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Bahreyni Toosi MT, Azimian H, Salek R, Tabatabaei SA, Forghani MN, Dolat E. Evaluation of Relationship between Intrinsic Radiosensitivity (Survival Fraction at 2 Gy) and Gamma-H2AX Test and Apoptosis of Lymphocytes in Breast Cancer Patients. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SIGNALS & SENSORS 2024; 14:17. [PMID: 39100740 PMCID: PMC11296569 DOI: 10.4103/jmss.jmss_40_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Background Radiotherapy is one of the routine treatment strategies for breast cancer (BC) patients. Different responses of the patient to radiation due to different intrinsic radiosensitivity (RS) were induced to the researcher try to introduce a standard assay for the prediction of RS. Clonogenic assay is recognized as a gold standard method in this subject but because of some of its disadvantages, it is needed for alternative assays. In this study, two assays were evaluated for this reason in ten BC patients with different RSs. Methods The peripheral blood of 10 volunteers with BC was obtained, and the peripheral blood mononuclear cells were extracted. After exposed with 2 Gy, survival fraction at 2 Gy (SF2) was calculated by clonogenic assay. γ-H2AX assay was performed for all patients, and apoptosis assay was evaluated for three represented categorized patients. Results RS of patients showed SF2 and categorized in three groups (high, medium, and low RS). Double-strand breaks (DSBs) were decreased in high radiosensitive patients, but the residual DSBs were clearly higher than other two groups. It is shown that the repair system in these patients is lower active than others. Apoptosis frequency in patient 4 is highly active which could induce the enhancement of her RS. Conclusion γ-H2AX and apoptosis assays could predict the intrinsic RS, but evaluation of them separately is not sufficient for this aim. It is necessary to consider all the parameters together and consideration of the combination of assays could fit a better prediction of intrinsic RS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossein Azimian
- Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Roham Salek
- Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | | | - Elham Dolat
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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2
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Cherednichenko O, Pilyugina A, Nuraliev S, Azizbekova D. Persons chronically exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation: A cytogenetic dosimetry study. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2024; 894:503728. [PMID: 38432778 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2024.503728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The dosimetry and control of exposure for individuals chronically exposed to ionizing radiation are important and complex issues. Assessment may be optimized by evaluating individual adaptation and radiosensitivity, but it is not possible for a single model to account for all relevant parameters. Our goal was to develop approaches for the calculation of doses for persons chronically exposed to ionizing radiation, taking their radiosensitivities into consideration. On the basis of ex vivo radiation of blood samples, dose-effect models were constructed for dose ranges 0.01-2.0 and 0.01-0.4 Gy, using different cytogenetic criteria. The frequencies of "dicentric chromosomes and rings" at low doses are too low to have predictive value. The different responses of subjects to radiation made it possible to categorize them according to their radiosensitivities and to generate separate dose-effect curves for radiosensitive, average, and radioresistant individuals, reducing the amount of error in retrospective dosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Cherednichenko
- Laboratory of Genetic Monitoring, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan.
