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Sautour M, Théry T, Divoux G, Dupont S, Beney L, Gros CP, Desbois N. Synthesis and characterization of new acid-functionalized porphyrins displaying antimicrobial activity against gram positive bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi with or without ultra-high irradiance. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 109:117810. [PMID: 38906069 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
The antimicrobial activity of new acid-functionalized porphyrins, with or without ultra-high irradiance, was investigated. Antibacterial efficacy was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-resistant or methicillin-sensitive strains) and antifungal efficacy was evaluated against the yeast Candida albicans and the filamentous fungi Aspergillus fumigatus. Overall, the porphyrins tested are more effective against S. aureus. The best results were obtained with zinc diacid porphyrins 4 and 5 after only 3 min of ultra-high irradiation (500 mW/cm2, 405 nm), demonstrating that acid-functionalized porphyrins are promising as novel antimicrobial drugs for surface disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Sautour
- Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory, University Hospital Biology Platform, Dijon University Hospital Center (CHU), 21000 Dijon, France; UMR PAM 1517, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, INRAE, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Thibaut Théry
- UMR PAM 1517, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, INRAE, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Gaëlle Divoux
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB, UMR CNRS 6302), Université de Bourgogne, 9 avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Sébastien Dupont
- UMR PAM 1517, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, INRAE, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Laurent Beney
- UMR PAM 1517, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, INRAE, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Claude P Gros
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB, UMR CNRS 6302), Université de Bourgogne, 9 avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Desbois
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB, UMR CNRS 6302), Université de Bourgogne, 9 avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France.
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Rossi GG, Tisoco I, Moreira KS, de Lima Burgo TA, de Campos MMA, Iglesias BA. Photophysical, photobiological, and mycobacteria photo-inactivation properties of new meso-tetra-cationic platinum(II) metalloderivatives at meta position. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:11-24. [PMID: 38051456 PMCID: PMC10920514 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01201-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this manuscript, we report the photo-inactivation evaluation of new tetra-cationic porphyrins with peripheral Pt(II) complexes ate meta N-pyridyl positions in the antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) of rapidly growing mycobacterial strains (RGM). Four different metalloderivatives were synthetized and applied. aPDT experiments in the strains of Mycobacteroides abscessus subsp. Abscessus (ATCC 19977), Mycolicibacterium fortuitum (ATCC 6841), Mycobacteroides abscessus subsp. Massiliense (ATCC 48898), and Mycolicibacterium smegmatis (ATCC 700084) conducted with adequate concentration of photosensitizers (PS) under white-light conditions at 90 min (irradiance of 50 mW cm-2 and a total light dosage of 270 J cm-2) showed that the Zn(II) derivative is the most effective PS significantly reduced the concentration of viable mycobacteria. The effectiveness of the molecule as PS for PDI studies is also clear with mycobacteria, which is strongly related with the porphyrin peripheral charge and coordination platinum(II) compounds and consequently about the presence of metal center ion. This class of PS may be promising antimycobacterial aPDT agents with potential applications in medical clinical cases and bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazielle Guidolin Rossi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Mycobacteriology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Isadora Tisoco
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Porphyrinic Materials, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Kelly Schneider Moreira
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Porphyrinic Materials, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Ibilce, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São Jose Do Rio Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Thiago Augusto de Lima Burgo
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Ibilce, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São Jose Do Rio Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | - Marli Matiko Anraku de Campos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Mycobacteriology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Almeida Iglesias
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Porphyrinic Materials, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Abbas G, Alibrahim F, Kankouni R, Al-Belushi S, Al-Mutairi DA, Tovmasyan A, Batinic-Haberle I, Benov L. Effect of the nature of the chelated metal on the photodynamic activity of metalloporphyrins. Free Radic Res 2023; 57:487-499. [PMID: 38035627 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2023.2288997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Coordination of metal ions by the tetrapyrrolic macrocyclic ring of porphyrin-based photosensitizers (PSs) affects their photophysical properties and consequently, their photodynamic activity. Diamagnetic metals increase the singlet oxygen quantum yield while paramagnetic metals have the opposite effect. Since singlet oxygen is considered the main cell-damaging species in photodynamic therapy (PDT), the nature of the chelated cation would directly affect PDT efficacy. This expectation, however, is not always supported by experimental results and numerous exceptions have been reported. Understanding the effect of the chelated metal is hindered because different chelators were used. