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Alamoudi A. Nanoengineering and Surface Modifications of Dental Implants. Cureus 2024; 16:e51526. [PMID: 38304686 PMCID: PMC10833059 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Dental implants are one of the most important and successful advancements in modern dentistry. One aspect of dental implant design that influences the rate and degree of osseointegration is implant surface features. Nano-engineering techniques are anticipated to improve titanium dentistry implants' surface characteristics, which in turn promote peri-implant osteogenesis. In this paper, we review the recent advances in nanosurface engineering techniques for enhancing the bioactivity of dental implants.
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Reengineering Bone-Implant Interfaces for Improved Mechanotransduction and Clinical Outcomes. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 16:1121-1138. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10022-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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3
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A novel BSA immobilizing manner on modified titanium surface ameliorates osteoblast performance. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 190:110888. [PMID: 32114272 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.110888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Surface modification of medical and dental devices, to improve their biocorrosion resistance and biocompatibility, can be achieved with the multidisciplinary field of biomaterials. Nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been employed as surface modifier of titanium-based biomaterials because it can prevent the failure of the devices due to wear mechanisms. Moreover, this oxide surface is mostly terminated by hydroxyl groups (-OH) that can be directly functionalized with biomolecules to improve the biocompatibility of these devices. We explored the influence of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) molecules as spacers in bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein immobilization on the physically hydroxylated surfaces of rutile phase TiO2 films grown by reactive Radio Frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) was used to examine the adsorption of BSA and APTMS on the hydroxylated surface of TiO2 thin films. For biological tests, BSA was directly immobilized on the film surface and on the APTMS monolayer. Biological analysis found better osteoblast performance considering gene markers related to cell adhesion after interacting directly with the surface modified by the immobilization of BSA, especially on the surface where this protein was immobilized by APTMS. Additionally, we addressed the relevance of this biointerfaces on extracellular matrix remodeling by zymography analysis. Altogether, our data provides new insights about the cellular and molecular mechanisms covering the improved osteoblastic response of the proposed surface modification.
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Wu J, Huang J, Yun J, Yang J, Yang J, Fok A, Wang Y. Enzyme-Directed Biomineralization Coating on TiO2 Nanotubes and its Positive Effect on Osteogenesis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:2769-2777. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Wu
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Jingyan Huang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Jiaojiao Yun
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Jiajun Yang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Jinghong Yang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Alex Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Yan Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
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Zhu WQ, Yu YJ, Xu LN, Ming PP, Shao SY, Qiu J. Regulation of osteoblast behaviors via cross-talk between Hippo/YAP and MAPK signaling pathway under fluoride exposure. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:1003-1017. [PMID: 31055605 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01785-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Titanium is widely used in implant materials, while excessive fluoride may have negative effects on the osseointegration between the titanium and osteoblasts. Although the underlying mechanisms are still not clear, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) or Yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling pathways are thought to be involved. This study evaluated the role of Hippo/YAP and MAPK signaling pathway in osteoblast behaviors under excessive fluoride exposure in vitro and in vivo. Commercially pure Ti (cp-Ti) samples were exposed to fluoride (0, 0.1, and 1.0 mM NaF) for 7 days. Cell adhesion was observed using a laser scanning confocal microscope. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The expressions of osteoblast markers and key molecules in MAPK and YAP pathway were detected by Western blot. In vivo studies were evaluated by histology methods in C57/BL6 mice model. Our results showed that 1.0 mM NaF destroyed the passivation film on cp-Ti surface, which further inhibited the osteoblast adhesion and spreading. Meanwhile, compared to other groups, 1.0 mM NaF led to a remarkable reduction in cell viability (P < 0.05), as well as increased apoptosis (P < 0.05) and downregulation of osteogenesis protein expression (P < 0.05). MAPK and YAP signaling pathways were also activated under 1.0 mM NaF exposure, and JNK seemed to regulate YAP phosphorylation in response to NaF impacts on osteoblasts. In vivo fluorosis mouse model further indicated that 100 ppm NaF group (high fluoride group) increased bone resorption and inhibited the nuclear translocation of YAP. The osteoblast behaviors were negatively altered under excessive fluoride, and MAPK/JNK axis contributed to YAP signaling activation in regulating NaF-induced osteoblast behaviors. KEY MESSAGES: • Excessive fluoride inhibited osteoblast behaviors and bone formation. • YAP and MAPK signaling pathways were activated in osteoblasts under fluoride exposure. • Fluoride regulated osteoblast behaviors via the cross-talk between YAP and MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qing Zhu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Juan Yu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Na Xu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan-Pan Ming
