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Nguyen J, Chandekar A, Laurel S, Dosanjh J, Gupta K, Le J, Hirschberg H. Fibrin glue mediated direct delivery of radiation sensitizers results in enhanced efficacy of radiation treatment. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:101. [PMID: 38573401 PMCID: PMC10994896 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00953-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation therapy (RT) plays an important role in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). However, inherent intrinsic resistance of tumors to radiation, coupled with the need to consider the tolerance of normal tissues and the potential effects on neurocognitive function, impose constraints on the amount of RT that can be safely delivered. A strategy for augmenting the effectiveness of RT involves the utilization of radiation sensitizers (RS). Directly implanting RS-loaded fibrin glue (FG) into the tumor resection cavity would by-pass the blood brain barrier, potentially enhancing the impact of RT on tumor recurrence. This study investigated the ability of FG to incorporate and release, in non-degraded form, the radiation sensitizers 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) and Motexafin gadolinium (MGd). METHODS FG layers were created in a 24-well plate by combining thrombin, fibrinogen, and 5FU or MGd. Supernatants from these layers were collected at various intervals and added to F98 glioma spheroid cultures in 96-well plates. Radiation was applied either before or after RS application as single or fractionated dosages. Spheroid growth was monitored for 14 days. RESULTS Combined treatment of FG-released 5FU and RT significantly inhibited spheroid growth compared to RS or RT as a single treatment. As a free drug, MGd demonstrated its efficacy in reducing spheroid volume, but had diminished potency as a released RS. Fractionated radiation was more effective than single dose radiation. CONCLUSION Non-degraded RS was released from the FG for up to 72 h. FG-released 5FU greatly increased the efficacy of radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Nguyen
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA.
| | - Akhil Chandekar
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Sophia Laurel
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Jazleen Dosanjh
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Keya Gupta
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Justin Le
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Henry Hirschberg
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
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Korany DA, Said RS, Ayoub IM, Labib RM, El-Ahmady SH, Singab ANB. Protective effects of Brownea grandiceps (Jacq.) against ϒ-radiation-induced enteritis in rats in relation to its secondary metabolome fingerprint. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 146:112603. [PMID: 35062069 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation enteritis is the most common complication of radiotherapy in patients with pelvic malignancies. Thus, the radioprotective activity of the total hydro-alcoholic extract (BGE) and the ethyl acetate soluble fraction (EAF) of Brownea grandiceps leaves was evaluated against ϒ-radiation-induced enteritis in rats. (BGE) and (EAF) were characterized using HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS analysis. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also quantified. In vivo administration of (BGE) (400 mg/kg) and (EAF) (200 & 400 mg/kg) prevented intestinal injury and maintained the mucosal integrity of irradiated rats through increasing villi length and promoting crypt regeneration. Also, (EAF) showed more potent antioxidant activity than (BGE) through reduction of MDA level and enhancement of GSH content and catalase enzyme activity. (BGE) and (EAF) down-regulated intestinal NF-κB expression leading to diminished expression of downstream inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. Moreover, (EAF) markedly reduced the expression of profibrotic marker TGF-β1. Seventy-nine compounds were tentatively identified, including flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, polar lipids and phenolic acids. (EAF) showed significantly higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents, as compared to (BGE). Results revealed remarkable radioprotective activity of (BGE) and (EAF), with significantly higher activity for (EAF). The chemical constituents of (BGE) and (EAF) strongly supported their radioprotective activity. To the best of our knowledge, the present study describes for the first time the radioprotective activity of B. grandiceps leaves in relation to its secondary metabolome fingerprint; emphasizing the great promise of B. grandiceps leaves, especially (EAF), to be used as natural radio-protective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa A Korany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Riham S Said
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research & Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iriny M Ayoub
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rola M Labib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherweit H El-Ahmady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser B Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, 11566, Cairo, Egypt; Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Heat Killed Salmonella typhimurium Protects Intestine Against Radiation Injury Through Wnt Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:5550956. [PMID: 34239563 PMCID: PMC8233082 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5550956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity caused by ionizing radiation (IR) is a dose limiting factor in radiotherapy and a great threat for individual nuclear-related military missions. However, there are currently no available strategies to effectively prevent the damage on the intestine induced by IR. In the present study, the protective activity of Heat Killed Salmonella typhimurium (HKST) on intestine against IR was investigated. Through mouse intestinal organoids and whole body irradiation of mice, we found that the pretreatment with HKST significantly preserved the structure of small intestine upon IR exposure and promoted the proliferation of intestinal cells post-IR. Further study revealed that the radioprotective effects of HKST were involved in DNA damage response (DDR) signaling. Moreover, the stimulation of DDR signaling by HKST upon radiation damage was mediated by Wnt signaling, in which the inhibition of Wnt signaling diminished the radioprotective effects of HKST. To sum up, our study suggested HKST as a potential radioprotectant used for prevention of IR-induced GI toxicity.
