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Morovati S, Mohammadi A, Masoudi R, Heidari AA, Asad Sangabi M. The power of mumps virus: Matrix protein activates apoptotic pathways in human colorectal cell lines. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295819. [PMID: 38091318 PMCID: PMC10718445 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
New therapeutic approaches can significantly impact the control of colorectal cancer (CRC), which is increasing worldwide. In this study, we investigated the potential of targeting viral proteins to combat cancer cells. Specifically, we examined the anticancer potential of the matrix (M) protein of the mumps virus Hoshino strain in SW480 CRC cell lines. To begin, we individually transfected SW480 cells with pcDNA3 plasmids containing the mumps virus M gene. We then investigated the percentage of cell death, caspase activity, and the expression levels of genes involved in apoptosis pathways. Following this, we performed bioinformatics analysis on the M protein to identify any similarities with Bcl-2 family members and their viral homologs. Our diagnostic methods showed that treatment with the mumps M protein induced apoptosis and upregulated the expression and activity of pro-apoptotic proteins in SW480 CRC cells compared to the control and vector groups. Based on our bioinformatics studies, we proposed that the BH3 motif in the M protein may trigger apoptosis in CRC cells by interacting with cellular Bax. Overall, our study showed for the first time that the mumps virus M protein could be considered as a targeted treatment for CRC by inducing apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Morovati
- Department of Pathobiology, Division of Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Pathobiology, Division of Virology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ramin Masoudi
- Department of Pathobiology, Division of Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Heidari
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Aquatic Animal Health and Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Asad Sangabi
- Department of Pathobiology, Division of Virology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Zakaria S, Elsebaey S, Allam S, Abdo W, El-Sisi A. Siah2 inhibitor and the metabolic antagonist Oxamate retard colon cancer progression and downregulate PD1 expression. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2023; 19:PRA-EPUB-128869. [PMID: 36650629 DOI: 10.2174/1574892818666230116142606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solid tumors such as colon cancer are characterized by rapid and sustained cell proliferation, which ultimately results in hypoxia, induction of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and activation of glycolysis to promote tumor survival and immune evasion. We hypothesized that a combinatorial approach of menadione (MEN) as an indirect HIF-1α inhibitor and sodium oxamate (OX) as a glycolysis inhibitor may be a promising treatment strategy for colon cancer. OBJECTIVES We investigated the potential efficacy of this combination for promoting an antitumor immune response and suppressing tumor growth in a rat model of colon cancer. METHODS Colon cancer was induced by once-weekly subcutaneous injection of 20 mg/kg dimethylhydrazine (DMH) for 16 weeks. Control rats received the vehicle and then no further treatment (negative control) or MEN plus OX for 4 weeks (drug control). Dimethylhydrazine-treated rats were then randomly allocated to four groups: DMH alone group and other groups treated with MEN, OX, and a combination of (MEN and OX) for 4 weeks. Serum samples were assayed for the tumor marker carbohydrate antigen (CA19.9), while expression levels of HIF-1α, caspase-3, PHD3, LDH, and PD1 were evaluated in colon tissue samples by immunoassay and qRT-PCR. Additionally, Ki-67 and Siah2 expression levels were examined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The combination of MEN plus OX demonstrated a greater inhibitory effect on the expression levels of HIF-1α, Siah2, LDH, Ki-67, and PD1, and greater enhancement of caspase-3 and PHD3 expression in colon cancer tissues than either drug alone. CONCLUSION Simultaneous targeting of hypoxia and glycolysis pathways by a combination of MEN and OX could be a promising therapy for inhibiting colon cancer cell growth and promoting antitumor immunity [1].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherin Zakaria
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kaferelsheikh University, 33516, Kaferelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Samar Elsebaey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kaferelsheikh University, 33516, Kaferelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Shady Allam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, 32511, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Walied Abdo
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kaferelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Alaa El-Sisi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31512, Tanta, Egypt
