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Li Y, Lyu B, Wang R, Peng Y, Ran H, Zhou B, Liu Y, Bai G, Huai Q, Chen X, Zeng C, Wu Q, Zhang C, Gao S. Machine learning-based radiomics to distinguish pulmonary nodules between lung adenocarcinoma and tuberculosis. Thorac Cancer 2024; 15:466-476. [PMID: 38191149 PMCID: PMC10883857 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiomics is increasingly utilized to distinguish pulmonary nodules between lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and tuberculosis (TB). However, it remains unclear whether different segmentation criteria, such as the inclusion or exclusion of the cavity region within nodules, affect the results. METHODS A total of 525 patients from two medical centers were retrospectively enrolled. The radiomics features were extracted according to two regions of interest (ROI) segmentation criteria. Multiple logistic regression models were trained to predict the pathology: (1) The clinical model relied on clinical-radiological semantic features; (2) The radiomics models (radiomics+ and radiomics-) utilized radiomics features from different ROIs (including or excluding cavities); (3) the composite models (composite+ and composite-) incorporated both above. RESULTS In the testing set, the radiomics+/- models and the composite+/- models still possessed efficient prediction performance (AUC ≥ 0.94), while the AUC of the clinical model was 0.881. In the validation set, the AUC of the clinical model was only 0.717, while that of the radiomics+/- models and the composite+/- models ranged from 0.801 to 0.825. The prediction performance of all the radiomics+/- and composite+/- models were significantly superior to that of the clinical model (p < 0.05). Whether the ROI segmentation included or excluded the cavity had no significant effect on these models (radiomics+ vs. radiomics-, composite+ model vs. composite-) (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The present study established a machine learning-based radiomics strategy for differentiating LUAD from TB lesions. The ROI segmentation including or excluding the cavity region may exert no significant effect on the predictive ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Baihan Lyu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Echocardiography, Fuwai Hospital/ National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yue Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chao‐Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Haoyu Ran
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgerythe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Bolun Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Guangyu Bai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Qilin Huai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Chun Zeng
- Department of Radiologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Qingchen Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgerythe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgerythe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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Wang J, Zhang C, Xiang Y, Han B, Cheng Y, Tong Y, Yan D. Risk prediction of second primary malignancies after gynecological malignant neoplasms resection with and without radiation therapy: a population-based surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) analysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:12703-12711. [PMID: 37452852 PMCID: PMC10587290 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05046-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The association between post-resection radiotherapy for primary gynecological malignant neoplasms (GMNs) and the development of secondary primary malignancies (SPMs) remains a subject of debate. This study represents the first population-based analysis employing a multivariate competitive risk model to assess risk factors for this relationship and to develop a comprehensive competing-risk nomogram for quantitatively predicting SPM probabilities. MATERIALS AND METHODS In our study, data on patients with primary GMNs were retrospectively collected from the Epidemiology, Surveillance and End Results (SEER) database from 1973 to 2015. The incidence of secondary malignant tumors diagnosed at least six months after GMN diagnosis was compared to determine potential risk factors for SPMs in GMN patients using the Fine and Gray proportional sub-distribution hazard model. A competing-risk nomogram was constructed to quantify SPM probabilities. RESULTS A total of 109,537 patients with GMNs were included in the study, with 76,675 and 32,862 GMN patients in the training and verification sets, respectively. The competing-risk model analysis identified age, primary tumor location, tumor grade, disease stage, chemotherapy, and radiation as risk factors for SPMs in GMN patients. Calibration curves and ROC curves in both training and verification cohorts demonstrated the predictive accuracy of the established nomogram, which exhibited a good ability to predict SPM occurrence. CONCLUSIONS This study presents the nomogram developed for quantitatively predicting SPM probabilities in GMN patients for the first time. The constructed nomogram can assist clinicians in designing personalized treatment strategies and facilitate clinical decision-making processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Chan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Yaoxian Xiang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Baojuan Han
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Yurong Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Yingying Tong
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China.
| | - Dong Yan
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China.