| | - Anastassiya Pilyugina
- Laboratory of Genetic Monitoring, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
| | - Serikbai Nuraliev
- Laboratory of Genetic Monitoring, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
| | - Dinara Azizbekova
- Laboratory of Genetic Monitoring, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
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3
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Houlihan OA, Redmond K, Fairmichael C, Lyons CA, McGarry CK, Mitchell D, Cole A, O'Connor J, McMahon S, Irvine D, Hyland W, Hanna M, Prise KM, Hounsell AR, O'Sullivan JM, Jain S. A Randomized Feasibility Trial of Stereotactic Prostate Radiation Therapy With or Without Elective Nodal Irradiation in High-Risk Localized Prostate Cancer (SPORT Trial). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:594-609. [PMID: 36893820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to establish the feasibility of a randomized clinical trial comparing SABR with prostate-only (P-SABR) or with prostate plus pelvic lymph nodes (PPN-SABR) in patients with unfavorable intermediate- or high-risk localized prostate cancer and to explore potential toxicity biomarkers. METHODS AND MATERIALS Thirty adult men with at least 1 of the following features were randomized 1:1 to P-SABR or PPN-SABR: clinical magnetic resonance imaging stage T3a N0 M0, Gleason score ≥7 (4+3), and prostate-specific antigen >20 ng/mL. P-SABR patients received 36.25 Gy/5 fractions/29 days, and PPN-SABR patients received 25 Gy/5 fractions to pelvic nodes, with the final cohort receiving a boost to the dominant intraprostatic lesion of 45 to 50 Gy. Phosphorylated gamma-H2AX (γH2AX) foci numbers, citrulline levels, and circulating lymphocyte counts were quantified. Acute toxicity information (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 4.03) was collected weekly at each treatment and at 6 weeks and 3 months. Physician-reported late Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) toxicity was recorded from 90 days to 36 months postcompletion of SABR. Patient-reported quality of life (Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite and International Prostate Symptom Score) scores were recorded with each toxicity time point. RESULTS The target recruitment was achieved, and treatment was successfully delivered in all patients. A total of 0% and 6.7% (P-SABR) and 6.7% and 20.0% (PPN-SABR) experienced acute grade ≥2 gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicity, respectively. At 3 years, 6.7% and 6.7% (P-SABR) and 13.3% and 33.3% (PPN-SABR) had experienced late grade ≥2 GI and GU toxicity, respectively. One patient (PPN-SABR) had late grade 3 GU toxicity (cystitis and hematuria). No other grade ≥3 toxicity was observed. In addition, 33.3% and 60% (P-SABR) and 64.3% and 92.9% (PPN-SABR) experienced a minimally clinically important change in late Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite bowel and urinary summary scores, respectively. γH2AX foci numbers at 1 hour after the first fraction were significantly higher in the PPN-SABR arm compared with the P-SABR arm (P = .04). Patients with late grade ≥1 GI toxicity had significantly greater falls in circulating lymphocytes (12 weeks post-radiation therapy, P = .01) and a trend toward higher γH2AX foci numbers (P = .09) than patients with no late toxicity. Patients with late grade ≥1 bowel toxicity and late diarrhea experienced greater falls in citrulline levels (P = .05). CONCLUSIONS A randomized trial comparing P-SABR with PPN-SABR is feasible with acceptable toxicity. Correlations of γH2AX foci, lymphocyte counts, and citrulline levels with irradiated volume and toxicity suggest potential as predictive biomarkers. This study has informed a multicenter, randomized, phase 3 clinical trial in the United Kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orla A Houlihan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland; Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
| | - Kelly Redmond
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Ciaran Fairmichael
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland; Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Ciara A Lyons
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland; Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Conor K McGarry
- Department of Radiotherapy Medical Physics, Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Darren Mitchell
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Aidan Cole
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - John O'Connor
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Stephen McMahon
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Denise Irvine
- Department of Radiotherapy Medical Physics, Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Wendy Hyland
- Department of Radiotherapy Medical Physics, Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Michael Hanna
- Northern Ireland Cancer Trials Network, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Kevin M Prise
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Alan R Hounsell
- Department of Radiotherapy Medical Physics, Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Joe M O'Sullivan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Suneil Jain
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland; Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
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Dhillon VS, Deo P, Fenech M. Effect of Selenium and Lycopene on Radiation Sensitivity in Prostate Cancer Patients Relative to Controls. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030979. [PMID: 36765936 PMCID: PMC9913686 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Almost half of prostate cancer (PC) patients receive radiation therapy as primary curative treatment. In spite of advances in our understanding of both nutrition and the genomics of prostate cancer, studies on the effects of nutrients on the radiation sensitivity of PC patients are lacking. We tested the hypothesis that low plasma levels of selenium and lycopene have detrimental effects on ionising radiation-induced DNA damage in prostate cancer patients relative to healthy individuals. The present study was performed in 106 PC patients and 132 age-matched controls. We found that the radiation-induced micronucleus (MN) and nuclear buds (NBuds) frequencies were significantly higher in PC patients with low selenium (p = 0.008 and p = 0.0006 respectively) or low lycopene (p = 0.007 and p = 0.0006 respectively) levels compared to the controls. The frequency of NBuds was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) in PC patients who had low levels of both selenium and lycopene compared to (i) controls with low levels of both selenium and lycopene and (ii) PC patients with high levels of both selenium and lycopene (p = 0.0001). Our results support the hypothesis that low selenium and lycopene levels increase the sensitivity to radiation-induced DNA damage and suggest that nutrition-based treatment strategies are important to minimise the DNA-damaging effects in PC patients receiving radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varinderpal S. Dhillon
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
- Correspondence: (V.S.D.); (M.F.)
| | - Permal Deo
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Michael Fenech
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
- Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton 5048, Australia
- Correspondence: (V.S.D.); (M.F.)