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Ahmad W, Ansari MA, Alsayari A, Almaghaslah D, Wahab S, Alomary MN, Jamal QMS, Khan FA, Ali A, Alam P, Elderdery AY. In Vitro, Molecular Docking and In Silico ADME/Tox Studies of Emodin and Chrysophanol against Human Colorectal and Cervical Carcinoma. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1348. [PMID: 36355520 PMCID: PMC9697597 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthraquinones (AQs) are present in foods, dietary supplements, pharmaceuticals, and traditional treatments and have a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities. In the search for anti-cancer drugs, AQ derivatives are an important class. In this study, anthraquinone aglycons chrysophanol (Chr), emodin (EM) and FDA-approved anticancer drug fluorouracil were analyzed by molecular docking studies against receptor molecules caspase-3, apoptosis regulator Bcl-2, TRAF2 and NCK-interacting protein kinase (TNIK) and cyclin-dependent protein kinase 2 (CDK2) as novel candidates for future anticancer therapeutic development. The ADMET SAR database was used to predict the toxicity profile and pharmacokinetics of the Chr and EM. Furthermore, in silico results were validated by the in vitro anticancer activity against HCT-116 and HeLa cell lines to determine the anticancer effect. According to the docking studies simulated by the docking program AutoDock Vina 4.0, Chr and EM had good binding energies against the target proteins. It has been observed that Chr and EM show stronger molecular interaction than that of the FDA-approved anticancer drug fluorouracil. In the in vitro results, Chr and EM demonstrated promising anticancer activity in HCT-116 and HeLa cells. These findings lay the groundwork for the potential use of Chr and EM in the treatment of human colorectal and cervical carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam 34222, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrhman Alsayari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Complementary and Alternative Medicine Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia Almaghaslah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Complementary and Alternative Medicine Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad N. Alomary
- National Centre for Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qazi Mohammad Sajid Jamal
- Department of Health Informatics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukayriyah 52741, Saudi Arabia
| | - Firdos Alam Khan
- Department of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abuzer Ali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prawez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11941, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abozer Y. Elderdery
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
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Irfan M, Javed Z, Khan K, Khan N, Docea AO, Calina D, Sharifi-Rad J, Cho WC. Apoptosis evasion via long non-coding RNAs in colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:280. [PMID: 36076273 PMCID: PMC9461221 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02695-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) is a novel and diverse class of regulatory transcripts that are frequently dysregulated in numerous tumor types. LncRNAs are involved in a complicated molecular network, regulating gene expression, and modulating diverse cellular activities in different cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). Evidence indicates that lncRNAs can be used as a potential biomarker for the prognosis and diagnosis of CRC as they are aberrantly expressed in CRC cells. The high expression or silencing of lncRNAs is associated with cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, chemoresistance and apoptosis in CRC. LncRNAs exert both pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic functions in CRC. The expression of some oncogene lncRNAs is upregulated which leads to the inhibition of apoptotic pathways, similarly, the tumor suppressor lncRNAs are downregulated in CRC. In this review, we describe the function and mechanisms of lncRNAs to regulate the expression of genes that are involved directly or indirectly in controlling cellular apoptosis in CRC. Furthermore, we also discussed the different apoptotic pathways in normal cells and the mechanisms by which CRC evade apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Irfan
- Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Javed
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khushbukhat Khan
- Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Naila Khan
- Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349, Craiova, Romania
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349, Craiova, Romania.
| | | | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Ethanol Extract of Pomegranate ( Punica granatum) Peel in Increasing the Expression of Caspase-3 in DSS-Induced Mice. Int J Inflam 2021; 2021:4919410. [PMID: 34900217 PMCID: PMC8660243 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4919410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy derived from the glandular epithelial cells in the colon. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are more likely to develop CRC. Cancer proliferation is characterized by the loss of inhibition of apoptosis, which involves caspase-3 activation. This study examined the effects of the pomegranate peel extract on the expression of caspase-3 in mice crypt cells induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) 2%. Methods The experimental study was done in six groups. All treatments were done in 42 days. The groups were all induced by DSS through water drinking, except for the normal group, which was only given water. The treatments given included the pomegranate extract in two doses (240 mg and 480 mg/kg bw/day), aspirin, and ellagic acid. The specimens were then fixated and stained for the immunohistochemistry scoring for the expression of caspase-3, which was then analyzed statistically. Results The H-scores of each treatment group were 213.23 ± 8.32 (DSS group), 243.81 ± 18.69 (normal group), 226.10 ± 12.38 (pomegranate peel extract of 240 mg/kg/d), 238.84 ± 15.81 (pomegranate peel extract of 480 mg/kg/d), 227.47 ± 12.15 (aspirin), and 224.01 ± 18.39 (ellagic acid). Statistical differences were found in one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc analysis among the DSS group, normal group, and dose 2 group (pomegranate peel extract of 480 mg/kg/day). Conclusions The ethanol extract of pomegranate was able to induce apoptosis, which was demonstrated by the increase of caspase-3 expression.
