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Lee JI, Park JH, Kim YR, Gwon K, Hwang HW, Jung G, Lee JY, Sun JY, Park JW, Shin JH, Ok MR. Delivery of nitric oxide-releasing silica nanoparticles for in vivo revascularization and functional recovery after acute peripheral nerve crush injury. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:2043-2049. [PMID: 35142695 PMCID: PMC8848604 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.335160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to promote revascularization and nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve injury. However, in vivo application of NO remains challenging due to the lack of stable carrier materials capable of storing large amounts of NO molecules and releasing them on a clinically meaningful time scale. Recently, a silica nanoparticle system capable of reversible NO storage and release at a controlled and sustained rate was introduced. In this study, NO-releasing silica nanoparticles (NO-SNs) were delivered to the peripheral nerves in rats after acute crush injury, mixed with natural hydrogel, to ensure the effective application of NO to the lesion. Microangiography using a polymer dye and immunohistochemical staining for the detection of CD34 (a marker for revascularization) results showed that NO-releasing silica nanoparticles increased revascularization at the crush site of the sciatic nerve. The sciatic functional index revealed that there was a significant improvement in sciatic nerve function in NO-treated animals. Histological and anatomical analyses showed that the number of myelinated axons in the crushed sciatic nerve and wet muscle weight excised from NO-treated rats were increased. Moreover, muscle function recovery was improved in rats treated with NO-SNs. Taken together, our results suggest that NO delivered to the injured sciatic nerve triggers enhanced revascularization at the lesion in the early phase after crushing injury, thereby promoting axonal regeneration and improving functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Il Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hun Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Rim Kim
- Medical Sensor Biomaterial Research Institute, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihak Gwon
- Medical Sensor Biomaterial Research Institute, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Won Hwang
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science & Technology; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gayoung Jung
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science & Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yup Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Catholic University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Yun Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Woong Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Shin
- Medical Sensor Biomaterial Research Institute; Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Ryul Ok
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science & Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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2
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Yeh TY, Liu PH. Inhibition of nitric oxide production enhances the activity of facial nerve tubulin polymerization and the ability of tau to promote microtubule assembly after neurorrhaphy. Neurochem Int 2021; 150:105183. [PMID: 34508785 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production promotes rat reconnected facial nerve regeneration. However, the underlying mechanism is obscure. Microtubule assembly is known to be essential to axon regeneration; nevertheless, tubulins and microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) have been demonstrated as targets for NO and peroxynitrite. Thus, we hypothesized that NO and/or peroxynitrite may affect facial nerve regeneration via influencing on microtubule assembly. First, tubulins and tau (a MAP) were extracted from facial nerves of normal rats, treated with NO donor or peroxynitrite, and processed for microtubule assembly assay. We found that peroxynitrite, DEA NONOate, and Angeli's salt reduced the tubulin polymerization activity to a greater extent than GSNO, SIN-1, and SNAP. Additionally, SIN-1, peroxynitrite, and Angeli's salt impaired the ability of tau to promote microtubule assembly. Next, nitrosative stress biomarkers 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) and S-nitrosylated cysteine (SNO-Cys) were immunolabeled in facial nerves. Both biomarkers were highly upregulated in proximal and distal stumps of reconnected facial nerves at 3 days and 1 week after neurorrhaphy. Notably, the expression of 3-NT was greatly reduced at 2 weeks, whereas that of SNO-Cys was maintained. Conversely, inhibition of NO production with L-NAME prevented the upregulation of SNO-Cys. Further, we used tubulins and tau extracted from facial nerves of sham-operated, nerve suture + vehicle treatment, and nerve suture + L-NAME treatment rats to perform microtubule assembly assay. We found that L-NAME treatment enhanced polymerization activity of tubulins and ability of tau to promote microtubule assembly. It is noteworthy that α-tubulin plays a more important role than β-tubulin since the activity of microtubule assembly using α-tubulin extracted from L-NAME-treated rats was greatly elevated, whereas that using β-tubulin extracted from L-NAME-treated rats was not. Overall, our findings support that inhibition of NO production reduces nitrosative stress, and may thus facilitate microtubule assembly and facial nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yin Yeh
- Department of Anatomy, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Section 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsin Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Section 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan; Master Program in Medical Physiology, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Section 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan.
