription factor, Nrf2, is the master regulator of the antioxidant defense system. Disruption of redox homeostasis leads to oxidative and reductive stress, bringing about multiple pathophysiological conditions. Oxidative stress characterized by high ROS levels causes oxidative damage to biomolecules and cell death, while reductive stress characterized by low ROS levels disrupt physiological cell functions. The fact that ROS, which were initially attributed as harmful products of aerobic metabolism, at the same time function as signal molecules at non-toxic levels and play a role in the adaptive response called mithormesis points out that ROS have a dose-dependent effect on cell fate determination. See also Figure 1(Fig. 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nese Vardar Acar
- Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Institute of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Riza Köksal Özgül
- Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Institute of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Statzer C, Park JYC, Ewald CY. Extracellular Matrix Dynamics as an Emerging yet Understudied Hallmark of Aging and Longevity. Aging Dis 2023; 14:670-693. [PMID: 37191434 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The biomechanical properties of extracellular matrices (ECM) and their consequences for cellular homeostasis have recently emerged as a driver of aging. Here we review the age-dependent deterioration of ECM in the context of our current understanding of the aging processes. We discuss the reciprocal interactions of longevity interventions with ECM remodeling. And the relevance of ECM dynamics captured by the matrisome and the matreotypes associated with health, disease, and longevity. Furthermore, we highlight that many established longevity compounds promote ECM homeostasis. A large body of evidence for the ECM to qualify as a hallmark of aging is emerging, and the data in invertebrates is promising. However, direct experimental proof that activating ECM homeostasis is sufficient to slow aging in mammals is lacking. We conclude that further research is required and anticipate that a conceptual framework for ECM biomechanics and homeostasis will provide new strategies to promote health during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Statzer
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach CH-8603, Switzerland
| | - Ji Young Cecilia Park
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach CH-8603, Switzerland
| | - Collin Y Ewald
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach CH-8603, Switzerland
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Pinho SA, Anjo SI, Cunha-Oliveira T. Metabolic Priming as a Tool in Redox and Mitochondrial Theragnostics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051072. [PMID: 37237939 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Theragnostics is a promising approach that integrates diagnostics and therapeutics into a single personalized strategy. To conduct effective theragnostic studies, it is essential to create an in vitro environment that accurately reflects the in vivo conditions. In this review, we discuss the importance of redox homeostasis and mitochondrial function in the context of personalized theragnostic approaches. Cells have several ways to respond to metabolic stress, including changes in protein localization, density, and degradation, which can promote cell survival. However, disruption of redox homeostasis can lead to oxidative stress and cellular damage, which are implicated in various diseases. Models of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction should be developed in metabolically conditioned cells to explore the underlying mechanisms of diseases and develop new therapies. By choosing an appropriate cellular model, adjusting cell culture conditions and validating the cellular model, it is possible to identify the most promising therapeutic options and tailor treatments to individual patients. Overall, we highlight the importance of precise and individualized approaches in theragnostics and the need to develop accurate in vitro models that reflect the in vivo conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia A Pinho
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
- PDBEB-PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- IIIUC, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra I Anjo
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
- IIIUC, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Teresa Cunha-Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
- IIIUC, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
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Kabarkouhi Z, Arjmand S, Ranaei Siadat SO, Shokri B. Cold atmospheric plasma treatment enhances recombinant model protein production in yeast Pichia pastoris. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6797. [PMID: 37100818 PMCID: PMC10133276 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34078-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) has been described as a novel technology with expanding applications in biomedicine and biotechnology. In the present study, we provide a mildly stressful condition using non-lethal doses of CAP (120, 180, and 240 s) and evaluate its potential benefits on the recombinant production of a model protein (enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP)) in yeast Pichia pastoris. The measured eGFP fluorescence augmented proportional to CAP exposure time. After 240 s treatment with CAP, the measured fluorescent intensity of culture supernatant (after 72 h) and results of real-time PCR (after 24 h) indicated an 84% and 76% increase in activity and related RNA concentration, respectively. Real-time analysis of a list of genes involved in oxidative stress response revealed a significant and durable improvement in their expression at five h and 24 h following CAP exposure. The improvement of the recombinant model protein production may be partly explained by the impact of the RONS on cellular constituents and altering the expression of specific stress genes. In conclusion, using CAP strategy may be considered a valuable strategy to improve recombinant protein production, and deciphering the molecular background mechanism could be inspiring in the reverse metabolic engineering of host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Kabarkouhi
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, P.O. Box: 1983969411, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sareh Arjmand
- Protein Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, P.O. Box: 1983969411, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Babak Shokri
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, P.O. Box: 1983969411, Tehran, Iran.
