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Geng F, Yang W, Song D, Hou H, Han B, Chen Y, Zhao H. MDIG, a 2‑oxoglutarate‑dependent oxygenase, acts as an oncogene and predicts the prognosis of multiple types of cancer. Int J Oncol 2022; 61:82. [PMID: 35583005 PMCID: PMC9162052 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that mineral dust‑induced gene (MDIG) is an oncogene induced by environmental factors, which has a key role in the development and progression of various tumor types, through epigenetic modifications; however, there are no previous pan‑cancer analyses of MDIG. In the present study, a comprehensive pan‑cancer analysis of MDIG was performed using public databases. The results demonstrated that MDIG was upregulated in tumor tissue samples compared with normal tissue, that it was present in all cancer cell lines and it was closely associated with the prognosis of patients with different tumor types. Furthermore, MDIG expression was closely associated with the immunological characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as the frequency of tumor‑infiltrating immune cells, TME‑relevant signatures, immunostimulatory genes, immune checkpoint genes, chemokine receptor genes, tumor mutational burden and microsatellite instability. In parallel, high expression of MDIG was associated with improved overall survival of patients and this was verified in a cohort of patients who had received anti‑programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 treatment. Furthermore, high expression of MDIG led to multiple drug resistance in The Cancer Genome Atlas‑lung adenocarcinoma cohort. In addition, gene set variant analysis and gene set enrichment analysis indicated that MDIG was involved in cell cycle regulation. In vitro experiments suggested that MDIG promoted cell proliferation through the mTOR complex 2/Akt and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1/Akt signaling pathways. In summary, the present study suggests that MDIG may be a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for various cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Geng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Haijia Hou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yecheng Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Hongwen Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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Chen W, Zhu S, Zhang Y, Xiao J, Tian D. Identification of key candidate tumor biomarkers in non-small-cell lung cancer by in silico analysis. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:1008-1016. [PMID: 31897214 PMCID: PMC6924182 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a common malignancy worldwide. The aim of the present study was to investigate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and normal lung tissue, and to reveal the potential molecular mechanism underlying NSCLC. The Gene Expression Omnibus database was used to obtain three gene expression profiles (GSE18842, GSE30219 and GSE33532). DEGs were obtained by GEO2R. Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment analyses were performed for DEGs in the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was constructed and analyzed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database and Cytoscape software. A survival analysis was performed and protein expression levels of DEGs in human NSCLC were analyzed in order to determine clinical significance. A total of 764 DEGs were identified, consisting of 428 upregulated and 336 downregulated genes in NSCLC tissues compared with normal lung tissues, which were enriched in the 'cell cycle', 'cell adhesion molecules', 'p53 signaling pathway', 'DNA replication' and 'tight junction'. A PPI network of DEGs consisting of 51 nodes and 192 edges was constructed. The top 10 genes were identified as hub genes from the PPI network. High expression of 4 of the 10 hub genes was associated with worse overall survival rate in patients with NSCLC, including CDK1, PLK1, RAD51 and RFC4. In conclusion, the present study aids in improving the current understanding of aberrant gene expression between NSCLC tissues and normal lung tissues underlying tumorgenesis in NSCLC. Identified hub genes can be used as a tumor marker for diagnosis and prognosis or as a drug therapy target in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, P.R. China
| | - Song Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, P.R. China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, P.R. China
| | - Jinghua Xiao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, P.R. China
| | - Dongbo Tian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, P.R. China
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3
