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Dumitru CC, Vrapciu AD, Rusu MC. The Diversity of the Linguofacial Trunk. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:291. [PMID: 38399578 PMCID: PMC10890473 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60020291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Typically, the external carotid artery (ECA) sends off separate anterior branches: the superior thyroid, lingual, and facial arteries. These could, however, form common trunks: thyrolinguofacial, linguofacial (LFT), or thyrolingual. Although known, the LFT variant was poorly detailed previously, and most authors just counted the variant. We aimed to demonstrate the individual anatomical possibilities of the LFT on a case-by-case basis. Materials and Methods: 150 archived angioCT files were used. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 147 files of 86 males and 61 females were kept for this study. Results: In 34/147 cases, LFTs were found (23.12%). Bilateral LFTs were found in 13/34 cases (38.24%) and unilateral LFTs in 21/34 (61.76%) cases. Forty-seven LFTs were thus identified and further studied for different variables. Regarding the vertical topography of LFT origin, type 1a (suprahyoid and infragonial) was found in 28 LFTs (59.57%), type 1b (suprahyoid and gonial) was found in eight LFTs (17.02%), type 3 (suprahyoid and supragonial) was found in two LFTs (4.25%), type 2 (hyoid level of origin) in eight LFTs (17.02%), and type 3 (infrahyoid origin) in just one LFT (2.12%). Types of the initial course of the LFT were determined: type I, ascending, was found in 22/47 LFTs; type II, descending, in 12/47 LFTs; and type III, transverse, in 13/47 LFTs. Regarding the orientation of the first loop of the LFT, 23/47 LFTs had no loop, 4/47 had anterior loops, 1/47 had a posterior loop, 5/47 had superior loops, 5/47 had inferior loops, and 9/47 had medial loops. The position of the LFT relative to the ECA was classified as medial, anterior, or antero-medial. An amount of 12/47 LFTs were anterior to the ECA, 22/47 were antero-medial, 10/47 were medial, 2/47 were inferior, and 1/47 was lateral. Regarding their general morphology, 23/47 LFTs had a rectilinear course, 22/47 had loops, and 2/47 were coiled. A case-by-case presentation of results further demonstrated the diversity of the LFT. Conclusions: In conclusion, the morphology and topography of the LFT are individually specific and unpredictable. It can be anticipated case-by-case by surgeons on CT or MR angiograms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cătălin Constantin Dumitru
- Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.D.); (M.C.R.)
| | - Alexandra Diana Vrapciu
- Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.D.); (M.C.R.)
- University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mugurel Constantin Rusu
- Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.D.); (M.C.R.)
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Kobayashi S, Osanai T, Sugiyama T, Fujima N, Takagi R, Yokota I, Hamaguchi A, Nakamura T, Hida K, Fujimura M. Comparison of Access Route for Endovascular Treatment by Time-Spatial Labeling Inversion Pulse (Time-SLIP) MRA and Contrast-Enhanced MRA. JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOVASCULAR THERAPY 2023; 17:120-124. [PMID: 37547260 PMCID: PMC10400895 DOI: 10.5797/jnet.oa.2023-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective In endovascular treatment, it is important to evaluate the access route for placing a catheter into the common carotid artery (CCA) promptly and safely prior to the procedure. We examined whether non-contrast MRA using time-spatial labeling inversion pulse (Time-SLIP) can be used in patients prior to endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke. We compared Time-SLIP MRA to contrast-enhanced (CE) MRA and evaluated the efficacy in the evaluation of access routes. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 31 patients admitted between October 2018 and December 2018 for cerebral infarction at our hospital. Blood vessels were imaged from the aortic arch to the CCA. A radiologist blindly evaluated quality score, stenosis, shape of the aorta, and degree of tortuosity. Results There were no "non-diagnostic" images. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for stenosis were 83%, 96%, 83%, and 96%, respectively. The sensitivity for the aorta type classification was 100%. The sensitivity for mild tortuosity was 93%, for moderate was 100%, and for severe was 100%. Conclusion Time-SLIP MRA can be an alternative to CE MRA in access route assessment for patients with cerebral infarction who are not eligible for acute thrombectomy therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Azabu Neurosurgical Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Toshiya Osanai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Taku Sugiyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Fujima
