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Stifter K, Dekhtiarenko I, Krieger J, Tissot AC, Seufferlein T, Wagner M, Schirmbeck R. A tumor-specific neoepitope expressed in homologous/self or heterologous/viral antigens induced comparable effector CD8 + T-cell responses by DNA vaccination. Vaccine 2020; 38:3711-3719. [PMID: 32278524 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Somatic mutations in tumors often generate neoproteins that contain MHC-I-binding neoepitopes. Little is known if and how efficient tumor-specific neoantigens activate CD8+ T cells. Here, we asked whether a de novo generated neoepitope, encoded either within an otherwise conserved and ubiquitously expressed self-antigen or in a chimeric HBV core antigen expression platform, providing heterologous helper functions, induces CD8+ T cells in C57Bl/6J mice by DNA immunization. For it, we chose an established Db/Sp244-252/R251H neoepitope generated in the murine Endophilin-B2/SH3GLB2 (EndoB2-Sp) protein by a single amino acid exchange. We showed that a single injection of EndoB2-Sp expression vectors efficiently primed dimer/pentamer+, IFN-γ+ and cytolytic Db/Sp244-252/R251H-specific effector CD8+ T cells in C57Bl/6J mice. Priming of Db/Sp244-252/R251H-specific CD8+ T cells proceeded independent from CD4+ T-cell help in MHC-II-deficient Aα-/- mice. As compared to the homologous EndoB2-Sp vaccine, the selective expression of the Db/Sp244-252/R251H neoepitope in chimeric particle-forming and assembly-deficient HBV core antigens induced comparable frequencies Db/Sp244-252/R251H-specific CD8+ T cells with the same cytolytic effector phenotype. The homologous EndoB2 carrier, but not the nine-residue neoepitope presented on chimeric HBV core particles, induced EndoB2-specific IgG antibody responses. The HBV core expression platform is thus an attractive option to selectively induce neoepitope-specific effector CD8+ T cells by DNA vaccination. These novel findings have practical implications for the design of heterologous/self and heterologous/viral cancer vaccines that prime and/or activate neoepitope-specific CD8+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Stifter
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Albert Einstein Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Iryna Dekhtiarenko
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Albert Einstein Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Jana Krieger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Albert Einstein Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Alain Charles Tissot
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities, Large Molecule Research, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Roche Diagnostics GmbH; Nonnenwald 2, 82377 Penzberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Seufferlein
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Albert Einstein Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin Wagner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Albert Einstein Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Reinhold Schirmbeck
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Albert Einstein Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
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Ghosh S, Sarkar M, Ghosh T, Guha I, Bhuniya A, Biswas J, Mallick A, Bose A, Baral R. Absence of CD4(+) T cell help generates corrupt CD8(+) effector T cells in sarcoma-bearing Swiss mice treated with NLGP vaccine. Immunol Lett 2016; 175:31-9. [PMID: 27178306 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
One of the prime objectives of cancer immunology and immunotherapy is to study the issues related to rescue and/or maintenance of the optimum effector CD8(+) T cell functions by minimizing tumor-induced negative factors. In this regard the influence of host intrinsic CD4(+) helper T cells towards generation and maintenance of CD8(+) effector T cells appears controversial in different experimental settings. Therefore, the present study was aimed to re-analyze the influence of CD4(+) helper T cells towards effector T cells during neem leaf glycoprotein (NLGP)-vaccine-mediated tumor growth restriction. CD4 depletion (mAb; Clone GK1.5) surprisingly resulted in significant increase in CD8(+) T cells in different immune organs from NLGP-treated sarcoma-bearing mice. However, such CD8 surge could not restrict the sarcoma growth in NLGP-treated CD4-depleted mice. Furthermore, CD4 depletion in early phase hinders CD8(+) T cell activation and terminal differentiation by targeting crucial transcription factor Runx3. CD4 depletion decreases accumulation of CD8α(+) dendritic cells within tumor draining lymph node, hampers antigen cross priming and CD86-CD28 interactions for optimum CD8(+) T cell functions. In order to search the mechanism of CD4(+) T cell help on NLGP-mediated CD8 effector functions, the role of CD4(+) helper T cell-derived IL-2 on optimization of CD8 functions was found using STAT5 signaling, but complete response requires physical contact of CD4(+) helper T cells with its CD8 counterpart. In conclusion, it was found that CD4(+) T cell help is not required to generate CD8(+) T cells but was found to be an integral phenomenon in maintenance of its anti-tumor functions even in NLGP-vaccine-mediated sarcoma growth restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarbari Ghosh
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700 026, India
| | - Madhurima Sarkar
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700 026, India
| | - Tithi Ghosh
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700 026, India
| | - Ipsita Guha
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700 026, India
| | - Avishek Bhuniya
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700 026, India
| | - Jaydip Biswas
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Medical Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700 026, India
| | - Atanu Mallick
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700 026, India
| | - Anamika Bose
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700 026, India
| | - Rathindranath Baral
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700 026, India.
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Bulman A, Neagu M, Constantin C. Immunomics in Skin Cancer - Improvement in Diagnosis, Prognosis and Therapy Monitoring. CURR PROTEOMICS 2013; 10:202-217. [PMID: 24228023 PMCID: PMC3821382 DOI: 10.2174/1570164611310030003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This review will focus on the elements of the skin’s immune system, immune cells and/or non-immune cells that support immune mechanisms, molecules with immune origin and/or immune functions that are involved in skin
carcinogenesis. All these immune elements are compulsory in the development of skin tumors and/or sustainability of the neoplastic process. In this light, recent data gathered in this review will acknowledge all immune elements that contribute to skin tumorigenesis; moreover, they can serve as immune biomarkers. These immune markers can contribute to the
diagnostic improvement, prognosis forecast, therapy monitoring, and even personalized therapeutical approach in skin cancer. Immune processes that sustain tumorigenesis in non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancers are described in the framework of recent data.
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