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Demirtas Korkmaz F, Dogan Turacli I, Esendagli G, Ekmekci A. Effects of thiostrepton alone or in combination with selumetinib on triple-negative breast cancer metastasis. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:10387-10397. [PMID: 36097108 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07751-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE FoxM1 transcription factor contributes to tumor metastasis and poor prognosis in many cancers including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In this study, we examined the effects of FoxM1 inhibitor Thiostrepton (THIO) alone or in combination with MEK inhibitor Selumetinib (SEL) on metastatic parameters in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry was used to assess metastasis-related protein expressions in 4T1 cells and its allograft tumor model in BALB/c mice. In vivo uPA activity was determined by enzymatic methods. RESULTS Both inhibitors were effective on the expressions of FoxM1, ERK, p-ERK, Twist, E-cadherin, and Vimentin alone or in combination in vitro. THIO significantly decreased 4T1 cell migration and changed the cell morphology from mesenchymal-like to epithelial-like structure. THIO was more effective than in combination with SEL in terms of metastatic protein expressions in vivo. THIO alone significantly inhibited mean tumor growth, decreased lung metastasis rate and tumor foci, however, no significant changes in these parameters were observed in the combined group. Immunohistochemically, FoxM1 expression intensity was decreased with THIO and its combination with SEL in the tumors. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that inhibiting FoxM1 as a single target is more effective than combined treatment with MEK in theTNBC allograft model. The therapeutic efficacy of THIO should be investigated with further studies on appropriate drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funda Demirtas Korkmaz
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey. .,Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun, 28100, Turkey.
| | - Irem Dogan Turacli
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ufuk University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Guldal Esendagli
- Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Ekmekci
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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2
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Modulation of biopharmaceutical properties of drugs using sulfonate counterions: A critical analysis of FDA-approved pharmaceutical salts. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Abstract
Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the predominant primary liver tumor in children. While the prognosis is favorable when the tumor can be resected, the outcome is dismal for patients with progressed HB. Therefore, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for HB is imperative for early detection and effective treatment. Sequencing analysis of human HB specimens unraveled the pivotal role of Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation in this disease. Nonetheless, β-catenin activation alone does not suffice to induce HB, implying the need for additional alterations. Perturbations of several pathways, including Hippo, Hedgehog, NRF2/KEAP1, HGF/c-Met, NK-1R/SP, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR cascades and aberrant activation of c-MYC, n-MYC, and EZH2 proto-oncogenes, have been identified in HB, although their role requires additional investigation. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on HB molecular pathogenesis, the relevance of the preclinical findings for the human disease, and the innovative therapeutic strategies that could be beneficial for the treatment of HB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Antonio Solinas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Stefano Cairo
- XenTech, Evry, France,Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Padova, Italy
| | - Matthias Evert
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Diego F. Calvisi
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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4
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Keshava N, Toh TS, Yuan H, Yang B, Menden MP, Wang D. Defining subpopulations of differential drug response to reveal novel target populations. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2019; 5:36. [PMID: 31602313 PMCID: PMC6776548 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-019-0113-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Personalised medicine has predominantly focused on genetically altered cancer genes that stratify drug responses, but there is a need to objectively evaluate differential pharmacology patterns at a subpopulation level. Here, we introduce an approach based on unsupervised machine learning to compare the pharmacological response relationships between 327 pairs of cancer therapies. This approach integrated multiple measures of response to identify subpopulations that react differently to inhibitors of the same or different targets to understand mechanisms of resistance and pathway cross-talk. MEK, BRAF, and PI3K inhibitors were shown to be effective as combination therapies for particular BRAF mutant subpopulations. A systematic analysis of preclinical data for a failed phase III trial of selumetinib combined with docetaxel in lung cancer suggests potential indications in pancreatic and colorectal cancers with KRAS mutation. This data-informed study exemplifies a method for stratified medicine to identify novel cancer subpopulations, their genetic biomarkers, and effective drug combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tzen S. Toh
