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HOTAIR expression and prognostic impact in acute myeloid leukemia patients. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-021-00147-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disorder characterized by a rapid onset of symptoms attributable to bone marrow failure due to clonal proliferation of primitive hematopoietic stem cells or progenitor cells. Epigenetic abnormalities play an important role in the development and progression of acute leukemia. Long non-coding ribonucleic acid (lncRNA) plays an important role in epigenetic regulation. Homeobox (Hox) transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is a lncRNA which has been determined to be a negative prognostic indicator in various solid-tumor patients. However, its role in hematopoietic tumors as AML is to be assessed. This study aimed at measuring lncRNA HOTAIR expression level on bone marrow (BM) mononuclear cells in newly diagnosed AML patients and correlating its expression with their outcome and different prognostic variables. This provides new prospective for a novel marker involved in development and progression of AML which can be used as a diagnostic marker and a target of therapy. The current study included 65 subjects divided into 35 newly diagnosed AML adult patients (before initiation of chemotherapy) and 30 non-leukemic adult patients who are candidates for BM aspiration for causes other than hematological malignancies as immune thrombocytopenic purpura and hypersplenism as controls. HOTAIR expression was measured on BM mononuclear cells by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
Results
HOTAIR expression was found to be significantly upregulated in AML patients (probability (p) value = 0.000) and it can be used as a diagnostic biomarker of AML as confirmed by a significant difference between cases and controls using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. However, it was not significantly correlated with event free survival (EFS) or prognostic variables.
Conclusion
This study showed that the expression of HOTAIR is upregulated in de novo AML patients and can be used as a diagnostic marker. However, highly expressed HOTAIR is not associated with poor prognosis.
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Hu L, Liu J, Meng Y, Zheng H, Ding C, Wang H, Charwudzi A, Li M, Li J, Zhai Z, Xiong S. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR regulates myeloid differentiation through the upregulation of p21 via miR-17-5p in acute myeloid leukaemia. RNA Biol 2020; 18:1434-1444. [PMID: 33241756 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2020.1854520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR has been reported to play a key role in regulating various biological processes in various cancers. However, the roles and mechanisms of HOTAIR in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) are still unclear and need to be investigated. In this study, we induced differentiation of four AML cell lines by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and found HOTAIR was significantly upregulated in the process. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays indicated that C/EBPβ upregulated HOTAIR during ATRA induced differentiation in HL-60 cells. By gain- and loss-of-function analysis, we then observed that HOTAIR expression was positively correlated with ATRA-induced differentiation and negatively regulated G1 phase arrest in HL-60 cells. In addition, we found that HOTAIR promoted ATRA-induced differentiation via the regulation of the cell cycle regulator p21 via miR-17-5p. Moreover, we detected the expression of HOTAIR in 84 de novo AML patients, HOTAIR was found significantly downregulated in the AML patients compared to the iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) control group, negatively correlated with the platelet level in M2 patients. In all, our data suggest that HOTAIR may be subtype-specific in AML-M2 patients, also HOTAIR regulates AML differentiation by C/EBPBβ/HOTAIR/miR-17-5p/p21 pathway. The findings of the present study provide a novel insight into the mechanism of lncRNA-mediated differentiation and indicate that HOTAIR may be a promising therapeutic target for leukaemia, especially for AML with M2 type.Abbreviation: AML: acute myeloid leukaemia; APL: acute promyelocytic leukaemia; ATRA: all-trans retinoic acid; CCK8: cell Counting Kit-8; CDKs: cyclin-dependent kinases ; CeRNA: competing endogenous RNAs; ChIP: chromatin immunoprecipitation; CHX: cycloheximide; FAB: French-American-British; FCM: flow cytometry; HOTAIR: HOX transcript antisense RNA; IDA: iron-deficiency anemia; lncRNA: long non-coding RNA; 3'UTR: 3'untranslated region; MT: Mutation type; WT: Wild type; qRT-PCR: Quantitative real-time PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhui Hu
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hematology Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hematology Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Meng
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hematology Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Zheng
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Ding
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hematology Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiping Wang
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hematology Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Alice Charwudzi
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hematology Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Manman Li
