1
|
Xi Y, Xi L, Tan J, Yu C, Shen W, Yu B. Comprehensive analysis of lung adenocarcinoma: Unveiling differential gene expression, survival-linked genes, subtype stratification, and immune landscape implications. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38619376 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
This study offers a detailed exploration of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), addressing its heterogeneity and treatment challenges through a multi-faceted analysis that includes gene expression, genetic subtyping, pathway analysis, immune assessment, and drug sensitivity. It identifies 165 genes with significant expression differences and 46 genes associated with survival, revealing insights into oxidative stress and autophagy. LUAD samples were divided into three subtypes using consensus clustering on these 46 genes, with distinct survival outcomes. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) on HALLMARK gene sets indicated pathway variations with survival implications. The immune landscape, analyzed using the CIBERSORT algorithm, showed different immune cell distributions across subtypes, with the first subtype exhibiting a better immune environment and survival prospects. Advanced machine learning techniques developed a risk model from a set of four genes, effectively categorizing patients into high and low-risk groups, validated through external datasets and analyses. This model linked lower risk scores to better clinical stages, with a higher mutation rate and potential immunotherapy benefits observed in the high-risk group. Drug sensitivity assessments highlighted varied treatment responses between risk groups, suggesting avenues for personalized therapy. This comprehensive analysis enhances the understanding of LUAD's molecular and clinical nuances, offering valuable insights for tailored treatment approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Liu Xi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jian Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chaoqun Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Weiyu Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Bentong Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu L, Zhang S, Yang HY, Zhou CH, Xiong Y, Yang N, Tian Y. Lipid alterations play a role in the integration of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and anlotinib for the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:16. [PMID: 38218878 PMCID: PMC10787985 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01960-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that integrating anlotinib with programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors enhances survival rates among progressive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients lacking driver mutations. However, not all individuals experience clinical benefits from this therapy. As a result, it is critical to investigate the factors that contribute to the inconsistent response of patients. Recent investigations have emphasized the importance of lipid metabolic reprogramming in the development and progression of NSCLC. METHODS The objective of this investigation was to examine the correlation between lipid variations and observed treatment outcomes in advanced NSCLC patients who were administered PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors alongside anlotinib. A cohort composed of 30 individuals diagnosed with advanced NSCLC without any driver mutations was divided into three distinct groups based on the clinical response to the combination treatment, namely, a group exhibiting partial responses, a group manifesting progressive disease, and a group demonstrating stable disease. The lipid composition of patients in these groups was assessed both before and after treatment. RESULTS Significant differences in lipid composition among the three groups were observed. Further analysis revealed 19 differential lipids, including 2 phosphatidylglycerols and 17 phosphoinositides. CONCLUSION This preliminary study aimed to explore the specific impact of anlotinib in combination with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors on lipid metabolism in patients with advanced NSCLC. By investigating the effects of using both anlotinib and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, this study enhances our understanding of lipid metabolism in lung cancer treatment. The findings from this research provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic approaches and the identification of new therapeutic biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Zhu Zhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Hai-Yan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Chun-Hua Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yi Xiong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Nong Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Ye Tian
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mountzios G, Remon J, Hendriks LEL, García-Campelo R, Rolfo C, Van Schil P, Forde PM, Besse B, Subbiah V, Reck M, Soria JC, Peters S. Immune-checkpoint inhibition for resectable non-small-cell lung cancer - opportunities and challenges. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2023; 20:664-677. [PMID: 37488229 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00794-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic strategies harnessing the immune system to eliminate tumour cells have been successfully used for several cancer types, including in patients with advanced-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In these patients, immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can provide durable responses and improve overall survival either as monotherapy, or combined with chemotherapy or other immunotherapeutic agents. However, the implementation of ICIs in early stage NSCLC has been hampered by the continuous struggle to develop robust end points to assess their efficacy in this setting, especially those enabling a fast and reproducible evaluation of the clinical activity of neoadjuvant strategies. Several trials are testing ICIs, alone or in combination with chemotherapy, in early stage NSCLC as an adjuvant, neoadjuvant or perioperative approach. As a novelty, most trials in the neoadjuvant setting have adopted pathological response as a primary end point. ICIs have been approved for use in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings on the basis of event-free survival and disease-free survival benefit, respectively; however, the correlation of these end points with overall survival remains unclear in these settings. Unresolved challenges for the optimal use of ICIs with curative intent include concerns about their applicability in daily clinical practice and about improving patient selection based on predictive biomarkers or assessment of pathological response and minimal residual disease. In this Review, we discuss the rationale, available strategies and current trial landscape for the implementation of ICIs in patients with resectable NSCLC, and we further elaborate on future approaches to optimize their clinical benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giannis Mountzios
- Fourth Department of Medical Oncology and Clinical Trials Unit, Henry Dunant Hospital Center, Athens, Greece.
