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Li X, Cao Y. Cost-effectiveness of Arg16Gly in ADRB2 pharmacogenomic-guided treatment for pediatric asthma. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2023; 23:891-899. [PMID: 37256257 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2023.2220966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the cost-effectiveness of Arg16Gly ADRB2 pharmacogenomic testing compared with no Arg16Gly ADRB2 testing to guide the use of long-acting β2 receptor agonist (LABA) in asthma patients aged 1 to 5 years in China. METHODS This economic evaluation developed a Markov model with four health states (no exacerbation, mild exacerbation, moderate-to-severe exacerbation, and death). Transition probabilities were estimated from the rate of exacerbations, the case-fatality rate of patients hospitalized for exacerbations, and natural mortality. Costs included drug costs and exacerbation management costs. Cost inputs and utilities for each health state were gained from public databases and the literatures. Costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were estimated for ten years. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS In the base case analysis, in contrast to the group without the genotype test, the incremental total cost was -¥334.7, and the incremental QALY was 0.001 in the Arg16Gly ADRB2 genotyping group. Therefore, the Arg16Gly ADRB2 test group was the dominant strategy for children with asthma in China. The sensitivity analyses showed that the model was relatively stable. CONCLUSION Arg16Gly ADRB2 testing before using LABA is a cost-effective approach compared with no gene testing for pediatric asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunyun Cao
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
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Pharmacogenomics and Pediatric Asthmatic Medications. JOURNAL OF RESPIRATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jor2010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a respiratory condition often stemming from childhood, characterized by difficulty breathing and/or chest tightness. Current treatment options for both adults and children include beta-2 agonists, inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), and leukotriene modifiers (LTM). Despite recommendations by the Global Initiative for Asthma, a substantial number of patients are unresponsive to treatment and unable to control symptoms. Pharmacogenomics have increasingly become the front line of precision medicine, especially with the recent use of candidate gene and genome- wide association studies (GWAS). Screening patients preemptively could likely decrease adverse events and therapeutic failure. However, research in asthma, specifically in pediatrics, has been low. Although numerous adult trials have evaluated the impact of pharmacogenomics and treatment response, the lack of evidence in children has hindered progress towards clinical application. This review aims to discuss the impact of genetic variability and response to asthmatic medications in the pediatric population.
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Rodriguez-Martinez CE, Sossa-Briceño MP, Castro-Rodriguez JA. Predictors of response to medications for asthma in pediatric patients: A systematic review of the literature. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:1320-1331. [PMID: 32297708 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There has been no systematic review of studies aimed to predict differential responses to medication regimens for asthma controller therapies in pediatric patients. The aim of the present study was to summarize those identifying biomarkers for the different asthma controller therapies. METHODS Studies published by June 2019 that report phenotypic or genotypic characteristics or biomarkers that could potentially serve as response predictors to asthma controller therapies in pediatric patients were included. The quality of studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale tool. RESULTS Of 385 trials identified, 30 studies were included. Children with asthma and a positive family history of asthma, with more severe disease, of the white race, with allergy biomarkers, nonobese, with lower lung function, high bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine, or having variants in the FCER2 and CRHR1 gene respond better to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Younger age (<10 years), short disease duration (<4 years), high cotinine and urinary leukotriene E4 (LTE4) levels, and 5/5 ALOX5 were associated with a better response to leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA). For patients that remain symptomatic, white Hispanics were more likely to respond to LTRA, blacks to ICS, white non-Hispanics to LTRA or LABA, and children without a history of eczema, regardless of race or ethnicity to LABA set-up therapy. In severe persistent asthma, those with atopy and body mass index greater than or equal 25 were more likely to benefit from omalizumab. CONCLUSION Several phenotypic characteristics, biomarkers, or pharmacogenomics markers could be useful for predicting the best drug for asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E Rodriguez-Martinez
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia.,Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Monica P Sossa-Briceño
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jose A Castro-Rodriguez