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ryo Takagi
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Isao Yokota
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Hamaguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Azabu Neurosurgical Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nakamura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Azabu Neurosurgical Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Hida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Azabu Neurosurgical Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Miki Fujimura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Sarna K, Sonigra KJ, Amuti T, Kamau M, Ngeow WC, Mandela Idenya P. The Journey of the Lingual Artery from the Neck to the Oral Cavity: A Cadaveric Study. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 2022; 15:39-45. [PMID: 35265276 PMCID: PMC8899351 DOI: 10.1177/19433875211002058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Study Design Descriptive cross-sectional. Objective The origin of the lingual artery (LA) has been well studied due to its implication in neck dissection, but the course thereafter to the oral cavity is less described. This cadaveric study traced the journey of the LA from the external carotid artery to its terminal branches in the tongue. Methods Following bilateral neck dissections in 35 black Kenyan cadavers, the incidence of Beclard's, Lesser's and Pirogoff's triangles, the types of LA origin with its length, relationship to the hyoglossus muscle and anastomosis with other vessels were documented. Results Beclard's triangle was found in 64 dissections (91.42%), Lesser's in 46 dissections (65.71%) and Pirogoff's in 39 dissections (55.71%). The LA presented either as a solitary branch (67.15%) or as a branch of either the linguofacial (LFT-24.29%), thyrolingual (TLT-2.72%) or thyrolinguofacial (TLFT-2.86%) trunk. The solitary LA was the longest at 6.93 mm, followed by the TLT branch (6.58 mm), LFT branch (6.12 mm) and TLFT branch (5.65 mm). The majority of solitary LA and LA branches of LFT and TLFT passed through the hyoglossus, while all LA branches of the TLT coursed medial to the muscle. All variants of LA have been found to anastomose with the submental artery (SMA) at frequencies that ranged from 11.10% to 100%. Conclusions The LA was found in all cadavers and all Beclards' triangles. There is a significant incidence of LFT and TLFT variants in the Kenyan population. The LA passed either through or medial to the hyoglossus with no lateral relationship being observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishan Sarna
- Department of Human Anatomy, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya,Krishan Sarna, BSc, Department of Human Anatomy, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | | | - Thomas Amuti
- Department of Human Anatomy, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Martin Kamau
- Department of Human Anatomy, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Wei Cheong Ngeow
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Bettoni J, Pagé G, Salsac AV, Constans JM, Testelin S, Devauchelle B, Balédent O, Dakpé S. 3T non-injected phase-contrast MRI sequences for the mapping of the external carotid branches: In vivo radio-anatomical pilot study for feasibility analysis. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2018; 46:98-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Newberry MG, Ennis DB, Savage VM. Testing Foundations of Biological Scaling Theory Using Automated Measurements of Vascular Networks. PLoS Comput Biol 2015; 11:e1004455. [PMID: 26317654 PMCID: PMC4552567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Scientists have long sought to understand how vascular networks supply blood and oxygen to cells throughout the body. Recent work focuses on principles that constrain how vessel size changes through branching generations from the aorta to capillaries and uses scaling exponents to quantify these changes. Prominent scaling theories predict that combinations of these exponents explain how metabolic, growth, and other biological rates vary with body size. Nevertheless, direct measurements of individual