- Department of Stomatology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shui-Yi Shao
- Department of Oral Implantology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Qiu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Physicochemical characterization of albumin immobilized on different TiO2 surfaces for use in implant materials. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Hazell G, Fisher LE, Murray WA, Nobbs AH, Su B. Bioinspired bactericidal surfaces with polymer nanocone arrays. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 528:389-399. [PMID: 29870825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Infections resulting from bacterial biofilm formation on the surface of medical devices are challenging to treat and can cause significant patient morbidity. Recently, it has become apparent that regulation of surface nanotopography can render surfaces bactericidal. In this study, poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanocone arrays are generated through a polystyrene nanosphere-mask colloidal lithographic process. It is shown that modification of the mask diameter leads to a direct modification of centre-to-centre spacing between nanocones. By altering the oxygen plasma etching time it is possible to modify the height, tip width and base diameter of the individual nanocone features. The bactericidal activity of the nanocone arrays was investigated against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. It is shown that surfaces with the most densely populated nanocone arrays (center-to-center spacing of 200 nm), higher aspect ratios (>3) and tip widths <20 nm kill the highest percentage of bacteria (∼30%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Hazell
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Leanne E Fisher
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, United Kingdom
| | - W Andrew Murray
- School of Physics, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - Angela H Nobbs
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, United Kingdom
| | - Bo Su
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, United Kingdom
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Gui N, Xu W, Myers DE, Shukla R, Tang HP, Qian M. The effect of ordered and partially ordered surface topography on bone cell responses: a review. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:250-264. [DOI: 10.1039/c7bm01016h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Current understanding of the role of ordered and partially ordered surface topography in bone cell responses for bone implant design.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Gui
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing
- School of Engineering
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - W. Xu
- Department of Engineering
- Macquarie University
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - D. E. Myers
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science
- Victoria University and University of Melbourne
- Australia
- College of Health and Biomedicine
- Victoria University
| | - R. Shukla
- Nanobiotechnology Research Laboratory and Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry
- School of Science
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - H. P. Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials
- Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research
- and Xi'an Sailong Metal Materials Co. Ltd
- Xi'an 710016
- China
| | - M. Qian
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing
- School of Engineering
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
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Linklater DP, Juodkazis S, Ivanova EP. Nanofabrication of mechano-bactericidal surfaces. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:16564-16585. [PMID: 29082999 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr05881k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The search for alternatives to the standard methods of preventing bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on biotic and abiotic surfaces alike has led to the use of biomimetics to reinvent through nanofabrication methods, surfaces, whereby the nanostructured topography is directly responsible for bacterial inactivation through physico-mechanical means. Plant leaves, insect wings, and animal skin have been used to inspire the fabrication of synthetic high-aspect-ratio nanopillared surfaces, which can resist bacterial colonisation. The adaptation of bacteria to survive in the presence of antibiotics and their ability to form biofilms on conventional antibacterial surfaces has led to an increase in persistent infections caused by resistant strains of bacteria. This presents a worldwide health epidemic that can only be mitigated through the search for a new generation of biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denver P Linklater
- Faculty of Life and Social Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia.