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Computed Tomography Imaging Features of Lung Cancer under Artificial Intelligence Algorithm and Its Correlation with Pathology. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/9303688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the relationship between the detection performance of an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm and pathology in chest computed tomography (CT) images. In this study, a new pulmonary nodule (PN) detection algorithm was designed and developed on the three-dimensional (3D) connected domain algorithm. The appropriate grayscale threshold of CT images was selected, the CT images were converted into black-and-white images, and the useless images were removed. Then, the remaining lung images were formed into a 3D black-and-white pixel matrix. Labeling statistics was carried out, and the size, property, and location of PN could be measured and determined. A self-built database of PNs undergoing chest multislice spiral CT examination was retrospectively selected, and 150 cases were randomly selected by SPSS 22.0. Image processing was performed according to the algorithm and compared with the PN detected by radiologists; finally, the detection results were counted. There were 560 benign and malignant PNs, 312 malignant, and 248 benign. The algorithm detected 498 cases, of which 478 cases were detected accurately, and the sensitivity was 95.98%. The radiologist detected 424 cases, 364 cases were accurate, and the sensitivity was 85.85%. Compared with the detection results of radiologists, the algorithm detection results of nodules in solid nodules and ground glass nodules were more accurate. The detection results of nodules in the pleural connection type, peripheral type, central type, and hilar type were more accurate and statistically significant (
). The malignancy, size, property, and location of different nodules could be accurately determined through CT images under this algorithm. It provided important support for the pathological research of lung cancer and prejudged the future development of PN in patients more accurately.
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Chao HS, Tsai CY, Chou CW, Shiao TH, Huang HC, Chen KC, Tsai HH, Lin CY, Chen YM. Artificial Intelligence Assisted Computational Tomographic Detection of Lung Nodules for Prognostic Cancer Examination: A Large-Scale Clinical Trial. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010147. [PMID: 36672655 PMCID: PMC9856020 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has emerged as a standard method for detecting early-stage lung cancer. However, the tedious computer tomography (CT) slide reading, patient-by-patient check, and lack of standard criteria to determine the vague but possible nodule leads to variable outcomes of CT slide interpretation. To determine the artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted CT examination, AI algorithm-assisted CT screening was embedded in the hospital picture archiving and communication system, and a 200 person-scaled clinical trial was conducted at two medical centers. With AI algorithm-assisted CT screening, the sensitivity of detecting nodules sized 4−5 mm, 6~10 mm, 11~20 mm, and >20 mm increased by 41%, 11.2%, 10.3%, and 18.7%, respectively. Remarkably, the overall sensitivity of detecting varied nodules increased by 20.7% from 67.7% to 88.4%. Furthermore, the sensitivity increased by 18.5% from 72.5% to 91% for detecting ground glass nodules (GGN), which is challenging for radiologists and physicians. The free-response operating characteristic (FROC) AI score was ≥0.4, and the AI algorithm standalone CT screening sensitivity reached >95% with an area under the localization receiver operating characteristic curve (LROC-AUC) of >0.88. Our study demonstrates that AI algorithm-embedded CT screening significantly ameliorates tedious LDCT practices for doctors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Sheng Chao
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Yun Tsai
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Wei Chou
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Hui Shiao
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Chih Huang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Chieh Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Nantou 545301, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Hung Tsai
- Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yu Lin
- Institute of New Drug Development, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Tsuzuki Institute for Traditional Medicine, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department for Biomedical Engineering, Collage of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Min Chen
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-28712121 (ext. 7865)
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Wu L, Gao C, Kong N, Lou X, Xu M. The long-term course of subsolid nodules and predictors of interval growth on chest CT: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:2075-2088. [PMID: 36136107 PMCID: PMC9935651 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-09138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To calculate the pooled incidence of interval growth after long-term follow-up and identify predictors of interval growth in subsolid nodules (SSNs) on chest CT. METHODS A search of MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Library, Web of Science Core Collection, and Embase was performed on November 08, 2021, for relevant studies. Patient information, CT scanner, and SSN follow-up information were extracted from each included study. A random-effects model was applied along with subgroup and meta-regression analyses. Study quality was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa scale, and publication bias was assessed by Egger's test. RESULTS Of the 6802 retrieved articles, 16 articles were included and analyzed, providing a total of 2898 available SSNs. The pooled incidence of growth in the 2898 SSNs was 22% (95% confidence interval [CI], 15-29%). The pooled incidence of growth in the subgroup analysis of pure ground-glass nodules was 26% (95% CI: 12-39%). The incidence of SSN growth after 2 or more years of stability was only 5% (95% CI: 3-7%). An initially large SSN size was found to be the most frequent risk factor affecting the incidence of SSN growth and the time of growth. CONCLUSIONS The pooled incidence of SSN growth was as high as 22%, with a 26% incidence reported for pure ground-glass nodules. Although the incidence of growth was only 5% after 2 or more years of stability, long-term follow-up is needed in certain cases. Moreover, the initial size of the SSN was the most frequent risk factor for growth. KEY POINTS • Based on a meta-analysis of 2898 available subsolid nodules in the literature, the pooled incidence of growth was 22% for all subsolid nodules and 26% for pure ground-glass nodules. • After 2 or more years of stability on follow-up CT, the pooled incidence of subsolid nodule growth was only 5%. • Given the incidence of subsolid nodule growth, management of these lesions with long-term follow-up is preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Wu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Gao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Kong
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinjing Lou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Maosheng Xu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, China.
- The First School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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Gheysens G, De Wever W, Cockmartin L, Bosmans H, Coudyzer W, De Vuysere S, Lefere M. Detection of pulmonary nodules with scoutless fixed-dose ultra-low-dose CT: a prospective study. Eur Radiol 2022; 32:4437-4445. [PMID: 35238969 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-08584-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the accuracy of scoutless, fixed-dose ultra-low-dose (ULD) CT compared to standard-dose (SD) CT for pulmonary nodule detection and semi-automated nodule measurement, across different patient sizes. METHODS Sixty-three patients underwent ULD and SD CT. Two readers examined all studies visually and with computer-aided detection (CAD). Nodules detected on SD CT were included in the reference standard by consensus and stratified into 4 categories (nodule category, NODCAT) from the Dutch-Belgian Lung Cancer Screening trial (NELSON). Effects of NODCAT and patient size on nodule detection were determined. For each nodule, volume and diameter were compared between both scans. RESULTS The reference standard comprised 173 nodules. For both readers, detection rates on ULD versus SD CT were not significantly different for NODCAT 3 and 4 nodules > 50 mm3 (reader 1: 93% versus 89% (p = 0.257); reader 2: 96% versus 98% (p = 0.317)). For NODCAT 1 and 2 nodules < 50 mm3, detection rates on ULD versus SD CT dropped significantly (reader 1: 66% versus 80% (p = 0.023); reader 2: 77% versus 87% (p = 0.039)). Body mass index and chest circumference did not influence nodule detectability (p = 0.229 and p = 0.362, respectively). Calculated volumes and diameters were smaller on ULD CT (p < 0.0001), without altering NODCAT (84% agreement). CONCLUSIONS Scoutless ULD CT reliably detects solid lung nodules with a clinically relevant volume (> 50 mm3) in lung cancer screening, irrespective of patient size. Since detection rates were lower compared to SD CT for nodules < 50 mm3, its use for lung metastasis detection should be considered on a case-by-case basis. KEY POINTS • Detection rates of pulmonary nodules > 50 mm3are not significantly different between scoutless ULD and SD CT (i.e. volumes clinically relevant in lung cancer screening based on the NELSON trial), but were different for the detection of nodules < 50 mm3(i.e. volumes still potentially relevant in lung metastasis screening). • Calculated nodule volumes were on average 0.03 mL or 9% smaller on ULD CT, which is below the 20-25% interscan variability previously reported with software-based volumetry. • Even though a scoutless, fixed-dose ULD CT protocol was used (CTDIvol0.15 mGy), pulmonary nodule detection was not influenced by patient size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Gheysens
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Walter De Wever
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lesley Cockmartin
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hilde Bosmans
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium.,Medical Physics and Quality Assessment, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Walter Coudyzer
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Mathieu Lefere
- Department of Radiology, Imelda Hospital, Bonheiden, Belgium
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Zhong F, Liu Z, An W, Wang B, Zhang H, Liu Y, Liao M. Radiomics Study for Discriminating Second Primary Lung Cancers From Pulmonary Metastases in Pulmonary Solid Lesions. Front Oncol 2022; 11:801213. [PMID: 35047410 PMCID: PMC8761898 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.801213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to assess the value of quantitative radiomics features in discriminating second primary lung cancers (SPLCs) from pulmonary metastases (PMs). METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 252 malignant pulmonary nodules with histopathologically confirmed SPLCs or PMs and randomly assigned them to a training or validation cohort. Clinical data were collected from the electronic medical records system. The imaging and radiomics features of each nodule were extracted from CT images. RESULTS A rad-score was generated from the training cohort using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. A clinical and radiographic model was constructed using the clinical and imaging features selected by univariate and multivariate regression. A nomogram composed of clinical-radiographic factors and a rad-score were developed to validate the discriminative ability. The rad-scores differed significantly between the SPLC and PM groups. Sixteen radiomics features and four clinical-radiographic features were selected to build the final model to differentiate between SPLCs and PMs. The comprehensive clinical radiographic-radiomics model demonstrated good discriminative capacity with an area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.9421 and 0.9041 in the respective training and validation cohorts. The decision curve analysis demonstrated that the comprehensive model showed a higher clinical value than the model without the rad-score. CONCLUSION The proposed model based on clinical data, imaging features, and radiomics features could accurately discriminate SPLCs from PMs. The model thus has the potential to support clinicians in improving decision-making in a noninvasive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Zhong
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenxing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenting An
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Binchen Wang
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanfei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yumin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Meiyan Liao
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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