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Motta F, Barone E, Sica A, Selmi C. Inflammaging and Osteoarthritis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2023; 64:222-238. [PMID: 35716253 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-022-08941-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a highly prevalent disease particularly in subjects over 65 years of age worldwide. While in the past it was considered a mere consequence of cartilage degradation leading to anatomical and functional joint impairment, in recent decades, there has been a more dynamic view with the synovium, the cartilage, and the subchondral bone producing inflammatory mediators which ultimately lead to cartilage damage. Inflammaging is defined as a chronic, sterile, low-grade inflammation state driven by endogenous signals in the absence of infections, occurring with aging. This chronic status is linked to the production of reactive oxygen species and molecules involved in the development of age-related disease such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Inflammaging contributes to osteoarthritis development where both the innate and the adaptive immune response are involved. Elevated systemic and local inflammatory cytokines and senescent molecules promote cartilage degradation, and antigens derived from damaged joints further trigger inflammation through inflammasome activation. B and T lymphocyte populations also change with inflammaging and OA, with reduced regulatory functions, thus implicating self-reactivity as an additional mechanism of joint damage. The discovery of the underlying pathogenic pathways may help to identify potential therapeutic targets for the management or the prevention of osteoarthritis. We will provide a comprehensive evaluation of the current literature on the role of inflammaging in osteoarthritis and discuss the emerging therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Motta
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, via Rita Levi Montalcini, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Barone
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, via Rita Levi Montalcini, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Sica
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Carlo Selmi
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, via Rita Levi Montalcini, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.
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43
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San-Millán I. The Key Role of Mitochondrial Function in Health and Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040782. [PMID: 37107158 PMCID: PMC10135185 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of mitochondrial function in health and disease has become increasingly recognized, particularly in the last two decades. Mitochondrial dysfunction as well as disruptions of cellular bioenergetics have been shown to be ubiquitous in some of the most prevalent diseases in our society, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of mitochondrial dysfunction in multiple diseases have yet to be elucidated, making it one of the most significant medical challenges in our history. However, the rapid advances in our knowledge of cellular metabolism coupled with the novel understanding at the molecular and genetic levels show tremendous promise to one day elucidate the mysteries of this ancient organelle in order to treat it therapeutically when needed. Mitochondrial DNA mutations, infections, aging, and a lack of physical activity have been identified to be major players in mitochondrial dysfunction in multiple diseases. This review examines the complexities of mitochondrial function, whose ancient incorporation into eukaryotic cells for energy purposes was key for the survival and creation of new species. Among these complexities, the tightly intertwined bioenergetics derived from the combustion of alimentary substrates and oxygen are necessary for cellular homeostasis, including the production of reactive oxygen species. This review discusses different etiological mechanisms by which mitochondria could become dysregulated, determining the fate of multiple tissues and organs and being a protagonist in the pathogenesis of many non-communicable diseases. Finally, physical activity is a canonical evolutionary characteristic of humans that remains embedded in our genes. The normalization of a lack of physical activity in our modern society has led to the perception that exercise is an "intervention". However, physical activity remains the modus vivendi engrained in our genes and being sedentary has been the real intervention and collateral effect of modern societies. It is well known that a lack of physical activity leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and, hence, it probably becomes a major etiological factor of many non-communicable diseases affecting modern societies. Since physical activity remains the only stimulus we know that can improve and maintain mitochondrial function, a significant emphasis on exercise promotion should be imperative in order to prevent multiple diseases. Finally, in populations with chronic diseases where mitochondrial dysfunction is involved, an individualized exercise prescription should be crucial for the "metabolic rehabilitation" of many patients. From lessons learned from elite athletes (the perfect human machines), it is possible to translate and apply multiple concepts to the betterment of populations with chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñigo San-Millán