| | - Jordi Remon
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Lizza E L Hendriks
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Christian Rolfo
- Center for Thoracic Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Van Schil
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Patrick M Forde
- Bloomberg~Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Benjamin Besse
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Vivek Subbiah
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Martin Reck
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Airway Research Center North, German Center of Lung Research, Lung Clinic, Grosshansdorf, Germany
| | | | - Solange Peters
- Oncology Department, CHUV, Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fu Y, Shi W, Zhao J, Cao X, Cao Y, Lei M, Su X, Cui Q, Liu Y. Prediction of postoperative health-related quality of life among patients with metastatic spinal cord compression secondary to lung cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1206840. [PMID: 37720536 PMCID: PMC10502718 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1206840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a critical aspect of overall well-being for patients with lung cancer, particularly those with metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC). However, there is currently a lack of universal evaluation of HRQoL in this specific patient population. The aim of this study was to develop a nomogram that can accurately predict HRQoL outcomes in patients with lung cancer-related MSCC. Methods A total of 119 patients diagnosed with MSCC secondary to lung cancer were prospectively collected for analysis in the study. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, along with 10-fold cross-validation, was employed to select the most significant variables for inclusion in the nomogram. Discriminative and calibration abilities were assessed using the concordance index (C-index), discrimination slope, calibration plots, and goodness-of-fit tests. Net reclassification index (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) analyses were conducted to compare the nomogram's performance with and without the consideration of comorbidities. Results Four variables were selected to construct the final nomogram, including the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score, targeted therapy, anxiety scale, and number of comorbidities. The C-index was 0.87, with a discrimination slope of 0.47, indicating a favorable discriminative ability. Calibration plots and goodness-of-fit tests revealed a high level of consistency between the predicted and observed probabilities of poor HRQoL. The NRI (0.404, 95% CI: 0.074-0.734, p = 0.016) and the IDI (0.035, 95% CI: 0.004-0.066, p = 0.027) confirmed the superior performance of the nomogram with the consideration of comorbidities. Conclusions This study develops a prediction nomogram that can assist clinicians in evaluating postoperative HRQoL in patients with lung cancer-related MSCC. This nomogram provides a valuable tool for risk stratification and personalized treatment planning in this specific patient population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Fu
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqing Shi
- Department of Operation Room, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Xuyong Cao
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuncen Cao
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mingxing Lei
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuyun Su
- Intelligent Medical Innovation Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiu Cui
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yaosheng Liu
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li YZ, Kong SN, Liu YP, Yang Y, Zhang HM. Can Liquid Biopsy Based on ctDNA/cfDNA Replace Tissue Biopsy for the Precision Treatment of EGFR-Mutated NSCLC? J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041438. [PMID: 36835972 PMCID: PMC9966257 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
More and more clinical trials have explored the role of liquid biopsy in the diagnosis and treatment of EGFR-mutated NSCLC. In certain circumstances, liquid biopsy has unique advantages and offers a new way to detect therapeutic targets, analyze drug resistance mechanisms in advanced patients, and monitor MRD in patients with operable NSCLC. Although its potential cannot be ignored, more evidence is needed to support the transition from the research stage to clinical application. We reviewed the latest progress in research on the efficacy and resistance mechanisms of targeted therapy for advanced NSCLC patients with plasma ctDNA EGFR mutation and the evaluation of MRD based on ctDNA detection in perioperative and follow-up monitoring.
