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Dorai APS, Umina PA, Chirgwin E, Yang Q, Gu X, Thia J, Hoffmann A. Novel transinfections of Rickettsiella do not affect insecticide tolerance in Myzus persicae, Rhopalosiphum padi, or Diuraphis noxia (Hemiptera: Aphididae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2024:toae136. [PMID: 38935037 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toae136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) are economically important crop pests worldwide. Because of growing issues with insecticide resistance and environmental contamination by insecticides, alternate methods are being explored to provide aphid control. Aphids contain endosymbiotic bacteria that affect host fitness and could be targeted as potential biocontrol agents, but such novel strategies should not impact the effectiveness of traditional chemical control. In this work, we used a novel endosymbiont transinfection to examine the impact of the endosymbiont Rickettsiella viridis on chemical tolerance in 3 important agricultural pest species of aphid: Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko ex Kurdjumov) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). We tested tolerance to the commonly used insecticides alpha-cypermethrin, bifenthrin, and pirimicarb using a leaf-dip bioassay. We found no observed effect of this novel endosymbiont transinfection on chemical tolerance, suggesting that the strain of Rickettsiella tested here could be used as a biocontrol agent without affecting sensitivity to insecticides. This may allow Rickettsiella transinfections to be used in combination with chemical applications for pest control. The impacts of other endosymbionts on insecticide tolerance should be considered, along with tests on multiple aphid clones with different inherent levels of chemical tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashritha Prithiv Sivaji Dorai
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Paul A Umina
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Cesar Australia, Brunswick, VIC 3056, Australia
| | | | - Qiong Yang
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Xinyue Gu
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Joshua Thia
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ary Hoffmann
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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Mack LK, Attardo GM. Heat shock proteins, thermotolerance, and insecticide resistance in mosquitoes. FRONTIERS IN INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 4:1309941. [PMID: 38469339 PMCID: PMC10926544 DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2024.1309941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Mosquitoes transmit pathogens that pose a threat to millions of people globally. Unfortunately, widespread insecticide resistance makes it difficult to control these public health pests. General mechanisms of resistance, such as target site mutations or increased metabolic activity, are well established. However, many questions regarding the dynamics of these adaptations in the context of developmental and environmental conditions require additional exploration. One aspect of resistance that deserves further study is the role of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in insecticide tolerance. Studies show that mosquitoes experiencing heat stress before insecticide exposure demonstrate decreased mortality. This is similar to the observed reciprocal reduction in mortality in mosquitoes exposed to insecticide prior to heat stress. The environmental shifts associated with climate change will result in mosquitoes occupying environments with higher ambient temperatures, which could enhance existing insecticide resistance phenotypes. This physiological relationship adds a new dimension to the problem of insecticide resistance and further complicates the challenges that vector control and public health personnel face. This article reviews studies illustrating the relationship between insecticide resistance and HSPs or hsp genes as well as the intersection of thermotolerance and insecticide resistance. Further study of HSPs and insecticide resistance could lead to a deeper understanding of how environmental factors modulate the physiology of these important disease vectors to prepare for changing climatic conditions and the development of novel strategies to prevent vector-borne disease transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geoffrey M. Attardo