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Lapierre A, Bourillon L, Larroque M, Gouveia T, Bourgier C, Ozsahin M, Pèlegrin A, Azria D, Brengues M. Improving Patients’ Life Quality after Radiotherapy Treatment by Predicting Late Toxicities. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092097. [PMID: 35565227 PMCID: PMC9099838 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Over 50% of patients with cancer will receive radiotherapy treatment. Five to ten percent of patients who received radiotherapy will develop side effects. Identifying these patients before treatment start would allow for treatment modification to minimize these effects and improve the life quality of these patients. Our team developed a test, which allows predicting these secondary effects before starting the treatment. This will help in proposing personalized treatments to improve the outcome. This review presents how this test is performed, its results, as well as its modification in order to be used in hospitals. Abstract Personalized treatment and precision medicine have become the new standard of care in oncology and radiotherapy. Because treatment outcomes have considerably improved over the last few years, permanent side-effects are becoming an increasingly significant issue for cancer survivors. Five to ten percent of patients will develop severe late toxicity after radiotherapy. Identifying these patients before treatment start would allow for treatment adaptation to minimize definitive side effects that could impair their long-term quality of life. Over the last decades, several tests and biomarkers have been developed to identify these patients. However, out of these, only the Radiation-Induced Lymphocyte Apoptosis (RILA) assay has been prospectively validated in multi-center cohorts. This test, based on a simple blood draught, has been shown to be correlated with late radiation-induced toxicity in breast, prostate, cervical and head and neck cancer. It could therefore greatly improve decision making in precision radiation oncology. This literature review summarizes the development and bases of this assay, as well as its clinical results and compares its results to the other available assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Lapierre
- IRCM, INSERM, University Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (L.B.); (M.L.); (T.G.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (D.A.)
- Department of Radiotherapy-Oncology, Lyon-Sud Hospital Center, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Laura Bourillon
- IRCM, INSERM, University Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (L.B.); (M.L.); (T.G.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (D.A.)
| | - Marion Larroque
- IRCM, INSERM, University Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (L.B.); (M.L.); (T.G.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (D.A.)
| | - Tiphany Gouveia
- IRCM, INSERM, University Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (L.B.); (M.L.); (T.G.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (D.A.)
| | - Céline Bourgier
- IRCM, INSERM, University Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (L.B.); (M.L.); (T.G.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (D.A.)
| | | | - André Pèlegrin
- IRCM, INSERM, University Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (L.B.); (M.L.); (T.G.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (D.A.)
| | - David Azria
- IRCM, INSERM, University Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (L.B.); (M.L.); (T.G.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (D.A.)
| | - Muriel Brengues
- IRCM, INSERM, University Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (L.B.); (M.L.); (T.G.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (D.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-411-283-182
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6
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Cherednichenko O, Pilyugina A, Nuraliev S. Chronic human exposure to ionizing radiation: Individual variability of chromosomal aberration frequencies and G 0 radiosensitivities. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2022; 873:503434. [PMID: 35094813 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Bio-monitoring of human radiation exposure is based, as a rule, on a single analysis of chromosomal aberrations. Factors such as radiosensitivity, adaptation, and the stability of cytogenetic indices are not taken into account. We studied frequency of chromosome aberrations (FCA) and G0 chromosome radiosensitivity following in vitro γ-exposure, over a 2.5-year period, for 129 residents of the Dolon settlement, part of the extreme radiation risk zone, Semipalatinsk nuclear test site region, Kazakhstan. Radiosensitivity was evaluated on the basis of FCA and dose assessment by physical dosimetry. FCA was 3-fold higher in Dolon inhabitants as in the control group (p ≤ 0.01). The average coefficient of variability of spontaneous FCA was 31 %. In 20 % of the subjects, it was very high (50-70 %). Individual dose estimation in a single study in such individuals may lead to significant errors. Individual G0-chromosomal radiosensitivity showed less variation (18.7 %). Chronic low-dose irradiation was an adaptive factor to the damaging dose (1 Gy). Three methods of individual radiosensitivity assessment were considered, based on: G0-chromosomal radiosensitivity under additional in vitro γ-radiation; FCA and average dose per year; FCA and total dose received during years of residence in a radiocontaminated settlement, according to physical dosimetry. There is a significant difference in response (FCA) between radiosensitive and radioresistant individuals. This should be taken into account in individual dosimetry and risk assessment of radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Cherednichenko
- Laboratory of Genetic Monitoring, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty, 050060, Al-Faraby 93, Kazakhstan.