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Understanding the genetics of asthma and implications for clinical practice. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract 2020; 31:384-387. [PMID: 31290808 DOI: 10.1097/jxx.0000000000000246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common heritable diseases globally, with variable clinical expression and response to treatment that is attributed to underlying genetic differences. Hundreds of loci on multiple chromosomes are associated with asthma. Although routine genetic screening is not recommended, testing for medication responsiveness might soon play a role in clinical management. Pharmacogenetic research remains early stage but has demonstrated potential for both clinical and cost effectiveness. Furthermore, recognition of clinically apparent asthma phenotypes, the result of genetic and environmental interactions, can help to inform treatment decisions. Phenotypes are divided into two broad categories of atopic and nonatopic disease, with further subdivisions that are associated with clinical presentation patterns and responsiveness to treatment. In general, earlier onset and allergic disease will respond well to traditional therapy with inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) and leukotrienes because these medications target inflammatory pathways for allergic disease. However, patients with late-onset, symptom predominant (lacking inflammation), and obese asthma might be resistant to standard therapy and may require treatment modification. These patients are at risk for overuse of ICSs with poor response and may benefit more by use of long-acting beta agonists, long-acting muscarinic agonists, weight reduction, and exercise.
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Obeidat M, Faiz A, Li X, van den Berge M, Hansel NN, Joubert P, Hao K, Brandsma CA, Rafaels N, Mathias R, Ruczinski I, Beaty TH, Barnes KC, Man SFP, Paré PD, Sin DD. The pharmacogenomics of inhaled corticosteroids and lung function decline in COPD. Eur Respir J 2019; 54:13993003.00521-2019. [PMID: 31537701 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00521-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are widely prescribed for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), yet have variable outcomes and adverse reactions, which may be genetically determined. The primary aim of the study was to identify the genetic determinants for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) changes related to ICS therapy.In the Lung Health Study (LHS)-2, 1116 COPD patients were randomised to the ICS triamcinolone acetonide (n=559) or placebo (n=557) with spirometry performed every 6 months for 3 years. We performed a pharmacogenomic genome-wide association study for the genotype-by-ICS treatment effect on 3 years of FEV1 changes (estimated as slope) in 802 genotyped LHS-2 participants. Replication was performed in 199 COPD patients randomised to the ICS, fluticasone or placebo.A total of five loci showed genotype-by-ICS interaction at p<5×10-6; of these, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs111720447 on chromosome 7 was replicated (discovery p=4.8×10-6, replication p=5.9×10-5) with the same direction of interaction effect. ENCODE (Encyclopedia of DNA Elements) data revealed that in glucocorticoid-treated (dexamethasone) A549 alveolar cell line, glucocorticoid receptor binding sites were located near SNP rs111720447. In stratified analyses of LHS-2, genotype at SNP rs111720447 was significantly associated with rate of FEV1 decline in patients taking ICS (C allele β 56.36 mL·year-1, 95% CI 29.96-82.76 mL·year-1) and in patients who were assigned to placebo, although the relationship was weaker and in the opposite direction to that in the ICS group (C allele β -27.57 mL·year-1, 95% CI -53.27- -1.87 mL·year-1).The study uncovered genetic factors associated with FEV1 changes related to ICS in COPD patients, which may provide new insight on the potential biology of steroid responsiveness in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma'en Obeidat
- The University of British Columbia Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alen Faiz
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept of Pulmonology, GRIAC research institute, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xuan Li
- The University of British Columbia Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept of Pulmonology, GRIAC research institute, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nadia N Hansel
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Philippe Joubert
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Ke Hao
- Dept of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Corry-Anke Brandsma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept of Pulmonology, GRIAC research institute, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicholas Rafaels
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rasika Mathias
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ingo Ruczinski
- Dept of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Terri H Beaty
- Dept of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen C Barnes
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - S F Paul Man
- The University of British Columbia Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Peter D Paré
- The University of British Columbia Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Don D Sin
- The University of British Columbia Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Although currently available drugs to treat asthma are effective in most patients, a proportion of patients do not respond or experience side-effects; which is partly genetically determined. Pharmacogenetics is the study of how genetic variations influence drug response. In this review, we summarize prior results and recent studies in pharmacogenetics to determine if we can use genetic profiles for personalized treatment of asthma. RECENT FINDINGS The field of pharmacogenetics has moved from candidate gene studies in single populations toward genome-wide association studies and meta-analysis of multiple studies. New technologies have been used to enrich results, and an expanding number of genetic loci have been associated with therapeutic responses to asthma drugs. Prospective, genotype-stratified treatment studies have been conducted for β2-agonists, showing attenuated response in children carrying the Arg16 variant in the β2-adrenoreceptor gene. SUMMARY Although there has been much progress, many findings have not been replicated and currently known genetic loci only account for a fraction of variability in drug response. More research is necessary to translate into clinical practice. A polygenic predictive approach integrated in complex networks with other 'omics' technologies could aid to achieve this goal. Finally, to change clinical practice, studies that compare precision medicine with traditional medicine are needed.