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hematology Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingrong Li
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Zhai
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hematology Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shudao Xiong
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hematology Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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Zimta AA, Tomuleasa C, Sahnoune I, Calin GA, Berindan-Neagoe I. Long Non-coding RNAs in Myeloid Malignancies. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1048. [PMID: 31681586 PMCID: PMC6813191 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) represents 80% of adult leukemias and 15-20% of childhood leukemias. AML are characterized by the presence of 20% blasts or more in the bone marrow, or defining cytogenetic abnormalities. Laboratory diagnoses of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) depend on morphological changes based on dysplasia in peripheral blood and bone marrow, including peripheral blood smears, bone marrow aspirate smears, and bone marrow biopsies. As leukemic cells are not functional, the patient develops anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia, leading to fatigue, recurrent infections, and hemorrhage. The genetic background and associated mutations in AML blasts determine the clinical course of the disease. Over the last decade, non-coding RNAs transcripts that do not codify for proteins but play a role in regulation of functions have been shown to have multiple applications in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic approach of various types of cancers, including myeloid malignancies. After a comprehensive review of current literature, we found reports of multiple long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that can differentiate between AML types and how their exogenous modulation can dramatically change the behavior of AML cells. These lncRNAs include: H19, LINC00877, RP11-84C10, CRINDE, RP11848P1.3, ZNF667-AS1, AC111000.4-202, SFMBT2, LINC02082-201, MEG3, AC009495.2, PVT1, HOTTIP, SNHG5, and CCAT1. In addition, by performing an analysis on available AML data in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we found 10 lncRNAs with significantly differential expression between patients in favorable, intermediate/normal, or poor cytogenetic risk categories. These are: DANCR, PRDM16-DT, SNHG6, OIP5-AS1, SNHG16, JPX, FTX, KCNQ1OT1, TP73-AS1, and GAS5. The identification of a molecular signature based on lncRNAs has the potential for have deep clinical significance, as it could potentially help better define the evolution from low-grade MDS to high-grade MDS to AML, changing the course of therapy. This would allow clinicians to provide a more personalized, patient-tailored therapeutic approach, moving from transfusion-based therapy, as is the case for low-grade MDS, to the introduction of azacytidine-based chemotherapy or allogeneic stem cell transplantation, which is the current treatment for high-grade MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina-Andreea Zimta
- MedFuture - Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ciprian Tomuleasa
- Department of Hematology, Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Clinical Cancer Center, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Iman Sahnoune
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- MedFuture - Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, Ion Chiricuta Clinical Cancer Center, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Wang SL, Huang Y, Su R, Yu YY. Silencing long non-coding RNA HOTAIR exerts anti-oncogenic effect on human acute myeloid leukemia via demethylation of HOXA5 by inhibiting Dnmt3b. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:114. [PMID: 31168296 PMCID: PMC6489230 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0808-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As an aggressive hematological malignancy, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a dismal disease with poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been widely reported to be involved in tumorigenesis of AML. Here, we define an important role of lncRNA HOTAIR in AML in relation to HOXA5 methylation. Methods Firstly, the expression of HOTAIR was examined in AML samples and cells collected. Next, gain- or loss-of function experiments were conducted in AML cells to explore the effect of HOTAIR on AML. Then, relationship among HOXA5 promoter methylation, HOTAIR and Dnmt3b was measured. Expression of HOXA5 and cell proliferation/apoptosis-related genes was also detected. A last, in vivo assay was performed to assess the tumor formation in nude mice in order to explore the roles of HOTAIR and HOXA5 in cell apoptosis and proliferation. Results LncRNA HOTAIR was found to be upregulated in AML cells and tissues. With silencing of HOTAIR and overexpression of HOXA5, AML cell proliferation was decreased while the apoptosis was induced. Furthermore, HOTAIR was observed to recruit Dnmt3b and to increase HOXA5 promoter methylation. Moreover, silencing HOTAIR and upregulating HOXA5 were found to induce apoptosis and reduce proliferation of AML cells in vivo. Conclusion Our findings highlight the anti-tumor ability of HOTAIR silencing in AML, suggesting that silencing HOTAIR was able to inhibit AML progression through HOXA5 promoter demethylation by decreasing Dnmt3b. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12935-019-0808-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Li Wang