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Barthes J, Ciftci S, Ponzio F, Knopf-Marques H, Pelyhe L, Gudima A, Kientzl I, Bognár E, Weszl M, Kzhyshkowska J, Vrana NE. Review: the potential impact of surface crystalline states of titanium for biomedical applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2017; 38:423-437. [PMID: 28882077 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2017.1363707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In many biomedical applications, titanium forms an interface with tissues, which is crucial to ensure its long-term stability and safety. In order to exert control over this process, titanium implants have been treated with various methods that induce physicochemical changes at nano and microscales. In the past 20 years, most of the studies have been conducted to see the effect of topographical and physicochemical changes of titanium surface after surface treatments on cells behavior and bacteria adhesion. In this review, we will first briefly present some of these surface treatments either chemical or physical and we explain the biological responses to titanium with a specific focus on adverse immune reactions. More recently, a new trend has emerged in titanium surface science with a focus on the crystalline phase of titanium dioxide and the associated biological responses. In these recent studies, rutile and anatase are the major two polymorphs used for biomedical applications. In the second part of this review, we consider this emerging topic of the control of the crystalline phase of titanium and discuss its potential biological impacts. More in-depth analysis of treatment-related surface crystalline changes can significantly improve the control over titanium/host tissue interface and can result in considerable decreases in implant-related complications, which is currently a big burden on the healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Barthes
- a Fundamental Research Unit , Protip Medical , Strasbourg , France.,b INSERM, UMR-S 1121 , , "Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie" , Strasbourg Cedex , France
| | - Sait Ciftci
- b INSERM, UMR-S 1121 , , "Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie" , Strasbourg Cedex , France.,c Service ORL , Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France
| | - Florian Ponzio
- b INSERM, UMR-S 1121 , , "Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie" , Strasbourg Cedex , France.,d Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg , Fédération des Matériaux et Nanoscience d'Alsace (FMNA), Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire , Strasbourg , France
| | - Helena Knopf-Marques
- b INSERM, UMR-S 1121 , , "Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie" , Strasbourg Cedex , France.,d Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg , Fédération des Matériaux et Nanoscience d'Alsace (FMNA), Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire , Strasbourg , France
| | - Liza Pelyhe
- e Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering , Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Alexandru Gudima
- f Medical Faculty Mannheim , Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany
| | - Imre Kientzl
- e Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering , Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Eszter Bognár
- e Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering , Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Budapest , Hungary.,g MTA-BME Research Group for Composite Science and Technology , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Miklós Weszl
- h Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Julia Kzhyshkowska
- f Medical Faculty Mannheim , Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany.,i German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen , Mannheim , Germany
| | - Nihal Engin Vrana
- a Fundamental Research Unit , Protip Medical , Strasbourg , France.,b INSERM, UMR-S 1121 , , "Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie" , Strasbourg Cedex , France
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11
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Hindy A, Farahmand F, Tabatabaei FS. In vitro biological outcome of laser application for modification or processing of titanium dental implants. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 32:1197-1206. [PMID: 28451816 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2217-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
There are numerous functions for laser in modern implant dentistry including surface treatment, surface coating, and implant manufacturing. As laser application may potentially improve osseointegration of dental implants, we systematically reviewed the literature for in vitro biological responses to laser-modified or processed titanium dental implants. The literature was searched in PubMed, ISI Web, and Scopus, using keywords "titanium dental implants," "laser," "biocompatibility," and their synonyms. After screening the 136 references obtained, 28 articles met the inclusion criteria. We found that Nd:YAG laser was the most commonly used lasers in the treatment or processing of titanium dental implants. Most of the experiments used cell attachment and cell proliferation to investigate bioresponses of the implants. The most commonly used cells in these assays were osteoblast-like cells. Only one study was conducted in stem cells. These in vitro studies reported higher biocompatibility in laser-modified titanium implants. It seems that laser radiation plays a vital role in cell response to dental implants; however, it is necessary to accomplish more studies using different laser types and parameters on various cells to offer a more conclusive result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hindy
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Evin, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran
| | - Farzam Farahmand
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Sadat Tabatabaei
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Evin, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran. .,Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Winning L, Robinson L, Boyd AR, El Karim IA, Lundy FT, Meenan BJ. Osteoblastic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells on non-stoichiometric calcium phosphate and titanium surfaces. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:1692-1702. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lewis Winning
