1
|
Reginelli A, Del Canto M, Clemente A, Gragnano E, Cioce F, Urraro F, Martinelli E, Cappabianca S. The Role of Dual-Energy CT for the Assessment of Liver Metastasis Response to Treatment: Above the RECIST 1.1 Criteria. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12030879. [PMID: 36769527 PMCID: PMC9917684 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12030879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Imaging assessment of liver lesions is fundamental to predict therapeutic response and improve patient survival rates. Dual-Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) is an increasingly used technique in the oncologic field with many emerging applications. The assessment of iodine concentration within a liver lesion reflects the biological properties of the tumor and provides additional information to radiologists that is normally invisible to the human eye. The possibility to predict tumor aggressiveness and therapeutic response based on quantitative and reproducible parameters obtainable from DECT images could improve clinical decisions and drive oncologists to choose the best therapy according to metastasis biological features. Moreover, in comparison with standard dimensional criteria, DECT provides further data on the cancer microenvironment, especially for patients treated with antiangiogenic-based drugs, in which tumor shrinkage is a late parameter of response. We investigated the predictive role of DECT in the early assessment of liver metastasis response to treatment in comparison with standard dimensional criteria during antiangiogenetic-based therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Reginelli
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Del Canto
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Clemente
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-08-1566-5200
| | - Eduardo Gragnano
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Cioce
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Urraro
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Erika Martinelli
- Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cappabianca
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Reginelli A, Clemente A, Sangiovanni A, Nardone V, Selvaggi F, Sciaudone G, Ciardiello F, Martinelli E, Grassi R, Cappabianca S. Endorectal Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Rectal Cancer Staging: A Modern Multimodality Approach. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10040641. [PMID: 33567516 PMCID: PMC7915333 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10040641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Preoperative staging represents a crucial point for the management, type of surgery, and candidacy for neoadjuvant therapy in patient with rectal cancer. The most recent clinical guidelines in oncology recommend an accurate preoperative evaluation in order to address early and advanced tumors to different therapeutic options. In particular, potential pitfalls may occur in the assessment of T3 tumors, which represents the most common stage at diagnosis. The depth of tumor invasion is known to be an important prognostic factor in rectal carcinoma; as a consequence, the T3 imaging classification has a substantial importance for treatment strategy and patient survival. However, the differentiation between tumor invasion of perirectal fat and mesorectal desmoplastic reactions remains a main goal for radiologists. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is actually considered as the best imaging modality for rectal cancer staging. Although the endorectal ultrasound (ERUS) is the preferred staging method for early tumors, it could also be useful in identifying perirectal fat invasion. Moreover, the addiction of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) improves the diagnostic performance of MRI in rectal cancer staging by adding functional information about rectal tumor and adjacent mesorectal tissues. This study investigated the diagnostic performance of conventional MRI alone, in combination with the DWI technique and ERUS in order to assess the best diagnostic imaging combination for rectal cancer staging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Reginelli
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.R.); (A.S.); (R.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Alfredo Clemente
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.R.); (A.S.); (R.G.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0815665200
| | - Angelo Sangiovanni
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.R.); (A.S.); (R.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Valerio Nardone
- Unit of Radiation Oncology, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy;
| | - Francesco Selvaggi
- Colorectal Surgery, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Guido Sciaudone
- Colorectal Surgery, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Fortunato Ciardiello
- Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (E.M.)
| | - Erika Martinelli
- Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (E.M.)
| | - Roberto Grassi
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.R.); (A.S.); (R.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Salvatore Cappabianca
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.R.); (A.S.); (R.G.); (S.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Imaging and clinical correlates with regorafenib in metastatic colorectal cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2020; 86:102020. [PMID: 32278232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2020.102020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In colorectal cancer (CRC), imaging is important in determining tumor stage, selecting treatment strategies, and in assessing response to therapy. However, some challenges remain with established imaging techniques, such as computed tomography, and with some commonly used response criteria, such as Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, which measures change in size of several target lesions instead of change in tumor morphology or metabolic function. In addition, these assessments are not typically conducted until after 8 weeks of treatment, meaning that potential non-responders are often not identified in a timely manner. Regorafenib, an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of metastatic CRC, blocks the activity of several protein kinases involved in angiogenesis, oncogenesis, metastasis, and tumor immunity. Timely differentiation of regorafenib responders from non-responders using appropriate imaging techniques that recognize not only changes in tumor size but also changes in tumor density or vasculature, may reduce unnecessary drug-related toxicity in patients who are unlikely to respond to treatment. This review discusses the latest developments in computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography tumor imaging modalities, and how these aid in identifying patients with metastatic CRC who are responders or non-responders to regorafenib treatment.