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of the nature of chelated cation on the photophysical and photodynamic properties of metalloporphyrins, using the same tetrapyrrole core as a chelator of Ag(II), Cu(II), Fe(III), In(III), Mn(III), or Zn(II). Results demonstrated that with the exception of Ag(II), all paramagnetic metalloporphyrins were inefficient as generators of singlet oxygen and did not act as PSs. In contrast, the coordination of diamagnetic ions produced highly efficient PSs. The unexpected photodynamic activity of the Ag(II)-containing porphyrin was attributed to reduction of the chelated Ag(II) to Ag(I) or to demetallation of the complex, caused by cellular reductants and/or by exposure to light. Our results indicate that in biological systems, where PSs localize to various organelles and are subjected to the action of enzymes, reactive metabolites, and reducing or oxidizing agents, their physicochemical and photosensitizing properties change. Consequently, the photophysical properties alone cannot predict the anticancer efficacy of a PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadeer Abbas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Fatemah Alibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Rawan Kankouni
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Sara Al-Belushi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Dalal A Al-Mutairi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Artak Tovmasyan
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ludmil Benov
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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Yuan Y, Liu Q, Huang Y, Qi M, Yan H, Li W, Zhuang H. Antibacterial Efficacy and Mechanisms of Curcumin-Based Photodynamic Treatment against Staphylococcus aureus and Its Application in Juices. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27207136. [PMID: 36296729 PMCID: PMC9612228 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Treatment (aPDT) is a non-thermal sterilization technology, which can inactivate common foodborne pathogens. In the present study, photodynamic inactivation on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) with different concentrations of curcumin and light dose was evaluated and the mechanisms were also investigated. The results showed that curcumin-based aPDT could inactivate S. aureus cells by 6.9 log CFU/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Moreover, the modified Gompertz model presented a good fit at the inactivation data of S. aureus. Photodynamic treatment caused cell membrane damage as revealed by analyzing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Leakage of intracellular constituents further indicated that cell membrane permeability was changed. Flow cytometry with double staining demonstrated that cell membrane integrity and the activity of nonspecific esterase were destroyed. Compared with the control group, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels caused by photodynamic treatment significantly increased. Furthermore, curcumin-based aPDT reduced S. aureus by 5 log CFU/mL in juices. The color of the juices was also tested using a Chromatic meter, and it was found that b* values were the most markedly influenced by photodynamic treatment. Overall, curcumin-based aPDT had strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus. This approach has the potential to remove foodborne pathogens from liquid food.
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Chen Y, Zhang M, Chen L, Pan M, Qin M, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Pan H, Zhou Y. Self-organization of zinc ions with a photosensitizer in vivo for enhanced antibiofilm and infected wound healing. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:7837-7848. [PMID: 35583070 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01404a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial materials have been developed to combat bacteria more effectively and promote infected wound healing. However, it is widely recognized that the potential toxic effects and complexity of the synthesis process hinder their practical applications. In this work, we introduced a strategy for fighting bacteria and promoting wound healing caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) infection by the self-combination of Zn2+ and clinically applied 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (ALA) in the microbes. The clinical ALA could target and accumulate in the biofilm as well as contribute to the low-dose Zn2+ penetrating the biofilm due to the self-organized formation of Zn protoporphyrin IX in situ. Upon exposing to a 635 nm laser, the self-combination of ALA and Zn2+ significantly inhibited and eliminated the S. epidermidis biofilm via a synergistic biofilm eradication mechanism that enhanced photodynamic inactivation and aggravated cell wall/membrane disruption. In addition, the combination of ALA and Zn2+ could accelerate wound repair and reduce inflammatory response without causing cytotoxicity. The proposed strategy in this study illustrates the clinical prospects of eradicating biofilms and repairing infected wounds and demonstrates good biocompatibility towards infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, P. R. China.
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325035, P. R. China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325001, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, P. R. China.
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325035, P. R. China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325001, P. R. China
| | - Likai Chen
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, P. R. China.
| | - Mengmeng Pan
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325035, P. R. China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325001, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Qin
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325035, P. R. China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325001, P. R. China
| | - Yanqiu Guo
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325035, P. R. China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325001, P. R. China
| | - Yaobo Zhang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325035, P. R. China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325001, P. R. China
| | - Hao Pan
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, P. R. China.
| | - Yunlong Zhou
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, P. R. China.
