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Saberi E, Bijari S, Dinarvand R. Scanning electron microscopic evaluation of the effect of different root-end resection methods in the crack formation in root canals filled with mineral trioxide aggregate or calcium-enriched mixture cement. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2022; 19:110. [PMID: 36605135 PMCID: PMC9807937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is some concern that root resection may alter the surface features and crack formation of the previously set orthograde material. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the crack formation in orthograde mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) plugs after root resection. Materials and Methods This in vitro study was conducted on 170 extracted human maxillary anterior teeth. The teeth were randomly divided three experimental (n = 50) and control (n = 20) groups. In Group 1, after root canal treatment, half of the roots were cut with a bur, and the other half with an ultrasonic cutter. In Groups 2 and 3, after the 4-mm CEM and MTA plugs were placed and set, the root ends of half of the samples were cut with a bur and the other half by an ultrasonic cutter. The prevalence of cracks in the dentin and orthograde apical plugs of MTA and CEM was then assessed by scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed using the McNemar's, Chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests at P ≤ 0.05 level of significance. Results In general, the prevalence of crack in dentin in Groups 2 and 3 was significantly higher than in the plug (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of dentin crack in the studied groups (P > 0.05). The prevalence of crack in dentin was lower when the bur was used to cut off the end of the root, although the difference was not significant. The prevalence of crack in the plug was similar in CEM and MTA. Conclusion Based on the results of this study, the prevalence of crack in dentin is always significantly higher than its prevalence in the plug, and the prevalence of crack in the plug was similar in CEM and MTA; then, when there is an orthograde access to the root canal and surgery is likely in future, MTA and CEM can be placed in an orthograde technique and it just resects the root during surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eshaghali Saberi
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Shima Bijari
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran,Address for correspondence: Dr. Shima Bijari, Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran. E-mail:
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Salem Milani A, Ganjpour S, Dehghani F, Rahimi S, Sabanik P. Comparison of the fracture resistance of the teeth prepared with ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Next, and ProTaper Gold rotary files. Clin Exp Dent Res 2022; 8:1421-1425. [PMID: 36053566 PMCID: PMC9760132 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Root canal preparation can lead to cracks on the roots by creating stresses on the root canal walls, which decreases the fracture resistance of the tooth. The present study compared the fracture resistance of the teeth prepared by the ProTaper Universal (PTU), ProTaper Next (PTN), and ProTaper Gold (PTG) rotary file systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-six single-canal premolar teeth were sectioned 14 mm from the root apex. The roots were standardized based on the buccolingual and mesiodistal diameter and randomly assigned to three experimental (n = 14) and one control group (n = 14). The teeth in three experimental groups were instrumented with PTU, PTN, and PTG rotary files. The roots in the control group were not instrumented. A vertical force was applied to each root in a universal testing machine until the root fractured. The data were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the fracture resistance of the teeth between the control, PTU, PTN, and PTG groups (p = .115). CONCLUSIONS Root canal preparation with ProTaper files manufactured with conventional NiTi (PTU) and heat-treated alloys (PTN and PTG) did not affect the fracture resistance of teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Salem Milani
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of DentistryTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | | | - Fatemeh Dehghani
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of DentistryTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Saeed Rahimi
- Dental and Periodontal Research CentreTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Pouya Sabanik
- Dental and Periodontal Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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Zarean P, Özcan M, Zarean P, Haghani SO, Jahromi MZ, Al-Haj Husain N, Khabiri M. Micro-Computed Tomographic Assessment of Microcrack Formation before and after Instrumentation of Curved Root Canals with Neoniti Rotary Files. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093002. [PMID: 35591336 PMCID: PMC9105525 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the microcrack formation of moderately and severely curved root canals following instrumentation with Neoniti rotary files using micro-computed tomography. This in vitro study evaluated 18 extracted sound mandibular molars with two separate mesial canals and foramina in two groups (n = 9) with 5−20° (moderate) and 20−40° (severe) root canal curvature. The number of microcracks in the root canal walls was counted at baseline by micro-CT. Subsequently, the root canals were instrumented with 0.20/0.06 v Neoniti files as single files with a torque of 1.5 Ncm and a speed of 400 rpm. The number of microcracks was counted again postoperatively on micro-CT images using Amira software. Statistical analysis was performed using the Shapiro−Wilk test, Levene’s test and repeated-measures ANOVA (α = 0.05). The mean number of microcracks significantly increased postoperatively in both the moderately curved (11.59 ± 9.74 vs. 8.2 ± 7.4; p = 0.001) and the severely curved (13.23 ± 5.64 vs. 7.20 ± 5.94; p < 0.001) groups. However, the differences between the two groups were not significant (p = 0.668). Based on the results obtained, it can be stated that the instrumentation of moderately and severely curved root canals with Neoniti rotary files increases the number of microcracks. However, the higher degree of curvature does not necessarily translate to a higher number of microcracks after root canal instrumentation with this specific rotary system and methodological procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichehr Zarean
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (P.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.Ö.); (N.A.-H.H.)