Collapse
|
6
|
Ma M, Luan X, Zheng H, Wang X, Wang S, Shen T, Ren D. A Mulberry Diels-Alder-Type Adduct, Kuwanon M, Triggers Apoptosis and Paraptosis of Lung Cancer Cells through Inducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021015. [PMID: 36674530 PMCID: PMC9866470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mulberry tree (Morus alba) has been cultivated in China for thousands of years. Mulberry Diels-Alder-type adducts (MDAAs) are characteristic constituents of the genus Morus. The unique structure and diverse bioactivities of MDAAs have attracted the attention of researchers. Kuwanon M (KWM) is an MDAA isolated from the root bark of Morus alba. This research reports the growth inhibitory effects of KWM on human lung cancer cells and its possible mechanism. In A549 and NCI-H292 cells, KWM treatment induced suppression of cell proliferation and migration. The appearance of chromatin condensation, phosphatidyl serine exposure and caspase cleavage indicated the arising of apoptosis. The loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), release of cytochrome c and dysregulation of Bax/Bcl-2 demonstrated that the KWM-induced apoptosis was through the mitochondrial pathway. Paraptosis was simultaneously detected under KWM treatment, as evidenced by the exhibition of cytoplasmic vacuolation, down-regulation of Alix and up-regulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins. Mechanistically, ER stress induced activation of unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways and activation of the MAPK (JNK and ERK) pathway, all of which were critical for KWM-induced apoptosis and paraptosis. These findings suggested the possibility that KWM might be considered as a potential lung cancer therapeutic agent.
Collapse
|
7
|
Al-Warhi T, Abualnaja M, Abu Ali OA, Althobaiti F, Alharthi F, Elsaid FG, Shati AA, Fayad E, Elghareeb D, Abu Almaaty AH, Zaki I. Synthesis and Biological Activity Screening of Newly Synthesized Trimethoxyphenyl-Based Analogues as Potential Anticancer Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144621. [PMID: 35889493 PMCID: PMC9322052 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A group of novel trimethoxyphenyl (TMP)-based analogues were synthesized by varying the azalactone ring of 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)oxazolone 1 and characterized using NMR spectral data as well as elemental microanalyses. All synthesized compounds were screened for their cytotoxic activity utilizing the hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. Compounds 9, 10 and 11 exhibited good cytotoxic potency with IC50 values ranging from 1.38 to 3.21 μM compared to podophyllotoxin (podo) as a reference compound. In addition, compounds 9, 10 and 11 exhibited potent inhibition of β-tubulin polymerization. DNA flow cytometry analysis of compound 9 shows cell cycle disturbance at the G2/M phase and a significant increase in Annexin-V-positive cells compared with the untreated control. Compound 9 was further studied regarding its apoptotic potential in HepG2 cells; it decreased the level of MMP and Bcl-2 as well as boosted the level of p53 and Bax compared with the control HepG2 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarfah Al-Warhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Matokah Abualnaja
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah Al Mukarrama 24381, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ola A. Abu Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fayez Althobaiti
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (E.F.)
| | - Fahad Alharthi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fahmy G. Elsaid
- Biology Department, Science College, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (F.G.E.); (A.A.S.)
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ali A. Shati
- Biology Department, Science College, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (F.G.E.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Eman Fayad
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (E.F.)
| | - Doaa Elghareeb
- Department of Biology, Jumum College University, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
- Agriculture Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agriculture Research Centre, Cairo 12619, Egypt
| | - Ali H. Abu Almaaty
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt;
| | - Islam Zaki
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bei R, Benvenuto M, Focaccetti C, Fazi S, Moretti M, Nardozi D, Angiolini V, Ciuffa S, Cifaldi L, Carrano R, Palumbo C, Miele MT, Bei R, Barillari G, Manzari V, De Smaele E, Modesti A, Masuelli L. Combined treatment with inhibitors of ErbB Receptors and Hh signaling pathways is more effective than single treatment in reducing the growth of malignant mesothelioma both in vitro and in vivo. Lab Invest 2022; 20:286. [PMID: 35752861 PMCID: PMC9233819 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03490-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare orphan aggressive neoplasia with low survival rates. Among the other signaling pathways, ErbB receptors and Hh signaling are deregulated in MM. Thus, molecules involved in these signaling pathways could be used for targeted therapy approaches. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of inhibitors of Hh- (GANT-61) and ErbB receptors (Afatinib)-mediated signaling pathways, when used alone or in combination, on growth, cell cycle, cell death and autophagy, modulation of molecules involved in transduction pathways, in three human MM cell lines of different histotypes. The efficacy of the combined treatment was also evaluated in a murine epithelioid MM cell line both in vitro and in vivo. This study demonstrated that combined treatment with two inhibitors counteracting the activation of two different signaling pathways involved in neoplastic transformation and progression, such as those activated by ErbB and Hh signaling, is more effective than the single treatments in reducing MM growth in vitro and in vivo. This study may have clinical implications for the development of targeted therapy approaches for MM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Monica Benvenuto