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325035, P. R. China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325001, P. R. China
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Wysocki M, Czarczynska-Goslinska B, Ziental D, Michalak M, Güzel E, Sobotta L. Excited state and reactive oxygen species against cancer and pathogens: a review on sonodynamic and sono-photodynamic therapy. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200185. [PMID: 35507015 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy are therapies having great potential in the treatment of bacterial infections and cancer. Their background is associated with photo- and sonosensitizers - substances that can be excited when exposed to light or ultrasound. These sensitizers belong to a variety of compounds groups, including porphyrins, porphyrazines, and phthalocyanines. Releasing the energy when returning to the ground state can occur in the manner of transferring it to oxygen molecules, leading to reactive oxygen species able to disrupt membranes of bacterial and cancer cells, leaving the organism's cells unaffected. In recent years, the number of reports on numerous sensitizers being effective has been constantly growing. Therefore, the development of this field may prove beneficial for dealing with cancer and microbes. This review describes the development of photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy, as well as their combination, with emphasize on sonodynamic therapy and its potential in the treatment of cancer and bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Wysocki
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Pharmacy: Uniwersytet Medyczny im Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu Wydzial Farmaceutyczny, Chair and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, POLAND
| | - Beata Czarczynska-Goslinska
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Pharmacy: Uniwersytet Medyczny im Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu Wydzial Farmaceutyczny, Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, POLAND
| | - Daniel Ziental
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Pharmacy: Uniwersytet Medyczny im Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu Wydzial Farmaceutyczny, Chair and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, POLAND
| | - Maciej Michalak
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Pharmacy: Uniwersytet Medyczny im Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu Wydzial Farmaceutyczny, Chair and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, POLAND
| | - Emre Güzel
- Sakarya Uygulamali Bilimler Universitesi, Department of Engineering Fundamental Sciences, TURKEY
| | - Lukasz Sobotta
- Uniwersytet Medyczny imienia Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Grunwaldzka 6, 60780, Poznan, POLAND
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Souza TH, Sarmento-Neto JF, Souza SO, Raposo BL, Silva BP, Borges CP, Santos BS, Cabral Filho PE, Rebouças JS, Fontes A. Advances on antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation mediated by Zn(II) porphyrins. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C: PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2021.100454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Maldonado-Carmona N, Ouk TS, Leroy-Lhez S. Latest trends on photodynamic disinfection of Gram-negative bacteria: photosensitizer's structure and delivery systems. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 21:113-145. [PMID: 34784052 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00128-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is threatening to overshadow last century's medical advances. Etiological agents of previously eradicated infectious diseases are now resurgent as multidrug-resistant strains, especially for Gram-negative strains. Finding new therapeutic solutions is a real challenge for our society. In this framework, Photodynamic Antimicrobial ChemoTherapy relies on the generation of toxic reactive oxygen species in the presence of light, oxygen, and a photosensitizer molecule. The use of reactive oxygen species is common for disinfection processes, using chemical agents, such as chlorine and hydrogen peroxide, and as they do not have a specific molecular target, it decreases the potential of tolerance to the antimicrobial treatment. However, light-driven generated reactive species result in an interesting alternative, as reactive species generation can be easily tuned with light irradiation and several PSs are known for their low environmental impact. Over the past few years, this topic has been thoroughly studied, exploring strategies based on single-molecule PSs (tetrapyrrolic compounds, dipyrrinate derivatives, metal complexes, etc.) or on conjunction with delivery systems. The present work describes some of the most relevant advances of the last 6 years, focusing on photosensitizers design, formulation, and potentiation, aiming for the disinfection of Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidia Maldonado-Carmona
- PEIRENE Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Limoges, 87060, Limoges, France.,Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra Chemistry Center, University of Coimbra, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tan-Sothea Ouk
- PEIRENE Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Limoges, 87060, Limoges, France
| | - Stéphanie Leroy-Lhez
- PEIRENE Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Limoges, 87060, Limoges, France.
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Antibacterial Activity of Synthetic Cationic Iron Porphyrins. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9100972. [PMID: 33050461 PMCID: PMC7601463 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Widespread antibiotic resistance demands new strategies for fighting infections. Porphyrin-based compounds were long ago introduced as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy, but light-independent antimicrobial activity of such compounds has not been systematically explored. The results of this study demonstrate that synthetic cationic amphiphilic iron N-alkylpyridylporphyrins exert strong bactericidal action at concentrations as low as 5 μM. Iron porphyrin, FeTnHex-2-PyP, which is well tolerated by laboratory animals, efficiently killed Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms. Its bactericidal activity was oxygen-independent and was controlled by the lipophilicity and accumulation of the compound in bacterial cells. Such behavior is in contrast with the anionic gallium protoporphyrin IX, whose efficacy depends on cellular heme uptake systems. Under aerobic conditions, however, the activity of FeTnHex-2-PyP was limited by its destruction due to redox-cycling. Neither iron released from the Fe-porphyrin nor other decomposition products were the cause of the bactericidal activity. FeTnHex-2-PyP was as efficient against antibiotic-sensitive E. coli and S. aureus as against their antibiotic-resistant counterparts. Our data demonstrate that development of amphiphilic, positively charged metalloporphyrins might be a promising approach in the introduction of new weapons against antibiotic-resistant strains.
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Loginova NV, Harbatsevich HI, Osipovich NP, Ksendzova GA, Koval’chuk TV, Polozov GI. Metal Complexes as Promising Agents for Biomedical Applications. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:5213-5249. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190417143533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background::
In this review article, a brief overview of novel metallotherapeutic agents
(with an emphasis on the complexes of essential biometals) promising for medical application is
presented. We have also focused on the recent work carried out by our research team, specifically
the development of redox-active antimicrobial complexes of sterically hindered diphenols with some
essential biometals (copper, zinc, nickel).
