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Hallinan JTPD, Huang BK. Shoulder Tumor/Tumor-Like Lesions: What to Look for. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2021; 28:301-316. [PMID: 32241665 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This article discusses the most common tumor and tumor-like lesions arising at the shoulder. Osseous tumors of the shoulder rank second in incidence to those at the knee joint and include benign osteochondromas and myeloma or primary malignant lesions, such as osteosarcoma or chondrosarcomas. Soft tissue tumors are overwhelmingly benign, with lipomas predominating, although malignant lesions, such as liposarcomas, can occur. Numerous tumor-like lesions may arise from the joints or bursae, due to either underlying arthropathy and synovitis (eg, rheumatoid arthritis and amyloid) or related to conditions, including tenosynovial giant cell tumor and synovial osteochondromatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Thomas Patrick Decourcy Hallinan
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Block MD11, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
| | - Brady K Huang
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, UCSD Teleradiology and Education Center, 408 Dickinson Street, Mail Code #8226, San Diego, CA 92103-8226, USA
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Smitaman E, Flores DV, Mejía Gómez C, Pathria MN. MR Imaging of Atraumatic Muscle Disorders. Radiographics 2018; 38:500-522. [PMID: 29451848 DOI: 10.1148/rg.2017170112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Atraumatic disorders of skeletal muscles include congenital variants; inherited myopathies; acquired inflammatory, infectious, or ischemic disorders; neoplastic diseases; and conditions leading to muscle atrophy. These have overlapping appearances at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and are challenging for the radiologist to differentiate. The authors organize muscle disorders into four MR imaging patterns: (a) abnormal anatomy with normal signal intensity, (b) edema/inflammation, (c) mass, and (d) atrophy, highlighting each of their key clinical and imaging findings. Anatomic muscle variants, while common, do not produce signal intensity alterations and therefore are easily overlooked. Muscle edema is the most common pattern but is nonspecific, with a broad differential diagnosis. Autoimmune, paraneoplastic, and drug-induced myositis tend to be symmetric, whereas infection, radiation-induced injury, and myonecrosis are focal asymmetric processes. Architectural distortion in the setting of muscle edema suggests one of these latter processes. Intramuscular masses include primary neoplasms, metastases, and several benign masslike lesions that simulate malignancy. Some lesions, such as lipomas, low-flow vascular malformations, fibromatoses, and subacute hematomas, are distinctive, but many intramuscular masses ultimately require a biopsy for definitive diagnosis. Atrophy is the irreversible end result of any muscle disease of sufficient severity and is the dominant finding in disorders such as the muscular dystrophies, denervation myopathy, and sarcopenia. This imaging-based classification, in correlation with clinical and laboratory data, will aid the radiologist in interpreting MR imaging findings in patients with atraumatic muscle disorders. ©RSNA, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Smitaman
- From the Department of Radiology, UCSD Medical Center, San Diego, Calif (E.S., M.N.P.); Department of Radiology, Philippine Orthopedic Center, Quezon City, Maria Clara Street, Santa Mesa Heights, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines 1100 (D.V.F.); and Department of Radiology, Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe, Medellín, Colombia (C.M.G.)
| | - Dyan V Flores
- From the Department of Radiology, UCSD Medical Center, San Diego, Calif (E.S., M.N.P.); Department of Radiology, Philippine Orthopedic Center, Quezon City, Maria Clara Street, Santa Mesa Heights, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines 1100 (D.V.F.); and Department of Radiology, Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe, Medellín, Colombia (C.M.G.)
| | - Catalina Mejía Gómez
- From the Department of Radiology, UCSD Medical Center, San Diego, Calif (E.S., M.N.P.); Department of Radiology, Philippine Orthopedic Center, Quezon City, Maria Clara Street, Santa Mesa Heights, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines 1100 (D.V.F.); and Department of Radiology, Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe, Medellín, Colombia (C.M.G.)
| | - Mini N Pathria
- From the Department of Radiology, UCSD Medical Center, San Diego, Calif (E.S., M.N.P.); Department of Radiology, Philippine Orthopedic Center, Quezon City, Maria Clara Street, Santa Mesa Heights, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines 1100 (D.V.F.); and Department of Radiology, Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe, Medellín, Colombia (C.M.G.)