- The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX UK
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2HQ UK
| | - Haobin Yuan
- Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DP UK
| | - Bingxun Yang
- Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DP UK
| | - Michael P. Menden
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dennis Wang
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2HQ UK
- Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DP UK
- NIHR Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield, S10 2HQ UK
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5
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KRAS mutation is a weak, but valid predictor for poor prognosis and treatment outcomes in NSCLC: A meta-analysis of 41 studies. Oncotarget 2016; 7:8373-88. [PMID: 26840022 PMCID: PMC4884999 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutation of oncogene KRAS is common in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), however, its clinical significance is still controversial. Independent studies evaluating its prognostic and predictive value usually drew inconsistent conclusions. Hence, We performed a meta-analysis with 41 relative publications, retrieved from multi-databases, to reconcile these controversial results and to give an overall impression of KRAS mutation in NSCLC. According to our findings, KRAS mutation was significantly associated with worse overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in early stage resected NSCLC (hazard ratio or HR=1.56 and 1.57, 95% CI 1.39-1.76 and 1.17-2.09 respectively), and with inferior outcomes of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) treatment and chemotherapy (relative risk or RR=0.21 and 0.66 for objective response rate or ORR, 95% CI 0.12-0.39 and 0.54-0.81 respectively; HR=1.46 and 1.30 for progression-free survival or PFS, 95%CI 1.23-1.74 and 1.14-1.50 respectively) in advanced NSCLC. When EGFR mutant patients were excluded, KRAS mutation was still significantly associated with worse OS and PFS of EGFR-TKIs (HR=1.40 and 1.35, 95 % CI 1.21-1.61 and 1.11-1.64). Although KRAS mutant patients presented worse DFS and PFS of chemotherapy (HR=1.33 and 1.11, 95% CI 0.97-1.84 and 0.95-1.30), and lower response rate to EGFR-TKIs or chemotherapy (RR=0.55 and 0.88, 95 % CI 0.27-1.11 and 0.76-1.02), statistical differences were not met. In conclusion, KRAS mutation is a weak, but valid predictor for poor prognosis and treatment outcomes in NSCLC. There's a need for developing target therapies for KRAS mutant lung cancer and other tumors.
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6
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Zhou Y, Lin S, Tseng KF, Han K, Wang Y, Gan ZH, Min DL, Hu HY. Selumetinib suppresses cell proliferation, migration and trigger apoptosis, G1 arrest in triple-negative breast cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:818. [PMID: 27769200 PMCID: PMC5073736 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2773-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has aggressive progression with poor prognosis and ineffective treatments. Selumetinib is an allosteric, ATP-noncompetitive inhibitor of MEK1/2, which has benn known as effective antineoplastic drugs for several malignant tumors. We hypothesized that Selumetinib might be potential drug for TNBC and explore the mechanism. METHODS After treated with Selumetinib, the viability and mobility of HCC1937 and MDA-MB-231 were detected by MTT, tunnel, wound-healing assay, transwell assay and FCM methods. MiR array was used to analysis the change of miRs. We predicted and verified CUL1 is the target of miR-302a using Luciferase reporter assay. We also silenced the CUL1 by siRNA, to clarify whether CUL1 take part in the cell proliferation, migration and regulated its substrate TIMP1 and TRAF2. Moreover, after transfection, the antagomir of miR-302a and CUL1 over-expressed plasmid into HCC1937 and MDA-MB-231 cell accompanied with the Selumetinib treatment, we detected the proliferation and migration again. RESULTS Selumetinib reduce the proliferation, migration, triggered apoptosis and G1 arrest in TNBC cell lines. In this process, the miR-302a was up-regulated and inhibited the CUL1 expression. The later negatively regulated the TIMP1 and TRAF2. As soon as we knockdown miR-302a and over-expression CUL1 in TNBC cells, the cytotoxicity of Selumetinib was reversed. CONCLUSIONS MiR-302a targeted regulated the CUL1 expression and mediated the Selumetinib-induced cytotoxicity of triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 China
| | - Shuchen Lin
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 China
| | - Kuo-Fu Tseng
- Biophysics Department of Oregan State University, ALS-2139, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA
| | - Kun Han
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 China
| | - Yaling Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 China
| | - Zhi-hua Gan
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 China
| | - Da-liu Min
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 China
- Biophysics Department of Oregan State University, ALS-2139, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA
| | - Hai-yan Hu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 China
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7
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Wang J, Hu K, Guo J, Cheng F, Lv J, Jiang W, Lu W, Liu J, Pang X, Liu M. Suppression of KRas-mutant cancer through the combined inhibition of KRAS with PLK1 and ROCK. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11363. [PMID: 27193833 PMCID: PMC4873974 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