vessel segments have been limited because existing techniques for measuring vasculature are invasive, time consuming, and technically difficult. We developed software that extracts the length, radius, and connectivity of in vivo vessels from contrast-enhanced 3D Magnetic Resonance Angiography. Using data from 20 human subjects, we calculated scaling exponents by four methods—two derived from local properties of branching junctions and two from whole-network properties. Although these methods are often used interchangeably in the literature, we do not find general agreement between these methods, particularly for vessel lengths. Measurements for length of vessels also diverge from theoretical values, but those for radius show stronger agreement. Our results demonstrate that vascular network models cannot ignore certain complexities of real vascular systems and indicate the need to discover new principles regarding vessel lengths. Vascular networks distribute resources and constrain metabolic rate. Founded on a few key principles, biological scaling theories predict characteristic patterns for vascular networks as they branch from large to small vessels. These theories also predict seemingly unrelated phenomena, such as size limits on mammals. However, vascular networks are difficult to measure because there are billions of vessels that range in size from meters to micrometers. To test the foundations of biological scaling theories, we developed software that quickly measures thousands of in vivo vessels based on MRI. Data for vessel radii match predicted patterns but lengths do not. Our work suggests the need for new theoretical principles and should facilitate comparisons across organisms, spatial scales, and healthy and diseased tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell G Newberry
- Department of Biomathematics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Daniel B Ennis
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Biomedical Physics, and Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Van M Savage
- Department of Biomathematics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Evaluation of high-pitch dual-source CT angiography for evaluation of coronary and carotid-cerebrovascular arteries. Eur J Radiol 2015; 84:398-406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kramer M, Schwab SA, Nkenke E, Eller A, Kammerer F, May M, Baigger JF, Uder M, Lell M. Whole body magnetic resonance angiography and computed tomography angiography in the vascular mapping of head and neck: an intraindividual comparison. Head Face Med 2014; 10:16. [PMID: 24884580 PMCID: PMC4028100 DOI: 10.1186/1746-160x-10-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of the study was to compare the detectability of neck vessels with contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in the setting of a whole-body MRA and multislice computed tomography angiography (CTA) for preoperative vascular mapping of head and neck. Methods In 20 patients MRA was performed prior to microvascular reconstruction of the mandible with osteomyocutaneous flaps. CTA of the neck served as the method of reference. 1.5 T contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiograms were acquired to visualize the vascular structures of the neck in the setting of a whole-body MRA examination. 64-slice spiral computed tomography was performed with a dual-phase protocol, using the arterial phase images for 3D CTA reconstruction. Maximum intensity projection was employed to visualize MRA and CTA data. To retrieve differences in the detectability of vessel branches between MRA and CTA, a McNemar test was performed. Results All angiograms were of diagnostic quality. There were no statistically significant differences between MRA and CTA for the detection of branches of the external carotid artery that are relevant host vessels for microsurgery (p = 0.118). CTA was superior to MRA if all the external carotid artery branches were included (p < 0.001). Conclusions MRA is a reliable alternative to CTA in vascular mapping of the cervical vasculature for planning of microvascular reconstruction of the mandible. In the setting of whole-body MRA it could serve as a radiation free one-stop-shop tool for preoperative assessment of the arterial system, potentially covering both, the donor and host site in one single examination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siegfried A Schwab
- Institute of Radiology, Maximiliansplatz 1, 91054 Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Maximiliansplatz 1, Erlangen 91054, Germany.