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Gold JE, Hallman DM, Hellström F, Björklund M, Crenshaw AG, Mathiassen SE, Barbe MF, Ali S. Systematic review of quantitative imaging biomarkers for neck and shoulder musculoskeletal disorders. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2017; 18:395. [PMID: 28899384 PMCID: PMC5596923 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-017-1694-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study systematically summarizes quantitative imaging biomarker research in non-traumatic neck and shoulder musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). There were two research questions: 1) Are there quantitative imaging biomarkers associated with the presence of neck and shoulder MSDs?, 2) Are there quantitative imaging biomarkers associated with the severity of neck and shoulder MSDs? Methods PubMed and SCOPUS were used for the literature search. One hundred and twenty-five studies met primary inclusion criteria. Data were extracted from 49 sufficient quality studies. Results Most of the 125 studies were cross-sectional and utilized convenience samples of patients as both cases and controls. Only half controlled for potential confounders via exclusion or in the analysis. Approximately one-third reported response rates. In sufficient quality articles, 82% demonstrated at least one statistically significant association between the MSD(s) and biomarker(s) studied. The literature synthesis suggested that neck muscle size may be decreased in neck pain, and trapezius myalgia and neck/shoulder pain may be associated with reduced vascularity in the trapezius and reduced trapezius oxygen saturation at rest and in response to upper extremity tasks. Reduced vascularity in the supraspinatus tendon may also be a feature in rotator cuff tears. Five of eight studies showed an association between a quantitative imaging marker and MSD severity. Conclusions Although research on quantitative imaging biomarkers is still in a nascent stage, some MSD biomarkers were identified. There are limitations in the articles examined, including possible selection bias and inattention to potentially confounding factors. Recommendations for future studies are provided. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12891-017-1694-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith E Gold
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden. .,Gold Standard Research Consulting, 830 Montgomery Ave, Bryn Mawr, PA, USA.
| | - David M Hallman
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Hellström
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Martin Björklund
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden.,Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Albert G Crenshaw
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Svend Erik Mathiassen
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Mary F Barbe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University Medical School, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sayed Ali
- Department of Radiology, Temple University Medical School, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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The deltoid, a forgotten muscle of the shoulder. Skeletal Radiol 2013; 42:1361-75. [PMID: 23784480 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-013-1667-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The deltoid is a fascinating muscle with a significant role in shoulder function. It is comprised of three distinct portions (anterior or clavicular, middle or acromial, and posterior or spinal) and acts mainly as an abductor of the shoulder and stabilizer of the humeral head. Deltoid tears are not infrequently associated with large or massive rotator cuff tears and may further jeopardize shoulder function. A variety of other pathologies may affect the deltoid muscle including enthesitis, calcific tendinitis, myositis, infection, tumors, and chronic avulsion injury. Contracture of the deltoid following repeated intramuscular injections could present with progressive abduction deformity and winging of the scapula. The deltoid muscle and its innervating axillary nerve may be injured during shoulder surgery, which may have disastrous functional consequences. Axillary neuropathies leading to deltoid muscle dysfunction include traumatic injuries, quadrilateral space and Parsonage-Turner syndromes, and cause denervation of the deltoid muscle. Finally, abnormalities of the deltoid may originate from nearby pathologies of subdeltoid bursa, acromion, and distal clavicle.
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Orellana-james NG, Ginja MM, Regueiro M, Oliveira P, Gama A, Rodriguez-Altonaga JA, gonzalo-orden JM. Sub-acute and chronic MRI findings in bilateral canine fibrotic contracture of the infraspinatus muscle. J Small Anim Pract 2013; 54:428-31. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. G. Orellana-james
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery; University of León; 24071 León Spain
| | - M. M. Ginja
- Department of Veterinary Science CITAB/CECAV; University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro; 5001-801 Vila Real Portugal
| | - M. Regueiro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery; University of León; 24071 León Spain
| | - P. Oliveira
- Department of Veterinary Science CITAB/CECAV; University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro; 5001-801 Vila Real Portugal
| | - A. Gama
- Department of Veterinary Science CITAB/CECAV; University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro; 5001-801 Vila Real Portugal
| | | | - J. M. gonzalo-orden
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery; University of León; 24071 León Spain