- Department of Human Physiology and Nutrition, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO 80198, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Sun X, Liu S, Cai J, Yang M, Li C, Tan M, He B. Mitochondrial Methionyl-tRNA Formyltransferase Deficiency Alleviates Metaflammation by Modulating Mitochondrial Activity in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065999. [PMID: 36983072 PMCID: PMC10051599 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Various studies have revealed the association of metabolic diseases with inflammation. Mitochondria are key organelles involved in metabolic regulation and important drivers of inflammation. However, it is uncertain whether the inhibition of mitochondrial protein translation results in the development of metabolic diseases, such that the metabolic benefits related to the inhibition of mitochondrial activity remain unclear. Mitochondrial methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase (Mtfmt) functions in the early stages of mitochondrial translation. In this study, we reveal that feeding with a high-fat diet led to the upregulation of Mtfmt in the livers of mice and that a negative correlation existed between hepatic Mtfmt gene expression and fasting blood glucose levels. A knockout mouse model of Mtfmt was generated to explore its possible role in metabolic diseases and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Homozygous knockout mice experienced embryonic lethality, but heterozygous knockout mice showed a global reduction in Mtfmt expression and activity. Moreover, heterozygous mice showed increased glucose tolerance and reduced inflammation, which effects were induced by the high-fat diet. The cellular assays showed that Mtfmt deficiency reduced mitochondrial activity and the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and blunted nuclear factor-κB activation, which, in turn, downregulated inflammation in macrophages. The results of this study indicate that targeting Mtfmt-mediated mitochondrial protein translation to regulate inflammation might provide a potential therapeutic strategy for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Suyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiangxue Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Miaoxin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chenxuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Meiling Tan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bin He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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45
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Aging Hallmarks and the Role of Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030651. [PMID: 36978899 PMCID: PMC10044767 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex biological process accompanied by a progressive decline in the physical function of the organism and an increased risk of age-related chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Studies have established that there exist nine hallmarks of the aging process, including (i) telomere shortening, (ii) genomic instability, (iii) epigenetic modifications, (iv) mitochondrial dysfunction, (v) loss of proteostasis, (vi) dysregulated nutrient sensing, (vii) stem cell exhaustion, (viii) cellular senescence, and (ix) altered cellular communication. All these alterations have been linked to sustained systemic inflammation, and these mechanisms contribute to the aging process in timing not clearly determined yet. Nevertheless, mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the most important mechanisms contributing to the aging process. Mitochondria is the primary endogenous source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). During the aging process, there is a decline in ATP production and elevated ROS production together with a decline in the antioxidant defense. Elevated ROS levels can cause oxidative stress and severe damage to the cell, organelle membranes, DNA, lipids, and proteins. This damage contributes to the aging phenotype. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the mechanisms of aging with an emphasis on mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS production.
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Kidwell CU, Casalini JR, Pradeep S, Scherer SD, Greiner D, Bayik D, Watson DC, Olson GS, Lathia JD, Johnson JS, Rutter J, Welm AL, Zangle TA, Roh-Johnson M. Transferred mitochondria accumulate reactive oxygen species, promoting proliferation. eLife 2023; 12:e85494. [PMID: 36876914 PMCID: PMC10042539 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies reveal that lateral mitochondrial transfer, the movement of mitochondria from one cell to another, can affect cellular and tissue homeostasis. Most of what we know about mitochondrial transfer stems from bulk cell studies and have led to the paradigm that functional transferred mitochondria restore bioenergetics and revitalize cellular functions to recipient cells with damaged or non-functional mitochondrial networks. However, we show that mitochondrial transfer also occurs between cells with functioning endogenous mitochondrial networks, but the mechanisms underlying how transferred mitochondria can promote such sustained behavioral reprogramming remain unclear. We report that unexpectedly, transferred macrophage mitochondria are dysfunctional and accumulate reactive oxygen species in recipient cancer cells. We further discovered that reactive oxygen species accumulation activates ERK signaling, promoting cancer cell proliferation. Pro-tumorigenic macrophages exhibit fragmented mitochondrial networks, leading to higher rates of mitochondrial transfer to cancer cells. Finally, we observe that macrophage mitochondrial transfer promotes tumor cell proliferation in vivo. Collectively these results indicate that transferred macrophage mitochondria activate downstream signaling pathways in a ROS-dependent manner in cancer cells, and provide a model of how sustained behavioral reprogramming can be mediated by a relatively small amount of transferred mitochondria in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea U Kidwell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Joseph R Casalini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Soorya Pradeep
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Sandra D Scherer
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Daniel Greiner
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Defne Bayik
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandUnited States
| | - Dionysios C Watson
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandUnited States
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterClevelandUnited States
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandUnited States
| | - Gregory S Olson
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandUnited States
| | - Jarrod S Johnson
- Division of Microbiology & Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Jared Rutter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Alana L Welm