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Hou TN, Shao J, Wang G, Ren H, Cheng B. Analysis of the dynamic relationships between the lingual artery and lingual markers in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Surg Radiol Anat 2013; 35:553-7. [PMID: 23344630 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-013-1074-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the relationships between the lingual artery and the lingual markers in tongue resting and extended positions in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) for the clinical application of functional tongue surgery. METHOD Computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the lingual artery was performed on 30 OSAHS patients using a 16-slice spiral CT scanner. The anatomical relationships between the lingual artery and the lingual markers were analyzed with the tongue in resting and extended positions using the CTA images. RESULTS The course of the lingual artery resembled the configuration of the Big Dipper constellation when the tongue was in a resting position. When the tongue was in a full-extended position, the majority of the lingual artery moved forward and upward with the hyoid and formed a "√" fashion. The positions of the tip of the greater horn of the hyoid changed with the tongue positions. While the relationship between the main lingual artery and the tip of the greater horn of the hyoid, as well as the distances between bilateral lingual arteries, remained constant in both tongue positions. CONCLUSIONS In conditions of dynamic tongue movement, the tip of the great horn of the hyoid and the lingual midline are constant anatomical markers to indicate the course of the lingual artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tie-ning Hou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, 3 Qinchun East Road, Hangzhou, China
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Korn A, Fenchel M, Bender B, Danz S, Thomas C, Ketelsen D, Claussen CD, Moonis G, Krauss B, Heuschmid M, Ernemann U, Brodoefel H. High-pitch dual-source CT angiography of supra-aortic arteries: assessment of image quality and radiation dose. Neuroradiology 2012; 55:423-30. [PMID: 23223824 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-012-1120-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-pitch CT angiography (CTA) is a recent innovation that allows significant shortening of scan time with volume coverage of 43 mm per second. The aim of our study was to assess this technique in CTA of the head and neck. METHODS CTA of supra-aortic arteries was performed in 50 patients using two acquisition protocols: conventional single-source 64-slice (pitch 1.2) and high-pitch dual-source 128-slice CT (pitch 3.2). Subjective and objective image quality of supra-aortic vessel ostia as well as intra- and extra-cranial segments was retrospectively assessed by blinded readers and radiation dose compared between the two protocols. RESULTS Conventional and high-pitch CTA achieved comparable signal-to-noise ratios in arterial (54.3 ± 16.5 versus 57.3 ± 14.8; p = 0.50) and venous segments (15.8 ± 6.7 versus 18.9 ± 8.9; p = 0.21). High-pitch scanning was, however, associated with sharper delineation of vessel contours and image quality significantly improved at the level of supra-aortic vessel ostia (p < 0.0001) as well as along the brachiocephalic trunk (p < 0.0001), the subclavian arteries (p < 0.0001), proximal common carotid arteries (p = 0.01), and vertebral V1 segments (p < 0.0001). Using the high-pitch mode, the dose-length product was reduced by about 35% (218.2 ± 30 versus 141.8 ± 20 mGy × cm). CONCLUSIONS Due to elimination of transmitted cardiac motion, high-pitch CTA of the neck improves image quality in the proximity of the aortic arch while significantly lowering radiation dose. The technique thus qualifies as a promising alternative to conventional spiral CTA and may be particularly useful for identification of ostial stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Korn
- Department of Diagnostic und Interventional Neuroradiology, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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Choi N, Moon WJ, Kim HY, Roh HG, Choi JW. Thyroid incidentaloma detected by time-resolved magnetic resonance angiography at 3T: prevalence and clinical significance. Korean J Radiol 2012; 13:275-82. [PMID: 22563264 PMCID: PMC3337863 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2012.13.3.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of thyroid incidentalomas detected by time-resolved magnetic resonance angiography (TRMRA) and to evaluate their clinical significance by using an ultrasonographic (US) and cytologic correlation. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 2010 consecutive TRMRA examinations performed at our institution between August 2006 and April 2010. The TRMRA findings of thyroid incidentalomas were analyzed according to location, size, as well as vascularity, and were correlated with the US findings and cytologic results. Each nodule was classified as suspiciously malignant, indeterminate or probably benign according to the US criteria recommended by the Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology. RESULTS A total of 102 incidentalomas were detected in 90 of 2010 patients (5%). TRMRA showed homogenous hypervascularity in 48 (47%), inhomogeneous hypervascularity in 46 (45%), and hypovascularity in 8 (8%) thyroid nodules. At follow-up study, out of 26 patients with 30 incidentalomas on TRMRA, 27 nodules were identified on US. Of the 27 nodules, 24 (89%) nodule were classified as indeterminate, two (7%) as probably benign, and one (4%) as suspiciously malignant. Among the 16 nodules with available cytopathologic results, 14 (82%) were benign, one (6%) was indeterminate, and one (6%) was malignant. CONCLUSION Thyroid incidentalomas are found in 5% of TRMRA examinations. Although their presence does not necessarily indicate malignancy, nonspecific findings of detected incidentalomas on TRMRA require further evaluation by US.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami Choi
- Department of Radiology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 143-914, Korea
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Grieser C, Steffen IG, Gartenschläger S, Stiepani H, Perez Fernandez CM, Hamm B, Denecke T. Assessment of the cerebellar arteries with multidetector computed tomography angiography benefits from submillimeter slice thickness. Clin Imaging 2011; 35:247-52. [PMID: 21724115 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2010.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2010] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the accuracy of 64-row-multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) with different slice thickness (0.625 vs. 1.25 mm) in assessing the cerebellar arteries. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 21 consecutive patients who underwent computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the cervicocranial arteries (64-row MDCT; slice thickness, 0.625 mm) because of suspicion of cerebral ischemia were enrolled retrospectively. The MDCT data set was secondarily reconstructed to a slice thickness of 1.25 mm. The examinations were reviewed by three independent blinded observers. Recorded parameters for reconstructed slice thicknesses of 0.625 compared to 1.25 mm were visualization and edge enhancement (based on a developed phantom reference model) of the cerebellar arteries including anterior and posterior inferior cerebellar arteries and the superior cerebellar artery. RESULTS With 0.625-mm slices, significantly more vessel segments were visualized and edge enhancement was superior compared to 1.25-mm slices by the three readers, and a significant difference for the interaction between vessel segments and the slice thickness was found (P<.001). Furthermore, for a slice thickness of 1.25 mm, there was a significant difference in visualization (P=.0042) and edge enhancement (P=.0015) of vessel segments between the three readers, whereas for thinner slices (0.625 mm), no significant differences were found (P=.412, P=.465). CONCLUSIONS MDCT with slice thickness of 0.625 mm is superior to 1.25 mm reconstructed slice thickness regarding the visualization of cerebellar arteries, representative for smallest assessable arteries in CTA. This is paralleled by a sharper edge enhancement of the vessel contours resulting from a reduced partial volume effect. Conclusively, cranial CTA protocols should be routinely optimized to generate submillimeter slices for diagnostic purposes and digital storage as additional diagnostic value can be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Grieser
- Klinik für Strahlenheilkunde, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
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Hou TN, Zhou LN, Hu HJ. Computed tomographic angiography study of the relationship between the lingual artery and lingual markers in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. Clin Radiol 2011; 66:526-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2011.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2010] [Revised: 06/24/2010] [Accepted: 07/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Vogl TJ, Harth M, Siebenhandl P. Different imaging techniques in the head and neck: Assets and drawbacks. World J Radiol 2010; 2:224-9. [PMID: 21160634 PMCID: PMC2999322 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v2.i6.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2010] [Revised: 05/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/22/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, the gold standard imaging techniques for the head and neck and the latest upcoming techniques are presented, by comparing computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography-CT, as well as ultrasound, depending on the examined area. The advantages and disadvantages of each examination protocol are presented. This article illustrates the connection between the imaging technique and the examined area. Therefore, the head and neck area is divided into different sections such as bony structures, nervous system, mucous membranes and squamous epithelium, glandular tissue, and lymphatic tissue and vessels. Finally, the latest techniques in the field of head and neck imaging such as multidetector CT, dual-energy CT, flash CT, magnetic resonance angiography, spectroscopy, and diffusion tensor tractography using 3 tesla magnetic resonance are discussed.