No effective targeted therapies exist for cancers with somatic KRAS mutations. Here we develop a synthetic lethal chemical screen in isogenic KRAS-mutant and wild-type cells to identify clinical drug pairs. Our results show that dual inhibition of polo-like kinase 1 and RhoA/Rho kinase (ROCK) leads to the synergistic effects in KRAS-mutant cancers. Microarray analysis reveals that this combinatory inhibition significantly increases transcription and activity of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(WAF1/CIP1), leading to specific G2/M phase blockade in KRAS-mutant cells. Overexpression of p21(WAF1/CIP1), either by cDNA transfection or clinical drugs, preferentially impairs the growth of KRAS-mutant cells, suggesting a druggable synthetic lethal interaction between KRAS and p21(WAF1/CIP1). Co-administration of BI-2536 and fasudil either in the LSL-KRAS(G12D) mouse model or in a patient tumour explant mouse model of KRAS-mutant lung cancer suppresses tumour growth and significantly prolongs mouse survival, suggesting a strong synergy in vivo and a potential avenue for therapeutic treatment of KRAS-mutant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kewen Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jiawei Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Feixiong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37203, USA
| | - Jing Lv
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wenhao Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Weiqiang Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Xiufeng Pang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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8
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Zhao C, Xiao H, Wu X, Li C, Liang G, Yang S, Lin J. Rational combination of MEK inhibitor and the STAT3 pathway modulator for the therapy in K-Ras mutated pancreatic and colon cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:14472-87. [PMID: 25961376 PMCID: PMC4546480 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
K-Ras mutations are frequently detected in pancreatic and colon cancers, which are associated with the resistance to MEK inhibitors targeting the Ras pathway. Identifying the underlying mechanisms for the acquired resistance is essential for the future clinical development of MEK inhibitors. Here, we identified that Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) was significantly activated following the MEK inhibition using AZD6244, PD98059 and Trametinib in K-Ras mutant pancreatic and colon cancer cells. The STAT3 activation may be important for the MEK inhibitor resistance in these K-Ras mutant cancer cells. We have shown that dual inhibition of STAT3 and MEK using the STAT3 inhibitor LY5 and MEK inhibitor Trametinib exerts significant anti-tumor cell efficacy in K-Ras mutant pancreatic and colon cancer cells in vitro. In addition, Trametinib showed increased suppression on tumor growth in vivo in STAT3 knockdown pancreatic cancer cells compared with tumor growth of control cells without STAT3 knockdown. Taken together, our results suggest the induced STAT3 activation as a possible mechanism for the resistance to MEK inhibitor and demonstrate the potentials of a combination therapy using MEK and STAT3 inhibitors in pancreatic and colon cancers harboring K-Ras mutant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengguang Zhao
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Xiao
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xiaojuan Wu
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chenglong Li
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shulin Yang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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9
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Ricciuti B, Leonardi GC, Metro G, Grignani F, Paglialunga L, Bellezza G, Baglivo S, Mencaroni C, Baldi A, Zicari D, Crinò L. Targeting the KRAS variant for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer: potential therapeutic applications. Expert Rev Respir Med 2015; 10:53-68. [PMID: 26714748 DOI: 10.1586/17476348.2016.1115349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for 80% of all lung cancers. Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) is one of the deadliest cancer-related proteins and plays a pivotal role in the most aggressive and lethal human cancers, including lung adenocarcinoma where it represents one of the most frequently mutated oncogene. Although therapeutic progresses have made an impact over the last decade, median survival for patients with advanced lung cancer remains disappointing, with a 5-year worldwide survival rate of <15%. For more than 20 years it has been recognized that constitutively active signaling downstream of KRAS is a fundamental driver of lung tumorigenesis. However, years of pursuit have failed to yield a drug that can safely curb KRAS activity; up to now no approved therapies exist for KRAS-mutant NSCLC. The aim of this review is to discuss the current knowledge of KRAS-mutated NSCLC, touching upon KRAS clinical relevance as a prognostic and predictive biomarker, with an emphasis on novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of KRAS-variant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biagio Ricciuti
- a Medical Oncology , Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Giulia Costanza Leonardi
- a Medical Oncology , Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Giulio Metro
- a Medical Oncology , Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Francesco Grignani
- b Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Pathology , University of Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Luca Paglialunga
