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Rassu G, Vlčková HK, Giunchedi P, Dias P, Cossu M, Pourová J, Harčárová P, Lomozová Z, Nováková L, Gavini E, Mladěnka P. A water-soluble preparation for intravenous administration of isorhamnetin and its pharmacokinetics in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 396:111064. [PMID: 38768772 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Flavonoids are considered as health-protecting food constituents. The testing of their biological effects is however hampered by their low oral absorption and complex metabolism. In order to investigate the direct effect(s) of unmetabolized flavonoid, a preparation in a biologically friendly solvent for intravenous administration is needed. Isorhamnetin, a natural flavonoid and a human metabolite of the most frequently tested flavonoid quercetin, has very low water solubility (<3.5 μg/mL). The aim of this study was to improve its solubility to enable intravenous administration and to test its pharmacokinetics in an animal model. By using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP10) and benzalkonium chloride, we were able to improve the solubility approximately 600 times to 2.1 mg/mL. This solution was then administered intravenously at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg of isorhamnetin to rats and its pharmacokinetics was analyzed. The pharmacokinetics of isorhamnetin corresponded to two compartmental model with a rapid initial distribution phase (t1/2α: 5.7 ± 4.3 min) and a slower elimination phase (t1/2β: 61 ± 47.5 min). Two sulfate metabolites were also identified. PVP10 and benzalkonium did not modify the properties of isorhamnetin (iron chelation and reduction, and cell penetration) substantially. In conclusion, the novel preparation reported in this study is suitable for future testing of isorhamnetin effects under in vivo conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Rassu
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 23a, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Hana Kočová Vlčková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Paolo Giunchedi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 23a, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Patrícia Dias
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Massimo Cossu
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 23a, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Jana Pourová
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Patrícia Harčárová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Zuzana Lomozová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Nováková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Elisabetta Gavini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 23a, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Přemysl Mladěnka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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