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Céspedes-Garro C, Naranjo MEG, Rodrigues-Soares F, LLerena A, Duconge J, Montané-Jaime LK, Roblejo H, Fariñas H, Campos MDLA, Ramírez R, Serrano V, Villagrán CI, Peñas-LLedó EM. Pharmacogenetic research activity in Central America and the Caribbean: a systematic review. Pharmacogenomics 2016; 17:1707-1724. [PMID: 27633613 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2016-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The present review was aimed at analyzing the pharmacogenetic scientific activity in Central America and the Caribbean. MATERIALS & METHODS A literature search for pharmacogenetic studies in each country of the region was conducted on three databases using a list of the most relevant pharmacogenetic biomarkers including 'phenotyping probe drugs' for major drug metabolizing enzymes. The review included 132 papers involving 47 biomarkers and 35,079 subjects (11,129 healthy volunteers and 23,950 patients). RESULTS The country with the most intensive pharmacogenetic research was Costa Rica. The most studied medical therapeutic area was oncology, and the most investigated biomarkers were CYP2D6 and HLA-A/B. Conclusion: Research activity on pharmacogenetics in Central American and the Caribbean populations is limited or absent. Therefore, strategies to promote effective collaborations, and foster interregional initiatives and research efforts among countries from the region could help for the rational clinical implementation of pharmacogenetics and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Céspedes-Garro
- CICAB Clinical Research Centre, Extremadura University Hospital & Medical School, Badajoz, Spain.,RIBEF Ibero-American Network of Pharmacogenetics & Pharmacogenomics.,Teaching & Research Department, Genetics Section, School of Biology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - María-Eugenia G Naranjo
- CICAB Clinical Research Centre, Extremadura University Hospital & Medical School, Badajoz, Spain.,RIBEF Ibero-American Network of Pharmacogenetics & Pharmacogenomics
| | - Fernanda Rodrigues-Soares
- RIBEF Ibero-American Network of Pharmacogenetics & Pharmacogenomics.,Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Adrián LLerena
- CICAB Clinical Research Centre, Extremadura University Hospital & Medical School, Badajoz, Spain.,RIBEF Ibero-American Network of Pharmacogenetics & Pharmacogenomics
| | - Jorge Duconge
- RIBEF Ibero-American Network of Pharmacogenetics & Pharmacogenomics.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Lazara K Montané-Jaime
- Pharmacology Unit Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad & Tobago
| | - Hilda Roblejo
- RIBEF Ibero-American Network of Pharmacogenetics & Pharmacogenomics.,Teaching & Research Department, National Center of Medical Genetics, Havana, Cuba
| | - Humberto Fariñas
- CICAB Clinical Research Centre, Extremadura University Hospital & Medical School, Badajoz, Spain
| | - María de Los A Campos
- Secretaría Ejecutiva del Consejo de Ministros de Salud de Centroamérica y República Dominicana, Ciudad Merliot, El Salvador
| | - Ronald Ramírez
- RIBEF Ibero-American Network of Pharmacogenetics & Pharmacogenomics.,Facultad de Medicina, UNAN Universidad Autónoma Nacional de Nicaragua, León, Nicaragua
| | - Víctor Serrano
- RIBEF Ibero-American Network of Pharmacogenetics & Pharmacogenomics.,CIIMET Centro de Investigación e Información de Medicamentos y Tóxicos, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá, Panamá
| | - Carmen I Villagrán
- RIBEF Ibero-American Network of Pharmacogenetics & Pharmacogenomics.,Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Dirección de Investigación, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Eva M Peñas-LLedó
- CICAB Clinical Research Centre, Extremadura University Hospital & Medical School, Badajoz, Spain.,RIBEF Ibero-American Network of Pharmacogenetics & Pharmacogenomics
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Functional FLT1 Genetic Variation is a Prognostic Factor for Recurrence in Stage I-III Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2016; 10:1067-75. [PMID: 26134224 DOI: 10.1097/jto.0000000000000549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We propose that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes of the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway of angiogenesis will associate with survival in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. METHODS Fifty-three SNPs in vascular endothelial growth factor-pathway genes were genotyped in 150 European stage I-III NSCLC patients and tested for associations with patient survival. Replication was performed in an independent cohort of 142 European stage I-III patients. Reporter gene assays were used to assess the effects of SNPs on transcriptional activity. RESULTS In the initial cohort, five SNPs associated (q < 0.05) with relapse-free survival (RFS). The minor alleles of intronic FLT1 SNPs, rs7996030 and rs9582036, associated with reduced RFS (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.67 [95% confidence interval, CI, 1.22-2.29] and HR = 1.51 [95% CI, 1.14-2.01], respectively) and reduced transcriptional activity. The minor alleles of intronic KRAS SNPs, rs12813551 and rs10505980, associated with increased RFS (HR = 0.64 [0.46-0.87] and HR = 0.64 [0.47-0.87], respectively), and the minor allelic variant of rs12813551 also reduced transcriptional activity. Lastly, the minor allele of the intronic KRAS SNP rs10842513 associated with reduced RFS (HR = 1.65 [95% CI, 1.16-2.37]). Analysis of the functional variants suggests they are located in transcriptional enhancer elements. The negative effect of rs9582036 on RFS was confirmed in the replication cohort (HR = 1.69 [0.99-2.89], p = 0.028), and the association was significant in pooled analysis of both cohorts (HR = 1.67 [1.21-2.30], p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The functional FLT1 variant rs9582036 is a prognostic determinant of recurrence in stage I-III NSCLC. Its predictive value should be tested in the adjuvant setting of stage I-III NSCLC.
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Wang L, Bao SH, Pan PP, Xia MM, Chen MC, Liang BQ, Dai DP, Cai JP, Hu GX. Effect of CYP2C9 genetic polymorphism on the metabolism of flurbiprofenin vitro. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2014; 41:1363-7. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2014.950274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Patel JN, McLeod HL, Innocenti F. Implications of genome-wide association studies in cancer therapeutics. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2013; 76:370-80. [PMID: 23701381 PMCID: PMC3769665 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome wide association studies (GWAS) provide an agnostic approach to identifying potential genetic variants associated with disease susceptibility, prognosis of survival and/or predictive of drug response. Although these techniques are costly and interpretation of study results is challenging, they do allow for a more unbiased interrogation of the entire genome, resulting in the discovery of novel genes and understanding of novel biological associations. This review will focus on the implications of GWAS in cancer therapy, in particular germ-line mutations, including findings from major GWAS which have identified predictive genetic loci for clinical outcome and/or toxicity. Lessons and challenges in cancer GWAS are also discussed, including the need for functional analysis and replication, as well as future perspectives for biological and clinical utility. Given the large heterogeneity in response to cancer therapeutics, novel methods of identifying mechanisms and biology of variable drug response and ultimately treatment individualization will be indispensable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai N Patel
- UNC Institute for Pharmacogenomics and Individualized Therapy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7361, USA
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Luizon MR, Sandrim VC. Pharmacogenomic approaches that may guide preeclampsia therapy. Pharmacogenomics 2013; 14:591-3. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs.13.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo R Luizon
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14049-900, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Valeria C Sandrim
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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