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Connor K, Conroy E, White K, Shiels LP, Keek S, Ibrahim A, Gallagher WM, Sweeney KJ, Clerkin J, O'Brien D, Cryan JB, O'Halloran PJ, Heffernan J, Brett F, Lambin P, Woodruff HC, Byrne AT. A clinically relevant computed tomography (CT) radiomics strategy for intracranial rodent brain tumour monitoring. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2720. [PMID: 38302657 PMCID: PMC10834979 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52960-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Here, we establish a CT-radiomics based method for application in invasive, orthotopic rodent brain tumour models. Twenty four NOD/SCID mice were implanted with U87R-Luc2 GBM cells and longitudinally imaged via contrast enhanced (CE-CT) imaging. Pyradiomics was employed to extract CT-radiomic features from the tumour-implanted hemisphere and non-tumour-implanted hemisphere of acquired CT-scans. Inter-correlated features were removed (Spearman correlation > 0.85) and remaining features underwent predictive analysis (recursive feature elimination or Boruta algorithm). An area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve was implemented to evaluate radiomic features for their capacity to predict defined outcomes. Firstly, we identified a subset of radiomic features which distinguish the tumour-implanted hemisphere and non- tumour-implanted hemisphere (i.e, tumour presence from normal tissue). Secondly, we successfully translate preclinical CT-radiomic pipelines to GBM patient CT scans (n = 10), identifying similar trends in tumour-specific feature intensities (E.g. 'glszm Zone Entropy'), thereby suggesting a mouse-to-human species conservation (a conservation of radiomic features across species). Thirdly, comparison of features across timepoints identify features which support preclinical tumour detection earlier than is possible by visual assessment of CT scans. This work establishes robust, preclinical CT-radiomic pipelines and describes the application of CE-CT for in-depth orthotopic brain tumour monitoring. Overall we provide evidence for the role of pre-clinical 'discovery' radiomics in the neuro-oncology space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Connor
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, York Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
- National Pre-Clinical Imaging Centre (NPIC), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emer Conroy
- National Pre-Clinical Imaging Centre (NPIC), Dublin, Ireland
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kieron White
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, York Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
- National Pre-Clinical Imaging Centre (NPIC), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Liam P Shiels
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, York Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
- National Pre-Clinical Imaging Centre (NPIC), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simon Keek
- The D-Lab: Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Abdalla Ibrahim
- The D-Lab: Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - William M Gallagher
- National Pre-Clinical Imaging Centre (NPIC), Dublin, Ireland
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - James Clerkin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David O'Brien
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jane B Cryan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Philip J O'Halloran
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, York Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Francesca Brett
- Department of Neuropathology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Philippe Lambin
- The D-Lab: Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Henry C Woodruff
- The D-Lab: Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annette T Byrne
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, York Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
- National Pre-Clinical Imaging Centre (NPIC), Dublin, Ireland.
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
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Ware TMB, Luwor RB, Zhu HJ. A New Systemic Disease Mouse Model for Glioblastoma Capable of Single-Tumour-Cell Detection. Cells 2024; 13:192. [PMID: 38275817 PMCID: PMC10814551 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma is characterised by extensive infiltration into the brain parenchyma, leading to inevitable tumor recurrence and therapeutic failure. Future treatments will need to target the specific biology of tumour recurrence, but our current understanding of the underlying mechanisms is limited. Significantly, there is a lack of available methods and models that are tailored to the examination of tumour recurrence. METHODS NOD-SCID mice were orthotopically implanted with luciferase-labelled donor U87MG or MU20 glioblastoma cells. Four days later, an unlabelled recipient tumor was implanted on the contralateral side. The mice were euthanised at a humane end-point and tissue and blood samples were collected for ex vivo analyses. RESULTS The ex vivo analyses of the firefly-labelled MU20 tumours displayed extensive invasion at the primary tumour margins, whereas the firefly-labelled U87MG tumours exhibited expansive phenotypes with no evident invasions at the tumour margins. Luciferase signals were detected in the contralateral unlabelled recipient tumours for both the U87MG and MU20 tumours compared to the non-implanted control brain. Remarkably, tumour cells were uniformly detected in all tissue samples of the supratentorial brain region compared to the control tissue, with single tumour cells detected in some tissue samples. Circulating tumour cells were also detected in the blood samples of most of the xenografted mice. Moreover, tumour cells were detected in the lungs of all of the mice, a probable event related to haematogenous dissemination. Similar results were obtained when the U87MG cells were alternatively labelled with gaussian luciferase. CONCLUSIONS These findings describe a systemic disease model for glioblastoma which can be used to investigate recurrence biology and therapeutic efficacy towards recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. B. Ware
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia; (T.M.B.W.); (R.B.L.)
- Huagene Institute, Kecheng Science and Technology Park, Pukou District, Nanjing 211806, China
| | - Rodney B. Luwor
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia; (T.M.B.W.); (R.B.L.)
- Huagene Institute, Kecheng Science and Technology Park, Pukou District, Nanjing 211806, China
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia
- Federation University, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia
| | - Hong-Jian Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia; (T.M.B.W.); (R.B.L.)