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Tanaka H, Fukushima S, Yoshinobu T, Shimada T, Shizukuishi T, Ishibashi N, Furuhashi S, Takahashi M. Angiographic Investigation of Variations in the Branches of the External Carotid Artery: an Anatomic Guide for Intra-arterial Infusion Chemotherapy of Head and Neck Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.4264/numa.69.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Satogami N, Okada T, Koyama T, Gotoh K, Kamae T, Togashi K. Visualization of external carotid artery and its branches: Non-contrast-enhanced MR angiography using balanced steady-state free-precession sequence and a time-spatial labeling inversion pulse. J Magn Reson Imaging 2009; 30:678-83. [PMID: 19711418 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.21883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Naoe Satogami
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Mühlenbruch G, Das M, Mommertz G, Schaaf M, Langer S, Mahnken AH, Wildberger JE, Thron A, Günther RW, Krings T. Comparison of dual-source CT angiography and MR angiography in preoperative evaluation of intra- and extracranial vessels: a pilot study. Eur Radiol 2009; 20:469-76. [PMID: 19697041 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-009-1547-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2009] [Revised: 06/02/2009] [Accepted: 06/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Besides the assessment of carotid artery stenosis, evaluation of the vascular anatomy and lesions within both the extra- and intracranial arteries is crucial for proper clinical evaluation, treatment choice and planning. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the potential of dual-source CTA and 3T-MRA. In 16 symptomatic CAS patients, contrast-enhanced DSCT and 3T-MRA examinations were performed. For DSCT a dual-energy protocol with a 64 x 0.6-mm collimation was applied. In 3T-MRA intracranial high-resolution unenhanced TOF and extracranial contrast-enhanced MRA were performed. All examinations were analyzed for relevant morphologic and pathologic features or anomalies, and a total of 624 vessel segments were scored. All examinations were of diagnostic image quality with good to excellent vessel visibility. Almost all intracranial arteries were significantly better visualized by MRA compared to CTA (five of six vessels, p < 0.05). DSCT however allowed for further morphological carotid stenosis description, especially with respect to calcification. Although MRA proved to be superior in visualization of smaller intracranial arteries, all pre-interventionally relevant information could be perceived from DSCT. DSCT and MRA may both be regarded as a reliable, fast, pre-interventional imaging investigation in patients with carotid artery stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Mühlenbruch
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52057 Aachen, Germany.
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Menke J. Carotid MR angiography with traditional bolus timing: clinical observations and Fourier-based modelling of contrast kinetics. Eur Radiol 2009; 19:2654-62. [PMID: 19449013 PMCID: PMC2762047 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-009-1448-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2008] [Accepted: 04/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study analyses the relation between image quality and contrast kinetics in bolus-timed carotid magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and interprets the findings by Fourier-based numerical modelling. One hundred patients prone to carotid stenosis were studied using contrast-enhanced carotid MRA with bolus timing. The carotid MRAs were timed to start relatively early without accounting for the injection time of the contrast medium. For interpretation different starting times were modelled, utilising the spectral information of the test bolus series. In the test bolus series the arterial time-to-peak showed a large 95% confidence interval of 12-27 s, indicating the need for individual MRA timing. All bolus-timed MRAs were of good diagnostic quality. The mean (+/-SD) arterial contrast-to-noise ratio was 53.0 (+/-12.8) and thus high, and 95% of the MRAs showed a slight venous contamination of 11.8% or less (median 5.6%). According to the Fourier-based modelling the central k-space may be acquired about 2 s before the arterial contrast peak. This results in carotid MRAs with sufficiently high arterial enhancement and little venous contamination. In conclusion, in bolus-timed carotid MRA a relatively short timing provides good arterial contrast with little venous contamination, which can be explained by Fourier-based numerical modelling of the contrast kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Menke
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany.
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Abstract
Continued advances in radiofrequency hardware and tailored software have, in recent times, greatly increased the power and performance of magnetic resonance imaging for noninvasive evaluation of cardiovascular diseases. Magnetic resonance imaging can uniquely be manipulated to trade temporal resolution and spatial resolution against each other, depending on whether detailed structural or functional information is required. However, to date, a number of cardiovascular magnetic resonance applications have been somewhat limited due to signal-to-noise ratio constraints, reflecting the narrow imaging window imposed by physiological cardiac motion. By increasing the operating field strength from 1.5 to 3 T, it is possible (in principle) to double the signal-to-noise ratio, which in turn may be "traded" for improvements in spatial resolution, coverage, or imaging speed. In this context, the development of parallel imaging has set the stage for impressive performance improvements in contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography at 3 T. Indeed, one could argue that without parallel acquisition, the bang for the buck in going from 1.5 to 3 T would be limited. In this paper, we discuss the current status of 3-T magnetic resonance imaging for cardiovascular imaging, considering the relative gains and limitations relative to 1.5 T.
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