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Liu L, Huang L, He J, Cai S, Weng Y, Huang S, Ma S. PTEN inhibits non-small cell lung cancer cell growth by promoting G 0/G 1 arrest and cell apoptosis. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:1333-1340. [PMID: 30655903 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major type of human lung cancer and the primary cause of cancer-associated cases of mortality worldwide. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a potent tumor suppressor gene in various human cancer types. The aim of the current study was to explore the role of PTEN and its associated regulatory mechanisms in NSCLC. Firstly, the expression of PTEN was detected using western blotting in a variety of NSCLC cell lines. The results revealed that compared with normal control cells, PTEN levels were significantly decreased in NSCLC cell lines (P<0.01). Short hairpin (sh)RNAs specific to PTEN were also used to knockdown endogenous PTEN in NSCLC cells. The results indicated that cell viability was significantly increased in PTEN-knockdown cells compared with those transfected with negative control shRNA (P<0.01). Conversely, overexpression of PTEN in A549 and SK-MES-1 cells significantly decreased the optical density of NSCLC cells (P<0.01). Flow cytometry was used to investigate the cell cycle; the results revealed that PTEN knockdown significantly increased the percentage of cells at G0/G1 phase (P<0.01) and decreased the number of cells at S phase (P<0.01). The molecular mechanism was further explored using western blotting and the results demonstrated that PTEN overexpression increased the levels of cleaved caspase-3 (P<0.01). These results suggest that PTEN may be a potential target gene for gene therapy in patients with NSCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libao Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Nursing, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Jinyuan He
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Songwang Cai
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Yimin Weng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Shaohong Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Shaohong Ma
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
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Bai H, Sun F, Yang G, Wang L, Zhang Q, Zhang Q, Zhan Y, Chen J, Yu M, Li C, Yin R, Yang X, Ge C. CBLB502, a Toll-like receptor 5 agonist, offers protection against radiation-induced male reproductive system damage in mice†. Biol Reprod 2018; 100:281-291. [DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Bai
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ganggang Yang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Medicine, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Quanyi Zhang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Medicine, Xinxiang, China
| | - Quanhai Zhang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Medicine, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yiqun Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaojiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Changyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Ronghua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Changhui Ge
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Roeten MSF, Cloos J, Jansen G. Positioning of proteasome inhibitors in therapy of solid malignancies. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018; 81:227-243. [PMID: 29184971 PMCID: PMC5778165 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-017-3489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Targeting of the protein degradation pathway, in particular, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, has emerged as an attractive novel cancer chemotherapeutic modality. Although proteasome inhibitors have been most successfully applied in the treatment of hematological malignancies, they also received continuing interest for the treatment of solid tumors. In this review, we summarize the current positioning of proteasome inhibitors in the treatment of common solid malignancies (e.g., lung, colon, pancreas, breast, and head and neck cancer), addressing topics of their mechanism(s) of action, predictive factors and molecular mechanisms of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot S F Roeten
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Cloos
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Gerrit Jansen
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Location VUmc, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Li C, Hu J, Li W, Song G, Shen J. Combined bortezomib-based chemotherapy and p53 gene therapy using hollow mesoporous silica nanospheres for p53 mutant non-small cell lung cancer treatment. Biomater Sci 2017; 5:77-88. [DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00449k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hollow mesoporous silica nanospheres (HMSN)-based co-delivery of bortezomib (BTZ) and the tumor suppressor gene p53 was developed for p53 signal impaired NSCLC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- China
| | - Junqing Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- China
| | - Wenyao Li
- School of Material Engineering
- Research & Development Center for Key Technologies of Intelligent Ultra-Intense Laser Processing Equipments
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science
- Shanghai 201620
- China
| | - Guosheng Song
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- China
