1
|
Silva HH, Silva MRG, Cerqueira F, Tavares V, Medeiros R. Genomic profile in association with sport-type, sex, ethnicity, psychological traits and sport injuries of elite athletes: review and future perspectives. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 62:418-434. [PMID: 33666074 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12020-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years, some inherited determinants have been associated with elite athletic performance, but its polygenic trait character has limited the correct definition of elite athlete's genomic profile. This qualitative descriptive study aims to summarise the current understanding about genetic and epigenetic factors in elite athletes, as well as their genomic profile in association with sport-type, sex, ethnicity, psychological traits and sport injuries. A narrative review of the literature across a broad cross-section of the elite athletes' genomic profile was undertaken. Elite performance relies on rare gene variants within a great interface between molecular, cellular and behavioural sport-related phenotypes and the environment, which is still poorly understood. ACTN3 rs1815739 and ACE I/D polymorphisms appear to be associated to specific sprint phenotypes and influence the athletic status, i.e., the rs1815739 variant is more influential to 200-m performance and the ACE ID polymorphism is more involved in the longer, 400-m sprint performance. Generally, athletes show endurance-based sports characteristics or power-based sports characteristics, but some studies have reported some genes associations to both sports-based characteristics. Furthermore, genetic studies with larger cohorts of single-sport athletes might be preferable than studies combining athletes of different sports, given the existence of distinct athlete profiles and sport demands. Athletic performance may be influenced by the serotonergic pathway and the potential injury risk (namely stress fracture) might be associated to a genetic predisposition associated to the mechanical loading from the intense physical exercise. The study of gene variants associated to sex and ethnicity-related to athletic performance needs further investigation. The combination of genome-wide association studies addressing the genetic architecture of athletes and the subsequent replication and validation studies might for additional genetic data is mandatory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo-Henrique Silva
- ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal - .,União Desportiva Oliveirense, Senior Rink-Hockey Team, Oliveira de Azeméis, Portugal - .,Portuguese Ministry of Education, Lisbon, Portugal -
| | - Maria-Raquel G Silva
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal.,CIAS-Research Centre for Anthropology and Health - Human Biology, Health and Society, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Comprehensive Health Research Centre-Group of Sleep, Chronobiology and Sleep Disorders-Nova Medical School, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,FP-ENAS Research Unit, UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit, CEBIMED, Biomedical Research Centre, Fernando Pessoa University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Cerqueira
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal.,FP-ENAS Research Unit, UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit, CEBIMED, Biomedical Research Centre, Fernando Pessoa University, Porto, Portugal.,Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Valéria Tavares
- ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,FMUP- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- FP-ENAS Research Unit, UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit, CEBIMED, Biomedical Research Centre, Fernando Pessoa University, Porto, Portugal.,Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Virology Service, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,LPCC, Research Department - Portuguese League Against Cancer (LPPC - NRN), Porto, Portugal.,FMUP- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cardoso JV, Perini JA, Machado DE, Pinto R, Medeiros R. Systematic review of genome-wide association studies on susceptibility to endometriosis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 255:74-82. [PMID: 33113402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a complex and heterogeneous disease in which extrinsic and intrinsic factors, such as genetics, provide to the disease development. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies may be essential to recognize genetic variants associated with the endometriosis risk. However, in the current literature there are some conflicting results between these studies. The aim of the present study was to undertake a systematic review about endometriosis GWA studies, to describe the disease-associated genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to try to understand the endometriosis etiopathogenesis, besides to discuss possible bias of conflicting results among these studies. This study is a systematic review of GWA studies in endometriosis published until December 31th, 2019 by PubMed database, considering the following descriptors: endometriosis and ("polymorphism" or "SNP" or "genetic polymorphism" or "variants" or "locus") and ("GWA" or "Genome-wide" or "Genome wide" or "Genetic association study"). The included studies were analyzed with methodological rigor (STROBE and PRISMA) to enable better quality of case-control and meta-analysis studies, respectively. Of the 88 articles found, only 15 were eligible. All articles had appropriate quality evaluated by STROBE and PRISMA checklists (77% and 81%, respectively). Overall, 35,022 endometriosis cases and 181,760 controls were analyzed. The number of participants in each study was quite different (171 to 17,045 for the cases and 308 to 150,021 for the controls), with a predominance of European ethnicity. Most endometriosis cases (86%) were diagnosed by surgery, while selection of the control group was different among studies. About 47% performed only one stage (discovery stage) and 53% performed both the discovery and replication analyses. Eleven genes/SNPs were associated with endometriosis risk in more than one article (chromosome 1, 2, 6, 7, 9 and 12; WNT4, GREB1, FN1, IL1A, ETAA1, RND3, ID4, NFE2L3, CDKN2B-AS1 and VEZT). SNPs were localized in intergenic and intronic regions, their risk allele frequencies varied among the studies and their results were conflicting. In summary, WNT4 rs7521902, GREB1 rs13394619, FN1 rs1250248, IL1A rs6542095 and VEZT rs10859871 variants are highlighted due to high frequency and pathways and function that each gene influences in the development of endometriosis. However, the replication and validation of these variants in different populations are necessary for a better understanding of the endometriosis etiopathogenesis, in order to optimize the diagnosis and improve the efficiency of clinical treatment of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Vilarinho Cardoso
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University Centre of the West Zone, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Program of Post-graduation in Public Health and Environment, National School of Public Health, Oswald Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jamila Alessandra Perini