| | - Paridokht Zarean
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (P.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Seyed Omid Haghani
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan 81551-39998, Iran; (S.O.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Maryam Zare Jahromi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan 81551-39998, Iran; (S.O.H.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Nadin Al-Haj Husain
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.Ö.); (N.A.-H.H.)
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Masoud Khabiri
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan 81551-39998, Iran; (S.O.H.); (M.K.)
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Zargar N, Naseri M, Gholizadeh Z, Mehrabinia P. Evaluation of Residual Debris and Smear layer After Root Canal Preparation by Three Different Methods: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2022; 17:138-145. [PMID: 36704081 PMCID: PMC9869003 DOI: 10.22037/iej.v17i3.36525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction This study investigated the amount of debris and smear layer remaining followed chemomechanical preparation using three systems: ProTaper Universal, reciprocating SafeSider, and hand K-Flexofiles with scanning electron microscope (SEM). Materials and Methods Sixty-five mandibular molars with mesiobuccal canal curvature (25 to 40°) were extracted and divided into one control group (n=5), and three experimental groups (n=20) according to the preparation method; K-Flexofile, ProTaper Universal and SafeSider instruments. All canals were irrigated with 3 ml of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution and 3 mL of 17% EDTA. Subsequently, the canals were irrigated with 5 ml of normal saline. Then the teeth were examined under the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn-Q Bonferroni, and Friedman tests were used for statistical analysis of results. Results To assess the accumulation of debris, statistically significant differences were observed only in the coronal area among ProTaper Universal, SafeSider, K-Flexofile, and the control group. (P=0.029). To evaluate the residual smear layer amount, statistically significant differences were observed only in the coronal and middle areas, following the preparation of the canals using ProTaper Universal, SafeSider, and hand K-Flexofiles and control groups (P=0.019). Conclusions Based on the present in vitro study, we can declare that the canals were utterly cleaned of debris and smear layer in none of the groups. Manual Flexofile and ProTaper Universal groups result in cleaner canal walls than reciprocal SafeSider, in the coronal and middle thirds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Zargar
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran;
| | - Mandana Naseri
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran;
| | | | - Pegah Mehrabinia
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran; ,Corresponding author: Pegah Mehrabinia, Postgraduate Student of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98-920 5106983, E-mail:
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Heberer MT, Roggendorf HC, Faber FJ, Lawrenz NA, Frankenberger R, Roggendorf MJ. Longitudinal craze line propagation in human root dentin after instrumentation with NiTi rotary files of different instrument tapers after long-term chewing simulation. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:2671-2679. [PMID: 34787719 PMCID: PMC8898247 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04238-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate whether file design and taper significantly influence microcrack initiation during machine preparation. Materials and methods Sixty extracted teeth with straight single canals were selected. The teeth were randomly assigned to four groups based on their root canal anatomy and the corresponding NiTi rotary file system (I, Mtwo; II, ProTaper Universal; III, F6 SkyTaper; control, no preparation and filling). The root canals of the experimental groups were filled using the single-cone technique. The tested teeth were all subjected to a mechanical chewing simulation with flat lead loading over a period of 3 years (corresponding to 150,000 cycles). The teeth were checked for dentinal defects (accumulative crack growth in length) under the digital microscope (Keyence VHX-5000) at time 0 (baseline prior to chewing simulation) and after 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months of loading. The cumulative crack increase was statistically analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test, Jonckheere–Terpstra test, and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. The significance was set at p < 0.05. Results In contrast to preparation with greater-tapered instruments, ProTaper Universal (group II) and F6 SkyTaper (group III) instrumentation with the smaller tapered Mtwo files (group I) showed less accumulative propagation of craze lines (p < 0.05) at all time points. Conclusion Instruments with greater taper for root canal instrumentation should be used with care to avoid negative long-term effects in the form of propagation of dentinal defects over time. A positive cutting-edge angle and a smaller taper have a positive effect on a lower craze line development. Clinical relevance Instruments with a positive cutting-edge angle and a smaller taper are beneficial for the long-term preservation of dentinal tooth structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Therese Heberer