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast; 97 Lisburn Road Belfast Northern Ireland BT9 7BL United Kingdom
| | - Leanne Robinson
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering; Ulster University; Shore Road, Newtownabbey, Co. Antrim Northern Ireland BT37 0QB United Kingdom
| | - Adrian R. Boyd
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering; Ulster University; Shore Road, Newtownabbey, Co. Antrim Northern Ireland BT37 0QB United Kingdom
| | - Ikhlas A. El Karim
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast; 97 Lisburn Road Belfast Northern Ireland BT9 7BL United Kingdom
| | - Fionnuala T. Lundy
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast; 97 Lisburn Road Belfast Northern Ireland BT9 7BL United Kingdom
| | - Brian J. Meenan
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering; Ulster University; Shore Road, Newtownabbey, Co. Antrim Northern Ireland BT37 0QB United Kingdom
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13
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Lotz EM, Olivares-Navarrete R, Berner S, Boyan BD, Schwartz Z. Osteogenic response of human MSCs and osteoblasts to hydrophilic and hydrophobic nanostructured titanium implant surfaces. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:3137-3148. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ethan M. Lotz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; School of Engineering; Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond Virginia 23284
| | - Rene Olivares-Navarrete
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; School of Engineering; Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond Virginia 23284
| | | | - Barbara D. Boyan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; School of Engineering; Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond Virginia 23284
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia 30332
| | - Zvi Schwartz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; School of Engineering; Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond Virginia 23284
- Department of Periodontics; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; San Antonio Texas 78229
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Huang Q, Elkhooly TA, Liu X, Zhang R, Yang X, Shen Z, Feng Q. Effects of hierarchical micro/nano-topographies on the morphology, proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast-like cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 145:37-45. [PMID: 27137801 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Coating the surfaces of titanium-based implants with appropriate hierarchical micro/nano-topographies resembling the structure of natural bone significantly enhances their biological performance. However, the relationship between nanostructures surfaces and their effects on modulating cellular response is not clearly understood. Moreover, it is not clear whether the surface chemistry or topography is the main factor on modulating cellular behavior, because the commonly used surface modification techniques for titanium-based implants simultaneously modify surface topography and chemistry. The aim of this study is to investigate osteoblast-like cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation on hierarchical micro/nano-topographies with similar surface chemistry but different nano-scale features. Micro-arc oxidation and post hydrothermal treatment were employed to fabricate micro/nano-topographies on titanium. According to the morphological features, they were classified as microcrater (micro-topography), nanoplate (hierarchical topography with nanoplates) and nanoleaf (hierarchical topography with nanoleaves). The response of osteoblast like cells (SaOS-2) was studied on each surface after sputtering with a thin layer of gold (Au) to minimize the influence of surface chemistry. The morphological evaluation after histochemical staining revealed that the adherent cells were polygonal-shaped on microcrater surface, roundish on nanoplate surface and elongated on nanoleaf surface. Additionally, compared to microcrater surface, nanoplate surface slowed down cell proliferation and exhibited no enhancement on cell differentiation. However, nanoleaf surface supported cell proliferation and promoted cell differentiation. The results indicate that tuning morphological features of nanostructures on micro-topography can serve as a promising strategy to specifically modulate cellular response, such as cell morphology, proliferation, differentiation and mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianli Huang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tarek A Elkhooly
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Ceramics, Inorganic Chemical Industries Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Xujie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ranran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhijian Shen
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qingling Feng
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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15
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Abstract
The formation of biofilms on implant surfaces and the subsequent development of medical device-associated infections are difficult to resolve and can cause considerable morbidity to the patient. Over the past decade, there has been growing recognition that physical cues, such as surface topography, can regulate biological responses and possess bactericidal activity. In this study, diamond nanocone-patterned surfaces, representing biomimetic analogs of the naturally bactericidal cicada fly wing, were fabricated using microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition, followed by bias-assisted reactive ion etching. Two structurally distinct nanocone surfaces were produced, characterized, and the bactericidal ability examined. The sharp diamond nanocone features were found to have bactericidal capabilities with the surface possessing the more varying cone dimension, nonuniform array, and decreased density, showing enhanced bactericidal ability over the more uniform, highly dense nanocone surface. Future research will focus on using the fabrication process to tailor surface nanotopographies on clinically relevant materials that promote both effective killing of a broader range of microorganisms and the desired mammalian cell response. This study serves to introduce a technology that may launch a new and innovative direction in the design of biomaterials with capacity to reduce the risk of medical device-associated infections.