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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Amiri A, Bandani AR. Callosobruchus maculatus males and females respond differently to grandparental effects. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295937. [PMID: 38134132 PMCID: PMC10745144 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we used the cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and two essential oils (mint and rosemary) to investigate the effect of the parents (F0) exposure to a sublethal dose of essential oil on grand offspring (F2) encountering the same essential oil. Then we evaluated biological parameters, including immature development time, sex ratio, adult emergence, egg number, egg hatch, longevity, and mating behaviors in three generations (F0, F1, and F2). Results showed when F0 experienced essential oil in the embryonic stage, parental and grandparental effects were more severe than adulthood experiences. Also, grandparental effects increased or decreased reactions of F2 generation when faced with a similar essential oil, depending on grand offspring sex. For example, when grandparents experienced rosemary essential oil in the embryonic stage, they produced more tolerant female grand offspring with a better ability to cope with the same essential oil (increased adult longevity and egg number). However, male grandoffspring were more sensitive (had a higher mortality percentage and less copulation success). Grandparental effects of exposure to mint essential oil diminished female grand offspring longevity and improved male copulation behavior parameters such as increased copulation duration and decreased rejection by females. In all, grandparental effects were different in male and female grand offspring based on the essential oil type experienced by F0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Amiri
- College of Geography and Environmental Planning. University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Ali R. Bandani
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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Rix RR, Cutler GC. Review of molecular and biochemical responses during stress induced stimulation and hormesis in insects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 827:154085. [PMID: 35218848 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The biphasic hormetic response to stress, defined by low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition is frequently observed in insects. Various molecular and biochemical responses associated with hormesis in insects have been reported in many studies, but no synthesis of all these findings has been undertaken. We conducted a systematic literature review, analyzing papers demonstrating phenotypic stimulatory effect(s) following exposure to stress where molecular or biochemical response(s) were also examined. Responses observed included stimulation of reproduction, survival and longevity, growth and development, and tolerance to temperature, chemical, or starvation and desiccation, in response to stressors including pesticides, oxidative stress, temperature, crowding and starvation, and radiation. Phenotypic stimulation ranged from <25% increased above controls to >100%. Reproductive stimulation was frequently <25% increased above controls, while stimulated temperature tolerance was frequently >100% increased. Molecular and biochemical responses had obvious direct connections to phenotypic responses in many cases, although not in all instances. Increased expression of heat shock proteins occurred in association with stimulated temperature tolerance, and increased expression of detoxification genes with stimulated pesticide or chemical tolerance, but also stimulated reproduction. Changes in the expression or activity of antioxidants were frequently associated with stimulation of longevity and reproduction. Stress induced changes in vitellogenin and juvenile hormone and genes in the IIS/TOR signalling pathway - which are directly responsible for regulating growth, development, and reproduction - were also reported. Our analysis showed that coordination of expression of genes or proteins associated with protection from oxidative stress and DNA and protein damage is important in the hormetic responses of insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel R Rix
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, PO Box 550, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada.
| | - G Christopher Cutler
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, PO Box 550, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada.
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Montaño-Campaz ML, Dias LG, Bacca T, Toro-Restrepo B, Oliveira EE. Exposures to deltamethrin on immature Chironomus columbiensis drive sublethal and transgenerational effects on their reproduction and wing morphology. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:134042. [PMID: 35202668 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sublethal exposure to insecticides can trigger unintended responses in non-target insects that may disrupt reproductive and developmental performances of these organisms. Here, we assessed whether sublethal exposure to the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin in early life had sublethal and transgenerational effects on the reproduction (i.e., fecundity and fertility) and wing morphology of Chironomus columbiensis, an aquatic insect used as a water quality indicator. We first conducted concentration-response bioassays to evaluate the susceptibility of C. columbiensis larvae to deltamethrin. Our results revealed that deltamethrin toxicity was approximately 7-fold higher when C. columbiensis larvae where exposed to 96 h (LC50 = 0.17 [0.15-0.20] μg/L) than to 24 h (LC50 = 1.17 [0.97-1.43] μg/L). Furthermore, the sublethal exposures (at LC1 = 0.02 μg/L or LC10 = 0.05 μg/L) of immature C. columbiensis resulted in lower fecundity (e.g., reduced eggs production) and morphometric variation wing shapes. Further reduction in fertility rates (quantity of viable eggs) occurred at deltamethrin LC10 (0.05 μg/L). Almost 80% of the fecundity was recovered with only a single recovery generation; however, two subsequent recovery generations were not sufficient to fully recover fecundity in C. columbiensis. Specimens recovered from 98.5% of wing morphometric variation after two consecutive generations without deltamethrin exposure. Collectively, our findings demonstrates that sublethal exposure to synthetic pyrethroids such as deltamethrin detrimentally affect the reproduction and wing shape of C. columbiensis, but also indicate that proper management of these compounds (e.g., concentration and frequency of application) would suffice for these insects' population recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton L Montaño-Campaz