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University Centre of the West Zone, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Program of Post-graduation in Public Health and Environment, National School of Public Health, Oswald Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Escorsim Machado
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University Centre of the West Zone, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Pinto
- Molecular Oncology Group-CI, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology Group-CI, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tavares V, Pinto R, Assis J, Pereira D, Medeiros R. Venous thromboembolism GWAS reported genetic makeup and the hallmarks of cancer: Linkage to ovarian tumour behaviour. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1873:188331. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.188331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
4
|
Cruz D, Pinto R, Freitas-Silva M, Nunes JP, Medeiros R. GWAS contribution to atrial fibrillation and atrial fibrillation-related stroke: pathophysiological implications. Pharmacogenomics 2019; 20:765-780. [PMID: 31368859 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2019-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke are included in a group of complex traits that have been approached regarding of their study by susceptibility genetic determinants. Since 2007, several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) aiming to identify genetic variants modulating AF risk have been conducted. Thus, 11 GWAS have identified 26 SNPs (p < 5 × 10-2), of which 19 reached genome-wide significance (p < 5 × 10-8). From those variants, seven were also associated with cardioembolic stroke and three reached genome-wide significance in stroke GWAS. These associations may shed a light on putative shared etiologic mechanisms between AF and cardioembolic stroke. Additionally, some of these identified variants have been incorporated in genetic risk scores in order to elucidate new approaches of stroke prediction, prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Cruz
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group-Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Edifício Laboratórios. 4° piso, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-4072 Porto, Portugal.,FMUP, Faculty of Medicine, Porto University, Alameda Prof Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Pinto
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group-Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Edifício Laboratórios. 4° piso, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-4072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Freitas-Silva
- FMUP, Faculty of Medicine, Porto University, Alameda Prof Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.,Department of Medicine, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Nunes
- FMUP, Faculty of Medicine, Porto University, Alameda Prof Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.,Department of Medicine, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group-Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Edifício Laboratórios. 4° piso, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-4072 Porto, Portugal.,FMUP, Faculty of Medicine, Porto University, Alameda Prof Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.,Research Department, Portuguese League Against Cancer (NRNorte), Estrada Interior da Circunvalação, 6657, 4200-172 Porto, Portugal.,CEBIMED, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, Praça 9 de Abril, 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pinto R, Assis J, Nogueira A, Pereira C, Coelho S, Brandão M, Dias J, Alves S, Pereira D, Medeiros R. Pharmacogenomics in epithelial ovarian cancer first-line treatment outcome: validation of GWAS-associated NRG3 rs1649942 and BRE rs7572644 variants in an independent cohort. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2018; 19:25-32. [PMID: 30287910 DOI: 10.1038/s41397-018-0056-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The identification of predictive biomarkers for the first-line treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains a challenge. Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several genetic polymorphisms as predictors of EOC clinical outcome, the subsequent validation has not yet been performed. This study aims to validate the influence of Neuregulin 3 (NRG3) rs1649942 and Brain and reproductive organ-expressed (TNFRSF1A modulator) (BRE) rs7572644 GWAS-identified variants in an independent cohort of EOC patients from the North region of Portugal (n = 339) submitted to first-line treatment. Polymorphism genotypes were determined by real-time PCR using validated assays. Patients carrying the NRG3 rs1649942 A allele presented a significantly longer overall survival (OS) when compared to GG-genotype patients (log-rank test, P = 0.011) in the FIGO IV stage subgroup. No impact was observed for early-stage patients or considering disease-free survival (DFS) as an outcome. For FIGO I/II stage patients, BRE rs7572644 C allele carriers exhibit a decreased OS (P = 0.014) and DFS (P = 0.032) when compared to TT-homozygous patients. Furthermore, a Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed a three-fold increase in the risk of death (HR, 3.09; P = 0.015) and recurrence (HR, 3.33; P = 0.009) for FIGO I/II C allele carriers. No significant impact was observed for late-stage patients. The BRE rs7572644 and NRG3 rs1649942 genetic variants were validated in an independent cohort of EOC Portuguese patients, particularly in specific subgroups considering FIGO staging. Further functional post-GWAS analyses are indispensable to understand the biological mechanisms underlying the observed results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Pinto
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group-Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS, Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Assis
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group-Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,FMUP, Faculty of Medicine, Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Augusto Nogueira
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group-Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,FMUP, Faculty of Medicine, Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carina Pereira
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group-Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,CINTESIS, Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Coelho
- Oncology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Brandão
- Oncology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Dias
- Oncology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Alves
- Oncology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Deolinda Pereira
- Oncology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group-Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal. .,ICBAS, Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences, Porto, Portugal. .,Research Department, Portuguese League Against Cancer (NRNorte), Porto, Portugal. .,CEBIMED, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hillary RP, Ollila HM, Lin L, Desestret V, Rogemond V, Picard G, Small M, Arnulf I, Dauvilliers Y, Honnorat J, Mignot E. Complex HLA association in paraneoplastic cerebellar ataxia with anti-Yo antibodies. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 315:28-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|