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Bsat S, Yavari SA, Munsch M, Valstar ER, Zadpoor AA. Effect of Alkali-Acid-Heat Chemical Surface Treatment on Electron Beam Melted Porous Titanium and Its Apatite Forming Ability. MATERIALS 2015; 8:1612-1625. [PMID: 28788021 PMCID: PMC5507016 DOI: 10.3390/ma8041612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Advanced additive manufacturing techniques such as electron beam melting (EBM), can produce highly porous structures that resemble the mechanical properties and structure of native bone. However, for orthopaedic applications, such as joint prostheses or bone substitution, the surface must also be bio-functionalized to promote bone growth. In the current work, EBM porous Ti6Al4V alloy was exposed to an alkali acid heat (AlAcH) treatment to bio-functionalize the surface of the porous structure. Various molar concentrations (3, 5, 10M) and immersion times (6, 24 h) of the alkali treatment were used to determine optimal parameters. The apatite forming ability of the samples was evaluated using simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion testing. The micro-topography and surface chemistry of AlAcH treated samples were evaluated before and after SBF testing using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The AlAcH treatment successfully modified the topographical and chemical characteristics of EBM porous titanium surface creating nano-topographical features ranging from 200–300 nm in size with a titania layer ideal for apatite formation. After 1 and 3 week immersion in SBF, there was no Ca or P present on the surface of as manufactured porous titanium while both elements were present on all AlAcH treated samples except those exposed to 3M, 6 h alkali treatment. An increase in molar concentration and/or immersion time of alkali treatment resulted in an increase in the number of nano-topographical features per unit area as well as the amount of titania on the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Bsat
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel by Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
- Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Saber Amin Yavari
- Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Maximilian Munsch
- Implantcast GmbH, Lueneburger Schanze 26, D-21614 Buxtehude, Germany.
| | - Edward R Valstar
- Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands.
- Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Amir A Zadpoor
- Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands.
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17
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Wang G, Moya S, Lu Z, Gregurec D, Zreiqat H. Enhancing orthopedic implant bioactivity: refining the nanotopography. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:1327-41. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in nanotechnology open up new possibilities to produce biomimetic surfaces that resemble the cell in vivo growth environment at a nanoscale level. Nanotopographical changes of biomaterials surfaces can positively impact the bioactivity and ossointegration properties of orthopedic and dental implants. This review introduces nanofabrication techniques currently used or those with high potential for use as surface modification of biomedical implants. The interactions of nanotopography with water, proteins and cells are also discussed, as they largely determine the final success of the implants. Due to the well-documented effects of surface chemistry and microtopography on the bioactivity of the implant, we here elaborate on the ability of the nanofabrication techniques to combine the dual (multi) modification of surface chemistry and/or microtopography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocheng Wang
- Soft Matter Nanotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182 C, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Research Center for Human Tissues & Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Sergio Moya
- Soft Matter Nanotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182 C, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - ZuFu Lu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Research Unit, School of AMME, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Danijela Gregurec
- Soft Matter Nanotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182 C, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Hala Zreiqat
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Research Unit, School of AMME, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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18
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Stübinger S, Nuss K, Bürki A, Mosch I, le Sidler M, Meikle ST, von Rechenberg B, Santin M. Osseointegration of titanium implants functionalised with phosphoserine-tethered poly(epsilon-lysine) dendrons: a comparative study with traditional surface treatments in sheep. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2015; 26:87. [PMID: 25644101 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5433-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse the osseointegrative potential of phosphoserine-tethered dendrons when applied as surface functionalisation molecules on titanium implants in a sheep model after 2 and 8 weeks of implantation. Uncoated and dendron-coated implants were implanted in six sheep. Sandblasted and etched (SE) or porous additive manufactured (AM) implants with and without additional dendron functionalisation (SE-PSD; AM-PSD) were placed in the pelvic bone. Three implants per group were examined histologically and six implants were tested biomechanically. After 2 and 8 weeks the bone-to-implant contact (BIC) total values of SE implants (43.7±12.2; 53.3±9.0%) and SE-PSD (46.7±4.5; 61.7±4.9%) as well as AM implants (20.49±5.1; 43.9±9.7%) and AM-PSD implants (19.7±3.5; 48.3±15.6%) showed no statistically significant differences. For SE-PSD and AM-PSD a separate analysis of only the cancellous BIC demonstrated a statistically significant difference after 2 and 8 weeks. Biomechanical findings proved the overall increased stability of the porous implants after 8 weeks. Overall, the great effect of implant macro design on osseointegration was further supported by additional phosphoserine-tethered dendrons for SE and AM implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Stübinger