Collapse
|
4
|
Oki E, Kawahira M, Kusumoto T, Yuki S, Hatanaka K, Kobayashi Y, Nishie A, Kawanami S, Makiyama A, Saeki H, Sakamoto S, Komatsu Y, Shimokawa M, Mori M, Esaki T. Multicenter Cohort Study to Assess the Association between Changes on Imaging and Outcome after Regorafenib Treatment (KSCC1603). Oncology 2020; 98:719-726. [DOI: 10.1159/000507814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Molecular targeted drugs having angiogenesis-inhibiting properties allow the induction of necrosis inside tumors. We retrospectively investigated the relationship between changes on imaging associated with regorafenib (REGO) and treatment outcomes using real-world data. <b><i>Patients and Methods:</i></b> The eligibility criteria included an ECOG PS of 0–1, a starting dose of 120 or 160 mg/day of REGO, and a duration of treatment of at least 35 days. Regarding changes on imaging, cavitation in lung lesions (CLL), morphologic response of liver lesions (MRL), and change of liver metastasis density (CLD) were evaluated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We finally screened 671 cases, and 226 cases were eligible. In total, 172 and 145 patients had lung and liver metastases, respectively. Among the patients with lung metastasis, CLL was found in 69 patients (40.0%). The median progression-free survival (PFS) of the patients with and those without CLL was 3.2 and 2.4 months, respectively (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.758; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.529–1.087), and the median overall survival (OS) of these groups was 10.5 and 8.9 months, respectively (HR = 0.862; 95% CI: 0.579–1.285). MRL and CLD of liver metastasis were analyzed in 145 and 90 patients, respectively. The median OS with and without MRL was 8.9 and 8.2 months, respectively, whereas the median OS with and without CLD was 11.6 and 7.7 months, respectively (HR = 0.523; 95% CI: 0.275–0.992). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> CLL may predict PFS but not OS among patients with lung metastasis. CLD was predictive of favorable outcomes for REGO in patients with liver metastasis.
Collapse
|
5
|
Reginelli A, Clemente A, Renzulli M, Maggialetti N, Santagata M, Colella G, Nardone V, Golfieri R, Brunese L, Cappabianca S. Delayed enhancement in differential diagnosis of salivary gland neoplasm. Gland Surg 2019; 8:S130-S135. [PMID: 31559179 DOI: 10.21037/gs.2019.03.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Multi-phasic Computed Tomography (CT) evaluation allows to study the enhancement features of parotid gland masses. The aim of our study was to evaluate the role of delayed enhancement in the characterization of different histologic types of parotid tumours. Methods Forty-eight patients (22 male and 26 female) with at least one parotid gland tumor, were included in our study. Multi-phase CT images were obtained before and 30, 120 s and 8 minutes after intravenous contrast injection. The images were evaluated by two radiologists for lesion enhancement degree. A quantitative assessment was performed using a region of interest on each lesion and density changes between different phases were compared. The tumoral enhancement ratio was calculated between the 8 minutes delayed and the early (30 s) phase. The pathological diagnosis was confirmed in all patients after surgery. Results All patients had unilateral lesion for a total of 48 lesions. Twenty-eight were pleomorphic adenomas, 15 Warthin's tumours and 5 carcinomas. All Warthin tumours showed a rapid contrast enhancement at the early phase (30 sec) followed by a progressive wash-out during the delayed scans. Most of pleomorphic adenomas (89.2%) showed the highest density at the 8-minutes delayed phase. Malignant tumours showed slower contrast enhancement and 3 out of 5 (60%) showed a marked decrease at the 8 minutes delayed phase while the remaining 2 (40%), did not show any density reduction. The tumoral enhancement ratio was significantly different between Warthin tumours and pleomorphic adenomas and between Warthin's and malignant tumours. Conclusions Multi-phasic CT examination with 8 minutes delayed acquisition has shown to be useful in parotid gland lesion differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Reginelli
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Clemente
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Renzulli
- Radiology Unit, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, Sant'Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Maggialetti
- Life and Health Department "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Mario Santagata
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Specialities, Maxillo-Facial Unit, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Colella
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Specialities, Maxillo-Facial Unit, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Valerio Nardone
- Unit of Radiation Oncology, Ospedale del Mare, Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Golfieri
- Radiology Unit, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, Sant'Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Brunese
- Life and Health Department "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cappabianca
