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Bhaumik P, Ghosh P, Ghosh S, Feingold E, Ozbek U, Sarkar B, Dey SK. Combined association of Presenilin-1 and Apolipoprotein E polymorphisms with maternal meiosis II error in Down syndrome births. Genet Mol Biol 2017; 40:577-585. [PMID: 28767121 PMCID: PMC5596362 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2016-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome often exhibit close association and predictively share common genetic risk-factors. Presenilin-1 (PSEN-1) and Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genes are associated with early and late onset of Alzheimer's disease, respectively. Presenilin -1 is involved in faithful chromosomal segregation. A higher frequency of the APOE ε4 allele has been reported among young mothers giving birth to Down syndrome children. In this study, 170 Down syndrome patients, grouped according to maternal meiotic stage of nondisjunction and maternal age at conception, and their parents were genotyped for PSEN-1 intron-8 and APOE polymorphisms. The control group consisted of 186 mothers of karyotypically normal children. The frequencies of the PSEN-1 T allele and TT genotype, in the presence of the APOE ε4 allele, were significantly higher among young mothers (< 35 years) with meiosis II nondisjunction than in young control mothers (96.43% vs. 65.91% P = 0.0002 and 92.86% vs. 45.45% P < 0.0001 respectively) but not among mothers with meiosis I nondisjunction. We infer that the co-occurrence of the PSEN-1 T allele and the APOE ε4 allele associatively increases the risk of meiotic segregation error II among young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranami Bhaumik
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Biological
Sciences. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyanka Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Biological
Sciences. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, India
| | - Sujay Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Ballygunge Science
college campus, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Eleanor Feingold
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health,
University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health,
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Umut Ozbek
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health,
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Subrata Kumar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Biological
Sciences. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, India
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Bajic V, Spremo-Potparevic B, Zivkovic L, Isenovic ER, Arendt T. Cohesion and the aneuploid phenotype in Alzheimer's disease: A tale of genome instability. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 55:365-74. [PMID: 26003528 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neurons are postmitotic cells that are in permanent cell cycle arrest. However, components of the cell cycle machinery that are expressed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) neurons are showing features of a cycling cell and those attributed to a postmitotic cell as well. Furthermore, the unique physiological operations taking place in neurons, ascribed to "core cell cycle regulators" are also key regulators in cell division. Functions of these cell cycle regulators include neuronal migration, axonal elongation, axon pruning, dendrite morphogenesis and synaptic maturation and plasticity. In this review, we focus on cohesion and cohesion related proteins in reference to their neuronal functions and how impaired centromere/cohesion dynamics may connect cell cycle dysfunction to aneuploidy in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladan Bajic
- Institute for Nuclear Research "Vinca", Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Belgrade, P.O. 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Biljana Spremo-Potparevic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Physiology, Department of Biology and Human Genetics, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Lada Zivkovic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Physiology, Department of Biology and Human Genetics, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Esma R Isenovic
- Institute for Nuclear Research "Vinca", Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Belgrade, P.O. 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Thomas Arendt
- Paul-Flechsig-Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, School of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A. Jacobs
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, SP2 8BJ Salisbury, United Kingdom;
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Yurov YB, Vorsanova SG, Iourov IY. The DNA replication stress hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 11:2602-12. [PMID: 22262948 PMCID: PMC3254013 DOI: 10.1100/2011/625690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A well-recognized theory of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis suggests ectopic cell cycle events to mediate neurodegeneration. Vulnerable neurons of the AD brain exhibit biomarkers of cell cycle progression and DNA replication suggesting a reentry into the cell cycle. Chromosome reduplication without proper cell cycle completion and mitotic division probably causes neuronal cell dysfunction and death. However, this theory seems to require some inputs in accordance with the generally recognized amyloid cascade theory as well as to explain causes and consequences of genomic instability (aneuploidy) in the AD brain. We propose that unscheduled and incomplete DNA replication (replication stress) destabilizes (epi)genomic landscape in the brain and leads to DNA replication "catastrophe" causing cell death during the S phase (replicative cell death). DNA replication stress can be a key element of the pathogenetic cascade explaining the interplay between ectopic cell cycle events and genetic instabilities in the AD brain. Abnormal cell cycle reentry and somatic genome variations can be used for updating the cell cycle theory introducing replication stress as a missing link between cell genetics and neurobiology of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri B. Yurov
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Genomics of Psychiatric Disorders, Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 119152, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Pediatrics and Children Surgery, Minzdravsotsrazvitia, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Neurobiological Diagnosis of Genetic Psychiatric Disorders, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana G. Vorsanova
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Genomics of Psychiatric Disorders, Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 119152, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Pediatrics and Children Surgery, Minzdravsotsrazvitia, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Neurobiological Diagnosis of Genetic Psychiatric Disorders, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Y. Iourov
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Genomics of Psychiatric Disorders, Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 119152, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Pediatrics and Children Surgery, Minzdravsotsrazvitia, Moscow, Russia
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Abstract
Alzheimer?s disease (AD), as the most common form of dementia, has for many
years attracted the attention of researchers around the world, primarily
because of the problems of reliable diagnostic methods that could help in the
early detection of this devastating disease. One of the important aspects of
genetic research related to AD is the analysis of chromosome instability
which includes: aneuploidies of different chromosomes, telomere shortening
and the phenomenon of premature centromere division (PCD). The aim of this
study was to describe specific biomarkers in different types of cells as
potential parameters for the diagnosis of AD in order to promptly recognize
pre-symptomatic stages and prevent the development of disease and/or slow
down its progression.