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Equine Hospital, Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland,
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19
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López-Jornet P, Perrez FP, Calvo-Guirado JL, Ros-Llor I, Ramírez-Fernández P. Metallic ion content and damage to the DNA in oral mucosa cells patients treated dental implants. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2014; 25:1819-1824. [PMID: 24682897 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-014-5203-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the potential genotoxicity of dental implants, evaluating biomarkers of DNA damage (micronuclei and/or nuclear buds), cytokinetic defects (binucleated cells) and the presence of trace metals in gingival cells of patients with implants, comparing these with a control group. A total of 60 healthy adults (30 patients with dental implants and 30 control patients without) were included in the study. Medical and dental histories were made for each including life-style factors. Genotoxicity effects were assessed by micronucleus assays in the gingival epithelial cells of each patient; 1,000 epithelial cells were analyzed, evaluating the frequency of micronucleated cells and other nuclear anomalies. The concentration of metals (Al(27), Ag(107), Co (59), Cr (52), Cu(63), Fe(56), Sn(118), Mn(55), Mo(92), Ni(60), Pb(208), Ti(47)) were assayed by means of coupled plasma-mass spectrophotometry (ICP-MS). The frequency of micronuclei in the patient group with implants was higher than in the control group but without statistically significant differences (P > 0.05). Similar results were found for binucleated cells and nuclear buds (P > 0.05). For metals assayed by ICP-MS, significant differences were found for Ti(47) (P ≤ 0.045). Univariate analysis identified a significant association between the presence of micronuclei and age. Dental implants do not induce DNA damage in gingival cells, the slight effects observed cannot be indicated as biologically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pía López-Jornet
- Oral Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Ageing Research Institute, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain,
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Bariana M, Aw MS, Moore E, Voelcker NH, Losic D. Radiofrequency-triggered release for on-demand delivery of therapeutics from titania nanotube drug-eluting implants. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014; 9:1263-75. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to demonstrate radiofrequency (RF)-triggered release of drugs and drug carriers from drug-eluting implants using gold nanoparticles as energy transducers. Materials & methods: Titanium wire with a titania nanotube layer was used as an implant loaded with indomethacin and micelles (tocopheryl PEG succinate) as a drug and drug carrier model. RF signals were generated from a customized RF generator to trigger in vitro release. Results & discussion: Within 2.5 h, 18 mg (92%) of loaded drug and 14 mg (68%) of loaded drug carriers were released using short RF exposure (5 min), compared with 5 mg (31%) of drug and 2 mg (11%) of drug carriers without a RF trigger. Gold nanoparticles can effectively function as RF energy transducers inside titania nanotubes for rapid release of therapeutics at arbitrary times. Conclusion: The results of this study show that RF is a promising strategy for triggered release from implantable drug delivery systems where on-demand delivery of therapeutics is required. Original submitted 19 November 2012; Revised submitted 1 April 2013
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Bariana
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Moom Sinn Aw
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Eli Moore
- Mawson Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Mawson Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Australia
| | - Dusan Losic
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Engineering North Building, SA 5005, Australia
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21
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Evolving marine biomimetics for regenerative dentistry. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:2877-912. [PMID: 24828293 PMCID: PMC4052322 DOI: 10.3390/md12052877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
New products that help make human tissue and organ regeneration more effective are in high demand and include materials, structures and substrates that drive cell-to-tissue transformations, orchestrate anatomical assembly and tissue integration with biology. Marine organisms are exemplary bioresources that have extensive possibilities in supporting and facilitating development of human tissue substitutes. Such organisms represent a deep and diverse reserve of materials, substrates and structures that can facilitate tissue reconstruction within lab-based cultures. The reason is that they possess sophisticated structures, architectures and biomaterial designs that are still difficult to replicate using synthetic processes, so far. These products offer tantalizing pre-made options that are versatile, adaptable and have many functions for current tissue engineers seeking fresh solutions to the deficiencies in existing dental biomaterials, which lack the intrinsic elements of biofunctioning, structural and mechanical design to regenerate anatomically correct dental tissues both in the culture dish and in vivo.