Results::
The complexes of essential metals (manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc) described
in the review show diverse in vitro biological activities, ranging from antimicrobial and antiinflammatory
to antiproliferative and enzyme inhibitory. It is necessary to emphasize that the type of
organic ligands in these metal complexes seems to be responsible for their pharmacological
activities. In the last decades, there has been a significant interest in synthesis and biological
evaluation of metal complexes with redox-active ligands. A substantial step in the development of
these redox-active agents is the study of their physicochemical and biological properties, including
investigations in vitro of model enzyme systems, which can provide evidence on a plausible
mechanism underlying the pharmacological activity. When considering the peculiarities of the
pharmacological activity of the sterically hindered diphenol derivatives and their nickel(II),
copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes synthesized, we took into account the following: (i) all these
compounds are potential antioxidants and (ii) their antimicrobial activity possibly results from their
ability to affect the electron-transport chain.
Conclusion::
We obtained novel data demonstrating that the level of antibacterial and antifungal
activity in the series of the above-mentioned metal-based antimicrobials depends not only on the
nature of the phenolic ligands and complexing metal ions, but also on the lipophilicity and reducing
ability of the ligands and metal complexes, specifically regarding the potential biotargets of their
antimicrobial action – ferricytochrome c and the superoxide anion radical. The combination of
antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activity allows one to consider these compounds as
promising substances for developing therapeutic agents with a broad spectrum of activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nikolai P. Osipovich
- Research Institute for Physico-Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Galina A. Ksendzova
- Research Institute for Physico-Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
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In Vitro Anti-Leishmanial Effect of Metallic Meso-Substituted Porphyrin Derivatives against Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania panamensis Promastigotes Properties. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081887. [PMID: 32325815 PMCID: PMC7221524 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a family of porphyrins based on 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(4-ethylphenyl)porphyrin (1, Ph) and six metallo-derivatives (Zn2+(2, Ph-Zn), Sn4+(3, Ph-Sn), Mn2+ (4, Ph-Mn), Ni2+ (5, Ph-Ni), Al3+ (6, Ph-Al), and V3+ (7, Ph-V)) were tested as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy against Leishmania braziliensis and panamensis. The singlet oxygen quantum yield value (ΦΔ) for (1–7) was measured using 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) as a singlet oxygen trapping agent and 5,10,15,20-(tetraphenyl)-porphyrin (H2TPP) as a reference standard; besides, parasite viability was estimated by the MTT assay. After metal insertion into the porphyrin core, the ΦΔ increased from 0.76–0.90 and cell viability changed considerably. The ΦΔ and metal type changed the cytotoxic activity. Finally, (2) showed both the highest ΦΔ (0.90) and the best photodynamic activity against the parasites studied (IC50 of 1.2 μM).
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Gradova MA, Gradov OV, Zhdanova KA, Bragina NA, Lobanov AV. Self-assembly of amphiphilic meso-aryl-substituted porphyrin derivatives in the presence of surfactants. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s108842461950175x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Surfactant-assisted self-assembly of porphyrin molecules in aqueous solutions sometimes leads to the formation of hybrid supramolecular structures with unusual photophysical properties resulting from the dipole–dipole interactions between the neighboring aromatic systems. The macrocycle orientation and interchromophore distance in such assemblies are determined by the dye–surfactant interactions, and hence, strongly depend on the molecular structure of both surfactant and porphyrin molecules. In this paper we studied the influence of the number and position of the peripheral alkyl chains of amphiphilic meso-aryl-substituted porphyrins on their aggregation behavior and intermolecular interactions with different surfactants in aqueous solutions. The studies revealed a crucial role of the local acidity on the micellar surface in the protolytic equilibrium of the porphyrin derivatives, as well as the influence of the macrocycle hydrophilic–lipophilic balance on its solubilization site within a micellar system. These findings enable prediction of the photophysical properties of amphiphilic porphyrin derivatives in the presence of different solubilizing agents and membrane-mimetic systems, and hence, selection the most suitable drug delivery systems for the novel amphiphilic porphyrin-based photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A. Gradova
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin Street 4, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Oleg V. Gradov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin Street 4, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Kseniya A. Zhdanova
- MIREA — Russian Technological University, Vernadsky Prospect 86, Moscow, 119571, Russia
| | - Natalya A. Bragina
- MIREA — Russian Technological University, Vernadsky Prospect 86, Moscow, 119571, Russia