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Zivković L, Spremo-Potparević B, Plecas-Solarović B, Djelić N, Ocić G, Smiljković P, Siedlak SL, Smith MA, Bajić V. Premature centromere division of metaphase chromosomes in peripheral blood lymphocytes of Alzheimer's disease patients: relation to gender and age. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2010; 65:1269-74. [PMID: 20805239 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glq148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal alterations are a feature of both aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study examined if premature centromere division (PCD), a chromosomal instability indicator increased in AD, is correlated with aging or, instead, represents a de novo chromosomal alteration due to accelerating aging in AD. PCD in peripheral blood lymphocytes was determined in sporadic AD patients and gender and age-matched unaffected controls. Metaphase nuclei were analyzed for chromosomes showing PCD, X chromosomes with PCD (PCD,X), and acrocentric chromosomes showing PCD. AD patients, regardless of age, demonstrated increased PCD on any chromosome and PCD on acrocentric chromosomes in both genders, whereas an increase in frequency of PCD,X was expressed only in women. This cytogenetic analysis suggests that PCD is a feature of AD, rather than an epiphenomenon of chronological aging, and may be useful as a physiological biomarker that can be used for disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lada Zivković
- Institute of Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Granic A, Padmanabhan J, Norden M, Potter H. Alzheimer Abeta peptide induces chromosome mis-segregation and aneuploidy, including trisomy 21: requirement for tau and APP. Mol Biol Cell 2009; 21:511-20. [PMID: 20032300 PMCID: PMC2820417 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e09-10-0850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosome aneuploidy, especially trisomy 21, arises in both familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Expression of FAD genes or exposure to Aβ peptide induces aneuploidy in tg-mice and cultured cells. The requirement for GSK-3β, calpain, and Tau in Aβ-induced chromosome mis-segregation points to MT dysfunction as contributing to AD pathogenesis. Both sporadic and familial Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients exhibit increased chromosome aneuploidy, particularly trisomy 21, in neurons and other cells. Significantly, trisomy 21/Down syndrome patients develop early onset AD pathology. We investigated the mechanism underlying mosaic chromosome aneuploidy in AD and report that FAD mutations in the Alzheimer Amyloid Precursor Protein gene, APP, induce chromosome mis-segregation and aneuploidy in transgenic mice and in transfected cells. Furthermore, adding synthetic Aβ peptide, the pathogenic product of APP, to cultured cells causes rapid and robust chromosome mis-segregation leading to aneuploid, including trisomy 21, daughters, which is prevented by LiCl addition or Ca2+ chelation and is replicated in tau KO cells, implicating GSK-3β, calpain, and Tau-dependent microtubule transport in the aneugenic activity of Aβ. Furthermore, APP KO cells are resistant to the aneugenic activity of Aβ, as they have been shown previously to be resistant to Aβ-induced tau phosphorylation and cell toxicity. These results indicate that Aβ-induced microtubule dysfunction leads to aneuploid neurons and may thereby contribute to the pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoneta Granic
- Eric Pfeiffer Suncoast Alzheimer's Center, University of South Florida, Tampa FL, 33613, USA
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PIN1 gene variants in Alzheimer's disease. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2009; 10:115. [PMID: 19909517 PMCID: PMC2781804 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-10-115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peptidyl-prolyl isomerase, NIMA-interacting 1 (PIN1) plays a significant role in the brain and is implicated in numerous cellular processes related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative conditions. There are confounding results concerning PIN1 activity in AD brains. Also PIN1 genetic variation was inconsistently associated with AD risk. METHODS We performed analysis of coding and promoter regions of PIN1 in early- and late-onset AD and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) patients in comparison with healthy controls. RESULTS Analysis of eighteen PIN1 common polymorphisms and their haplotypes in EOAD, LOAD and FTD individuals in comparison with the control group did not reveal their contribution to disease risk.In six unrelated familial AD patients four novel PIN1 sequence variants were detected. c.58+64C>T substitution that was identified in three patients, was located in an alternative exon. In silico analysis suggested that this variant highly increases a potential affinity for a splicing factor and introduces two intronic splicing enhancers. In the peripheral leukocytes of one living patient carrying the variant, a 2.82 fold decrease in PIN1 expression was observed. CONCLUSION Our data does not support the role of PIN1 common polymorphisms as AD risk factor. However, we suggest that the identified rare sequence variants could be directly connected with AD pathology, influencing PIN1 splicing and/or expression.
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