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, via di Sant'Alessandro 8, 00131, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Focaccetti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Fazi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Moretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Nardozi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Angiolini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Ciuffa
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Cifaldi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Carrano
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Palumbo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Martino Tony Miele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bei
- Medical School, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Barillari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Manzari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico De Smaele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Modesti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Frampton JE. Osimertinib: A Review in Completely Resected, Early-Stage, EGFR Mutation-Positive NSCLC. Target Oncol 2022; 17:369-376. [PMID: 35713772 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-022-00883-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Osimertinib (TAGRISSO®) is an orally administered, third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is approved for the adjuvant treatment of adults with completely resected, stage IB-IIIA, EGFR sensitizing mutation (exon 19 deletion or exon 21 [L858R] substitution)-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the pivotal ADAURA trial in adults with completely resected, early-stage, EGFR mutation-positive (EGFRm+) NSCLC, osimertinib adjuvant therapy significantly prolonged disease-free survival (DFS) compared with placebo in the overall population of patients with stage IB-IIIA disease, as well as in the primary population of patients with stage II-IIIA disease. A DFS benefit of osimertinib was seen irrespective of whether or not patients received prior adjuvant chemotherapy. Overall survival (OS) data were very immature at the time of the analysis of DFS, and more mature OS data are awaited with interest. Osimertinib adjuvant therapy did not adversely affect health-related quality of life and was generally well tolerated, with a manageable safety profile and no new safety signals identified. Based on the available evidence, osimertinib is thus an appropriate targeted option for the adjuvant treatment of adults with completely resected, stage IB-IIIA, EGFRm+ NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James E Frampton
- Springer Nature, Mairangi Bay, Private Bag 65901, Auckland, 0754, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gong J, Shen Y, Jiang F, Wang Y, Chu L, Sun J, Shen P, Chen M. MicroRNA‑20a promotes non‑small cell lung cancer proliferation by upregulating PD‑L1 by targeting PTEN. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:148. [PMID: 35350588 PMCID: PMC8941509 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possibility of microRNA-20a (miR-20a) as a biomarker and therapeutic target for the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC. Bioinformatics prediction, together with functional validation, confirmed miR-20a bound to programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) 3′-untranslated region to upregulate PD-L1 expression. Both miR-20a and PD-L1 could promote the proliferation of NSCLC cells. The expression level of PD-L1 was controlled by PTEN; however, further upstream regulation of PD-L1 expression was largely unknown. The present study showed that miR-20a could not restore the inhibition of PD-L1 expression levels by PTEN. Knockdown of PTEN expression upregulated the expression level of PD-L1 and promoted the proliferation of NSCLC cells. PTEN negatively regulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by inhibiting β-catenin and Cyclin D1. Interestingly, PTEN could reverse miR-20a-mediated proliferation of NSCLC cells and the inhibitory effect was similar to that of XAV-939. miR-20a promotes the proliferation of NSCLC cells by inhibiting the expression level of PTEN and upregulating the expression level of PD-L1. It is suggested that miR-20a could be used as a biomarker and therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaomei Gong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450013, P.R. China
| | - Yong Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Fuguo Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiaozuo People's Hospital, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450013, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Chu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450013, P.R. China
| | - Jinqi Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450013, P.R. China
| | - Pengxiao Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450013, P.R. China
| | - Maocai Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450013, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rivera-Concepcion J, Uprety D, Adjei AA. Challenges in the Use of Targeted Therapies in NSCLC. Cancer Res Treat 2022; 54:315-329. [PMID: 35209703 PMCID: PMC9016301 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2022.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision oncology has fundamentally changed how we diagnose and treat cancer. In recent years, there has been a significant change in the management of patients with oncogene-addicted advanced-stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Increasing amounts of identifiable oncogene drivers have led to the development of molecularly targeted drugs. Undoubtedly, the future of thoracic oncology is shifting toward increased molecular testing and the use of targeted therapies. For the most part, these novel drugs have proven to be safe and effective. As with all great innovations, targeted therapies pose unique challenges. Drug toxicities, resistance, access, and costs are some of the expected obstacles that will need to be addressed. This review highlights some of the major challenges in the use of targeted therapies in NSCLC and provides guidance for the future strategies.
Collapse
|