| | - Anton V. Lobanov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin Street 4, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Morici P, Battisti A, Tortora G, Menciassi A, Checcucci G, Ghetti F, Sgarbossa A. The in vitro Photoinactivation of Helicobacter pylori by a Novel LED-Based Device. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:283. [PMID: 32153551 PMCID: PMC7047934 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise of antibiotic resistance is the main cause for the failure of conventional antibiotic therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection, which is often associated with severe gastric diseases, including gastric cancer. In the last years, alternative non-pharmacological approaches have been considered in the treatment of H. pylori infection. Among these, antimicrobial PhotoDynamic Therapy (aPDT), a light-based treatment able to photoinactivate a wide range of bacteria, viruses, fungal and protozoan parasites, could represent a promising therapeutic strategy. In the case of H. pylori, aPDT can exploit photoactive endogenous porphyrins, such as protoporphyrin IX and coproporphyrin I and III, to induce photokilling, without any other exogenous photosensitizers. With the aim of developing an ingestible LED-based robotic pill for minimally invasive intragastric treatment of H. pylori infection, it is crucial to determine the best illumination parameters to activate the endogenous photosensitizers. In this study the photokilling effect on H. pylori has been evaluated by using a novel LED-based device, designed for testing the appropriate LEDs for the pill and suitable to perform in vitro irradiation experiments. Exposure to visible light induced bacterial photokilling most effectively at 405 nm and 460 nm. Sub-lethal light dose at 405 nm caused morphological changes on bacterial surface indicating the cell wall as one of the main targets of photodamage. For the first time endogenous photosensitizing molecules other than porphyrins, such as flavins, have been suggested to be involved in the 460 nm H. pylori photoinactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Morici
- Nanoscience Institute, CNR and NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella Battisti
- Nanoscience Institute, CNR and NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tortora
- The BioRobotics Institute, Polo Sant'Anna Valdera, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera, Italy
| | - Arianna Menciassi
- The BioRobotics Institute, Polo Sant'Anna Valdera, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera, Italy
| | - Giovanni Checcucci
- Nanoscience Institute, CNR and NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Ghetti
- Nanoscience Institute, CNR and NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
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Zhou K, Tian R, Li G, Qiu X, Xu L, Guo M, Chigan D, Zhang Y, Chen X, He G. Cationic Chalcogenoviologen Derivatives for Photodynamic Antimicrobial Therapy and Skin Regeneration. Chemistry 2019; 25:13472-13478. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhou
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Ran Tian
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyShaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process IntensificationInstitute of Polymer Science in Chemical EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Guoping Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Xinyu Qiu
- Center for Tissue Engineering, School of StomatologyFourth Military Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710032 China
| | - Letian Xu
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Mengying Guo
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Dongdong Chigan
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyShaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process IntensificationInstitute of Polymer Science in Chemical EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
| | - Gang He
- Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresXi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710054 China
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Glueck M, Hamminger C, Fefer M, Liu J, Plaetzer K. Save the crop: Photodynamic Inactivation of plant pathogens I: bacteria. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:1700-1708. [PMID: 31214675 DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00128j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ever growing world-population poses challenges concerning the need for more food free of pesticide residues. The most common means to control plant pathogens is through the application of pesticides, which raises concerns over safety for humans and the environment. Recently, Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI) of microorganisms using natural photosensitizers has shown itself to be a powerful tool to combat bacteria and fungi. This study investigates the efficacy of PDI against the Gram(+) bacterial plant pathogen Rhodococcus fascians and Gram(-) Xanthomonas axonopodis and Erwinia amylovora using two chlorin e6 derivatives as photosensitizers: anionic sodium magnesium chlorophyllin (Chl, approved as food additive E140) in combination with cell wall permeabilizing agents (Na2EDTA or Polyaspartic acid sodium salt (PA)) and B17-0024, a mixture of chlorin e6 derivatives with cationic moieties at physiological pH. Both photosensitizers show excellent efficacy against R. fascians, whereby B17-0024 is phototoxic at a one order of magnitude lower concentration than Chl (10 μM B17-0024: relative inactivation (r.i.) >7.5 × 106, 100 μM Chl: r.i. 2.2 × 106, illumination with 26.6 J cm-2, 395 nm). The phototreatment of Gram(-) bacteria with Chl requires the obligatory use of cell wall permeabilizing agents like Na2EDTA (X. axonopodis) or PA (E. amylovora) to induce significant killing (more than 7 log units at 100 μM). On the other hand, B17-0024 proves to be a highly effective photosensitizer inducing bacterial inactivation at very low concentrations (10 μM for R. fascians and X. axonopodis, 100 μM for E. amylovora) without additives. In summary, PDI using both the natural photosensitizer Chl in combination with cell wall permeabilizing agents is effective and environmentally friendly. As an alternative, B17-0024 is highly photoactive against all model strains tested - even without cell wall permeabilizing agents. The photodynamic approach based on chlorin e6 derivatives should add to the growers' toolbox as a preferred alternative for the control of phytopathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Glueck
- Laboratory of Photodynamic Inactivation of Microorganisms, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstr. 34, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Christoph Hamminger
- Laboratory of Photodynamic Inactivation of Microorganisms, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstr. 34, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Michael Fefer
- Suncor AgroScience, 2489 North Sheridan Way, Mississauga Ontario, L5K1A8, Canada
| | - Jun Liu
- Suncor AgroScience, 2489 North Sheridan Way, Mississauga Ontario, L5K1A8, Canada
| | - Kristjan Plaetzer
- Laboratory of Photodynamic Inactivation of Microorganisms, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstr. 34, Salzburg, Austria.