| | - Jia Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology; Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200031
- China
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Zhang G, Zeng X, Zhang R, Liu J, Zhang W, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Wu Z, Tan Y, Wu Y, Du B. Dioscin suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma tumor growth by inducing apoptosis and regulation of TP53, BAX, BCL2 and cleaved CASP3. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1329-1336. [PMID: 27765352 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy of the liver, occurs frequently in the setting of chronic liver injury. Although multiple therapeutic approaches are available, the prognosis of patients with HCC remains poor. Dioscin is a natural steroid saponin that presents in various plants. The anti-cancer and anti-fibrotic effects have been extensively reported. However, the effect of dioscin on HCC remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the anti-HCC properties of dioscin in vitro and in vivo. METHODS MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) assay was used to analyze the growth inhibition activity of Dioscin in human cell lines, Bel-7402, HepG2, Lovo, and EAhy926. Antitumor activity through induction of apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry using Annexin-V and propidium iodide (PI) staining, laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) analysis with Hochest33342 and PI labeling, and DNA fragmentation analysis. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins tumor protein p53 (TP53), BCL2-associated X protein (BAX), B-Cell CLL/Lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and Caspase 3 (CASP3) was measured by Western blot. Nude mice bearing Bel-7402 were administered intraperitoneally at different doses of dioscin and 5-FU (5-Fluorouracil) treatment was used as a control. Tumor volume and tumor weight of each mouse were then measured. RESULTS We demonstrated that Dioscin inhibited proliferation of HCC cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Dioscin also significantly induced morphological changes during death by apoptosis and increased DNA damage of Bel-7402 cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that Dioscin displayed anticancer activity via up-regulating expression of TP53, BAX and CASP3 protein, as well as down-regulating BCL2 in Bel-7402 cells. Notably, the in vivo anticancer activity of Dioscin was further assessed and achieved greater inhibition efficiency at the concentration increased to 24mg/kg/day than 5-FU at dose of 10mg/kg/day in nude mice bearing Bel-7402 cells. CONCLUSIONS Dioscin inhibited tumor growth via inducing apoptosis, which was accompanied by altered expression of apoptotic pathway proteins, such as TP53, BAX, BCL2 and CASP3. Our findings indicate that further evaluation of dioscin as a novel therapeutic approach for HCC is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxian Zhang
- School of Fundamental Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiancheng Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510317, China
| | - Ren Zhang
- School of Fundamental Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Juan Liu
- School of Fundamental Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weici Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yujun Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510317, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- School of Fundamental Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhixue Wu
- School of Fundamental Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuhui Tan
- School of Fundamental Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingya Wu
- School of Fundamental Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Biaoyan Du
- School of Fundamental Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Smardova J, Liskova K, Ravcukova B, Malcikova J, Hausnerova J, Svitakova M, Hrabalkova R, Zlamalikova L, Stano-Kozubik K, Blahakova I, Speldova J, Jarkovsky J, Smarda J. Complex analysis of the p53 tumor suppressor in lung carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:1859-67. [PMID: 26718964 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The p53 tumor suppressor is a transcription factor controlling expression of its target genes in response to various stress stimuli. Mutations of the TP53 gene occur very frequently in lung carcinomas and they play an important role in both oncogenic transformation of lung epithelial cells and lung carcinoma progression. We determined the TP53 status in 42 samples of squamous cell lung carcinoma (SQCC) and 56 samples of lung adenocarcinoma (AC) by the functional analysis FASAY and its variant called split assay. Altogether, we detected 64 TP53 mutations in 63 patients and analyzed them by cDNA and gDNA sequencing. The TP53 mutations were found in 76.2% (32/42) of SQCC cases, and 55.4% (31/56) of ACs. Immunoblotting revealed the p53 protein accumulation in 18 samples (42.9%) among SQCC cases and 19 samples (33.9%) among AC cases. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization we detected loss of the TP53-specific 17p13.3 locus in 23 from 41 analyzed SQCC samples (56.1%) and in 20 from 54 analyzed AC samples (37.0%). We did not find any statistically significant differences in overall and disease-free survival in relation to TP53 status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Smardova