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Pediatric Dentistry, Philipps University Marburg and University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Straße 3, 35039, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Hubert C Roggendorf
- Interdisciplinary Department of Oral Surgery an Implantology, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 32, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Franz-Josef Faber
- Pre-Clinical Department, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 32, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nicolai-Alexander Lawrenz
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Philipps University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Roland Frankenberger
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Pediatric Dentistry, Philipps University Marburg and University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Straße 3, 35039, Marburg, Germany
| | - Matthias J Roggendorf
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Pediatric Dentistry, Philipps University Marburg and University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Georg-Voigt-Straße 3, 35039, Marburg, Germany
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Chandwani N, Ranka A, Jadhav GR, Jagyasi D, Bopche P, Golchha A. Effect of various single file systems on microcrack formation in root canals: Scanning electron microscope study. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021; 18:52. [PMID: 34497687 PMCID: PMC8404562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare dentinal crack formation in root canal walls following 3 single file systems with continuous rotation under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this SEM study, seventy mandibular premolars were randomly divided into 5 groups. 3 experimental groups (n = 20) and 2 control groups (n = 5) as follows: Group I: Neolix NiTi file system, Group II: OneShape systems, Group III: OneCurve file system, positive control: conventional Hand File system, negative control: unprepared. After root canal preparations, the roots were sectioned at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex with water irrigation. The sections were inspected in all directions under SEM at × 100 magnification to determine the presence of cracks. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the data. There is a statistically significant difference in the crack formation between the apical third (P = 0.012) and coronal third (P = 0.002) when comparing all the 5 groups. No significant difference is found in the middle third (P = 0.46). P < 0.05 is considered statistically significant. RESULTS Maximum cracks in the apical third were seen with One Shape file 11 (55%) and in the coronal third with Neolix NiTi 14 (70%). There is a statistically significant difference in the crack formation only in OneCurve when comparing the apical, middle, and coronal third for the individual group (P = 0.042). CONCLUSION There was a significant difference in crack formation in apical and coronal third. OneCurve caused the least incidence of cracks when compared to other file systems. OneCurve file system can be a choice for canal preparation over Neolix Niti and OneShape.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aastha Ranka
- Department of Dentistry and Endodontics, Chhattisgarh Dental College and Research Institute, Rajnandgaon, India
| | - Ganesh R. Jadhav
- Department of Dentistry, AIIMS, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Ganesh R. Jadhav, Department of Dentistry, AIIMS, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. E-mail:
| | - Dolly Jagyasi
- Department of Dentistry and Endodontics, Chhattisgarh Dental College and Research Institute, Rajnandgaon, India
| | - Pooja Bopche
- Department of Dentistry and Endodontics, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India
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do Nascimento BMZ, Mazzi-Chaves JF, Sousa-Neto MD, Baratto-Filho F, Fagundes Tomazinho FS, Leonardi DP. Effect of Root Canal Preparation on Propagation of Dentinal Microcracks. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2021; 16:90-96. [PMID: 36704217 PMCID: PMC9709900 DOI: 10.22037/iej.v16i2.26744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction This study evaluated the propagation of dentinal microcracks and the root canal volume increase after being prepared with two endodontic instruments: ProTaper Next (PTN) and WaveOne Gold (WOG) by micro-computed tomography analysis. Methods and Materials We selected 48 maxillary molars randomly distributed in two groups: PTN and WOG. The samples were scanned before and after instrumentation, and then the image analysis was performed to detect the propagation of pre-existing dentinal micro-cracks and calculate the pre- and post-instrumentation volume. The statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test, Fisher's exact test, and ANCOVA (P<0.05). Results Dentinal microcracks were observed in 95.8% of the samples, both PTN and WOG instruments propagated microcracks after instrumentation, but there was no significant difference between the instruments (P=0.538). In relation to the root canal volume there was no statistic difference between PTN and WOG systems for the mesiobuccal (P=0.426) and distobuccal root canals (P=0.523). Conclusion We can conclude that both ProTaper Next and WOG systems propagate dentinal microcracks after root canal preparation in this in vitro study, without statistical significance. The root canal volume prepared also showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. This in vitro study requires further studies for more concrete conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Flares Baratto-Filho
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade da Região de Joinville, Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Flávia Sens Fagundes Tomazinho
- School of Health Sciences, Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; ,Corresponding author: Flávia Sens Fagundes Tomazinho, Rua Professor Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza, 5300 -Campo Comprido, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil, CEP: 81280-330
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Godiny M, Jalali SK, Khavid A, Fatahy A. Simulated Evaluation of Tooth Fracture Resistance during Instrumentation with Single-and Multi-file Rotary Systems. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2021; 16:232-237. [PMID: 36704781 PMCID: PMC9735312 DOI: 10.22037/iej.v16i4.33882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Use of rotary files in root canal preparation is inevitable due to their high speed and reduced duration of treatment. However, microcracks and even root fracture may sometimes occur in teeth where canal(s) is/are prepared using these devices. The purpose of the current study was to compare NeoNiti single-file with RaCe multi-file rotary systems. Materials and Methods An accurate scanner designed detailed three-dimensional file models, and a simulated model was developed using canal-specific features; including dentin thickness, root canal length, taper rate and root canal curvature. Cleaning and shaping conditions were simulated with appropriate speed and crack conditions for both types of files on the computer. Strain accumulation sites in the root dentin wall where microcracks was likely to occur were simulated and investigated. Abaqus and ANSYS software were used to perform finite element simulations. Results RaCe files with 0.04 taper caused the lowest level of stress (34.33 MPa) to the simulated canal. Conversely, the highest level of stress (62.35 MPa) was applied by 8% NeoNiti file to the simulated canal. Conclusions Based on the present experimental study, it can be concluded that RaCe multi-file rotary system may better be used in endodontic therapy, and the risk of microcracks in the tooth wall is less than that of NeoNiti single-file rotary system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Godiny
- Endodontics Department, Dental School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran;
| | - Seyed Kamal Jalali
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kermanshah University of Technology, Kermanshah, Iran;
| | - Atefeh Khavid
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran;,Corresponding author: Atefeh Khavid, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Fatahy
- Research Committee, Dental School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Katanec T, Miletić I, Baršić G, Kqiku-Biblekaj L, Žižak M, Jukić Krmek S. Incidence of Dentinal Microcracks during Root Canal Preparation with Self Adjusting File, Reciproc Blue and ProTaper Next. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2020; 15:6-11. [PMID: 36704321 PMCID: PMC9723216 DOI: 10.22037/iej.v15i1.26667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Forces formed during root canal instrumentation could cause the crack formation in dentinal walls. Their propagation may result in vertical root fracture and eventually tooth loss. The aim of the study was to explore microcrack formation after root canal preparation with Self-adjusting File (SAF), Reciproc Blue (RB), and ProTaper Next (PTN) instruments on young premolars by means of micro-computed tomography (micro CT). Methods and Materials Forty-five upper premolars with two canals, were extracted due to orthodontic reasons from patients aged 16 to 20 years and stored for up to two months. The teeth were scanned with a micro-CT (Nikon XT H 225, Tring, UK) at structural resolution of 20.2 µm and randomly divided into three groups: SAF, RB, and PTN. Specimens were instrumented and irrigation was performed with 12 mL of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 4 mL of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) per root canal. Subsequently, the specimens were scanned under the same conditions as before, in wet condition and 24 h after drying. The presence of microcracks in dentinal walls was evaluated using the image-processing software Volume Graphics VGStudio Max 3. Results No dentinal defect was found in any evaluated specimen, neither in pre-nor post-operative scans in wet and dry condition. Conclusion Under the circumstances of this in vitro study instruments with improved design and metallurgy do not cause dentinal microcracks in young premolar teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Katanec
