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Wang Y, Tang Z, Teng X. New advances in the treatment of thin endometrium. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1269382. [PMID: 38745960 PMCID: PMC11092375 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1269382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Thin endometrium (TE) is defined as a mid-luteal endometrial thickness ≤7mm. TE can affect endometrial tolerance, leading to lower embryo implantation rates and clinical pregnancy rates, and is also associated with impaired outcomes from assisted reproductive treatment. Herein, we systematically review TE causes, mechanisms, and treatments. TE pathogenesis has multiple causes, with the endometrium becoming thinner with age under hormonal influence. In addition, uterine cavity factors are important, as the inflammatory environment may affect expressions of certain genes thereby inhibiting endometrial stromal cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. Long-term oral contraceptive use or the use of ovulation-promoting drugs are also definite factors contributing to endometrial thinning. Other patients have primary factors, for which the clinical etiology remains unknown. The main therapeutic strategies available for TE are pharmacological (including hormonal and vasoactive drugs), regenerative medicine, intrauterine infusion of growth factor-granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, autologous platelet-rich plasma, and complementary alternative therapies (including traditional Chinese herbal medicine and acupuncture). However, the associated mechanisms of action are currently unclear. Clinical scholars have proposed various approaches to improve treatment outcomes in patients with TE, and are exploring the principles of efficacy, offering potentials for novel treatments. It is hoped that this will improve TE tolerance, increase embryo implantation rates, and help more couples with infertility with effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidi Wang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zunhao Tang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuxiang Teng
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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2
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Liu W, Hao M, Xu Y, Ren X, Hu J, Wang L, Chen X, Lv Q. Exploration of eMSCs with HA-GEL system in repairing damaged endometrium after endometrial cancer with fertility-sparing treatment. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 394:379-392. [PMID: 37759141 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03831-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Despite the high complete response rate of fertility-sparing treatment in early-stage endometrial cancer (EC), the low pregnancy rate is a clinical challenge. Whether endometrium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (eMSCs) can repair damaged endometrium after EC reversal remains unclear. This study explored the potential therapeutic effects of eMSCs with suitable scaffold materials on endometrial damage caused by EC. Here, appropriate engineering scaffold materials were compared to identify the most suitable materials to carry eMSCs. Then, safety and efficacy evaluations of eMSCs with a suitable hyaluronic acid hydrogel (eMSCs/HA-GEL) were investigated in in vivo experiments with subcutaneous xenotransplantation in Balb/C nude mice and a model of endometrial mechanical injury in rats. HA-GEL has minimal cytotoxicity to eMSCs compared to other materials. Then, in vitro experiments demonstrate that eMSCs/HA-GEL enhance the inhibitory effects of progestins on EC cell biological behaviors. eMSCs/HA-GEL significantly inhibit EC cell growth and have no potential safety hazards of spontaneous tumorigenesis in Balb/C nude mouse subcutaneous xenotransplantation assays. eMSCs/HA-GEL intrauterine transplantation effectively increases endometrial thickness and glandular number, improves endometrial blood supply, reduces fibrotic areas, and improves pregnancy rates in a rat endometrial mechanical injury model. GFP-eMSCs/HA-GEL intrauterine transplantation in rats shows more GFP-eMSCs in the endometrium than GFP-eMSCs transplantation alone, and no tumor formation or suspicious cell nodules are found in the liver, kidney, or lung tissues. Our results reveal the safety and efficacy of eMSCs/HA-GEL in animal models and provide preliminary evidence for the use of eMSCs/HA-GEL as a treatment for EC-related endometrial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxin Hao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhui Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Ren