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Reginelli A, D'Andrea A, Clemente A, Izzo A, Urraro F, Scala F, Nardone V, Guida C, Scialpi M, Cappabianca S. Does multiparametric US improve diagnostic accuracy in the characterization of small testicular masses? Gland Surg 2019; 8:S136-S141. [PMID: 31559180 DOI: 10.21037/gs.2019.04.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Recent advances in ultrasonography (US) have produced new innovative techniques for the non-invasive assessment of testicular masses. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of multiparametric US, including gray-scale, Color-power Doppler and real-time elastography (RTE) analysis, in the characterization of testicular lesions. Methods Fifty-four patients (median 42.2 years; range, 10-64 years) with testicular lesions detected with gray-scale US and power Doppler US were evaluated with RTE. The tissue elasticity was assessed in all lesions. Hard lesions were suspected of being malignant while testicular lesions with normal or decreased tissue stiffness (soft lesions) were considered benign. Intraoperative findings were the standard of reference. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy were calculated for each US method and in combination. Results Forty-six of the 54 lesions (85.2%) were testicular malignant tumors. Thirty-five out of 46 (76%) were ≥2 cm [seminomas (n=18), mixed seminomatous and/or nonseminomatous tumors (n=9), embryonal carcinomas (n=2), immature teratomas (n=3) and Leydig cell tumors (n=3)] while the remaining 11 tumors were <2 cm [seminomas (n=5), mixed germinal cells tumors (n=2), immature teratomas (n=2) and Leydig cell tumors (n=2)]. Eight out of 54 lesions (14.8%) were benign lesions (orchitis n=2, dermoid cyst n=1, adrenal rest n=1, papillary cystadenoma n=1, sclero-hyaline nodule n=1, focal fibrosis n=1 and post-traumatic focal fibrosis n=1). RTE showed the presence of hard pattern in 40 out of 46 (87%) malignant tumors and in 2 out of 8 (25%) of benign lesions. The combination of gray-scale US, Color-power Doppler and RTE aided a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 83%, a negative predictive value of 100%, a positive predictive value of 91% and accuracy of 90%. Conclusions RTE demonstrated to increase the diagnostic accuracy of conventional US in the characterization of testicular lesions providing additional information on tissue stiffness. The multiparametric US evaluation has proven to increase the diagnostic performance in the characterization of testicular lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Reginelli
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo D'Andrea
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Clemente
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Izzo
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Urraro
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Fernando Scala
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Valerio Nardone
- Unit of Radiation Oncology, Ospedale del Mare, Naples, Italy
| | - Cesare Guida
- Unit of Radiation Oncology, Ospedale del Mare, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Scialpi
- Section of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia University, S. Andrea delle Fratte, Perugia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cappabianca
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Renzulli M, Zanotti S, Clemente A, Mineo G, Tovoli F, Reginelli A, Barile A, Cappabianca S, Taffurelli M, Golfieri R. Hereditary breast cancer: screening and risk reducing surgery. Gland Surg 2019; 8:S142-S149. [PMID: 31559181 PMCID: PMC6755941 DOI: 10.21037/gs.2019.04.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The screening modalities for women at high risk for breast cancer has received an increasing role during the last years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of our screening program comparing the diagnostic sensitivity of clinical breast examination, mammography, ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS Clinical Breast examination, mammography, US and MRI for each patient with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation who underwent breast surgery in our Institution from October 2008 to April 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. The diagnostic accuracy for MRI and for the other surveillance tests in identifying early breast cancer were assessed. RESULTS Twenty-six female patients with genetic mutation underwent breast surgery. Twenty-two out of 26 (85%) developed cancer during the dedicated screening protocol whereas 4 women who underwent surgery did not have cancer. Imaging was able to detect cancer in all 22 patients (per patient sensibility of 100%), identifying all 35 neoplastic lesions (per lesion sensibility of 100%). The combination of Clinical Breast Examination, US and mammography aided the cancer diagnosis in 14 (64%) of patients with a sensitivity of 64% and specificity of 100%. MRI identified all the cancers, with sensibility and specificity of 100%. Moreover, in 8 (36%) of the 22 patients who developed breast cancers, the cancers were detected only by MRI, revealing a significant superiority respect to the other surveillance modalities (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS MRI demonstrated to be the best imaging modality in detection of breast cancer even for lesion <1 cm. Prophylactic mastectomy is the most effective risk reduction strategy in women at high risk, contributing to the reduction of anxiety related to the condition of a carrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Renzulli
- Radiology Unit, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, Sant’Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Zanotti
- Breast Unit, Department of Woman, Child and Urological Diseases, Sant’Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alfredo Clemente
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Giangaspare Mineo
- Radiology Unit, Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Prevention, Sant’Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Tovoli