- Programa de Doctorado, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Grupo de Investigación Bionat, Universidad de Caldas, Caldas, Colombia; Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Viçosa (UFV), 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucimar G Dias
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Y Naturales, Grupo de Investigación Bionat, Universidad de Caldas, Caldas, Colombia
| | - Tito Bacca
- Facultad de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad del Tolima., Tolima, Colombia
| | - Beatriz Toro-Restrepo
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Y Naturales, Grupo de Investigación Bionat, Universidad de Caldas, Caldas, Colombia
| | - Eugênio E Oliveira
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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Pisa L, Goulson D, Yang EC, Gibbons D, Sánchez-Bayo F, Mitchell E, Aebi A, van der Sluijs J, MacQuarrie CJK, Giorio C, Long EY, McField M, Bijleveld van Lexmond M, Bonmatin JM. An update of the Worldwide Integrated Assessment (WIA) on systemic insecticides. Part 2: impacts on organisms and ecosystems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:11749-11797. [PMID: 29124633 PMCID: PMC7921077 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0341-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
New information on the lethal and sublethal effects of neonicotinoids and fipronil on organisms is presented in this review, complementing the previous Worldwide Integrated Assessment (WIA) in 2015. The high toxicity of these systemic insecticides to invertebrates has been confirmed and expanded to include more species and compounds. Most of the recent research has focused on bees and the sublethal and ecological impacts these insecticides have on pollinators. Toxic effects on other invertebrate taxa also covered predatory and parasitoid natural enemies and aquatic arthropods. Little new information has been gathered on soil organisms. The impact on marine and coastal ecosystems is still largely uncharted. The chronic lethality of neonicotinoids to insects and crustaceans, and the strengthened evidence that these chemicals also impair the immune system and reproduction, highlights the dangers of this particular insecticidal class (neonicotinoids and fipronil), with the potential to greatly decrease populations of arthropods in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. Sublethal effects on fish, reptiles, frogs, birds, and mammals are also reported, showing a better understanding of the mechanisms of toxicity of these insecticides in vertebrates and their deleterious impacts on growth, reproduction, and neurobehaviour of most of the species tested. This review concludes with a summary of impacts on the ecosystem services and functioning, particularly on pollination, soil biota, and aquatic invertebrate communities, thus reinforcing the previous WIA conclusions (van der Sluijs et al. 2015).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dave Goulson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - En-Cheng Yang
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - David Gibbons
- RSPB Centre for Conservation of Science, The Lodge, Sandy, Bedfordshire, SG19 2DL, UK
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Bayo
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, 1 Central Avenue, Eveleigh, NSW, 2015, Australia
| | - Edward Mitchell
- Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Aebi
- Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Anthropology Institute, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Saint-Nicolas 4, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Jeroen van der Sluijs
- Centre for the Study of the Sciences and the Humanities, University of Bergen, Postboks 7805, 5020, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Postboks 7805, 5020, Bergen, Norway
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Environmental Sciences, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 2, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Chris J K MacQuarrie
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, 1219 Queen St. East, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, P6A 2E5, Canada
| | | | - Elizabeth Yim Long
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA
| | - Melanie McField
- Smithsonian Institution, 701 Seaway Drive Fort Pierce, Florida, 34949, USA
| | | | - Jean-Marc Bonmatin
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071, Orléans, France.
