A beeline through Sir Peter James Kerley's life

[Increased pulmonary arterial and venous pressure]

BACKGROUND

Increases in pressure in the pulmonary arteries or pulmonary veins may be the result of a variety of underlying diseases. Noninvasive imaging plays a crucial role not only for identification, but also for differential diagnosis.

OBJECTIVES

This article provides a comparative review of the signs of increased pulmonary arterial and pulmonary venous pressure in chest X‑ray and computed tomography (CT).

RADIOLOGICAL PROCEDURES

Typical signs of a pulmonary arterial or pulmonary venous pressure increase in chest X‑ray and CT facilitate diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (e.g., enlargement of central pulmonary arteries) and interstitial or alveolar pulmonary edema (e.g., Kerley lines/thickened interlobular septae or butterfly edema). A basic understanding of imaging findings and underlying pathophysiology helps in establishing the differential diagnosis.

CONCLUSIONS

Chest X‑ray and CT are essential for diagnosis of patients with suspected increased pulmonary arterial or pulmonary venous pressure.

Eponyms in cardiothoracic radiology: part III--interstitium

Eponyms serve the purpose of honoring individuals who have made important observations and discoveries. As with other fields of medicine, eponyms are frequently encountered in radiology, particularly in chest radiology. However, inappropriate use of an eponym may lead to potentially dangerous miscommunication. Moreover, an eponym may honor the incorrect person or a person who falls into disrepute. Despite their limitations, eponyms are still widespread in the medical literature. Furthermore, in some circumstances, more than one individual may have contributed to the description or discovery of a particular anatomical structure or disease, whereas in others, an eponym may have been incorrectly applied initially and propagated for years in the medical literature. Nevertheless, radiologic eponyms are a means of honoring those who have made lasting contributions to the field of radiology, and familiarity with these eponyms is critical for proper reporting and accurate communication. In addition, the acquisition of some historical knowledge about those whose names are associated with various structures or pathologic conditions conveys a sense of humanity in the science of medicine. In this third installment of this series, the authors discuss a number of chest radiology eponyms as they relate to the pulmonary interstitium, including relevant clinical and imaging features, as well biographical information of the respective eponym's namesake.

Emergency radiology eponyms: part 1-Pott's puffy tumor to Kerley B lines

An eponym is a name based on the name of a person, frequently as a means to honor him/her, and it can be used to concisely communicate or summarize a complex abnormality or injury. However, inappropriate use of an eponym may lead to potentially dangerous miscommunication. Moreover, an eponym may honor the incorrect person or a person who falls into disrepute. Despite their limitations, eponyms are still widespread in medicine. Many commonly used eponyms applied to extremity fractures should be familiar to most emergency radiologists and have been previously reported. Yet, a number of non-extremity eponyms can be encountered in an emergency radiology practice as well. This other group of eponyms encompasses a spectrum of traumatic and non-traumatic pathology. In this first part of a two-part series, the authors discuss a number of non-extremity emergency radiology eponyms, including relevant clinical and imaging features, as well biographical information of the eponyms' namesakes.