- 1Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, No. 55, Zhenhai Road, Xiamen, 361003 Fujian People's Republic of China.,2Department of Clinical Medicines, Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou, 350108 Fujian People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Huang
- 1Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, No. 55, Zhenhai Road, Xiamen, 361003 Fujian People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Su
- 1Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, No. 55, Zhenhai Road, Xiamen, 361003 Fujian People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Yang Yu
- 3Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003 People's Republic of China
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Long Non-Coding RNA and Acute Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030735. [PMID: 30744139 PMCID: PMC6387068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute leukemia (AL) is the main type of cancer in children worldwide. Mortality by this disease is high in developing countries and its etiology remains unanswered. Evidences showing the role of the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathophysiology of hematological malignancies have increased drastically in the last decade. In addition to the contribution of these lncRNAs in leukemogenesis, recent studies have suggested that lncRNAs could be used as biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response in leukemia patients. The focus of this review is to describe the functional classification, biogenesis, and the role of lncRNAs in leukemogenesis, to summarize the evidence about the lncRNAs which are playing a role in AL, and how these genes could be useful as potential therapeutic targets.
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Sayad A, Hajifathali A, Hamidieh AA, Esfandi F, Taheri M. Fas-Antisense Long Noncoding RNA and Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Is There any Relation? Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:45-48. [PMID: 29373891 PMCID: PMC5844635 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.1.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, lncRNAs have been considered as potential predictive biomarkers for prognosis of different human cancers. One example is the FAS antisense RNA 1 (FAS-AS1) located in the 10q23.31 region which is transcribed from the opposite strand of the FAS gene. FAS has an important role in regulation of apoptotic pathways and there is an inverse correlation between FAS-AS1 expression level and production of the soluble form of Fas, so that it might have potential as a therapeutic target to improve chemotherapy effectiveness. In the present study we therefore evaluated FAS-AS1 expression in blood samples of de novo AML patients and healthy controls using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). Our results indicated that the expression level of FAS-AS1 lncRNA demonstrated no significant difference between AML patients and healthy individuals. We conclude from the obtained data that FAS-AS1 is not an informative and reliable biomarker for AML diagnosis, although our results need to be confirmed in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Gabra MM, Salmena L. microRNAs and Acute Myeloid Leukemia Chemoresistance: A Mechanistic Overview. Front Oncol 2017; 7:255. [PMID: 29164055 PMCID: PMC5674931 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Up until the early 2000s, a functional role for microRNAs (miRNAs) was yet to be elucidated. With the advent of increasingly high-throughput and precise RNA-sequencing techniques within the last two decades, it has become well established that miRNAs can regulate almost all cellular processes through their ability to post-transcriptionally regulate a majority of protein-coding genes and countless other non-coding genes. In cancer, miRNAs have been demonstrated to play critical roles by modifying or controlling all major hallmarks including cell division, self-renewal, invasion, and DNA damage among others. Before the introduction of anthracyclines and cytarabine in the 1960s, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was considered a fatal disease. In decades since, prognosis has improved substantially; however, long-term survival with AML remains poor. Resistance to chemotherapy, whether it is present at diagnosis or induced during treatment is a major therapeutic challenge in the treatment of this disease. Certain mechanisms such as DNA damage response and drug targeting, cell cycling, cell death, and drug trafficking pathways have been shown to be further dysregulated in treatment resistant cancers. miRNAs playing key roles in the emergence of these drug resistance phenotypes have recently emerged and replacement or inhibition of these miRNAs may be a viable treatment option. Herein, we describe the roles miRNAs can play in drug resistant AML and we describe miRNA-transcript interactions found within other cancer states which may be present within drug resistant AML. We describe the mechanisms of action of these miRNAs and how they can contribute to a poor overall survival and outcome as well. With the precision of miRNA mimic- or antagomir-based therapies, miRNAs provide an avenue for exquisite targeting in the therapy of drug resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martino Marco Gabra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Leonardo Salmena
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
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