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Peng X, Wang S, Huang L, Su S, Chen M. Characterization of Rhopalosiphum padi takeout-like genes and their role in insecticide susceptibility. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 171:104725. [PMID: 33357548 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Due to the extensive use of chemical insecticides, the field populations of Rhopalosiphum padi, a serious wheat pest worldwide, have developed resistance to insecticides. Therefore, deep understanding of the mechanisms of the aphid's physiological response to insecticides would be of importance for the management of insecticide resistance in pests. Takeout belongs to a protein superfamily found exclusively in insects. Previous research showed that the takeout gene had various functions in insect physiology and behavior. However, few studies have explored the functions of takeout in insect insecticide susceptibility. The susceptibility of R. padi to imidacloprid and beta-cypermethrin was tested. Thirteen takeout-like genes were identified based on the genome database of R. padi. The number of exons was variable in these takeout-like genes, and nine highly conserved amino acids (two Cysteine, two Proline, four Glycine and one Aspartic acid) were identified. Expression levels of takeout-like-2, takeout-like-3, takeout-like-5, takeout-like-8, takeout-like-10 and takeout-like-11 were significantly increased after imidacloprid treatment; seven genes (takeout-like-1, takeout-like-2, takeout-like-5, takeout-like-6, takeout-like-7, takeout-like-8 and takeout-like-11) tended to be upregulated after beta-cypermethrin treatment. RNA interference results showed that the mortalities of R. padi injected with dsTOL-2, dsTOL-5, dsTOL-8, dsTOL-10 and dsTOL-11 were significantly increased after exposure to imidacloprid in comparison with control (injection of dsGFP). Under two sublethal concentrations of beta-cypermethrin, the silencing of takeout-like-2, takeout-like-5 and takeout-like-11 significantly increased the mortalities of R. padi. These results provide evidence for the involvement of takeout-like genes in insecticide susceptibility of R. padi, which improves our understanding the determinant of insecticide susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Suji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sha Su
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Maohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Repellency, Toxicity, Gene Expression Profiling and In Silico Studies to Explore Insecticidal Potential of Melaleuca alternifolia Essential Oil against Myzus persicae. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10110425. [PMID: 30366370 PMCID: PMC6266121 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10110425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, deterrent assay, contact bioassay, lethal concentration (LC) analysis and gene expression analysis were performed to reveal the repellent or insecticidal potential of M. alternifolia oil against M. persicae. M. alternifolia oil demonstrated an excellent deterrence index (0.8) at 2 g/L after 48 h. The oil demonstrated a pronounced contact mortality rate (72%) at a dose of 4 g/L after 24 h. Probit analysis was performed to estimate LC-values of M. alternifolia oil (40%) against M. persicae (LC30 = 0.115 g/L and LC50 = 0.37 g/L respectively) after 24 h. Furthermore, to probe changes in gene expression due to M. alternifolia oil contact in M. persicae, the expression of HSP 60, FPPS I, OSD, TOL and ANT genes were examined at doses of LC30 and LC50. Four out of the five selected genes—OSD, ANT, HSP 60 and FPPS I—showed upregulation at LC50, whereas, TOL gene showed maximum upregulation expression at LC30. Finally, the major components of M. alternifolia oil (terpinen-4-ol) were docked and MD simulated into the related proteins of the selected genes to explore ligand–protein modes of interactions and changes in gene expression. The results show that M. alternifolia oil has remarkable insecticidal and deterrent effects and also has the ability to affect the reproduction and development in M. persicae by binding to proteins.
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Morkunas I, Woźniak A, Mai VC, Rucińska-Sobkowiak R, Jeandet P. The Role of Heavy Metals in Plant Response to Biotic Stress. Molecules 2018; 23:E2320. [PMID: 30208652 PMCID: PMC6225295 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review discusses the impact of heavy metals on the growth of plants at different concentrations, paying particular attention to the hormesis effect. Within the past decade, study of the hormesis phenomenon has generated considerable interest because it was considered not only in the framework of plant growth stimulation but also as an adaptive response of plants to a low level of stress which in turn can play an important role in their responses to other stress factors. In this review, we focused on the defence mechanisms of plants as a response to different metal ion doses and during the crosstalk between metal ions and biotic stressors such as insects and pathogenic fungi. Issues relating to metal ion acquisition and ion homeostasis that may be essential for the survival of plants, pathogens and herbivores competing in the same environment were highlighted. Besides, the influence of heavy metals on insects, especially aphids and pathogenic fungi, was shown. Our intention was also to shed light on the relationship between heavy metals deposition in the environment and ecological communities formed under a strong selective pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Morkunas
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Woźniak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Van Chung Mai
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
- Department of Plant Physiology, Vinh University, Le Duan 182, Vinh City, Vietnam.
| | - Renata Rucińska-Sobkowiak
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Philippe Jeandet
- Research Unit "Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection", UPRES EA 4707, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Reims, P.O. Box 1039, 02 51687 Reims CEDEX, France.