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Sh G, Monfared A S, E Z, A KK, J A, Z A, S B. Changes in the Radiation Toxicity of Human Lymphoblastic T-cell Line (Jurkat) by a Common Pesticide: Diazinon. J Biomed Phys Eng 2020; 10:147-154. [PMID: 32337181 PMCID: PMC7166222 DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diazinon is one of the most common pesticides in the world playing a similar role to radiation and it could cause DNA breaks and genetic effects. OBJECTIVE In this study, radiosensitivity of a lymphoblastic cell line pretreated by Diazinon was investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this case-control study, the human lymphoblastic T-cell line was divided into 6 groups based on receiving radiation or/and Diazinon. After that, the DNA damage, in all of the groups, were counted by cytokinesis-block micronuclei assay using different indices. RESULTS The mean frequency of micronuclei, nuclear bridges and nuclear buds in cell groups exposed by both Diazinon and radiation were remarkably higher than the other groups which just received radiation or Diazinon alone. The interaction between radiation and Diazinon treatment was statistically significant for NBUDS index. CONCLUSION The results indicated that the Diazinon contamination could affect the radiosensitivity index of cancerous cells while further molecular and in-vivo studies are needed to investigate genetic and toxic effects of Diazinon on DNA and its repair system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghasemi Sh
- MSc, Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Shabestani Monfared A
- PhD, Cancer Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- PhD, Department of Medical Physics Radio-biology and Radiation Protection, Faculty of Medicine, Babol Univer-sity of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Zabihi E
- PhD, Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Asadi J
- PhD, Biochemistry and Metabolic Disorders Re-search Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Abedian Z
- PhD Candidate, Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medi-cal Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Borzoueisileh S
- PhD Candidate, Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medi-cal Sciences, Babol, Iran
- PhD Candidate, Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Li Y, Ma S, Zhang Y, Yao M, Zhu X, Guan F. (−)-Epicatechin mitigates radiation-induced intestinal injury and promotes intestinal regeneration via suppressing oxidative stress. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:851-864. [PMID: 31234659 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1635692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanting Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Minghao Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiangzhan Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangxia Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Xu Y, Chen Y, Liu H, Lei X, Guo J, Cao K, Liu C, Li B, Cai J, Ju J, Gao F, Yang Y. Heat-killed salmonella typhimurium (HKST) protects mice against radiation in TLR4-dependent manner. Oncotarget 2017; 8:67082-67093. [PMID: 28978017 PMCID: PMC5620157 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is urgently required to develop novel safe and effective radioprotectors to alleviate radiation damages. Recently, several toll like receptors (TLRs), including TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, TLR9, have been proved to exert protective effects against ionizing radiation. Due to different tissue-distribution and distinct functions of TLRs, we hypothesized that co-activation of multiple TLRs simultaneously may produce extensive and stronger radioprotective effects. In this study, we found the co-agonist of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR5, heat-killed salmonella typhimurium (HKST) significantly inhibited radiation-induced cell apoptosis, increased cell survival and alleviated DNA damage. HKST also prolonged animal survival and protected radiosensitive tissues against radiation damages, such as bone marrow, spleen and testis. Decrease of CD4+ and CD8+ cells were also reversed by HKST treatment. By using TLR2 and TLR4 knockout mice, we found that most of radioprotective effects of HKST were abrogated in TLR4 knock out mice. And HKST failed to inhibited cell apoptosis in TLR5 knock down cells. In conclusion, we demonstrated that HKST effectively protected cells and radiosensitive tissues against radiation injury in a TLR4 biased mechanism, suggesting HKST as a potential radioprotector with low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Lei
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Jiaming Guo
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Kun Cao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Bailong Li
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Jianming Cai
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Jintao Ju
- Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Fu Gao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Yanyong Yang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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Cohen EP, Fish BL, Imig JD, Moulder JE. Mitigation of normal tissue radiation injury: evidence from rat radiation nephropathy models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13566-015-0222-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Allison R, Dicker A. Minimizing morbidity in radiation oncology: a special issue from Future Oncology. Future Oncol 2015; 10:2303-5. [PMID: 25525839 DOI: 10.2217/fon.14.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ron Allison
- 21st Century Oncology, 801 WH Smith Boulevard, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
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