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiali Hu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qiaoying Lv
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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Tikhonova N, Milovanov AP, Aleksankina VV, Kulikov IA, Fokina TV, Aleksankin AP, Belousova TN, Mikhaleva LM, Niziaeva NV. Adipocytes in the Uterine Wall during Experimental Healing and in Cesarean Scars during Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15255. [PMID: 37894936 PMCID: PMC10607476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We have suggested that adipocytes in uterine scars may affect the development of the placenta accrete spectrum (PAS). In the experimental part, we explored adipocytes in the uterine wall by the twelfth sexual cycle after surgery. In the clinical part, we investigated adipocyte clusters in the cesarean scar of pregnant women with and without PAS. The uterine wall was evaluated in gross and histological sections using morphometry, histochemistry (hematoxylin and eosin stain, Mallory stain), and immunohistochemistry for FABP4 (adipocyte markers), CD68, CD163, CD206 (macrophages), CD 34 (endothelium), cytokeratin 8 (epithelium), aSMA (smooth muscle cells). The design included an experimental study on Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 18) after a full-thickness surgical incision on the seventh (n = 6), 30th (n = 6), and 60th day (n = 6). The clinical groups include pregnant women without uterine scars (n = 10), pregnant women with a uterine scar after previous cesarean sections (n = 10), and women with PAS (n = 11). Statistical processing was carried out using nonparametric methods. Comparisons were conducted using the Mann-Whitney U-test and Kruskal-Wallis test. Statistical significance was considered at p < 0.05. On the seventh day, the rat uterine horn was enveloped by adipose tissue, which contained crown-like structures with FABP4+, CD68+, CD206+, and CD163+ cells. FABP4+ cells in the uterine wall were absent by the 30th day. The number of CD206+ and CD163+ cells in the adipose tissue decreased by the 30th day. On the 60th day, the attachment of fat tissue was revealed in the form of single strands. The serous layer around the damaged area totally recovered on the 60th day. FABP4+ cells were not detected in the uterine wall samples from pregnant women without a previous cesarean section. Adipocytes were found in the scar during non-complicated pregnancy and with PAS. Reducing the number of CD68+ cells in adipocyte clusters, there were in myometrium with PAS. Increased CD206+ and CD163+ cells were revealed in uterine adipocyte clusters of the group. According to the experimental finding, adipocytes should be absent in the uterine wall by the 12th sexual cycle after a full-thickness surgical incision. The presence of adipocyte clusters in cesarean scar indicated the disturbance of cell interaction. Differences in the numbers of CD206 and CD163 cells in adipocyte clusters between groups with and without PAS may be indirect evidence that uterine adipocytes affect the development of PAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Tikhonova
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, 119991 Moscow, Russia (T.V.F.); (A.P.A.); (N.V.N.)
| | - Andrey P. Milovanov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, 119991 Moscow, Russia (T.V.F.); (A.P.A.); (N.V.N.)
| | - Valentina V. Aleksankina
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, 119991 Moscow, Russia (T.V.F.); (A.P.A.); (N.V.N.)
| | - Ilyas A. Kulikov
- SBHI of the Moscow Region “Vidnovsky Perinatal Center”, 142700 Moscow, Russia (T.N.B.)
| | - Tatiana V. Fokina
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, 119991 Moscow, Russia (T.V.F.); (A.P.A.); (N.V.N.)
| | - Andrey P. Aleksankin
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, 119991 Moscow, Russia (T.V.F.); (A.P.A.); (N.V.N.)
| | - Tamara N. Belousova
- SBHI of the Moscow Region “Vidnovsky Perinatal Center”, 142700 Moscow, Russia (T.N.B.)
| | - Ludmila M. Mikhaleva
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, 119991 Moscow, Russia (T.V.F.); (A.P.A.); (N.V.N.)
| | - Natalya V. Niziaeva
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, 119991 Moscow, Russia (T.V.F.); (A.P.A.); (N.V.N.)