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Shephard AM, Aksenov V, Tran J, Nelson CJ, Boreham DR, Rollo CD. Hormetic Effects of Early Juvenile Radiation Exposure on Adult Reproduction and Offspring Performance in the Cricket ( Acheta domesticus). Dose Response 2018; 16:1559325818797499. [PMID: 30210269 PMCID: PMC6130088 DOI: 10.1177/1559325818797499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation can have positive impacts on biological performance—a concept known as hormesis. Although radiation hormesis is well-documented, the predominant focus has been medical. In comparison, little research has examined potential effects of early life radiation stress on organismal investment in life history traits that closely influence evolutionary fitness (eg, patterns of growth, survival, and reproduction). Evaluating the fitness consequences of radiation stress is important, given that low-level radiation pollution from anthropogenic sources is considered a major threat to natural ecosystems. Using the cricket (Acheta domesticus), we tested a wide range of doses to assess whether a single juvenile exposure to radiation could induce hormetic benefits on lifetime fitness measures. Consistent with hormesis, we found that low-dose juvenile radiation positively impacted female fecundity, offspring size, and offspring performance. Remarkably, even a single low dose of radiation in early juvenile development can elicit a range of positive fitness effects emerging over the life span and even into the next generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Shephard
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Vadim Aksenov
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan Tran
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Connor J Nelson
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Douglas R Boreham
- Division of Medical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - C David Rollo
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Brevik K, Lindström L, McKay SD, Chen YH. Transgenerational effects of insecticides-implications for rapid pest evolution in agroecosystems. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2018; 26:34-40. [PMID: 29764658 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although pesticides are a major selective force in driving the evolution of insect pests, the evolutionary processes that give rise to insecticide resistance remain poorly understood. Insecticide resistance has been widely observed to increase with frequent and intense insecticide exposure, but can be lost following the relaxation of insecticide use. One possible but rarely explored explanation is that insecticide resistance may be associated with epigenetic modifications, which influence the patterning of gene expression without changing underlying DNA sequence. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and small RNAs have been observed to be heritable in arthropods, but their role in the context of rapid evolution of insecticide resistance remain poorly understood. Here, we discuss evidence supporting how: firstly, insecticide-induced effects can be transgenerationally inherited; secondly, epigenetic modifications are heritable; and thirdly, epigenetic modifications are responsive to pesticide and xenobiotic stress. Therefore, pesticides may drive the evolution of resistance via epigenetic processes. Moreover, insect pests primed by pesticides may be more tolerant of other stress, further enhancing their success in adapting to agroecosystems. Resolving the role of epigenetic modifications in the rapid evolution of insect pests has the potential to lead to new approaches for integrated pest management as well as improve our understanding of how anthropogenic stress may drive the evolution of insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Brevik
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
| | - Leena Lindström
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Stephanie D McKay
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Yolanda H Chen
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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Rix RR, Cutler GC. Does multigenerational exposure to hormetic concentrations of imidacloprid precondition aphids for increased insecticide tolerance? PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:314-322. [PMID: 28905473 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hormetic preconditioning, whereby exposure to mild stress primes an organism to better tolerate subsequent stress, is well documented. It is unknown if exposure to hormetic concentrations of insecticide can trans-generationally prime insects to better tolerate insecticide exposure, or whether exposure to hormetic concentrations of insecticide can induce mutations in genes responsible for insecticide resistance. Using the aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and the insecticide imidacloprid as a model, we examined if exposure to mildly toxic and hormetic concentrations of imidacloprid reduced aphid susceptibility to insecticides across four generations, and whether such exposures induced mutations in the imidacloprid binding site in post-synaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. RESULTS Chronic, multigenerational exposure of aphids to hormetic concentrations of imidacloprid primed offspring to better survive exposure to certain concentrations of imidacloprid, but not exposure to spirotetramat, an insecticide with a different mode of action. Exposure to hormetic and mildly toxic concentrations of imidacloprid did not result in mutations in any of the examined nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that exposure to hormetic concentrations of insecticide can prime insects to better withstand subsequent chemical stress, but this is dependent upon the insecticide exposure scenario, and may be subtle over generations. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel R Rix
- Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - G Christopher Cutler
- Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Hagenbucher S, Eisenring M, Meissle M, Romeis J. Interaction of transgenic and natural insect resistance mechanisms against Spodoptera littoralis in cotton. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2017; 73:1670-1678. [PMID: 28019063 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insect-resistant transgenic plants that express insecticidal Cry proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are grown on millions of hectares worldwide. While these proteins are efficient in controlling key lepidopteran pests, not all pests are affected and the development of resistance in target pests is always a concern. These shortcomings could be addressed by exploiting the natural insect resistance of cotton, especially inducible terpenoids such as gossypol. RESULTS To assess the potential of gossypol in supplementing Cry proteins as a resistance trait, we conducted a range of feeding assays with Spodoptera littoralis using artificial diet with defined amounts of Cry proteins and gossypol. This was supplemented by assays with leaf discs of induced and uninduced non-Bt and Bt cotton (expressing Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab). Additionally, we quantified Cry proteins and cotton terpenoids to describe the interactions in planta. We found that gossypol can increase the efficacy of Cry proteins in artificial diet in an additive way. Induced production of gossypol and other cotton terpenoids, however, did not increase the efficacy of Bt cotton owing to the strong impact of the Bt trait. CONCLUSION Cotton terpenoids may offer the chance to supplement the insect resistance of Bt cotton in cases were the pest is not strongly affected by the Cry proteins. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jörg Romeis
- Agroscope, Biosafety Research Group, Zürich, Switzerland
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Cardoso-Júnior CAM, Fujimura PT, Santos-Júnior CD, Borges NA, Ueira-Vieira C, Hartfelder K, Goulart LR, Bonetti AM. Epigenetic modifications and their relation to caste and sex determination and adult division of labor in the stingless bee Melipona scutellaris. Genet Mol Biol 2017; 40:61-68. [PMID: 28257527 PMCID: PMC5409779 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2016-0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Stingless bees of the genus Melipona, have long been considered an
enigmatic case among social insects for their mode of caste determination, where in
addition to larval food type and quantity, the genotype also has a saying, as
proposed over 50 years ago by Warwick E. Kerr. Several attempts have since tried to
test his Mendelian two-loci/two-alleles segregation hypothesis, but only recently a
single gene crucial for sex determination in bees was evidenced to be
sex-specifically spliced and also caste-specifically expressed in a
Melipona species. Since alternative splicing is frequently
associated with epigenetic marks, and the epigenetic status plays a major role in
setting the caste phenotype in the honey bee, we investigated here epigenetic
chromatin modification in the stingless bee Melipona scutellaris. We
used an ELISA-based methodology to quantify global methylation status and western
blot assays to reveal histone modifications. The results evidenced DNA
methylation/demethylation events in larvae and pupae, and significant differences in
histone methylation and phosphorylation between newly emerged adult queens and
workers. The epigenetic dynamics seen in this stingless bee species represent a new
facet in the caste determination process in Melipona bees and
suggest a possible mechanism that is likely to link a genotype component to the
larval diet and adult social behavior of these bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A M Cardoso-Júnior
- Departamento de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Tieme Fujimura
- Departamento de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Naiara Araújo Borges
- Departamento de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ueira-Vieira
- Departamento de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Klaus Hartfelder
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Ricardo Goulart
- Departamento de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Bonetti
- Departamento de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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Cutler GC, Guedes RNC. Occurrence and Significance of Insecticide-Induced Hormesis in Insects. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2017-1249.ch008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Christopher Cutler
