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Reigada-Rivera ML, Lozano CS, Rodilla EM, García-Sánchez A, García-Solaesa V, Toledano FL, González ID, Isidoro-García M. Polymorphisms in Human IL4, IL10, and TNF Genes Are Associated with an Increased Risk of Developing NSAID-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040605. [PMID: 35456412 PMCID: PMC9031626 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The role of genetics in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD) is unclear, with different candidates involved, such as HLA genes, genes related to leukotriene synthesis, and cytokine genes. This study aimed to determine possible associations between 22 polymorphisms in 13 cytokine genes. Methods: We included 195 patients (85 with NERD and 110 with respiratory disease who tolerate NSAIDs) and 156 controls (non-atopic individuals without a history of asthma, nasal polyposis (NP), or NSAID hypersensitivity). Genotyping was performed by sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP). Amplicons were analyzed by horizontal gel electrophoresis in 2% agarose. Results: Significant differences in allele and genotype frequency distributions were found in TNF (rs1800629), IL4 (rs2243248 and rs2243250), and IL10 (rs1800896, rs1800871, and rs1800872) genes in patients with NSAID hypersensitivity. In all cases, the minor allele and the heterozygous genotype were more prevalent in NERD. An association of TNF rs1800629 SNP with respiratory disease in NSAID-tolerant patients was also found. Conclusions: Retrospectively recorded, we found strong associations of NERD with polymorphisms in IL4, IL10, and TNF genes, suggesting that these genes could be involved in the inflammatory mechanisms underlying NERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Luisa Reigada-Rivera
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (M.L.R.-R.); (V.G.-S.); (M.I.-G.)
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca IBSAL, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (E.M.R.); (A.G.-S.); (F.L.T.)
| | - Catalina Sanz Lozano
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca IBSAL, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (E.M.R.); (A.G.-S.); (F.L.T.)
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.S.L.); (I.D.G.)
| | - Esther Moreno Rodilla
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca IBSAL, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (E.M.R.); (A.G.-S.); (F.L.T.)
- Department of Allergy, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diagnostics, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Asunción García-Sánchez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca IBSAL, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (E.M.R.); (A.G.-S.); (F.L.T.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diagnostics, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Virginia García-Solaesa
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (M.L.R.-R.); (V.G.-S.); (M.I.-G.)
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca IBSAL, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (E.M.R.); (A.G.-S.); (F.L.T.)
| | - Félix Lorente Toledano
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca IBSAL, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (E.M.R.); (A.G.-S.); (F.L.T.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diagnostics, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ignacio Dávila González
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca IBSAL, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (E.M.R.); (A.G.-S.); (F.L.T.)
- Department of Allergy, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diagnostics, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.S.L.); (I.D.G.)
| | - María Isidoro-García
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (M.L.R.-R.); (V.G.-S.); (M.I.-G.)
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca IBSAL, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (E.M.R.); (A.G.-S.); (F.L.T.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW NSAIDs are the drugs most frequently involved in hypersensitivity reactions (HSR). These are frequently prescribed at all ages. HSR are of great concern and can affect people at any age. These drugs can induce reactions by stimulating the adaptive immune system (IgE or T cell), known as selective responders or more frequently by abnormalities in biochemical pathways related with prostaglandin metabolism. These are known as cross-intolerant. With some exceptions, skin testing and in-vitro studies are of little value in selective responders. RECENT FINDINGS In the last years, several classifications have been provided based on clinical symptoms, time interval between drug intake and appearance of symptoms, response to other nonchemically related NSAIDs and the underlying disease. Based on this classification, several well differentiated categories within each group of entities cross-intolerant and selective responders are now recognized. The most complex groups for evaluation are cross-intolerant in which three major groups exist: NSAIDs exacerbated respiratory disease, NSAIDs exacerbated cutaneous disease and NSAIDs-induced urticaria/angioedema in the absence of chronic spontaneous urticaria. Within the selective responders, there are two mechanisms involved: drug-specific IgE or T-cell effector responses. New entities have been added to this classification like mixed reactions within the cross-intolerant category, that must manifest as anaphylaxis and multiple immediate selective reactions. SUMMARY The precise evaluation of patients with NSAIDs hypersensitivity following established guidelines will improve not only our understanding but also the management of these entities. As the number of patients affected with NSAIDs is important, further studies are warranted.
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Hua H, Zhang H, Kong Q, Wang J, Jiang Y. Complex roles of the old drug aspirin in cancer chemoprevention and therapy. Med Res Rev 2018; 39:114-145. [PMID: 29855050 DOI: 10.1002/med.21514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent aspirin is widely used for preventing and treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In addition, epidemiologic evidences reveal that aspirin may prevent a variety of human cancers, while data on the association between aspirin and some kinds of cancer are conflicting. Preclinical studies and clinical trials also reveal the therapeutic effect of aspirin on cancer. Although cyclooxygenase is a well-known target of aspirin, recent studies uncover other targets of aspirin and its metabolites, such as AMP-activated protein kinase, cyclin-dependent kinase, heparanase, and histone. Accumulating evidence demonstrate that aspirin may act in different cell types, such as epithelial cell, tumor cell, endothelial cell, platelet, and immune cell. Therefore, aspirin acts on diverse hallmarks of cancer, such as sustained tumor growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, inflammation, and immune evasion. In this review, we focus on recent progress in the use of aspirin for cancer chemoprevention and therapy, and integratively analyze the mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of aspirin and its metabolites. We also discuss mechanisms of aspirin resistance and describe some derivatives of aspirin, which aim to overcome the adverse effects of aspirin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Hua
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongying Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingbin Kong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangfu Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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