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Rezazgui O, Marchand G, Trouillas P, Siegler B, Leroy-Lhez S. Synthesis and Studies of New Fluorescein-Porphyrin Dyads: A Theoretical and Experimental Approach. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Rezazgui
- PEIRENE - EA7500; Univ. Limoges, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas; 87060 Limoges France
| | - Guillaume Marchand
- PEIRENE - EA7500; Univ. Limoges, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas; 87060 Limoges France
| | - Patrick Trouillas
- INSERM UMR 1248; Univ. Limoges, Faculté de Pharmacie, Bât CBRS, 2 rue du Docteur Marcland; 87025 Limoges Cedex, France
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacký University, tř. 17 listopadu 12; 771 46 Olomouc Czech Republic
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17
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Liu D, Li L, Chen J, Chen Z, Jiang L, Yuan C, Huang M. Dissociation of zinc phthalocyanine aggregation on bacterial surface is key for photodynamic antimicrobial effect. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424618500888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is an effective mean for killing bacteria in this era of increasing multi-antibiotic resistance, and possesses a number of unique advantages. Much effort has been devoted to the development a key component of aPDT photosensitizers (PSs). We synthesized a series of PSs with different positive charges (ZnPc(Lys)[Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] 3, 5, 7, and studied their antibacterial activities and mechanisms against Escherichia coli (E. coli). Interestingly, the ZnPc(Lys)[Formula: see text] derivative showed stronger antibacterial effect (MIC = 25.3 [Formula: see text]M) than the other two PSs (MICs = 50.6 [Formula: see text]M), even though this PS did not have the highest uptake on bacteria among these PSs. It was ZnPc(Lys)[Formula: see text] that possessed the highest bacterial uptake. ZnPc(Lys)[Formula: see text] was found to have the highest monomeric fractions (62.0%) on bacteria surface than the other two PSs (37.9% for [Formula: see text] 3 and 33.9% [Formula: see text] = 7). These results clearly demonstrate that PS conformation on bacterial surface as a key parameter determining antibacterial efficacy of PSs. Other mechanistic aspects of photodynamic effects, including PS binding kinetics, bacterial surface hydrophobicity, zeta potential of bacteria, membrane permeability and bacterial signaling pathways were also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Linsen Li
- Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Jincan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | | | - Cai Yuan
- Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingdong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
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18
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Al-Mutairi R, Tovmasyan A, Batinic-Haberle I, Benov L. Sublethal Photodynamic Treatment Does Not Lead to Development of Resistance. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1699. [PMID: 30108561 PMCID: PMC6079231 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A promising new alternative approach for eradication of antibiotic-resistant strains is to expose microbes to photosensitizers, which upon illumination generate reactive oxygen species. Among the requirements for a potent, medically applicable photosensitizer, are high efficacy in killing microbes and low toxicity to the host. Since photodynamic treatment is based on production of reactive species which are potentially DNA damaging and mutagenic, it might be expected that under selective pressure, microbes would develop resistance. The aim of this study was to determine if antibacterial photodynamic treatment with a highly photoefficient photosensitizer, Zn(II) meso-tetrakis(N-n-hexylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin would lead to development of resistance. To answer that question, bacterial cultures were subjected to multiple cycles of sublethal photodynamic stress and regrowth, and to continuous growth under photodynamic exposure. Antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli clinical isolates were also tested for susceptibility to photodynamic inactivation and for development of resistance. Results demonstrated that multiple photodynamic exposures and regrowth of surviving cells or continuous growth under sublethal photodynamic conditions, did not lead to development of resistance to photosensitizers or to antibiotics. Antibiotic-resistant E. coli and S. aureus were as sensitive to photodynamic killing as were their antibiotic-sensitive counterparts and no changes in their sensitivity to antibiotics or to photodynamic inactivation after multiple cycles of photodynamic treatment and regrowth were observed. In conclusion, photosensitizers with high photodynamic antimicrobial efficiency can be used successfully for eradication of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains without causing development of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawan Al-Mutairi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Artak Tovmasyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ludmil Benov
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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Andrade CG, Figueiredo RCBQ, Ribeiro KRC, Souza LIO, Sarmento-Neto JF, Rebouças JS, Santos BS, Ribeiro MS, Carvalho LB, Fontes A. Photodynamic effect of zinc porphyrin on the promastigote and amastigote forms ofLeishmania braziliensis. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 17:482-490. [DOI: 10.1039/c7pp00458c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Zn(ii)meso-tetrakis(N-ethylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin was applied in the photodynamic inactivation ofLeishmania braziliensis, leading to considerable cell damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. G. Andrade
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
- Recife
- Brazil
| | - R. C. B. Q. Figueiredo
- Departamento de Microbiologia
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães – Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IAM-FIOCRUZ)