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Kim M, Kim H, Kim D, Kim D, Huh Y, Park C, Chung HJ, Jung J, Jeong NY. Heme Oxygenase 1 in Schwann Cells Regulates Peripheral Nerve Degeneration Against Oxidative Stress. ASN Neuro 2020; 11:1759091419838949. [PMID: 31046408 PMCID: PMC6498775 DOI: 10.1177/1759091419838949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During Wallerian degeneration, Schwann cells lose their characteristic of myelinating axons and shift into the state of developmental promyelinating cells. This recharacterized Schwann cell guides newly regrowing axons to their destination and remyelinates reinnervated axons. This Schwann cell dynamics during Wallerian degeneration is associated with oxidative events. Heme oxygenases (HOs) are involved in the oxidative degradation of heme into biliverdin/bilirubin, ferrous iron, and carbon monoxide. Overproduction of ferrous iron by HOs increases reactive oxygen species, which have deleterious effects on living cells. Thus, the key molecule for understanding the exact mechanism of Wallerian degeneration in the peripheral nervous system is likely related to oxidative stress-mediated HOs in Schwann cells. In this study, we demonstrate that demyelinating Schwann cells during Wallerian degeneration highly express HO1, not HO2, and remyelinating Schwann cells during nerve regeneration decrease HO1 activation to levels similar to those in normal myelinating Schwann cells. In addition, HO1 activation during Wallerian degeneration regulates several critical phenotypes of recharacterized repair Schwann cells, such as demyelination, transdedifferentiation, and proliferation. Thus, these results suggest that oxidative stress in Schwann cells after peripheral nerve injury may be regulated by HO1 activation during Wallerian degeneration and oxidative-stress-related HO1 activation in Schwann cells may be helpful to study deeply molecular mechanism of Wallerian degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muwoong Kim
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyosun Kim
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Biomedical Science, Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Graduation School, Kyung Hee Univeristy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dogyeong Kim
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Biomedical Science, Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Graduation School, Kyung Hee Univeristy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dokyoung Kim
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Biomedical Science, Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Graduation School, Kyung Hee Univeristy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngbuhm Huh
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Biomedical Science, Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Graduation School, Kyung Hee Univeristy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan Park
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Biomedical Science, Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Graduation School, Kyung Hee Univeristy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Joo Chung
- 3 Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, Korea
| | - Junyang Jung
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Biomedical Science, Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Graduation School, Kyung Hee Univeristy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Na Young Jeong
- 4 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
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Small molecule inhibitors and stimulators of inducible nitric oxide synthase in cancer cells from natural origin (phytochemicals, marine compounds, antibiotics). Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 176:113792. [PMID: 31926145 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide synthases (NOS) are a family of isoforms, which generate nitric oxide (NO). NO is one of the smallest molecules in nature and acts mainly as a potent vasodilator. It participates in various biological processes ranging from physiological to pathological conditions. Inducible NOS (iNOS, NOS2) is a calcium-independent and inducible isoform. Despite high iNOS expression in many tumors, the role of iNOS is still unclear and complex with both enhancing and prohibiting actions in tumorigenesis. Nature presents a broad variety of natural stimulators and inhibitors, which may either promote or inhibit iNOS response. In the present review, we give an overview of iNOS-modulating agents with a special focus on both natural and synthetic molecules and their effects in related biological processes. The role of iNOS in physiological and pathological conditions is also discussed.
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Regulation of iNOS on Immune Cells and Its Role in Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123805. [PMID: 30501075 PMCID: PMC6320759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there have been many studies on the function of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in experimental animals and humans. This review analyzes and explores the relationship between inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cell et al. differentiation using data based on laboratory research, highlighting recent NOS laboratory research. Our insights into research prospects and directions are also presented.
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