| | - Anastassiya Pilyugina
- Laboratory of Genetic Monitoring, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty, 050060, Al-Faraby 93, Kazakhstan
| | - Serikbai Nuraliev
- Laboratory of Genetic Monitoring, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty, 050060, Al-Faraby 93, Kazakhstan
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Vinnikov V, Hande MP, Wilkins R, Wojcik A, Zubizarreta E, Belyakov O. Prediction of the Acute or Late Radiation Toxicity Effects in Radiotherapy Patients Using Ex Vivo Induced Biodosimetric Markers: A Review. J Pers Med 2020; 10:E285. [PMID: 33339312 PMCID: PMC7766345 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10040285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A search for effective methods for the assessment of patients' individual response to radiation is one of the important tasks of clinical radiobiology. This review summarizes available data on the use of ex vivo cytogenetic markers, typically used for biodosimetry, for the prediction of individual clinical radiosensitivity (normal tissue toxicity, NTT) in cells of cancer patients undergoing therapeutic irradiation. In approximately 50% of the relevant reports, selected for the analysis in peer-reviewed international journals, the average ex vivo induced yield of these biodosimetric markers was higher in patients with severe reactions than in patients with a lower grade of NTT. Also, a significant correlation was sometimes found between the biodosimetric marker yield and the severity of acute or late NTT reactions at an individual level, but this observation was not unequivocally proven. A similar controversy of published results was found regarding the attempts to apply G2- and γH2AX foci assays for NTT prediction. A correlation between ex vivo cytogenetic biomarker yields and NTT occurred most frequently when chromosome aberrations (not micronuclei) were measured in lymphocytes (not fibroblasts) irradiated to relatively high doses (4-6 Gy, not 2 Gy) in patients with various grades of late (not early) radiotherapy (RT) morbidity. The limitations of existing approaches are discussed, and recommendations on the improvement of the ex vivo cytogenetic testing for NTT prediction are provided. However, the efficiency of these methods still needs to be validated in properly organized clinical trials involving large and verified patient cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Vinnikov
- S.P. Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology and Oncology, National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine, 61024 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Manoor Prakash Hande
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, MD9, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
| | - Ruth Wilkins
- Consumer and Clinical Radiation Protection Bureau, Health Canada, 775 Brookfield Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 1C1, Canada;
| | - Andrzej Wojcik
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, MBW Department, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20C, Room 515, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Eduardo Zubizarreta
- Section of Applied Radiation Biology and Radiotherapy, Division of Human Health, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Oleg Belyakov
- Section of Applied Radiation Biology and Radiotherapy, Division of Human Health, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria;
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8
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Pouri M, Shaghaghi Z, Ghasemi A, Hosseinimehr SJ. Radioprotective Effect of Gliclazide as an Anti-Hyperglycemic Agent Against Genotoxicity Induced by Ionizing Radiation on Human Lymphocytes. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2019; 17:40-46. [PMID: 31124426 PMCID: PMC6865074 DOI: 10.2174/1871525717666190524092918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Gliclazide (GL) is widely used to reduce hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of GL against chromosome damage induced by ionizing radiation in human blood lymphocytes. Methods: In this experimental study, peripheral blood samples were collected from human volunteers and treated with GL at various concentrations (5, 25, 50 or 100 μM) for three hours. Then samples were irradiated to X-ray (1.5 Gy). Blood samples were cultured with mitogenic stimulation. The frequencies of micronuclei in cytokinesis-blocked binucleated lymphocytes were determined in the different samples. The antioxidant activities of GL were assayed by two different methods as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical (DPPH) free radical scavenging and reducing antioxidant power assays. Results: GL significantly reduced the percentage of micronuclei in lymphocytes which were irradiated. The maximum radioprotection in the reduction of percentage of micronuclei in lymphocytes was observed at 100 μM of GL with 52% efficacy. GL exhibited excellent free radical scavenging activity and reducing power at concentration dependent activities. The IC50 values of GL were lower than ascorbic acid. Higher potencies were observed in the antioxidant activities for GL than ascorbic acid in both methods. Conclusion: This data exhibits that GL is a powerful radioprotective agent that could protect healthy cells against the chromosome damage induced by ionizing radiation through antioxidant activity. The radioprotective effect is new indication of GL for patients' protection against side effect induced by ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa Pouri
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Zahra Shaghaghi
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Clinical Development Research Unit of Farshchian Heart Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Arash Ghasemi
- Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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9
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Asghari M, Shaghaghi Z, Farzipour S, Ghasemi A, Hosseinimehr SJ. Radioprotective effect of olanzapine as an anti-psychotic drug against genotoxicity and apoptosis induced by ionizing radiation on human lymphocytes. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:5909-5917. [PMID: 31407246 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Olanzapine (OLA), is prescribed as an anti-psychotic medicine in schizophrenia patients. In this study, the protective effect of OLA against genotoxicity and apoptosis induced by ionizing radiation in human healthy lymphocytes was evaluated. At first, the antioxidant activities of OLA were assayed by two different methods as free radical scavenging with DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl) and ferric reducing power methods. In in vitro experiment, human blood samples were treated with OLA at various concentrations (0.25-20 μM) for 3 h and then were exposed to X-ray at a dose of 150 cGy. The genotoxicity was assessed in binucleated human lymphocytes with micronuclei assay. The apoptotic lymphocytes were assessed by flow cytometry in OLA treated and/or irradiated lymphocytes. OLA exhibited free radical scavenging and reducing power activities more than ascorbic acid. The results showed that the lymphocytes treated with OLA and later exposed to IR presented lower frequencies of micronuclei and apoptosis compared to the control sample which was irradiated and not treated to OLA. The maximum radioprotection was observed at 20 μM of OLA with 83% of efficacy. The present study suggested the protective role for OLA in protection radiation-induced genetic damage and apoptosis induced by ionizing irradiation in human normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Asghari
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Zahra Shaghaghi
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Clinical Development Research Unit of Farshchian Heart Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Soghra Farzipour
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Arash Ghasemi
- Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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10
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Rajaraman P, Hauptmann M, Bouffler S, Wojcik A. Human individual radiation sensitivity and prospects for prediction. Ann ICRP 2018; 47:126-141. [PMID: 29648458 DOI: 10.1177/0146645318764091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the past few decades, it has become increasingly evident that sensitivity to ionising radiation is variable. This is true for tissue reactions (deterministic effects) after high doses of radiation, for stochastic effects following moderate and possibly low doses, and conceivably also for non-cancer effects such as cardiovascular disease, the causal pathway(s) of which are not yet fully understood. A high sensitivity to deterministic effects is not necessarily correlated with a high sensitivity to stochastic effects. The concept of individual sensitivity to high and low doses of radiation has long been supported by data from patients with certain rare hereditary conditions. However, these syndromes only affect a small proportion of the general population. More relevant to the majority of the population is the notion that some part of the genetic contribution defining radiation sensitivity may follow a polygenic model, which predicts elevated risk resulting from the inheritance of many low-penetrance risk-modulating alleles. Can the different forms of individual radiation sensitivities be inferred from the reaction of cells exposed ex vivo to ionising radiation? Can they be inferred from analyses of individual genotypes? This paper reviews current evidence from studies of late adverse tissue reactions after radiotherapy in potentially sensitive groups, including data from functional assays, candidate gene approaches, and genome-wide association studies. It focuses on studies published in 2013 or later because a comprehensive review of earlier studies was published previously in a report by the UK Advisory Group on Ionising Radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Hauptmann
- b Netherlands Cancer Institute, The Netherlands
| | | | - A Wojcik
- d Centre for Radiation Protection Research, MBW Department, Stockholm University, Sweden.,e Jan Kochanowski University, Poland
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11
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Azria D, Brengues M, Gourgou S, Bourgier C. Personalizing Breast Cancer Irradiation Using Biology: From Bench to the Accelerator. Front Oncol 2018; 8:83. [PMID: 29675397 PMCID: PMC5895767 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
While adjuvant treatments of early breast cancers (BCs) had significantly improved patients’ overall survival, some of them will still develop locoregional relapses and/or severe late radio-induced toxicities. Here, we propose to review how to personalize locoregional treatment by identifying patients at high and low risk of locoregional relapse, patients at risk of late radio-induced side effects. We will, therefore, discuss how to enhance BC radiosensitivity. Finally, we will address how personalized radiotherapy could be implemented in prospective clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Azria
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Muriel Brengues
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Gourgou
- Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Celine Bourgier
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
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12