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, P.O. 550, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada, B2N 5E3
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 36570-000
| | - Raul N. C. Guedes
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, P.O. 550, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada, B2N 5E3
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 36570-000
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Li Y, Zhao Q, Duan X, Song C, Chen M. Transcription of four Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) heat shock protein genes and their responses to heat stress and insecticide exposure. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2016; 205:48-57. [PMID: 28025068 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), a worldwide destructive pest, is more heat tolerant than other wheat aphids, and it has developed resistance to different insecticides. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play an important role in coping with environmental stresses. To investigate Hsp transcriptional responses to heat and insecticide stress, four full-length Hsp genes from R. padi (RpHsp60, RpHsc70, RpHsp70-1, and RpHsp70-2) were cloned. Four RpHsps were expressed during all R. padi developmental stages, but at varying levels. The mRNA levels of RpHsps were increased under thermal stress and reached maximal induction at a lower temperature (36°C) in the alate morph than in the apterous morph (37°C or 38°C). RpHsp expressions under heat stress suggest that RpHsp70-1 and RpHsp70-2 are inducible in both apterous and alate morphs, RpHsc70 is only heat-inducible in apterous morph, and RpHsp60 exhibits poor sensitivity to heat stress. The pretreatment at 37°C significantly increase both the survival rate and the RpHsps expression level of R. padi at subsequent lethal temperature. Under exposure to two sublethal concentrations (LC10 and LC30) of beta-cypermethrin, both RpHsp70-1 and RpHsp70-2 expressions were induced and reached a maximum 24h after exposure. In contrast, expression of RpHsp60 was not induced by either sublethal concentration of beta-cypermethrin. Moreover, the responses of RpHsp70-1 and RpHsp70-2 to heat shock were more sensitive than those to beta-cypermethrin. These results suggest that induction of RpHsp expression is related to thermal tolerance, and that RpHsp70-1 and RpHsp70-2 are the primary genes involved in the response to both heat and pesticide stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Li
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xinle Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chunman Song
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd., Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Maohua Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China..
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Ayyanath MM, Scott-Dupree CD, Cutler GC. Effect of low doses of precocene on reproduction and gene expression in green peach aphid. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 128:245-251. [PMID: 25723717 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Insect reproduction can be stimulated by exposure to sublethal doses of insecticide that kill the same insects at high doses. This bi-phasic dose response to a stressor is known as hormesis and has been demonstrated with many different insect-insecticide models. The specific mechanisms of the increased reproduction in insects following sublethal pesticide exposure are unknown, but may be related to juvenile hormone (JH), which has a major role in regulation of metamorphosis and reproductive development in insects. We tested the hypothesis that exposure to sublethal concentrations of precocene, an antagonist of JH, would not result in stimulated reproductive outputs in the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, as can be demonstrated with many neurotoxic insecticides. We also measured JH titers and the expression of various developmental (FPPS I), stress response (Hsp60), and dispersal (OSD, TOL and ANT) genes in aphids following exposure to the same precocene treatments. We found that when aphid nymphs were treated with certain sublethal concentrations of precocene, 1.5- to 2-fold increased reproductive stimulation occurred when they became adults, but this effect subsided in the following generation. Precocene treatments to nymphs resulted in no measurable effects on JH levels in subsequent reproducing adults. Although we detected major effects on gene expression following some precocene treatments (e.g. 100- to 300-fold increased expression of some genes), there were no clear relationships between gene expression and reproductive responses for a given treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali-Mohan Ayyanath
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada; School of Environmental Sciences, Ontario Agricultural College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cynthia D Scott-Dupree
- School of Environmental Sciences, Ontario Agricultural College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - G Christopher Cutler
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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