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Thomas A Zangle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Minna Roh-Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
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Wei Y, Jia S, Ding Y, Xia S, Giunta S. Balanced basal-levels of ROS (redox-biology), and very-low-levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (cold-inflammaging), as signaling molecules can prevent or slow-down overt-inflammaging, and the aging-associated decline of adaptive-homeostasis. Exp Gerontol 2023; 172:112067. [PMID: 36535453 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.112067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Both reactive oxygen species (ROS) from redox-biology and pro-inflammatory cytokines from innate immunity/and other sources, in addition to their role in redox-biology, and in defense and repair, have long been regarded as potentially harmful factors associated with oxidative stress and inflammatory states. However, their important physiological functions as signaling molecules have been demonstrated to be of importance, also in Geroscience, particularly when ROS are at balanced basal levels (redox-biology) and pro-inflammatory cytokines are at very low levels (cold-inflammaging). Under these conditions, both of these components (alone or in combination) may act as signaling/response molecules involved in regulating/maintaining or restoring adaptive homeostasis during aging, particularly in the early phases of even very-mild non-damaging internal or external environmental stimuli that could nevertheless elicit low-grade warnings-signals for homeostatic stability. If signals potentially perturbing homeostasis persist, the levels of ROS and pro-inflammatory mediators increase resulting in a switch from adaptive to maladaptive responses which may lead to oxidative stress and overt-inflammaging (or even to an overt inflammatory state), thus paving the way to the risks of aging-related diseases (ARDs). Conversely, upon adaptive-responses, low-levels of ROS and very-low-levels of pro-inflammatory-cytokines, alone or in combination, can result in an amplified capacity to prevent or slow-down overt-inflammaging (2-fold to 4-fold increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines) thus maintaining or restoring homeostasis. Therefore, these signaling molecules may also have the sequential incremental potential to prevent or slow the subsequent decline of adaptive homeostasis that will occur later in the lifespan. These scenarios may lead us to conceive of, and conceptualize, both these molecules and their basal-low levels, as well as their dynamics and the time-course of responses, as 'potential important pillars of adaptive-homeostasis in aging' since the earliest phases of the occurrence of any even very- mild environmental potential imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Wei
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shuang Jia
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Ding
- Shanghai Medical Information Center, Shanghai Health Development Research Center, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shijin Xia
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Sergio Giunta
- Casa di Cura Prof. Nobili-GHC Garofalo Health Care, Bologna, Italy.
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48
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Chirumbolo S, Tirelli U, Franzini M, Pandolfi S, Ricevuti G, Vaiano F, Valdenassi L. Ozone in the adjunct medical treatment. The round personality of a molecule with hormetic properties. Hum Exp Toxicol 2023; 42:9603271231218926. [PMID: 38073286 DOI: 10.1177/09603271231218926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Ozone, an allotrope of oxygen, is enjoying an increasing interest in the setting and management of the medical adjunct treatment, which is called, maybe too simplistically, "ozone therapy". Ozone is not a medicine, so the word therapy does not properly fit this gaseous molecule. Like many natural compounds, for example plant flavonoids, even ozone interacts with aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs) and, at low doses, it works according to the paradoxical mechanism of hormesis, involving mitochondria (mitohormesis). Ozone, in the hormetic range, exerts cell protective functions via the Nrf2-mediated activation of the anti-oxidant system, then leading to anti-inflammatory effects, also via the triggering of low doses of 4-HNE. Moreover, its interaction with plasma and lipids forms reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipoperoxides (LPOs), generally called ozonides, which are enabled to rule the major molecular actions of ozone in the cell. Ozone behaves as a bioregulator, by activating a wide population of reactive intermediates, which usually target mitochondria and their turnover/biogenesis, often leading to a pleiotropic spectrum of actions and behaving as a tuner of the fundamental mechanisms of survival in the cell. In this sense, ozone can be considered a novelty in the medical sciences and in the clinical approach to pharmacology and medical therapy, due to its ability to target complex regulatory systems and not simple receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Marianno Franzini
- Italian Scientific Society of Oxygen Ozone Therapy (SIOOT) and High Master School in Oxygen Ozone Therapy, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sergio Pandolfi
- Italian Scientific Society of Oxygen Ozone Therapy (SIOOT) and High Master School in Oxygen Ozone Therapy, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Vaiano
- Italian Scientific Society of Oxygen Ozone Therapy (SIOOT) and High Master School in Oxygen Ozone Therapy, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luigi Valdenassi
- Italian Scientific Society of Oxygen Ozone Therapy (SIOOT) and High Master School in Oxygen Ozone Therapy, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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49