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Barbora Ravcukova
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Centre for Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Malcikova
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Hausnerova
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miluse Svitakova
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Katerina Stano-Kozubik
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivona Blahakova
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Speldova
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and TB, University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Jarkovsky
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Smarda
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Diallyl disulfide attenuated carbon ion irradiation-induced apoptosis in mouse testis through changing the ratio of Tap73/ΔNp73 via mitochondrial pathway. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16020. [PMID: 26526304 PMCID: PMC4630619 DOI: 10.1038/srep16020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diallyl disulfide (DADS), a major organosulfur compound derived from garlic, has various biological properties, including anti-cancer effects. However, the protective mechanism of DADS against radiation-induced mouse testis cell apoptosis has not been elucidated. In this study, the magnitude of radiation effects evoked by carbon ion irradiation was marked by morphology changes, significant rise in apoptotic cells, activation expression of p53, up regulation the ratio of pro-apoptotic Tap73/anti-apoptotic ΔNp73, as well as alterations of crucial mediator of the mitochondrial pathway. Interestingly, pretreatment with DADS attenuated carbon ion irradiation-induced morphology damages and apoptotic cells. Additionally, DADS elevated radiation-induced p53 and p21 expression, suggesting that p53 might be involved in the inhibition of cell cycle progression through up regulation of p21. Furthermore, administration with DADS prevented radiation-induced Tap73/ΔNp73 expression and consequently down regulated Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, cytochrome c release and caspase-3 expression, indicating that the balance between Tap73 and ΔNp73 had potential to activate p53 responsive genes. Thus, our results showed that radio protection effect of DADS on mouse testis is mediated by blocking apoptosis through changing the ratio of Tap73/ΔNp73 via mitochondrial pathway, suggesting that DADS could be used as a potential radio protection agent for the testis against heavy-ion radiation.
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Shen J, Song G, An M, Li X, Wu N, Ruan K, Hu J, Hu R. The use of hollow mesoporous silica nanospheres to encapsulate bortezomib and improve efficacy for non-small cell lung cancer therapy. Biomaterials 2014; 35:316-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.09.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Ma JT, Han CB, Zhao JZ, Jing W, Zhou Y, Huang LET, Zou HW. Synergistic cytotoxic effects of recombinant human adenovirus p53 and radiation at various time points in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. Oncol Lett 2012; 4:529-533. [PMID: 22970051 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of recombinant human adenovirus p53 (rAd-p53; Gendicine) transfection and radiation at various time points following transfection. Cytotoxic effects and p53 protein expression levels were analyzed. rAd-p53 containing the human wild-type p53 gene was introduced into the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549, and cells were irradiated with a single dose of 6 MeV 4 Gy β rays. According to the time interval between rAd-p53 transfection and radiotherapy (RT), A549-transfected rAd-p53 cells were divided into 5 groups: radiation administered immediately after transfection (0 h-RT) group, after 3 h group (3 h-RT), after 6 h group (6 h-RT), after 24 h group (24 h-RT) and after 48 h group (48 h-RT). Cells with rAd-p53 transfection alone (Ad-p53) and with empty adenovirus (Ad) were included as the two control groups. Following 72 h of transfection, cell viability and growth were analyzed using MTT assays and flow cytometry, and p53 protein expression was analyzed using western blot analysis. From 0 h-RT to 48 h-RT, cell viability gradually decreased, while percentage of apoptotic cells and p53 protein expression gradually increased. The cell viability suppression rates in the 6 h-RT, 24 h-RT and 48 h-RT groups were 56.7±5.4, 60.8±6.0 and 68.9±6.6, respectively, which were significantly greater compared to that of the Ad-p53 (40.8±4.7), 0 h-RT (45.0±3.5) and 3 h-RT groups (47.0±4.3). No statistically significant differences were observed in the cell viability suppression rates among the 6 h-RT, 24 h-RT and 48 h-RT groups (P>0.05). Similar changes were observed in the percentage of apoptotic cells. The p53 protein expression level in the 6 h-RT group (0.856±0.092) was higher compared to that in the 3 h-RT group (0.643±0.089) (t=2.882; P=0.045), but not significantly different from that of the 24 h-RT group (1.193±0.202). The cell viability suppression rate and percentage of apoptotic cells was positively correlated with p53 protein expression in the A549 cells (P<0.05). Radiation may inhibit or damage p53 protein expression at the early stage of rAd-p53 transfection. To sensitize tumor cells to irradiation and achieve maximal cytotoxic effects, it is recommended to conduct RT at least 6 h following transfection with rAd-p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Tao Ma