- Recife
- Brazil
| | - K. R. C. Ribeiro
- Departamento de Parasitologia
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães – Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IAM-FIOCRUZ)
- Recife
- Brazil
| | - L. I. O. Souza
- Departamento de Microbiologia
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães – Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IAM-FIOCRUZ)
- Recife
- Brazil
| | | | - J. S. Rebouças
- Departamento de Química
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba
- João Pessoa
- Brazil
| | - B. S. Santos
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
- Recife
- Brazil
| | - M. S. Ribeiro
- Centro de Lasers e Aplicações
- IPEN-CNEN/SP
- São Paulo
- Brazil
| | - L. B. Carvalho
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
- Recife
- Brazil
| | - A. Fontes
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
- Recife
- Brazil
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Post-illumination cellular effects of photodynamic treatment. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188535. [PMID: 29200431 PMCID: PMC5714340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased interest in clinical application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in various medical fields poses a demand for better understanding of processes triggered by photo-treatment. Most of the work on PDT performed so far has focused on the immediate effects of photo-treatment. It is generally accepted that cellular damage occurs during light exposure and within a short period thereafter. If cells are not killed during the PDT, they might recover, depending on the extent of the photo-induced damage. Little is known, however, about the relationship between the properties of photosensitizers (PSs) and the delayed consequences of PDT. The aim of this work was to investigate cellular responses to sub-lethal photodynamic treatment and how toxicogenic potency may be affected by molecular features of the PS. Results demonstrated that for cationic porphyrin-based PSs, lipophilicity is the main factor determining the fate of the cells in the 24-hour post-illumination period. PSs with amphiphilic properties initiated oxidative reactions that continued in the dark, long after light exposure, and caused suppression of metabolism and loss of cell viability with concomitant changes in electrophoretic mobility of proteins, including caspases. Apoptotic activity was not stimulated in the post-illumination period. This study demonstrated that in PDT mediated by amphiphilic cationic metalloporphyrin PSs, even when immediate photo-damage is relatively mild, destructive oxidative processes initiated during PDT continue in the absence of light to substantially impair metabolism, and that post-illumination protein modification may modify utilization of cell death pathways.
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21
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Alenezi K, Tovmasyan A, Batinic-Haberle I, Benov LT. Optimizing Zn porphyrin-based photosensitizers for efficient antibacterial photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 17:154-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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22
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Moghnie S, Tovmasyan A, Craik J, Batinic-Haberle I, Benov L. Cationic amphiphilic Zn-porphyrin with high antifungal photodynamic potency. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2017; 16:1709-1716. [DOI: 10.1039/c7pp00143f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic, cationic, water soluble Zn-porphyrins with six-carbon aliphatic chains attached to four pyridyl nitrogens atmesopositions of the porphyrin ring displayed high antifungal photo-efficiency and minimal dark toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Moghnie
- Department of Biochemistry
- Faculty of Medicine
- Kuwait University
- Safat 13110
- Kuwait
| | - Artak Tovmasyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- Duke University Medical Center
- Durham
- USA
| | - James Craik
- Department of Biochemistry
- Faculty of Medicine
- Kuwait University
- Safat 13110
- Kuwait
| | | | - Ludmil Benov
- Department of Biochemistry
- Faculty of Medicine
- Kuwait University
- Safat 13110
- Kuwait
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Awad MM, Tovmasyan A, Craik JD, Batinic-Haberle I, Benov LT. Important cellular targets for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:7679-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7632-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Mn Porphyrin-Based Redox-Active Therapeutics. OXIDATIVE STRESS IN APPLIED BASIC RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-30705-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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25
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Tovmasyan A, Maia CGC, Weitner T, Carballal S, Sampaio RS, Lieb D, Ghazaryan R, Ivanovic-Burmazovic I, Ferrer-Sueta G, Radi R, Reboucas JS, Spasojevic I, Benov L, Batinic-Haberle I. A comprehensive evaluation of catalase-like activity of different classes of redox-active therapeutics. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 86:308-21. [PMID: 26026699 PMCID: PMC4554972 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Because of the increased insight into the biological role of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under physiological and pathological conditions and the role it presumably plays in the action of natural and synthetic redox-active drugs, there is a need to accurately define the type and magnitude of reactions that may occur with this intriguing and key species of redoxome. Historically, and frequently incorrectly, the impact of catalase-like activity has been assigned to play a major role in the action of many redox-active drugs, mostly SOD mimics and peroxynitrite scavengers, and in particular MnTBAP(3-) and Mn salen derivatives. The advantage of one redox-active compound over another has often been assigned to the differences in catalase-like activity. Our studies provide substantial evidence that Mn(III) N-alkylpyridylporphyrins