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Xie B, Huang W, Hu Y, Dou Y, Xie L, Zhang Y, Qin S, Lan K, Pang X, Qiu H, Li L, Wei X, Liu Z, Meng Z, Lv J. Anemia and opportunistic infections in hospitalized people living with HIV: a retrospective study. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:912. [PMID: 36474196 PMCID: PMC9727975 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07910-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a high prevalence of anemia among people living with HIV in Guangxi, China. Therefore, we investigated anemia and opportunistic infections in hospitalized people living with HIV and explored the risk factors related to anemia in people living with HIV to actively prevent anemia in people living with HIV. METHODS We retrospectively studied people living with HIV admitted to Guangxi Chest Hospital from June 2016 to October 2021. Detailed information on the sociodemographic and clinical features of the participants was collected. The X2 test was used to compare the prevalence between the anemic and non-anemic groups. The logistic regression analysis was applied to exclude confounding factors and identify factors related to anemia. RESULTS Among 5645 patients with HIV, 1525 (27.02%) had anemia. The overall prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe anemia was 4.66%, 14.08%, and 8.27%, respectively. The factors significantly related to increased risk of anemia were CD4 count < 50 cells/µl (aOR = 2.221, 95% CI = [1.775, 2.779]), CD4 count 50-199 cells/µl (aOR = 1.659, 95% CI = [1.327, 2. 073]), female (aOR = 1.644, 95% CI = [1.436, 1.881]) co-infected with HCV (aOR = 1.465, 95% CI = [1.071, 2.002]), PM (aOR = 2.356, 95% CI = [1.950, 2.849]), or TB (aOR = 1.198, 95% CI = [1.053, 1.365]). CONCLUSIONS Within Guangxi of China, 27.02% of hospitalized people living with HIV presented with anemia. Most patients with anemia were in the mild to moderate stage. The low CD4 count, female gender, and concomitant infection with Penicillium marneffei, Hepatitis C virus, or Tuberculosis were independent correlates of anemia. Thus, these findings would be helpful to clinicians in preventing and intervening in anemia in people living with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xie
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653School of Information and Management, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi China
| | - Wei Huang
- Guangxi Clinical Center for AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Chest Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 8 Yangjiaoshan Road, Liuzhou, 545005 Guangxi China
| | - Yanling Hu
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653School of Information and Management, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi China ,grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Institute of Life Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi China ,grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi China
| | - Yanyun Dou
- Guangxi Clinical Center for AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Chest Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 8 Yangjiaoshan Road, Liuzhou, 545005 Guangxi China
| | - Luman Xie
- Guangxi Clinical Center for AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Chest Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 8 Yangjiaoshan Road, Liuzhou, 545005 Guangxi China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Guangxi Clinical Center for AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Chest Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 8 Yangjiaoshan Road, Liuzhou, 545005 Guangxi China
| | - Shanfang Qin
- Guangxi Clinical Center for AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Chest Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 8 Yangjiaoshan Road, Liuzhou, 545005 Guangxi China
| | - Ke Lan
- Guangxi Clinical Center for AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Chest Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 8 Yangjiaoshan Road, Liuzhou, 545005 Guangxi China
| | - Xianwu Pang
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi China
| | - Hong Qiu
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Institute of Life Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi China
| | - Lanxiang Li
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Basic Medical College of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi China
| | - Xihua Wei
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Institute of Life Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi China
| | - Zengjing Liu
- Guangxi Clinical Center for AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Chest Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 8 Yangjiaoshan Road, Liuzhou, 545005 Guangxi China
| | - Zhihao Meng
- Guangxi Clinical Center for AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Chest Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 8 Yangjiaoshan Road, Liuzhou, 545005 Guangxi China
| | - Jiannan Lv
- Guangxi Clinical Center for AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Chest Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 8 Yangjiaoshan Road, Liuzhou, 545005 Guangxi China
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Mijiti P, Yuexin Z, Min L, Wubuli M, Kejun P, Upur H. Prevalence and predictors of anaemia in patients with HIV infection at the initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy in Xinjiang, China. Int J STD AIDS 2014; 26:156-64. [PMID: 24810220 DOI: 10.1177/0956462414531935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Summary We retrospectively analysed routinely collected baseline data of 2252 patients with HIV infection registered in the National Free Antiretroviral Treatment Program in Xinjiang province, China, from 2006 to 2011 to estimate the prevalence and predictors of anaemia at the initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy. Anaemia was diagnosed using the criteria set forth by the World Health Organisation, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine its predictors. The prevalences of mild, moderate, and severe anaemia at the initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy were 19.2%, 17.1%, and 2.6%, respectively. Overall, 38.9% of the patients were anaemic at the initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that Uyghur ethnicity, female gender, lower CD4 count, lower body mass index value, self-reported tuberculosis infection, and oral candidiasis were associated with a higher prevalence of anaemia, whereas higher serum alanine aminotransferase level was associated with a lower prevalence of anaemia. The results suggest that the overall prevalence of anaemia at the initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV infection is high in Xinjiang, China, but severe anaemia is uncommon. Patients in China should be routinely checked for anaemia prior to combined antiretroviral therapy initiation, and healthcare providers should carefully select the appropriate first-line combined antiretroviral therapy regimens for anaemic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peierdun Mijiti
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhang Yuexin
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xinjiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Liu Min
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Maimaitili Wubuli
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xinjiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Pan Kejun
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xinjiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Urumqi, China
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