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110022, P.R. China
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Zu L, Liu H, Chen J, Zhou Q. [Current status and prospect of lung cancer gene therapy]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2011; 14:758-62. [PMID: 21924046 PMCID: PMC5999612 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2011.09.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenviroment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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Sahoo K, Dozmorov MG, Anant S, Awasthi V. The curcuminoid CLEFMA selectively induces cell death in H441 lung adenocarcinoma cells via oxidative stress. Invest New Drugs 2010; 30:558-67. [PMID: 21181232 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-010-9610-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Accepted: 12/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
CLEFMA or 4-[3,5-bis(2-chlorobenzylidene-4-oxo-piperidine-1-yl)-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid] is a curcuminoid being developed as an anticancer drug. We recently reported that it potently inhibits proliferation of various cancer cells. In this project, we investigated the effect of CLEFMA on gene expression profile in H441 lung adenocarcinoma cells, and studied its mechanism of action. In microarray data, we observed a deregulation of genes involved in redox and glutamate metabolism. Based on the affected ontologies, we hypothesized that antiproliferative activity of CLEFMA could be a result of the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We tested this hypothesis by determining the levels of glutathione (GSH) and ROS in H441 cells treated with CLEFMA. We observed a rapid depletion of intracellular GSH/GSSG ratio. Using a cell-permeable fluorogenic substrate, we found that CLEFMA significantly induced ROS in a time- and dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Flow-cytometry with a mitochondria-selective fluorescent reporter of ROS indicated that the CLEFMA-induced ROS was of mitochondrial origin. In contrast to the cancer cells, the normal lung fibroblasts (CCL-151) did not show any increase in ROS and were resistant to CLEFMA-induced cell death. Furthermore, the addition of antioxidants, such as catalase, superoxide dismutase and N-acetylcysteine, rescued cancer cells from CLEFMA-induced cell death. Gene expression pathway analysis suggested that a transcription factor regulator Nrf2 is a pivotal molecule in the CLEFMA-induced deregulation of redox pathways. The immunoblotting of Nrf2 showed that CLEFMA treatment resulted in phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in a time-dependent fashion. Based on these results, we conclude that induction of ROS is critical for the antiproliferative activity of CLEFMA and the Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress response fails to salvage H441 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaustuv Sahoo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, 1110 North Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma, OK 73117, USA
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Lagisetty P, Vilekar P, Sahoo K, Anant S, Awasthi V. CLEFMA-an anti-proliferative curcuminoid from structure-activity relationship studies on 3,5-bis(benzylidene)-4-piperidones. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:6109-20. [PMID: 20638855 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2010] [Revised: 06/14/2010] [Accepted: 06/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
3,5-Bis(benzylidene)-4-piperidones are being advanced as synthetic analogs of curcumin for anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. We performed structure-activity relationship studies, by testing several synthesized 3,5-bis(benzylidene)-4-piperidones for anti-proliferative activity in lung adenocarcinoma H441 cells. Compared to the lead compound 1, or 3,5-bis(2-fluorobenzylidene)-4-piperidone, five compounds were found to be more potent (IC(50) < 30 microM), and 16 compounds possessed reduced cell-killing efficacy (IC(50) > 50 microM). Based on the observations, we synthesized 4-[3,5-bis(2-chlorobenzylidene-4-oxo-piperidine-1-yl)-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid] (29 or CLEFMA) as a novel analog of 1. CLEFMA was evaluated for anti-proliferative activity in H441 cells, and was found to be several folds more potent than compound 1. We did not find apoptotic cell population in flow cytometry, and the absence of apoptosis was confirmed by the lack of caspase cleavage. The electron microscopy of H441cells indicated that CLEFMA and compound 1 induce autophagic cell death that was inhibited by specific autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine. The results suggest that the potent and novel curcuminoid, CLEFMA, offers an alternative mode of cell death in apoptosis-resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Lagisetty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