- a Medical Oncology , Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Guido Bellezza
- c Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pathology and Histology , University of Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Sara Baglivo
- a Medical Oncology , Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Clelia Mencaroni
- a Medical Oncology , Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Alice Baldi
- a Medical Oncology , Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Daniela Zicari
- a Medical Oncology , Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Lucio Crinò
- a Medical Oncology , Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia , Perugia , Italy
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10
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Kuo SCH, Hsu PC, Chen CH, Yu CT, Wang CL, Chung FT, Lin SM, Lo YL, Chen TC, Liu CY, Yang CT. Overall response to first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor and second-line chemotherapy is predictive of survival outcome in epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated adenocarcinoma. Chemotherapy 2015; 60:201-10. [PMID: 25871639 DOI: 10.1159/000371735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND First-line epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective for the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma with an EGFR-sensitizing mutation, but resistance is inevitable. Chemotherapy is widely used in the second-line setting. The outcome following this treatment scheme has not been thoroughly evaluated. METHODS From 2007 to 2011, consecutive patients with mutated EGFR receiving first-line TKI and second-line chemotherapy were retrospectively reviewed. The overall response was categorized into double responder, single responder and double nonresponder. RESULTS Following this treatment scheme, baseline Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-1 (HR 0.60; 95% CI 0.37-0.98; p = 0.041) and double responder (HR 0.24; 95% CI 0.07-0.78; p = 0.018) were independent predictors of overall survival. Absence of pleural metastasis independently predicted the response to first-line TKI (OR 2.60; 95% CI 1.13-5.99; p = 0.025). In TKI responders, ECOG performance status 0-1 before chemotherapy (OR 4.95; 95% CI 1.15-21.28; p = 0.006), an exon 19 deletion (OR 4.74; 95% CI 1.30-17.21; p = 0.018) and progression-free survival (PFS) on first-line TKI (OR 1.02; 95% CI 1.01-1.09; p = 0.049) independently predicted the response to second-line chemotherapy. A moderate linear relationship (Pearson's r = 0.441; p = 0.001) existed between the PFS of this treatment scheme in TKI responders. CONCLUSION The status of double responder to first-line TKI and second-line chemotherapy was predictive of improved survival in EGFR-mutated adenocarcinoma.
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11
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Li S, Chen S, Jiang Y, Liu J, Yang X, Quan S. Synergistic interaction between MEK inhibitor and gefitinib in EGFR-TKI-resistant human lung cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:2652-2656. [PMID: 26622906 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing use of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKIs) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), acquired resistance has become a major clinical problem. A combination of different signaling pathway inhibitors is a promising strategy to overcome this. In the present study, the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 inhibitor, AZD6244, was used in combination with gefitinib to investigate the efficacy of this treatment in NSCLC cell lines, particularly in gefitinib-resistant cells. The EGFR-TKI-sensitive PC-9 (mutant EGFR/wild-type K-Ras) and EGFR-TKI-resistant A549 (wild-type EGFR/mutant K-Ras) human NSCLC cell lines were treated with AZD6244 alone, gefitinib alone or the combination of the two drugs, and the effects were evaluated using cell proliferation assays, with alterations in signaling pathways analyzed by western blotting. It was found that the growth inhibitory effect of combination treatment with gefitinib and AZD6244 was greater than that of gefitinib alone in the EGFR-TKI-resistant A549 cells. Treatment of A549 cells with gefitinib alone reduced the expression level of the activated form of Akt, and the combination of the two drugs showed stronger inhibition of phosphorylated-Akt and phosphorylated-extracellular signal-regulated kinases. The data showed that the combination of AZD6244 and gefitinib exhibited dose-dependent synergism in gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells. Thus, a preclinical rationale exists for the use of AZD6244 to enhance the efficacy of gefitinib in patients with EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suxia Li
- Department of Tumor Rehabilitation, First Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Suxiu Chen
- Department of Tumor Rehabilitation, First Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yiyan Jiang
- Department of Tumor Rehabilitation, First Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jiefan Liu
- Department of Tumor Rehabilitation, First Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolei Yang
- Department of Tumor Rehabilitation, First Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Shichao Quan
- Department of Tumor Rehabilitation, First Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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12