couple with H2O2 in actions other than catalase-related. Herein we have assessed the catalase-like activities of different classes of compounds: Mn porphyrins (MnPs), Fe porphyrins (FePs), Mn(III) salen (EUK-8), and Mn(II) cyclic polyamines (SOD-active M40403 and SOD-inactive M40404). Nitroxide (tempol), nitrone (NXY-059), ebselen, and MnCl2, which have not been reported as catalase mimics, were used as negative controls, while catalase enzyme was a positive control. The dismutation of H2O2 to O2 and H2O was followed via measuring oxygen evolved with a Clark oxygen electrode at 25°C. The catalase enzyme was found to have kcat(H2O2)=1.5×10(6)M(-1) s(-1). The yield of dismutation, i.e., the maximal amount of O2 evolved, was assessed also. The magnitude of the yield reflects an interplay between the kcat(H2O2) and the stability of compounds toward H2O2-driven oxidative degradation, and is thus an accurate measure of the efficacy of a catalyst. The kcat(H2O2) values for 12 cationic Mn(III) N-substituted (alkyl and alkoxyalkyl) pyridylporphyrin-based SOD mimics and Mn(III) N,N'-dialkylimidazolium porphyrin, MnTDE-2-ImP(5+), ranged from 23 to 88M(-1) s(-1). The analogous Fe(III) N-alkylpyridylporphyrins showed ~10-fold higher activity than the corresponding MnPs, but the values of kcat(H2O2) are still ~4 orders of magnitude lower than that of the enzyme. While the kcat(H2O2) values for Fe ethyl and n-octyl analogs were 803.5 and 368.4M(-1) s(-1), respectively, the FePs are more prone to H2O2-driven oxidative degradation, therefore allowing for similar yields in H2O2 dismutation as analogous MnPs. The kcat(H2O2) values are dependent on the electron deficiency of the metal site as it controls the peroxide binding in the first step of the dismutation process. SOD-like activities depend on electron deficiency of the metal site also, as it controls the first step of O2(●-) dismutation. In turn, the kcat(O2(●-)) parallels the kcat(H2O2). Therefore, the electron-rich anionic non-SOD mimic MnTBAP(3-) has essentially very low catalase-like activity, kcat(H2O2)=5.8M(-1) s(-1). The catalase-like activities of Mn(III) and Fe(III) porphyrins are at most, 0.0004 and 0.05% of the enzyme activity, respectively. The kcat(H2O2) values of 8.2 and 6.5M(-1) s(-1) were determined for electron-rich Mn(II) cyclic polyamine-based compounds, M40403 and M40404, respectively. The EUK-8, with modest SOD-like activity, has only slightly higher kcat(H2O2)=13.5M(-1) s(-1). The biological relevance of kcat(H2O2) of MnTE-2-PyP(5+), MnTDE-2-ImP(5+), MnTBAP(3-), FeTE-2-PyP(5+), M40403, M40404, and Mn salen was evaluated in wild-type and peroxidase/catalase-deficient E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artak Tovmasyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Clarissa G C Maia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Departamento de Quimica, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Tin Weitner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sebastián Carballal
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Romulo S Sampaio
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Departamento de Quimica, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Dominik Lieb
- Friedrich-Alexander Universitat, Erlangen-Nurnberg, Germany
| | - Robert Ghazaryan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yerevan State Medical University, Armenia
| | | | - Gerardo Ferrer-Sueta
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rafael Radi
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Julio S Reboucas
- Departamento de Quimica, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Ivan Spasojevic
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Cancer Institute, Pharmaceutical Research Shared Resource, PK/PD Core Laboratory, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ludmil Benov
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Batinic-Haberle I, Tovmasyan A, Spasojevic I. An educational overview of the chemistry, biochemistry and therapeutic aspects of Mn porphyrins--From superoxide dismutation to H2O2-driven pathways. Redox Biol 2015; 5:43-65. [PMID: 25827425 PMCID: PMC4392060 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the SOD mimics thus far developed belong to the classes of Mn-(MnPs) and Fe porphyrins(FePs), Mn(III) salens, Mn(II) cyclic polyamines and metal salts. Due to their remarkable stability we have predominantly explored Mn porphyrins, aiming initially at mimicking kinetics and thermodynamics of the catalysis of O2(-) dismutation by SOD enzymes. Several MnPs are of potency similar to SOD enzymes. The in vivo bioavailability and toxicity of MnPs have been addressed also. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies indicate their impressive therapeutic efficacy. Increasing insight into complex cellular redox biology has been accompanied by increasing awareness of complex redox chemistry of MnPs. During O2(-) dismutation process, the most powerful Mn porphyrin-based SOD mimics reduce and oxidize O2(-) with close to identical rate constants. MnPs reduce and oxidize other reactive species also (none of them specific to MnPs), acting as reductants (antioxidant) and pro-oxidants. Distinction must be made between the type of reactions of MnPs and the favorable therapeutic effects we observe; the latter may be of either anti- or pro-oxidative nature. H2O2/MnP mediated oxidation of protein thiols and its impact on cellular transcription seems to dominate redox biology of MnPs. It has been thus far demonstrated that the ability of MnPs to catalyze O2(-) dismutation parallels all other reactivities (such as ONOO(-) reduction) and in turn their therapeutic efficacies. Assuming that all diseases have in common the perturbation of cellular redox environment, developing SOD mimics still seems to be the appropriate strategy for the design of potent redox-active therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Artak Tovmasyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ivan Spasojevic
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; PK/PD BioAnalytical Duke Cancer Institute Shared Resource, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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