Comparative Study of Serum Lipid Profiles in Nepalese Cancer Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital

Association of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and demographic risk factors with breast cancer in Bangladeshi women

In recent years, breast cancer incidences and related deaths have been rising among Bangladeshi women and will be a major threat by 2040. So, conducting more population-based studies is crucial. This case-control study was designed to quantitatively evaluate potential risk factors for breast cancer. In this population-based case-control study, 52 random breast cancer cases and 59 matched healthy controls, aged between 25 and 70 years, were included. The breast cancer patient samples were collected from the National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICRH), Dhaka, Bangladesh, from December 2021 to February 2022. The study was conducted fully following the Declaration of Helsinki guidelines. The collected socio-demographic data and blood samples of the study participants were analyzed. Chi-square analysis was used to compare study characteristics between cases and controls, Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived by univariate-logistic regression, and models were adjusted where necessary for study characteristics. Summary demographic characteristics of the 111 study participants suggested that higher age: (≥45): [OR 4.38, 95% CI (1.94-9.89), P value <.001], height: (<1.5 m): [OR 3.01, 95% CI (1.12-8.12), P value .029], low-incomes: [OR 6.83, 95% CI (2.11-22.05), P value .001], and illiteracy: [OR 12.65, 95% CI (3.49-45.79), P value .0001] showed significant correlations with breast cancer. The patient's body mass index (BMI) (≥30) indicated an association with breast cancer: [OR 3.91, 95% CI (1.00-15.31), P value .05]. The lipid profile: [triglycerides (TG): OR = 3.20, 95% CI (1.36-7.53), P value .008; TG/high-density lipid (HDL): OR = 8.82, 95% CI (2.81-27.68), P value <.001; and a lowered HDL: OR = 3.32, 95% CI (1.38-7.98), P value .007], hypertension: [systolic: OR 4.32, 95% CI (1.71-10.93), P value .002; and diastolic: OR 7.32, 95% CI (2.51-21.34), P value <.001], and gastric issues: [OR 6.07, 95% CI (2.00-18.37), P value .001], all showed significant association with breast cancer. The ER- breast cancer subtype was significantly associated with the overweight (OW) group (P value .046) whereas the PR-patients were significantly higher in the normal BMI group (P value .013). Results from this study might aid in the prevention, management, and raising of awareness against the specific risk factors among Bangladeshi women in near future.

Diagnostic significance of serum and salivary lipid levels in oral precancer and oral cancer

Introduction

Lipids are one of the major constituents of the cell. Variations in the serum lipids have been considered a cofactor of carcinogenesis, as lipids play a crucial role in cell integrity. Saliva is an ultrafiltrate of plasma and correlates with the serum, which may be used as an alternate method of serum lipid level estimation. The study was conducted to find any correlation between serum and salivary lipid levels and to evaluate the changes in serum and salivary lipid levels in oral precancer and cancer patients.

Aims and Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the changes in serum and salivary lipid levels in oral precancer and cancer patients and to correlate salivary lipid levels with serum lipid levels.

Materials and Methods

The study was an in vivo study conducted on randomly selected 129 patients with oral cancer and oral precancer. The selected subjects were divided into four groups as Group 1 - healthy control, Group 2 - oral submucous fibrosis, Group 3 - leukoplakia, and Group 4 - oral cancer. Serum and salivary lipid levels were estimated biochemically and statistically analyzed for any correlation with oral precancer and cancer.

Results

Lipid level estimation showed no statistically significant difference on comparison of intergroup serum and saliva total cholesterol level and high-density lipoproteins among all four groups, whereas intergroup comparison of serum and saliva triglycerides (TG) levels among the four groups showed a statistically significant difference in saliva TG level. The correlation of serum and salivary lipid levels showed a significant positive correlation.

Conclusion

In the present study association between serum/salivary lipid levels and oral precancer and oral cancer could not be established. A positive association was there in serum and salivary lipids hence salivary lipid levels may be used as a noninvasive technique for serum lipid level estimation.

Association of hyperlipidemia with breast cancer in Bangladeshi women

Background

The association of circulating lipids with breast cancer is being debated. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between abnormal plasma lipids and breast cancer risk in Bangladeshi women.

Methods

This was a case-control study designed using a population of 150 women (50 women in each group). The lipid levels of women with breast cancer were compared to the lipid levels of women with benign breast disease (control group 1) and healthy women (control group 2). Study samples were collected from the Department of Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, for a period of 1 year. Ethical measures were in compliance with the current Declaration of Helsinki. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 26.

Results

All of the comparison groups shared similar sociodemographic, anthropometric and obstetric characteristics. The incidence of dyslipidemia was significantly higher in breast cancer patients (96%) than in healthy women (84%) and patients with benign breast disease (82%) (P < 0.05 for both). The levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol among the breast cancer patient group were significantly higher than those among both benign breast disease patients and healthy women (P < 0.05), except for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Adjusting for other factors, body mass index (BMI) (kg/m²) (> 23) [OR 53.65; 95% CI: 5.70–504.73; P < 0.001] and total cholesterol (mg/dl) (≥ 200) [OR 16.05; 95% CI: 3.13–82.29; P < 0.001] were independently associated with breast cancer.

Conclusions

Total cholesterol and BMI are independent predictors of breast cancer risk among Bangladeshi women.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12944-021-01480-2.

The Association of Serum Lipid Levels with Breast Cancer Risks Among Women with Breast Cancer at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Background

Breast cancer is a malignant condition affecting about 2.1 million women worldwide. Cancer cells have increased the level of cholesterol and facilitate lipid biosynthesis and metabolism. Therefore, there is a need for assessment of serum lipid and its association with breast cancer risks.

Methods

A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among women with breast cancer (n=23), benign breast lump (n=68) and apparently healthy control (n=91) at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, from January to May, 2020. A convenient sampling technique and an interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect data. Five milliliter of fasting blood sample was collected for lipid level analysis using enzymatic colorimetric method. Data entry and analysis were done using Epi Info version 7 and SPSS version 20. One way ANOVA and logistic regression were the tools used for analysis, and a p-value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results

The mean age of healthy control, benign and malignant breast cancer was 32.51±9.44, 33.34±10.664 and 37.65±14.345 years, respectively. The mean serum value of TG among controls, benign and malignant women was 168.67±41.616, 170.1±59.018 and 211.7±82.924 (p<0.001), respectively. The mean serum concentration of HDL-c was significantly different between the three groups (47.61±9.122, 44.69±14.479 and 38.26±7.442: p=0.004) among controls, benign and malignant, respectively. Low serum HDL-c level was significantly associated with age at parity (AOR=3.353; 95% CI=1.33, 8.436), the habit of drinking alcohol (AOR=2.125; 95% CI=1.065, 4.241) and BMI (AOR=3.555; 95% CI=1.13, 11.184). In addition, BMI (AOR: 4.54; 95% CI: 1.45, 14.21) was statistically associated with high LDL-c level.

Conclusion

The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia was high in breast cancer patients. Age at first parity, alcohol consumption and BMI were significantly associated with low serum HDL-c level.