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Interaction of adult human neural crest-derived stem cells with a nanoporous titanium surface is sufficient to induce their osteogenic differentiation. Stem Cell Res 2014; 13:98-110. [PMID: 24858494 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2014.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteogenic differentiation of various adult stem cell populations such as neural crest-derived stem cells is of great interest in the context of bone regeneration. Ideally, exogenous differentiation should mimic an endogenous differentiation process, which is partly mediated by topological cues. To elucidate the osteoinductive potential of porous substrates with different pore diameters (30 nm, 100 nm), human neural crest-derived stem cells isolated from the inferior nasal turbinate were cultivated on the surface of nanoporous titanium covered membranes without additional chemical or biological osteoinductive cues. As controls, flat titanium without any topological features and osteogenic medium was used. Cultivation of human neural crest-derived stem cells on 30 nm pores resulted in osteogenic differentiation as demonstrated by alkaline phosphatase activity after seven days as well as by calcium deposition after 3 weeks of cultivation. In contrast, cultivation on flat titanium and on membranes equipped with 100 nm pores was not sufficient to induce osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, we demonstrate an increase of osteogenic transcripts including Osterix, Osteocalcin and up-regulation of Integrin β1 and α2 in the 30 nm pore approach only. Thus, transplantation of stem cells pre-cultivated on nanostructured implants might improve the clinical outcome by support of the graft adherence and acceleration of the regeneration process.
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McNamara LE, Turner LA, Alakpa EV, Brydone AS. Research highlights. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laura E McNamara
- Centre for Cell Engineering, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Lesley-Anne Turner
- Centre for Cell Engineering, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Enateri V Alakpa
- Centre for Cell Engineering, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Alistair S Brydone
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, College of Science & Engineering, University of Glasgow, UK
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Elizabeth E, Baranwal G, Krishnan AG, Menon D, Nair M. ZnO nanoparticle incorporated nanostructured metallic titanium for increased mesenchymal stem cell response and antibacterial activity. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:115101. [PMID: 24561517 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/11/115101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent trends in titanium implants are towards the development of nanoscale topographies that mimic the nanoscale properties of bone tissue. Although the nanosurface promotes the integration of osteoblast cells, infection related problems can also occur, leading to implant failure. Therefore it is imperative to reduce bacterial adhesion on an implant surface, either with or without the use of drugs/antibacterial agents. Herein, we have investigated two different aspects of Ti surfaces in inhibiting bacterial adhesion and concurrently promoting mammalian cell adhesion. These include (i) the type of nanoscale topography (Titania nanotube (TNT) and Titania nanoleaf (TNL)) and (ii) the presence of an antibacterial agent like zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnOnp) on Ti nanosurfaces. To address this, periodically arranged TNT (80-120 nm) and non-periodically arranged TNL surfaces were generated by the anodization and hydrothermal techniques respectively, and incorporated with ZnOnp of different concentrations (375 μM, 750 μM, 1.125 mM and 1.5 mM). Interestingly, TNL surfaces decreased the adherence of staphylococcus aureus while increasing the adhesion and viability of human osteosarcoma MG63 cell line and human mesenchymal stem cells, even in the absence of ZnOnp. In contrast, TNT surfaces exhibited an increased bacterial and mammalian cell adhesion. The influence of ZnOnp on these surfaces in altering the bacterial and cell adhesion was found to be concentration dependent, with an optimal range of 375-750 μM. Above 750 μM, although bacterial adhesion was reduced, cellular viability was considerably affected. Thus our study helps us to infer that nanoscale topography by itself or its combination with an optimal concentration of antibacterial ZnOnp would provide a differential cell behavior and thereby a desirable biological response, facilitating the long term success of an implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmy Elizabeth
- Amrita Center for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Science and Research Center Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Cochin, Kerala 682041, India
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25
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Turner LA, J. Dalby M. Nanotopography – potential relevance in the stem cell niche. Biomater Sci 2014; 2:1574-1594. [DOI: 10.1039/c4bm00155a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanotopographical cues observed in vivo (such as in the sinusoid and bone) closely resemble nanotopographies that in vitro have been shown to promote niche relevant stem cells behaviours; specifically, retention of multipotency and osteogenic differentiation on ordered and disordered nano-pits respectively. These and other observations highlight a potential role for nano topography in the stem cell niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley-Anne Turner
- Centre for Cell Engineering
- Institute of Molecular
- Cell and Systems Biology
- College of Medical
- Veterinary and Life Sciences
| | - Matthew J. Dalby
- Centre for Cell Engineering
- Institute of Molecular
- Cell and Systems Biology
- College of Medical
- Veterinary and Life Sciences
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