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Yin TC, Chen JM, Huang CC, Wang CJ, Wang FS, Chou WY, Ko JY. Surgical results of concomitant treatment of deltoid contracture and rotator cuff tear. Injury 2011; 42:397-402. [PMID: 21176900 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2010.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2010] [Revised: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 11/01/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contracture of the deltoid muscle is an uncommon disorder. The symptoms usually are nonspecific and the diagnosis may be missed, especially when combined with other shoulder disorders, such as rotator cuff lesions. Few reports have described the surgical treatment of combined deltoid contracture and a torn rotator cuff. The purpose of this study was to share our experiences in the diagnosis and treatment of patients, who sustained deltoid contracture combined with rotator cuff tearing. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between April 2001 and December 2006, 18 consecutive patients underwent concomitant treatment for distal release of deltoid contracture and repair of a torn rotator cuff. The mean age at operation was 55.1 years. There were eight female and ten male patients. The acromial type, winging angle of the scapula and thickest diameter of the deltoid fibrotic band were measured using preoperative magnetic resonance imaging studies. The abduction-contracture angle, extension-contracture angle, horizontal-adduction angle and Constant and Murley scores were measured preoperatively and at the latest follow-up. RESULTS There were nine complete rotator cuff tears and nine partial tears. At an average of 5 years and 3 months' follow-up, the mean abduction-contracture angle significantly improved from 27° to 0° (p<0.001), the mean extension-contracture angle improved from 13° to 0° (p<0.001), and, the mean horizontal-adduction angle improved from 8° to 44° (p<0.001). The mean Constant score also improved from 69 points to 95 points (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS If a symptomatic torn rotator cuff and deltoid contracture co-exist, simultaneous operative treatment of both conditions is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Cheng Yin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Lian LY, Zhang LJ, Zhao Q. Deltoid contracture mimicking shoulder dislocation in a 7-year-old boy. DER ORTHOPADE 2010; 39:874-8. [PMID: 20574718 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-010-1632-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Contracture of the deltoid muscle, a relatively uncommon disorder in children, can be caused by repeated intramuscular injection, trauma, or congenital disease. The typical clinical manifestations of deltoid contracture (i.e., a palpable fibrous cord within the deltoid muscle, abduction contracture of the shoulder, winged scapula, and skin dimpling over the fibrous bands), however, may be atypical or even lacking, thus, leading to misdiagnosis. The procedure going from misdiagnosis to recognition of the correct diagnosis is reviewed in a 7-year-old boy with deltoid contracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Lian
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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Effect of sodium hyaluronate treatment on rotator cuff lesions without complete tears: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2010; 19:557-63. [PMID: 19963403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2009.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2009] [Revised: 08/24/2009] [Accepted: 08/24/2009] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of sodium hyaluronate (ARTZ Dispo) treatment was performed in 51 patients with rotator cuff lesions without complete tears. We hypothesized that ARTZ Dispo would render better results than the placebo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-five patients (ARTZ Dispo group) had injections of 25 mg/wk of sodium hyaluronate into the subacromial bursa for 5 consecutive weeks. Twenty-six patients (placebo group) were given 2.5 mL of normal saline solution with the same injection protocol as the ARTZ Dispo group. No significant difference in age, height, weight, gender, vocation, involved shoulder, duration of symptoms, baseline Constant score, or visual analog scale (VAS) score existed between the 2 groups. RESULTS The 2 groups did not significantly differ with regard to Constant scores, VAS scores, or global improvement assessments 1 week after injections. The ARTZ Dispo group had a better Constant score (P = .0095) and VAS score (P = .0018) than the placebo group 6 weeks after treatment. Patients in the placebo group were given 5 sodium hyaluronate injections, rather than placebo, after disclosure of the blind list, if they wished. Forty-one patients who underwent hyaluronate injection exhibited a significantly improved Constant score, from 64.0 +/- 11.7 at baseline to 88.9 +/- 10.4 (P < .0001), and a significantly improved VAS score, from 6.4 +/- 1.3 to 1.5 +/- 1.6 (P < .0001), at a mean follow-up of 33.1 months. No significant adverse effect was noted. CONCLUSIONS Subacromial injections of sodium hyaluronate are effective in treating rotator cuff lesions without complete tears.
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Abstract
Deltoid contracture is relatively uncommon. The literature consists primarily of case reports and few articles on large case series. The pathogenesis has been well studied. Muscle contractures can occur in the deltoid, biceps, triceps, gluteus and quadriceps muscles; however, cases of multiple muscle contractures are rare. We reported a patient with multiple contractures of the bilateral deltoid, bilateral gluteus, and bilateral quadriceps muscles, who had received repeated intramuscular injections during childhood and adulthood. The radiographic, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), features of the bone and joint abnormalities are presented. Some literatures reported that damage to the structures of the body due to intramuscular injection is related to the site of injection, age of the patient, and the volume, pH, chemical composition, and diffusional capacity of the injectate. Our patient had muscular contracture induced by needle injection regardless of her age, medication and injection site.
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Coracoid transfer in Bristow-Latarjet procedure: does it modify the biceps muscle? Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2008; 16:81-5. [PMID: 17989955 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-007-0436-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2007] [Accepted: 10/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the size and morphologic patterns of the biceps muscle after coracoid transfer performed during the Bristow-Latarjet procedure to treat anterior shoulder instability. We analyzed retrospectively 26 patients, who underwent a Bristow-Latarjet procedure, and 23 volunteers (control group) with no shoulder disease. A US machine (ATL 5000 HDI, probe 4.2 MHz) was used to determine the biceps section area (BA) and biceps echogenicity (BE). The dominant and non-dominant limbs in both groups were compared. The coracoid transfer performed in the Bristow-Latarjet procedure to treat recurrent anterior shoulder instability does not modify the size and morphology of the biceps muscle.
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