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Clinically Relevant Genes and Proteins Modulated by Tocotrienols in Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines: Systematic Scoping Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114056. [PMID: 34836311 PMCID: PMC8625890 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The last decade has witnessed tremendous growth in tocotrienols (T3s) research, especially in the field of oncology, owing to potent anticancer property. Among the many types of cancers, colorectal cancer (CRC) is growing to become a serious global health threat to humans. Chemoprevention strategies in recent days are open to exploring alternative interventions to inhibit or delay carcinogenesis, especially with the use of bioactive natural compounds, such as tocotrienols. This scoping review aims to distil the large bodies of literature from various databases to identify the genes and their encoded modulations by tocotrienols and to explicate important mechanisms via which T3s combat CRC. For this scoping review, research papers published from 2010 to early 2021 related to T3s and human CRC cells were reviewed in compliance with the PRISMA guidelines. The study included research articles published in English, searchable on four literature databases (Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, and Embase) that reported differential expression of genes and proteins in human CRC cell lines following exposure to T3s. A total of 12 articles that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study were short-listed for data extraction and analysis. The results from the analysis of these 12 articles showed that T3s, especially its γ and δ analogues, modulated the expression of 16 genes and their encoded proteins that are associated with several important CRC pathways (apoptosis, transcriptional dysregulation in cancer, and cancer progression). Further studies and validation work are required to scrutinize the specific role of T3s on these genes and proteins and to propose the use of T3s to develop adjuvant or multi-targeted therapy for CRC.
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Mielczarek-Palacz A, Jasińska S, Strzelec A. Evaluation of the Potential Diagnostic Utility of the Determination of Selected Caspases-Markers Involved in the Regulation of Apoptosis-In Patients with Ovarian Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:704. [PMID: 33919909 PMCID: PMC8070894 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11040704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer remains a major diagnostic and therapeutic problem in modern gynecological oncology. For this reason, research which focuses on the search for new diagnostic markers and the assessment of their possible usefulness in clinical practice is still being conducted. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum levels of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 in women with ovarian cancer. Patients with ovarian serous cystadenoma (Cystadenoma serosum) and papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma (Cystadenocarcinoma papillare serosum IIIC) were included in the study, as well as healthy women who constituted the control group. The results of the study revealed a statistically significantly decreased mean serum levels of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 in women with ovarian cancer as compared to the control group (p ˂ 0.001), which indicates the involvement of the studied parameters in immune system disturbances occurring in the process of apoptosis by the extrinsic and intrinsic pathway and may be one of the mechanisms of immunosuppression accompanying these tumors. Determination of serum levels of examined caspases and CA 125 antigen in women with ovarian cancer in combination with other markers may prove useful in the future in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer, but this requires further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz
- Department of Immunology and Serology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (S.J.); (A.S.)
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Chan HC, Chattopadhyay A, Chuang EY, Lu TP. Development of a Gene-Based Prediction Model for Recurrence of Colorectal Cancer Using an Ensemble Learning Algorithm. Front Oncol 2021; 11:631056. [PMID: 33692961 PMCID: PMC7938710 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.631056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
It is difficult to determine which patients with stage I and II colorectal cancer are at high risk of recurrence, qualifying them to undergo adjuvant chemotherapy. In this study, we aimed to determine a gene signature using gene expression data that could successfully identify high risk of recurrence among stage I and II colorectal cancer patients. First, a synthetic minority oversampling technique was used to address the problem of imbalanced data due to rare recurrence events. We then applied a sequential workflow of three methods (significance analysis of microarrays, logistic regression, and recursive feature elimination) to identify genes differentially expressed between patients with and without recurrence. To stabilize the prediction algorithm, we repeated the above processes on 10 subsets by bagging the training data set and then used support vector machine methods to construct the prediction models. The final predictions were determined by majority voting. The 10 models, using 51 differentially expressed genes, successfully predicted a high risk of recurrence within 3 years in the training data set, with a sensitivity of 91.18%. For the validation data sets, the sensitivity of the prediction with samples from two other countries was 80.00% and 91.67%. These prediction models can potentially function as a tool to decide if adjuvant chemotherapy should be administered after surgery for patients with stage I and II colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Ching Chan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Amrita Chattopadhyay