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Hosoya S, Yokomizo R, Kishigami H, Fujiki Y, Kaneko E, Amita M, Saito T, Kishi H, Sago H, Okamoto A, Umezawa A. Novel therapeutic strategies for injured endometrium: intrauterine transplantation of menstrual blood‑derived cells from infertile patients. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:297. [PMID: 37840125 PMCID: PMC10577920 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03524-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menstrual blood-derived cells show regenerative potential as a mesenchymal stem cell and may therefore be a novel stem cell source of treatment for refractory infertility with injured endometrium. However, there have been few pre-clinical studies using cells from infertile patients, which need to be addressed before establishing an autologous transplantation. Herein, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic capacity of menstrual blood-derived cells from infertile patients on endometrial infertility. METHODS We collected menstrual blood-derived cells from volunteers and infertile patients and confirmed their mesenchymal stem cell phenotype by flow cytometry and induction of tri-lineage differentiation. We compared the proliferative and paracrine capacities of these cells. Furthermore, we also investigated the regenerative potential and safety concerns of the intrauterine transplantation of infertile patient-derived cells using a mouse model with mechanically injured endometrium. RESULTS Menstrual blood-derived cells from both infertile patients and volunteers showed phenotypic characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells. In vitro proliferative and paracrine capacities for wound healing and angiogenesis were equal for both samples. Furthermore, the transplantation of infertile patient-derived cells into uterine horns of the mouse model ameliorated endometrial thickness, prevented fibrosis, and improved fertility outcomes without any apparent complications. CONCLUSIONS In our pre-clinical study, intrauterine transplantation of menstrual blood-derived cells may be a novel and attractive stem cell source for the curative and prophylactic therapy for injured endometrium. Further studies will be warranted for future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Hosoya
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
- Center for Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Ryo Yokomizo
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
- Center for Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Harue Kishigami
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Yukiko Fujiki
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Erika Kaneko
- Division of Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Amita
- Division of Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Takakazu Saito
- Division of Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kishi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Sago
- Center for Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Aikou Okamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Akihiro Umezawa
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development Research Institute, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
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5
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Park SR, Kook MG, Kim SR, Lee JW, Park CH, Oh BC, Jung Y, Hong IS. Development of cell-laden multimodular Lego-like customizable endometrial tissue assembly for successful tissue regeneration. Biomater Res 2023; 27:33. [PMID: 37085887 PMCID: PMC10122345 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00376-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The endometrium, the inner lining of the uterine cavity, plays essential roles in embryo implantation and its subsequent development. Although some positive results were preliminarily archived, the regeneration of damaged endometrial tissues by administrating stem cells only is very challenging due to the lack of specific microenvironments and their low attachment rates at the sites of injury. In this context, various biomaterial-based scaffolds have been used to overcome these limitations by providing simple structural support for cell attachment. However, these scaffold-based strategies also cannot properly reflect patient tissue-specific structural complexity and thus show only limited therapeutic effects. METHOD Therefore, in the present study, we developed a customizable Lego-like multimodular endometrial tissue architecture by assembling individually fabricated tissue blocks. RESULTS Each tissue block was fabricated by incorporating biodegradable biomaterials and certain endometrial constituent cells. Each small tissue block was effectively fabricated by integrating conventional mold casting and 3D printing techniques. The fabricated individual tissue blocks were properly assembled into a larger customized tissue architecture. This structure not only properly mimics the patient-specific multicellular microenvironment of the endometrial tissue but also properly responds to key reproductive hormones in a manner similar to the physiological functions. CONCLUSION This customizable modular tissue assembly allows easy and scalable configuration of a complex patient-specific tissue microenvironment, thus accelerating various tissue regeneration procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Ra Park
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, 7-45 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-ku, Incheon, 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Geun Kook
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, 7-45 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-ku, Incheon, 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Rim Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, 7-45 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-ku, Incheon, 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, 7-45 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-ku, Incheon, 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hum Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Chul Oh
- Department of Physiology, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - YunJae Jung
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Korea
| | - In-Sun Hong
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, 7-45 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-ku, Incheon, 406-840, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Trophic and immunomodulatory effects of adipose tissue derived stem cells in a preclinical murine model of endometriosis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8031. [PMID: 35577867 PMCID: PMC9110373 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11891-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis, which exhibits enigmatic pathological features such as stromal fibrosis and proliferation of ectopic epithelial cells, is known as a refractory disease. Mesenchymal stem cells modulate the fibrosis in stromal tissues through their trophic and immunomodulatory properties. To investigate the potential of stem cells in treating endometriosis, we examined the secondary morphology and molecular alterations in endometriosis-like lesions after the administration of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) to an experimental murine model of endometriosis. The infused ASCs were found integrated in the endometriosis-like lesions. Accompanied by the suppression of stromal fibrosis and proliferation of endometriotic epithelial cells, the infusion of ASCs with stemness potential (early passage of ASCs) suppressed the growth of endometriosis-like lesions and inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines, whereas no significant attenuation of endometriosis-like lesions occurred after the infusion of ASCs without stemness potential (late passage of ASCs). Accordingly, the trophic and immunomodulatory properties of ASCs may regulate fibrosis in endometriosis-like lesions, suggesting that regenerative medicine could be recognized as an innovative treatment for patients with endometriosis through the accumulation of evidence of preclinical efficacy.