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Tee CCL, Cooke MB, Chong MC, Yeo WK, Camera DM. Mechanisms for Combined Hypoxic Conditioning and Divergent Exercise Modes to Regulate Inflammation, Body Composition, Appetite, and Blood Glucose Homeostasis in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Narrative Review. Sports Med 2023; 53:327-348. [PMID: 36441492 PMCID: PMC9877079 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01782-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major global health issue and a primary risk factor for metabolic-related disorders. While physical inactivity is one of the main contributors to obesity, it is a modifiable risk factor with exercise training as an established non-pharmacological treatment to prevent the onset of metabolic-related disorders, including obesity. Exposure to hypoxia via normobaric hypoxia (simulated altitude via reduced inspired oxygen fraction), termed hypoxic conditioning, in combination with exercise has been increasingly shown in the last decade to enhance blood glucose regulation and decrease the body mass index, providing a feasible strategy to treat obesity. However, there is no current consensus in the literature regarding the optimal combination of exercise variables such as the mode, duration, and intensity of exercise, as well as the level of hypoxia to maximize fat loss and overall body compositional changes with hypoxic conditioning. In this narrative review, we discuss the effects of such diverse exercise and hypoxic variables on the systematic and myocellular mechanisms, along with physiological responses, implicated in the development of obesity. These include markers of appetite regulation and inflammation, body conformational changes, and blood glucose regulation. As such, we consolidate findings from human studies to provide greater clarity for implementing hypoxic conditioning with exercise as a safe, practical, and effective treatment strategy for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Chow Li Tee
- Division of Research and Innovation, National Sports Institute of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Group, Swinburne University, Room SPW224, Mail H21, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Matthew B Cooke
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Group, Swinburne University, Room SPW224, Mail H21, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Mee Chee Chong
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Group, Swinburne University, Room SPW224, Mail H21, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Wee Kian Yeo
- Division of Research and Innovation, National Sports Institute of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Donny M Camera
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Group, Swinburne University, Room SPW224, Mail H21, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia.
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50
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Sarabhai T, Mastrototaro L, Kahl S, Bönhof GJ, Jonuscheit M, Bobrov P, Katsuyama H, Guthoff R, Wolkersdorfer M, Herder C, Meuth SG, Dreyer S, Roden M. Hyperbaric oxygen rapidly improves tissue-specific insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial capacity in humans with type 2 diabetes: a randomised placebo-controlled crossover trial. Diabetologia 2023; 66:57-69. [PMID: 36178534 PMCID: PMC9729133 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05797-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy may improve hyperglycaemia in humans with type 2 diabetes, but underlying mechanisms are unclear. Our objective was to examine the glucometabolic effects of HBO on whole-body glucose disposal in humans with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In a randomised placebo-controlled crossover trial located at the German Diabetes Center, 12 male individuals with type 2 diabetes (age 18-75 years, BMI <35 kg/m2, HbA1c 42-75 mmol/mol [6-9%]), randomly allocated by one person, underwent 2-h HBO, once with 100% (240 kPa; HBO) and once with 21% oxygen (240 kPa; control, CON). Insulin sensitivity was assessed by hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamps with D-[6,6-2H2]glucose, hepatic and skeletal muscle energy metabolism were assessed by 1H/31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, while high-resolution respirometry measured skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue (WAT) mitochondrial capacity. All participants and people assessing the outcomes were blinded. RESULTS HBO decreased fasting blood glucose by 19% and increased whole-body, hepatic and WAT insulin sensitivity about one-third (p<0.05 vs CON). Upon HBO, hepatic γ-ATP concentrations doubled, mitochondrial respiratory control doubled in skeletal muscle and tripled in WAT (p<0.05 vs CON). HBO increased myocellular insulin-stimulated serine-473/threonine-308 phosphorylation of Akt but decreased basal inhibitory serine-1101 phosphorylation of IRS-1 and endoplasmic reticulum stress (p<0.05 vs CON). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION HBO-mediated improvement of insulin sensitivity likely results from decreased endoplasmic reticulum stress and increased mitochondrial capacity, possibly leading to low-dose reactive oxygen species-mediated mitohormesis in humans with type 2 diabetes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04219215 FUNDING: German Federal Ministry of Health, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, North-Rhine Westfalia Ministry of Culture and Science, European-Regional-Development-Fund, German-Research-Foundation (DFG), Schmutzler Stiftung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresia Sarabhai
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lucia Mastrototaro
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Kahl
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gidon J Bönhof
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marc Jonuscheit
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Pavel Bobrov
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hisayuki Katsuyama
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Guthoff
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Wolkersdorfer
- Department of Production, Hospital Pharmacy, Landesapotheke Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christian Herder
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sven G Meuth
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sven Dreyer
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany.
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