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gundulićeva 5, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Miletić
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, University of Zagreb, Gundulićeva 5, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gorana Baršić
- Department of Quality, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Lucićeva 5, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lumnije Kqiku-Biblekaj
- Division of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Prosthodontics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 2, Graz, Austria
| | - Mirza Žižak
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, Croatia
| | - Silvana Jukić Krmek
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, University of Zagreb, Gundulićeva 5, Zagreb, Croatia,Corresponding author: Silvana Jukić Krmek, Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, University of Zagreb, Gundulićeva 5, Zagreb, Croatia. E-mail:
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Sachdeva N, Nikhil V, Jha P. Effect of ultrasonic root-end cavity preparation on dentinal microcrack formation: A micro-computed tomography study. J Conserv Dent 2019; 22:362-366. [PMID: 31802820 PMCID: PMC6873600 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_67_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Root-end preparation during surgical endodontics may produce dentinal microcrack formation and/or propagation, leading to vertical root fractures. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the microcrack formation and propagation during ultrasonic root-end cavity preparation, with diamond- and zirconium nitride-coated tips using micro-computed tomography (CT). Methodology: Twenty-eight extracted, mature, free-of-defect, mandibular premolars were decoronated and micro-CT scanned for the presence of preexisting microcracks. Samples were prepared till F4, were obturated, and were re-scanned to determine an increase in the number of microcracks. After 3 mm of root-end resection, the samples were randomly divided for ultrasonic root-end preparation into Group 1 (n = 12): preparation was done with ProUltra Surg tip, Group 2 (n = 12): preparation was done with KiS tip, and Group 3 (n = 4): no preparation was done. The samples were rescanned, and data collected were analyzed using ANOVA and Student's t-test. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results: Preexisting microcracks were observed in few samples. The mean percentage number increase of microcracks after root-end preparation in ProUltra Surg group was 1.25 and in KiS group, it was 0.5. The difference in mean percentage increase for the number of microcracks after root-end cavity preparation using ProUltra Surg tip and KiS tip was 0.75. However, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.34). Conclusion: Both diamond- and zirconium nitride-coated ultrasonic tips resulted in more number of dentinal crack formation and propagation when preexisting cracks were present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naina Sachdeva
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vineeta Nikhil
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Padmanabh Jha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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de Lima Aboud LR, Lopes RT, dos Santos BC, Pires dos Santos TM, Costa Viana LA, Zaccaro Scelza MF. The Influence of Dentin Age and the Presence of Cracks in Removal of the Root Filling Material. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2018; 13:331-336. [PMID: 30083202 PMCID: PMC6064028 DOI: 10.22037/iej.v13i3.20291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study evaluated the removal of the filling material during endodontic retreatment considering the presence of cracks and the dentin age. METHODS AND MATERIALS A total of 20 freshly extracted single-rooted teeth were categorized into the following two groups according to the age of the patients: Group Young (Y; aged 18-30 years) and Group Old (O; aged ≥60 years). Each tooth specimen was scanned by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) subsequently after endodontic retreatment with the Reciproc instruments (REC). The images were analyzed for differences in the volume of dentin cracks and the presence of the filling material in the middle and apical thirds of the teeth among the groups, according to the dentin age. RESULTS The micro-CT images showed that after retreatment, there were more cracks in the old root dentin than those in the young root dentin, although the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The greatest reduction in the filling material was achieved when the old root dentin with cracks was retreated when compared with that of the young root dentin with cracks, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). CONCLUSION The dentinal age and the presence of cracks were not found to be relevant factors for the removal of the filling material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo Tadeu Lopes