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Gharibeh N, Aghebati-Maleki L, Madani J, Pourakbari R, Yousefi M, Ahmadian Heris J. Cell-based therapy in thin endometrium and Asherman syndrome. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:33. [PMID: 35090547 PMCID: PMC8796444 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02698-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous treatment strategies have so far been proposed for treating refractory thin endometrium either without or with the Asherman syndrome. Inconsistency in the improvement of endometrial thickness is a common limitation of such therapies including tamoxifen citrate as an ovulation induction agent, acupuncture, long-term pentoxifylline and tocopherol or tocopherol only, low-dose human chorionic gonadotropin during endometrial preparation, aspirin, luteal gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist supplementation, and extended estrogen therapy. Recently, cell therapy has been proposed as an ideal alternative for endometrium regeneration, including the employment of stem cells, platelet-rich plasma, and growth factors as therapeutic agents. The mechanisms of action of cell therapy include the cytokine induction, growth factor production, natural killer cell activity reduction, Th17 and Th1 decrease, and Treg cell and Th2 increase. Since cell therapy is personalized, dynamic, interactive, and specific and could be an effective strategy. Despite its promising nature, further research is required for improving the procedure and the safety of this strategy. These methods and their results are discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Gharibeh
- Student's Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Javad Madani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ramin Pourakbari
- Student's Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Javad Ahmadian Heris
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Pediatric Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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8
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Lei L, Lv Q, Jin Y, An H, Shi Z, Hu G, Yang Y, Wang X, Yang L. Angiogenic Microspheres for the Treatment of a Thin Endometrium. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:4914-4920. [PMID: 34415138 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The poor vascular development of an endometrium is the key cause of a thin endometrium due to the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) decreasing in the glandular epithelium. Hence, inducing angiogenesis is an effective strategy for thin endometrium treatment in clinic. Herein, we developed a novel angiogenic hydrogel microsphere based on methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HAMA) loaded with VEGF for the treatment of a thin endometrium by a microfluidic electrospray technique. The generated HAMA microspheres with uniform size, porous structure, and satisfactory biocompatibility increased the drug-loading ability and controlled the drug-release rate by adjusting the hydrogel concentration. Besides, the HAMA microspheres loaded with VEGF showed satisfactory biocompatibility and promoted blood vessel formation in vitro. More importantly, the combination of HA and VEGF promoted new blood vessels and endometrial regeneration of a thin endometrium in vivo. Therefore, the combination of HA and VEGF would be conducive to the development of a drug-delivery microsphere with excellent biocompatibility and therapeutic effect for thin endometrium treatment and other biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanjie Lei
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332000, P. R. China
| | - Qizhuang Lv
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, P. R. China
| | - Yan Jin
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Hong An
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Shi
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Ge Hu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Yuze Yang
- Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
| | - Xiangguo Wang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Key Laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332000, P. R. China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
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9
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Yousefzadeh Y, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Hemmatzadeh M, Shomali N, Mahmoodpoor A, Ahmadian Heris J, Yousefi M. Fetomaternal Immune Tolerance: Crucial Mechanisms of Tolerance for Successful Pregnancy in Humans. Immunol Invest 2021; 51:1108-1125. [PMID: 33830854 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2021.1909061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
For many years, the question of how the maternal immune system tolerates the foreign fetus has remained unanswered, and numerous studies have considerably attempted to elucidate underlying mechanisms for fetomaternal tolerance. This review aimed at discussing various significant mechanisms in fetomaternal compatibility. At the fetomaternal interface, in addition to having efficient control against infections, innate and adaptive maternal immune systems selectively prevent fetal rejection. In general, understanding the complex mechanisms of fetomaternal tolerance is critical for immunologic tolerance induction and spontaneous abortion prevention in high-risk populations. Different cells and molecules, such as regulatory T-cells, dendritic cells, decidua cells, IDO, Class I HLA molecules, TGF-β, and IL-10, induce maternal immune tolerance in the fetus in numerous ways. The findings on fetomaternal immune tolerance have remained controversial and require further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Yousefzadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Committee Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Soltani-Zangbar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Navid Shomali
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Ahmadian Heris
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Pediatric Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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