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Sverdlov ED. Not gene therapy, but genetic surgery-the right strategy to attack cancer. MOLECULAR GENETICS, MICROBIOLOGY AND VIROLOGY : MOLEKULYARNAYA GENETIKA, MIKROBIOLOGIYA I VIRUSOLOGIYA 2009; 24:93-113. [PMID: 32214647 PMCID: PMC7089455 DOI: 10.3103/s089141680903001x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this review, I will suggest to divide all the approaches united now under common term "gene therapy" into two broad strategies of which the first one uses the methodology of targeted therapy with all its characteristics, but with genes in the role of agents targeted at a certain molecular component(s) presumably crucial for cancer maintenance. In contrast, the techniques of the other strategy are aimed at the destruction of tumors as a whole using the features shared by all cancers, for example relatively fast mitotic cell division or active angiogenesis. While the first strategy is "true" gene therapy, the second one is more like genetic surgery when a surgeon just cuts off a tumor with his scalpel and has no interest in knowing delicate mechanisms of cancer emergence and progression. I will try to substantiate the idea that the last strategy is the only right one, and its simplicity is paradoxically adequate to the super-complexity of tumors that originates from general complexity of cell regulation, strongly disturbed in tumor cells, and especially from the complexity of tumors as evolving cell populations, affecting also their ecological niche formed by neighboring normal cells and tissues. An analysis of the most widely used for such a "surgery" suicide gene/prodrug combinations will be presented in some more details.
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Affiliation(s)
- E D Sverdlov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAN, Moscow, Russia
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Sun X, Ritzenthaler JD, Zheng Y, Roman J, Han S. Rosiglitazone inhibits alpha4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression in human lung carcinoma cells through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-independent signals. Mol Cancer Ther 2009; 8:110-8. [PMID: 19139119 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-08-0719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We and others have shown previously that nicotine, a major component of tobacco, stimulates non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) proliferation through nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)-mediated signals. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) has been shown to inhibit NSCLC cell growth, but the exact mechanisms responsible for this effect remain incompletely defined. Herein, we show that nicotine induces NSCLC cell proliferation in part through alpha4 nAChR, prompting us to explore the effects of rosiglitazone, a synthetic PPARgamma ligand, on the expression of this receptor. Rosiglitazone inhibited the expression of alpha4 nAChR, but this effect was through a PPARgamma-independent pathway, because GW9662, an antagonist of PPARgamma, and the transfection of cells with PPARgamma small interfering RNA failed to abolish the response. The inhibitory effect of rosiglitazone on alpha4 nAChR expression was accompanied by phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and down-regulation of Akt phosphorylation. These signals mediated the inhibitory effects of rosiglitazone on alpha4 nAChR expression because chemical inhibitors prevented the effect. Rosiglitazone was also found to stimulate p53, a tumor suppressor known to mediate some of the effects of nicotine. Interestingly, p53 up-regulation was needed for rosiglitazone-induced inhibition of alpha4 nAChR. Thus, rosiglitazone inhibits alpha4 nAChR expression in NSCLC cells through activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, which triggers induction of p53. Finally, like others, we found that nicotine stimulated the expression of alpha4 nAChR. This process was also inhibited by rosiglitazone through similar pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Sun
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Whitehead Bioresearch Building, 615 Michael Street, Suite 205-M, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Cuddihy AR, Jalali F, Coackley C, Bristow RG. WTp53 induction does not override MTp53 chemoresistance and radioresistance due to gain-of-function in lung cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2008; 7:980-92. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-07-0471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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