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Kettle JG, Ballard P, Bardelle C, Cockerill M, Colclough N, Critchlow SE, Debreczeni J, Fairley G, Fillery S, Graham MA, Goodwin L, Guichard S, Hudson K, Ward RA, Whittaker D. Discovery and optimization of a novel series of Dyrk1B kinase inhibitors to explore a MEK resistance hypothesis. J Med Chem 2015; 58:2834-44. [PMID: 25738750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Potent and selective inhibitors of Dyrk1B kinase were developed to explore the hypothesis, based on siRNA studies, that Dyrk1B may be a resistance mechanism in cells undergoing a stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason G Kettle
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Ballard
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Bardelle
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Cockerill
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Colclough
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Susan E Critchlow
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Judit Debreczeni
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Fairley
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Shaun Fillery
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Graham
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Goodwin
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvie Guichard
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Hudson
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Richard A Ward
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - David Whittaker
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
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13
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MEK inhibitor effective against proliferation in breast cancer cell. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:9269-79. [PMID: 24938872 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1901-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The targeted small-molecule drug AZD6244 is an allosteric, ATP-noncompetitive inhibitor of MEK1/2 that has shown activity against several malignant tumors. Here, we report that AZD6244 repressed cell growth and induced apoptosis and G1-phase arrest in the breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and HCC1937. Using microRNA (miRNA) arrays and quantitative RT-PCR, we found that miR-203 was up-regulated after AZD6244 treatment. In accordance with bioinformatics and luciferase activity analyses, CUL1 was found to be the direct target of miR-203. Furthermore, miR-203 inhibition and CUL1 overexpression reversed the cytotoxicity of AZD6244 on the MDA-MB-231 and HCC1937 cells. Collectively, our data indicate that miR-203 mediates the AZD6244-induced cytotoxicity of breast cancer cells and that the MEK/ERK/miR-203/CUL1 signaling pathway may participate in this process.
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14
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Metro G, Chiari R, Bennati C, Cenci M, Ricciuti B, Puma F, Flacco A, Rebonato A, Giannarelli D, Ludovini V, Bellezza G, Ferolla P, Minotti V, Crinò L. Clinical Outcome With Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in Patients With Advanced Nonsquamous EGFR Wild-Type Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Segregated According to KRAS Mutation Status. Clin Lung Cancer 2014; 15:86-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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15
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Abstract
Recent groundbreaking discoveries have revealed that IGF-1, Ras, MEK, AMPK, TSC1/2, FOXO, PI3K, mTOR, S6K, and NFκB are involved in the aging process. This is remarkable because the same signaling molecules, oncoproteins and tumor suppressors, are well-known targets for cancer therapy. Furthermore, anti-cancer drugs aimed at some of these targets have been already developed. This arsenal could be potentially employed for anti-aging interventions (given that similar signaling molecules are involved in both cancer and aging). In cancer, intrinsic and acquired resistance, tumor heterogeneity, adaptation, and genetic instability of cancer cells all hinder cancer-directed therapy. But for anti-aging applications, these hurdles are irrelevant. For example, since anti-aging interventions should be aimed at normal postmitotic cells, no selection for resistance is expected. At low doses, certain agents may decelerate aging and age-related diseases. Importantly, deceleration of aging can in turn postpone cancer, which is an age-related disease.
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16
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Li C, Hong W. Research status and funding trends of lung cancer biomarkers. J Thorac Dis 2013; 5:698-705. [PMID: 24255784 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2013.10.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of malignant tumors with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world. At present, research of early diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and metastasis associated biomarkers is most active. This article reviewed the research status of lung cancer biomarkers and analyzed the funding situation in the field of lung cancer markers in recent 10 years in China and abroad, to provide a reference for the future basic and clinical translational research of lung cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Li
- Department of Health Science, National Natural Science Fundation of China, Beijing 100083, China
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17
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Dual inhibition of MEK1/2 and EGFR synergistically induces caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in EGFR inhibitor-resistant lung cancer cells via BIM upregulation. Invest New Drugs 2013; 31:1458-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s10637-013-0030-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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