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Azria D, Lapierre A, Gourgou S, De Ruysscher D, Colinge J, Lambin P, Brengues M, Ward T, Bentzen SM, Thierens H, Rancati T, Talbot CJ, Vega A, Kerns SL, Andreassen CN, Chang-Claude J, West CML, Gill CM, Rosenstein BS. Data-Based Radiation Oncology: Design of Clinical Trials in the Toxicity Biomarkers Era. Front Oncol 2017; 7:83. [PMID: 28497027 PMCID: PMC5406456 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to stratify patients using a set of biomarkers, which predict that toxicity risk would allow for radiotherapy (RT) modulation and serve as a valuable tool for precision medicine and personalized RT. For patients presenting with tumors with a low risk of recurrence, modifying RT schedules to avoid toxicity would be clinically advantageous. Indeed, for the patient at low risk of developing radiation-associated toxicity, use of a hypofractionated protocol could be proposed leading to treatment time reduction and a cost-utility advantage. Conversely, for patients predicted to be at high risk for toxicity, either a more conformal form or a new technique of RT, or a multidisciplinary approach employing surgery could be included in the trial design to avoid or mitigate RT when the potential toxicity risk may be higher than the risk of disease recurrence. In addition, for patients at high risk of recurrence and low risk of toxicity, dose escalation, such as a greater boost dose, or irradiation field extensions could be considered to improve local control without severe toxicities, providing enhanced clinical benefit. In cases of high risk of toxicity, tumor control should be prioritized. In this review, toxicity biomarkers with sufficient evidence for clinical testing are presented. In addition, clinical trial designs and predictive models are described for different clinical situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Azria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiobiology Unit, Biometric and Bio-informatic Divisions, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), IRCM, INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France
| | - Ariane Lapierre
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiobiology Unit, Biometric and Bio-informatic Divisions, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), IRCM, INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Gourgou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiobiology Unit, Biometric and Bio-informatic Divisions, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), IRCM, INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France
| | - Dirk De Ruysscher
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, MAASTRO Clinic, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Radiation Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jacques Colinge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiobiology Unit, Biometric and Bio-informatic Divisions, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), IRCM, INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Lambin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, MAASTRO Clinic, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Muriel Brengues
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiobiology Unit, Biometric and Bio-informatic Divisions, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), IRCM, INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France
| | - Tim Ward
- Patient Advocate, Manchester, UK
| | - Søren M. Bentzen
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hubert Thierens
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tiziana Rancati
- Prostate Cancer Program, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Ana Vega
- Fundacion Publica Galega de Medicina Xenomica-SERGAS, Grupo de Medicina Xenomica-USC, IDIS, CIBERER, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sarah L. Kerns
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Catharine M. L. West
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Christie Hospital NHS Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Corey M. Gill
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Barry S. Rosenstein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Brengues M, Lapierre A, Bourgier C, Pèlegrin A, Özsahin M, Azria D. T lymphocytes to predict radiation-induced late effects in normal tissues. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2016; 17:119-127. [DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2017.1271715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Brengues
- Immunotargeting and Radiobiology in Oncology, IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- INSERM, U1194, Montpellier, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Cancer Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ariane Lapierre
- Immunotargeting and Radiobiology in Oncology, IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- INSERM, U1194, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Cancer Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Céline Bourgier
- Immunotargeting and Radiobiology in Oncology, IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- INSERM, U1194, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Cancer Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - André Pèlegrin
- Immunotargeting and Radiobiology in Oncology, IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- INSERM, U1194, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Cancer Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - David Azria
- Immunotargeting and Radiobiology in Oncology, IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- INSERM, U1194, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Cancer Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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