- Huagene Institute, Kecheng Science and Technology Park, Pukou District, Nanjing 211806, China
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Yuzhakova D, Kiseleva E, Shirmanova M, Shcheslavskiy V, Sachkova D, Snopova L, Bederina E, Lukina M, Dudenkova V, Yusubalieva G, Belovezhets T, Matvienko D, Baklaushev V. Highly Invasive Fluorescent/Bioluminescent Patient-Derived Orthotopic Model of Glioblastoma in Mice. Front Oncol 2022; 12:897839. [PMID: 35912166 PMCID: PMC9326400 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.897839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of the novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in neuro-oncology requires tumor models that closely reproduce the biological features of patients’ tumors. Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) are recognized as a valuable and the most “close-to-patient” tool for preclinical studies. However, their establishment is complicated by the factors related to both the surgical material and technique of the orthotopic implantation. The aim of this work was to develop a patient-derived glioblastoma multiform (GBM) model that stably co-expresses luciferase and a far-red fluorescent protein for monitoring of tumor progression in the brain and, using this model, to validate new diagnostic methods—macroscopic fluorescence lifetime imaging (macro-FLIM) and cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP OCT). The established model was similar to the original patient’s GBM in terms of histological and immunohistochemical features and possessed reproducible growth in nude mice, which could be observed by both fluorescence and bioluminescence imaging. Our results demonstrated the high potential of macro-FLIM and CP OCT for intraoperative differentiation of GBM from the white matter. Thus, the dual-labeled PDX model of GBM proved to be an excellent approach for observation of tumor development by optical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Yuzhakova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- *Correspondence: Diana Yuzhakova, ; Vladislav Shcheslavskiy,
| | - Elena Kiseleva
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Marina Shirmanova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Vladislav Shcheslavskiy
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- R&D Department, Becker&Hickl GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Diana Yuzhakova, ; Vladislav Shcheslavskiy,
| | - Daria Sachkova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Ludmila Snopova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Evgeniya Bederina
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Maria Lukina
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical and Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Varvara Dudenkova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Gaukhar Yusubalieva
- Biomedical Research Center, Federal Research and Clinical Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Regeneration and Aging, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana Belovezhets
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Daria Matvienko
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Baklaushev
- Biomedical Research Center, Federal Research and Clinical Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Regeneration and Aging, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Moscow, Russia
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Connor K, Murray DW, Jarzabek MA, Tran NL, White K, Dicker P, Sweeney KJ, O’Halloran PJ, MacCarthy B, Shiels LP, Lodi F, Lambrechts D, Sarkaria JN, Schiffelers RM, Symons M, Byrne AT. Targeting the RhoGEF βPIX/COOL-1 in Glioblastoma: Proof of Concept Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123531. [PMID: 33256106 PMCID: PMC7761123 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma (GBM) is an incurable disease with a 14-month average life-expectancy following diagnosis, and clinical management has not improved in four decades. GBM mortality is due to rapid tumour growth and invasion into surrounding normal brain. Invasive cells make complete surgical removal of the tumour impossible, and result in disease relapse. Thus, it is imperative that any new treatment strategy takes these invading cells into consideration. Bevacizumab (Bev), which prevents the formation of new blood vessels, is an FDA approved therapy, but it has failed to increase overall survival in GBM and has even been shown to increase tumour invasion in some cases. Complementary anti-invasive therapies are therefore urgently required to enhance bevacizumab efficacy. We have identified βPIX/COOL-1, a RhoGEF protein which plays an important role in GBM cell invasion and angiogenesis and could be a useful target in this setting. Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM), a highly invasive and vascular malignancy is shown to rapidly develop resistance and evolve to a more invasive phenotype following bevacizumab (Bev) therapy. Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor proteins (RhoGEFs) are mediators of key components in Bev resistance pathways, GBM and Bev-induced invasion. To identify GEFs with enhanced mRNA expression in the leading edge of GBM tumours, a cohort of GEFs was assessed using a clinical dataset. The GEF βPix/COOL-1 was identified, and the functional effect of gene depletion assessed using 3D-boyden chamber, proliferation, and colony formation assays in GBM cells. Anti-angiogenic effects were assessed in endothelial cells using tube formation and wound healing assays. In vivo effects of βPix/COOL-1-siRNA delivered via RGD-Nanoparticle in combination with Bev was studied in an invasive model of GBM. We found that siRNA-mediated knockdown of βPix/COOL-1 in vitro decreased cell invasion, proliferation and increased apoptosis in GBM cell lines. Moreover βPix/COOL-1 mediated endothelial cell migration in vitro. Mice treated with βPix/COOL-1 siRNA-loaded RGD-Nanoparticle and Bev demonstrated a trend towards improved median survival compared with Bev monotherapy. Our hypothesis generating study suggests that the RhoGEF βPix/COOL-1 may represent a target of vulnerability in GBM, in particular to improve Bev efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Connor
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; (K.C.); (D.W.M.); (M.A.J.); (K.W.); (K.J.S.); (P.J.O.); (B.M.); (L.P.S.)
| | - David W. Murray
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; (K.C.); (D.W.M.); (M.A.J.); (K.W.); (K.J.S.); (P.J.O.); (B.M.); (L.P.S.)
| | - Monika A. Jarzabek
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; (K.C.); (D.W.M.); (M.A.J.); (K.W.); (K.J.S.); (P.J.O.); (B.M.); (L.P.S.)
| | - Nhan L. Tran
- Department of Cancer Biology and Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85054, USA;
| | - Kieron White
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; (K.C.); (D.W.M.); (M.A.J.); (K.W.); (K.J.S.); (P.J.O.); (B.M.); (L.P.S.)
| | - Patrick Dicker
- Epidemiology & Public Health, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland;
| | - