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Tsutsui M, Kawakubo H, Hayashida T, Fukuda K, Nakamura R, Takahashi T, Wada N, Saikawa Y, Omori T, Takeuchi H, Kitagawa Y. Comprehensive screening of genes resistant to an anticancer drug in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2015. [PMID: 26202837 PMCID: PMC4532242 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance to chemotherapy is a major issue in esophageal cancer management. Drug resistance may be mediated by genetic changes in the tumor; therefore, the identification of gene mutations may lead to better therapeutic outcomes. We used a novel method involving transposons to screen and identify drug-resistant genes. Transposons are DNA sequences that move from one location on the gene to another. A modified piggyBac transposon was designed as an insertion mutagen, and a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter sequence was added to induce strong transcription. When the transposon is inserted to the upstream of a certain gene, the gene will be overexpressed while when intserted down or intragenically, it will be downregulated. After establishing a transposon-tagged cell library, we treated cell lines derived from esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) [Tohoku esophagus (TE)] with cisplatin (CDDP). We performed splinkerette PCR and TOPO cloning on the resistant colonies. Bacterial colonies were sequenced, and next-generation sequencing was used to identify the overexpressed/downregulated sequences as candidate genes for CDDP resistance. We established 4 cell lines of transposon-tagged cells, TE4, 5, 9 and 15. We treated the two relatively viable cell lines, TE4 and TE15, with CDDP. We identified 37 candidate genes from 8 resistant colonies. Eight genes were overexpressed whilst 29 were downregulated. Among these genes was Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) that is implicated in the progression of myeloproliferative neoplasms. We identified 37 candidate genes responsible for CDDP resistance in the two cell lines derived from ESCC cells. The method is inexpensive, relatively simple, and capable of introducing activating and de-activating mutations in the genome, allowing for drug-resistant genes to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Tsutsui
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kawakubo
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Testsu Hayashida
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Fukuda
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Rieko Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tsunehiro Takahashi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Norihito Wada
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Saikawa
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tai Omori
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroya Takeuchi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuko Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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Badr G, Mohany M, Metwalli A. Effects of undenatured whey protein supplementation on CXCL12- and CCL21-mediated B and T cell chemotaxis in diabetic mice. Lipids Health Dis 2011; 10:203. [PMID: 22070978 PMCID: PMC3233520 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-10-203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long and persistent uncontrolled diabetes tends to degenerate the immune system and leads to an increased incidence of infection. Whey proteins (WPs) enhance immunity during early life and have a protective role in some immune disorders. In this study, the effects of camel WP on the chemotaxis of B and T cells to CXCL12 and CCL21 in diabetic mice were investigated. Results Flow cytometric analysis of the surface expressions of CXCR4 (CXCL12 receptor) and CCR7 (CCL21 receptor) on B and T cells revealed that the surface expressions of CXCR4 and CCR7 were not significantly altered in diabetic and WP-supplemented diabetic mice compared with control mice. Nevertheless, B and T lymphocytes from diabetic mice were found to be in a stunned state, with a marked and significant (P < 0.05) decrease in CXCL12- and CCL21-mediated actin polymerization and subsequently, a marked decrease in their chemotaxis. WP supplementation in the diabetes model was found to significantly increase CXCL12- and CCL21-mediated actin polymerization and chemotaxis in both B and T cells. Conclusion Our data revealed the benefits of WP supplementation in enhancing cytoskeletal rearrangement and chemotaxis in B and T cells, and subsequently improving the immune response in diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal Badr
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.
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