- Department of Nuclear Energy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Miriam F Zaccaro Scelza
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Brazil; ,Corresponding author: Miriam F Zaccaro Scelza, Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Brazil, Zipe cod 2402140. Tel: +55-21 999840270, E-mail:
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Singh V, Nikhil V, Bansal P. Induction of dentinal microcracks during postspace preparation: A comparative microcomputed tomography study. J Conserv Dent 2018; 21:646-650. [PMID: 30546212 PMCID: PMC6249946 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_227_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study evaluated and compared techniques of postspace preparation for induction of dentinal microcracks utilizing microcomputed tomography (CT). Materials and Methods A total of 45 extracted micro-CT scanned mandibular premolars were prepared and obturated. After the second micro-CT, samples were divided into three groups (n = 15). In Group 1, postspace preparation was done using hand K files up to the size of #110. In Group 2, postspace preparation was done using Peeso reamer up to the number of #3. In Group 3, postspace preparation was done using ParaPost XT Drills with the tip diameter of 1.1 mm. Thereafter, the third micro-CT scan was performed for microcracks evaluation, and statistical analysis was performed. Results Few unprepared samples showed the presence of microcracks (1.54%). There was statistically significant (P < 0.05) percentage increase in the number of microcracks after root canal preparation and obturation (5.44%) and after postspace preparation (8.35%). The percentage increase in microcracks observed for Group 1, 2, and 3 from obturation to postspace preparation was 0.19%, 4.21%, and 6.86%. There was a significant difference among the three techniques of postspace preparation (P < 0.05). Conclusion Microcracks may exist preoperatively. Postspace preparation increased the number of microcracks irrespective of the technique utilized. ParaPost XT Drills produces maximum microcracks in the root dentin followed by Peeso reamers and K files.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishakha Singh
- Department of conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vineeta Nikhil
- Department of conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Parul Bansal
- Department of conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Jain A, Nikhil V, Bansal P. Effect of root canal preparation, obturation, and retreatment on the induction of dentinal microcracks: A microcomputed tomography study. J Conserv Dent 2018; 21:521-525. [PMID: 30294114 PMCID: PMC6161531 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_184_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This study evaluated the effect of root canal preparation, obturation, and different techniques of retreatment on the percentage increase in the number of dentinal microcracks using microcomputed tomography (CT) analysis. Materials and Methods: Forty-five mandibular premolars after micro-CT scanning were prepared using Protaper universal files up to F4 and obturated. After the second micro-CT scanning again, the samples were randomly divided into three groups (n = 15) for retreatment procedure. In Group 1, retreatment was done with Protaper universal D1, D2, and D3 retreatment files followed by Protaper universal file till F4. In Group 2, retreatment was performed with R-Endo reciprocating motion, Re, R1, R2, R3, and Rs followed by Hero Shaper size #40. In Group 3, retreatment was performed with H-files and xylene till size #40. After gutta percha removal, the samples were again scanned for micro-CT for the evaluation of percentage increase in dentinal microcracks. Data were analyzed using “Kruskal–Wallis test ANOVA” and “student t-test” at 5% level of significance. Results: Few unprepared samples showed preexisting microcracks. There were statistically significant percentage increase dentinal cracks after root canal preparation and obturation as well as after retreatment procedure with statistically significant percentage increase in the number of dentinal microcracks between all three groups. Conclusion: Intraradicular procedures such as shaping and cleaning and obturation as well as the use of retreatment file lead to the induction and propagation of dentinal microcracks. In the present study, the maximum microcracks were produced with Protaper universal retreatment file system followed by R-Endo system. H-files produced minimum cracks during retreatment procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva Jain
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vineeta Nikhil
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Parul Bansal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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