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Frempong SN, Sutton AJ, Davenport C, Barton P. Economic evaluation of medical tests at the early phases of development: a systematic review of empirical studies. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2018; 18:13-23. [PMID: 29183175 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2018.1411194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is little specific guidance on the implementation of cost-effectiveness modelling at the early stage of test development. The aim of this study was to review the literature in this field to examine the methodologies and tools that have been employed to date. AREAS COVERED A systematic review to identify relevant studies in established literature databases. Five studies were identified and included for narrative synthesis. These studies revealed that there is no consistent approach in this growing field. The perspective of patients and the potential for value of information (VOI) to provide information on the value of future research is often overlooked. Test accuracy is an essential consideration, with most studies having described and included all possible test results in their analysis, and conducted extensive sensitivity analyses on important parameters. Headroom analysis was considered in some instances but at the early development stage (not the concept stage). EXPERT COMMENTARY The techniques available to modellers that can demonstrate the value of conducting further research and product development (i.e. VOI analysis, headroom analysis) should be better utilized. There is the need for concerted efforts to develop rigorous methodology in this growing field to maximize the value and quality of such analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel N Frempong
- a Institute of Applied Health Research , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Andrew J Sutton
- b Faculty of Medicine and Health , Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds , Leeds , UK
- c NHIR Diagnostic Evidence Co-operative Leeds , UK
| | - Clare Davenport
- a Institute of Applied Health Research , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Pelham Barton
- a Institute of Applied Health Research , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
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Wu AC, Gay C, Rett MD, Fuhlbrigge AL. Pharmacogenomic test that predicts response to β 2-agonists in adults with asthma is cost effective. Per Med 2015; 12:574-584. [PMID: 29750604 DOI: 10.2217/pme.15.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacogenomic tests that predict which asthma patients are likely to respond to β2-agonists hold promise to improve care for asthma. OBJECTIVE To identify the clinical and economic circumstances under which a pharmacogenomic test that predicts response to β2-agonists might or might not be an appropriate, cost-effective option. METHODS We synthesized published data on clinical and economic outcomes in adults 18-35 to project 10-year costs, quality-adjusted life years and cost-effectiveness of pharmacogenomic testing for β2-agonist response. RESULTS Pharmacogenomic testing for β2-agonist response conferred a cost-effectiveness ratio of $13,700 per quality-adjusted life year gained compared with no testing. CONCLUSION Pharmacogenomic testing for β2-agonist response in individuals with asthma is potentially cost effective and should be pursued by test developers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Chen Wu
- Center for Child Health Care Studies, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, 133 Brookline Avenue, 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02215-5301, USA.,Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charlene Gay
- Center for Child Health Care Studies, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, 133 Brookline Avenue, 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02215-5301, USA
| | - Melisa D Rett
- Center for Child Health Care Studies, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, 133 Brookline Avenue, 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02215-5301, USA
| | - Anne L Fuhlbrigge
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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