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Valenzuela-Grijalva N, Jiménez-Estrada I, Mariscal-Tovar S, López-García K, Pinelli-Saavedra A, Peña-Ramos EA, Muhlia-Almazán A, Zamorano-García L, Valenzuela-Melendres M, González-Ríos H. Effects of Ferulic Acid Supplementation on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits and Histochemical Characteristics of Muscle Fibers in Finishing Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:2455. [PMID: 34438911 PMCID: PMC8388683 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
FA dietary supplementation on the growth performance, carcass traits and histochemical characteristics of the Longissimus thoracis muscle from finishing pigs was investigated. Four hundred and twenty pigs were used in this study, and 105 animals (with five replicate pens and 21 pigs per pen) were assigned to one of four treatments: basal diet (BD) without additives (C-); BD + 10 ppm ractopamine hydrochloride + 0.97% lysine (C+); BD + 25 ppm of FA (FA); and BD + 25 ppm of FA + 0.97% lysine (FA-Lys). Dietary supplementation with FA or ractopamine increased both the average daily gain (14%) and loin muscle area (19%), while fat deposition decreased by 53%, in comparison with C- (p < 0.05). The growth performance of pigs treated with FA was similar to those of ractopamine (p > 0.05). The histochemical analysis showed that FA and C+ treatments induced a shift in muscle fiber types: from fast fibers to intermediate (alkaline ATPase) and from oxidative to glycolytic fibers. Muscle tissues from animals treated with FA or ractopamine had a lower cross-sectional area and a greater number of muscle fibers per area (p < 0.05). Findings regarding growth performance and carcass traits indicate that FA supplementation at 25 ppm without extra-lysine can replace the use of ractopamine as a growth promoter in finishing pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidia Valenzuela-Grijalva
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C (CIAD, A.C.), Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico; (N.V.-G.); (A.P.-S.); (E.A.P.-R.); (A.M.-A.); (L.Z.-G.); (M.V.-M.)
| | - Ismael Jiménez-Estrada
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07000, Mexico; (I.J.-E.); (S.M.-T.)
| | - Silvia Mariscal-Tovar
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07000, Mexico; (I.J.-E.); (S.M.-T.)
| | - Kenia López-García
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Unidad Periférica Tlaxcala, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Chiautempan 90800, Tlaxcala, Mexico;
| | - Araceli Pinelli-Saavedra
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C (CIAD, A.C.), Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico; (N.V.-G.); (A.P.-S.); (E.A.P.-R.); (A.M.-A.); (L.Z.-G.); (M.V.-M.)
| | - Etna Aida Peña-Ramos
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C (CIAD, A.C.), Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico; (N.V.-G.); (A.P.-S.); (E.A.P.-R.); (A.M.-A.); (L.Z.-G.); (M.V.-M.)
| | - Adriana Muhlia-Almazán
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C (CIAD, A.C.), Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico; (N.V.-G.); (A.P.-S.); (E.A.P.-R.); (A.M.-A.); (L.Z.-G.); (M.V.-M.)
| | - Libertad Zamorano-García
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C (CIAD, A.C.), Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico; (N.V.-G.); (A.P.-S.); (E.A.P.-R.); (A.M.-A.); (L.Z.-G.); (M.V.-M.)
| | - Martín Valenzuela-Melendres
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C (CIAD, A.C.), Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico; (N.V.-G.); (A.P.-S.); (E.A.P.-R.); (A.M.-A.); (L.Z.-G.); (M.V.-M.)
| | - Humberto González-Ríos
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C (CIAD, A.C.), Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico; (N.V.-G.); (A.P.-S.); (E.A.P.-R.); (A.M.-A.); (L.Z.-G.); (M.V.-M.)
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Aroeira CN, Feddern V, Gressler V, Contreras-Castillo CJ, Hopkins DL. A review on growth promoters still allowed in cattle and pig production. Livest Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2021.104464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Webb MJ, Block JJ, Harty AA, Salverson RR, Daly RF, Jaeger JR, Underwood KR, Funston RN, Pendell DP, Rotz CA, Olson KC, Blair AD. Cattle and carcass performance, and life cycle assessment of production systems utilizing additive combinations of growth promotant technologies. Transl Anim Sci 2020; 4:txaa216. [PMID: 33409468 PMCID: PMC7770620 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txaa216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the impact of beef production systems utilizing additive combinations of growth promotant technologies on animal and carcass performance and environmental outcomes. Crossbred steer calves (n =120) were stratified by birth date, birth weight, and dam age and assigned randomly to one of four treatments: 1) no technology (NT; control), 2) antibiotic treated (ANT; NT plus therapeutic antibiotics and monensin and tylosin), 3) implant treated (IMP; ANT plus a series of 3 implants, and 4) beta-agonist treated (BA; IMP plus ractopamine-HCl for the last 30 d prior to harvest). Weaned steers were fed in confinement (dry lot) and finished in an individual feeding system to collect performance data. At harvest, standard carcass measures were collected and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Yield Grade and Quality Grade were determined. Information from the cow-calf, growing, and finishing phases were used to simulate production systems using the USDA Integrated Farm System Model, which included a partial life cycle assessment of cattle production for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, fossil energy use, water use, and reactive N loss. Body weight in suckling, growing, and finishing phases as well as hot carcass weight was greater (P < 0.05) for steers that received implants (IMP and BA) than non-implanted steers (NT and ANT). The average daily gain was greater (P < 0.05) for steers that received implants (IMP and BA) than non-implanted steers during the suckling and finishing phases, but no difference (P = 0.232) was detected during the growing phase. Dry matter intake and gain:feed were greater (P < 0.05) for steers that received implants than non-implanted steers during the finishing phase. Steers that received implants responded (P < 0.05) with a larger loin muscle area, less kidney pelvic and heart fat, advanced carcass maturity, reduced marbling scores, and a greater percentage of carcasses in the lower third of the USDA Choice grade. This was offset by a lower percentage of USDA Prime grading carcasses compared with steers receiving no implants. Treatments did not influence (P > 0.05) USDA Yield grade. The life cycle assessment revealed that IMP and BA treatments reduced GHG emissions, energy use, water use, and reactive nitrogen loss compared to NT and ANT. These data indicate that growth promoting technologies increase carcass yield while concomitantly reducing carcass quality and environmental impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan J Webb
- Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
| | - Janna J Block
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University Hettinger Research Extension Center, Hettinger, ND
| | - Adele A Harty
- Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
| | - Robin R Salverson
- Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
| | - Russell F Daly
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
| | - John R Jaeger
- Kansas Agricultural Research Center-Hays, Kansas State University, Hays, KS
| | - Keith R Underwood
- Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
| | - Rick N Funston
- West Central Research and Extension Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, North Platte, NE
| | - Dustin P Pendell
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
| | - Clarence A Rotz
- Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit, USDA/Agricultural Research Service, University Park, PA
| | - Kenneth C Olson
- Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
| | - Amanda D Blair
- Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
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