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alfonso Reginelli
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Barile
- Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, S. Salvatore Hospital, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cappabianca
- Radiology and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Taffurelli
- Breast Unit, Department of Woman, Child and Urological Diseases, Sant’Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rita Golfieri
- Radiology Unit, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, Sant’Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nitric oxide synthase inhibitors 1400W and L-NIO inhibit angiogenesis pathway of colorectal cancer. Nitric Oxide 2018; 83:33-39. [PMID: 30590117 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been widely accepted that angiogenesis plays fundamental roles in colorectal cancer development, and therapeutic targeting of this pathway has achieved promising outcome. Recent reports have highlighted the involvement of nitric oxide synthases (NOS) in the development of angiogenesis in cancer; however, the mechanism and therapeutic value of NOS inhibitors in colon cancer are largely unknown. OBJECTIVE In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanism of the NOS inhibitors 1400W and L-NIO on the angiogenesis pathway in colorectal cancer cells. METHODS Two colorectal cancer cell lines, HT 29 and HCT 116, were used for in vitro study. The expression of iNOS and eNOS in cells was knocked down via shRNA transfection. MTS assays and wound healing assays were performed to assess cell proliferation and migration after shRNA transfection or treatment with 1400W, L-NIO, and 5-fluorouracil. Human angiogenesis PCR arrays and proteome profiler human angiogenesis arrays were used to detect changes in key genes/proteins involved in modulating angiogenesis after 1400W and L-NIO treatment. RESULTS Knockdown of iNOS and eNOS significantly inhibited colorectal cancer cell growth. Treatment with NOS inhibitors inhibited colorectal cancer cell growth and migration, and was associated with suppression of the expression of key genes/proteins involved in the angiogenesis pathway. In addition, the combined use of NOS inhibitors with 5-fluorouracil showed enhanced inhibition of cell proliferation and migration. CONCLUSION NOS inhibitors could suppress colorectal cancer cell growth and migration, likely via suppressing the angiogenesis pathway.
Collapse
|
9
|
Carrafiello G, Brunese L. Special focus issue: ‘innovations in diagnostic and interventional oncology’. Future Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.2217/fon-2018-0699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giampaolo Carrafiello
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University of Milan, Milan, 20142, Italy
| | - Luca Brunese
- Department of Medicine & Health Science ‘V Tiberio’, University of Molise, Campobasso, 86100, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Reginelli A, Vacca G, Segreto T, Picascia R, Clemente A, Urraro F, Serra N, Vanzulli A, Cappabianca S. Can microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma be predicted by diagnostic imaging? A critical review. Future Oncol 2018; 14:2985-2994. [PMID: 30084651 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2018-0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Imaging still has a limited capacity to detect microvascular invasion (mVI). The objective of this critical review is the evaluation of the most significant predictors of mVI in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) detectable by computed tomography, PET/computed tomography and MRI using a mathematical model. We systematically reviewed 15 observational studies from 2008 to 2018 to analyze factors with most impact on mVI detection. The most significant predictors of mVI correlating with imaging techniques were considered. From 1902 patients considered, we individuated 30 total predictors of mVI in a multivariate analysis. The most frequent predictors related to the highest presence with mVI in HCC were: α-fetoprotein (p < 0.0001), tumor size (p < 0.0001) and number of HCC nodules (p = 0.0020).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Reginelli
- Department of Radiology & Radiotherapy, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Piazza Miraglia, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Giovanna Vacca
- Department of Radiology & Radiotherapy, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Piazza Miraglia, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Teresa Segreto
- Department of Radiology & Radiotherapy, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Piazza Miraglia, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Roberto Picascia
- Department of Radiology & Radiotherapy, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Piazza Miraglia, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Alfredo Clemente
- Department of Radiology & Radiotherapy, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Piazza Miraglia, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Urraro
- Department of Radiology & Radiotherapy, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Piazza Miraglia, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Nicola Serra
- Department of Radiology & Radiotherapy, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Piazza Miraglia, Naples 80138, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore Cappabianca
- Department of Radiology & Radiotherapy, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Piazza Miraglia, Naples 80138, Italy
| |
Collapse
|