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Center of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eric Y Chuang
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Center of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Pin Lu
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Center of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ghaffari M, Asadi M, Shanehbandi D, Bornehdeli S, Sadeghzadeh M, Mohammad Reza Khani H, Ghasembaglou S. Aberrant Expression of miR-103, miR-184, miR-378, miR-497 and miR-506 in Tumor Tissue from Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Regulates the Clinical Picture of the Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:1311-1315. [PMID: 32458638 PMCID: PMC7541872 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.5.1311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the expression patterns of miR-103, miR-184, miR-378, miR497 and in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue and to be compared with normal peripheral tissues. METHODS Tumor and marginal tissues were obtained from 50 patients with OSCC. After RNA extraction, expression level of miR-103, miR-184, miR-378, miR497, and miR506 was estimated using SYBR green master mix and real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS It was observed that, there was no detectable difference in expression level of miR-103 between tumoral and marginal tissues. However, expression level of miR-184, and miR-378 showed significant increase in tumor tissue samples compared to marginal tissue samples. MiR-497 and miR-506 demonstrated considerable decrease in tumoral cells in comparison with peripheral tissues. Moreover, the expression level of miRNAs was associated with clinicopathological features of the patients. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated that miR-184, miR-378, miR-497, and miR-506 can be used as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in OSCC. Nevertheless, more studies are needed to confirm this claim. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghaffari
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Milad Asadi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Soghra Bornehdeli
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mahsa Sadeghzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Shahram Ghasembaglou
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Medical Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
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Abbaszadegan MR, Moghbeli M. Genetic and molecular origins of colorectal Cancer among the Iranians: an update. Diagn Pathol 2018; 13:97. [PMID: 30579343 PMCID: PMC6303916 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-018-0774-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one the leading causes of cancer related deaths among Iranians. Despite the various progresses in new therapeutic methods, it has still a low rate of survival. This high ratio of mortality is mainly related to the late diagnosis, in which the patients refer for treatment in advanced stages of tumor. MAIN BODY: colorectal cancer progression is largely associated with molecular and genetic bases. Although Iran has a high ratio of CRC mortality, there is not an efficient genetic panel for detection and prognosis. Therefore, it is critical to introduce new diagnostic markers with ability to detect in early stages. CONCLUSION Present review summarizes all of the genetic and epigenetic factors which are reported in CRC until now among the Iranian patients to pave the way of incorporation of new ethnic specific markers into the clinical practice and development of new targeted therapeutic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Ostadrahimi S, Abedi Valugerdi M, Hassan M, Haddad G, Fayaz S, Parvizhamidi M, Mahdian R, Fard Esfahani P. miR-1266-5p and miR-185-5p Promote Cell Apoptosis in Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:2305-2311. [PMID: 30141307 PMCID: PMC6171381 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.8.2305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Small non-coding RNA molecules are dysregulated in prostate cancer (PCa). In our previous study, downregulation of miR-1266 and miR-185 was demonstrated in PCa tissues and cell lines. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether miR-1266 and miR-185 are involved in the regulation of B-cell lymphoma (BCL) 2 and BCL2L1, respectively, and whether transfection of PCa cell lines with miR-1266 and miR-185 mimics can alter tumorigenic phenotypes. Methods: In order to investigate the regulation of BCL2 and BCL2L1 mRNA levels by miR-1266 and miR-185, respectively, a luciferase reporter assay was used. Real-time PCR was also used to analyze changes in the levels of BCL2 and BCL2L1 mRNAs in PCa cell lines following transfection with synthetic miR-1266 and miR-185. Cell apoptosis was determined by Annexin V protein expression analysis via flow cytometry. In addition to the MTT assay, a cell proliferation assay was performed. Result: A luciferase assay confirmed that the BCL2 and BCL2L1 genes may be targeted by miR-1266 and miR-185, respectively, through binding to their 3′UTR regions. Transfection of PC3 and DU145 cells with miR-1266 and miR-185 induced apoptosis and reduced proliferation, which also revealed an inverse correlation with BCL2 and BCL2L1 gene expression in the treated cells. Conclusion: Our data suggests that miR-1266 and miR-185 may be novel candidates for further research in PCa treatment through the anti-apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Ostadrahimi
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Experimental Cancer Medicine, Karolinska Institutet Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden. ,
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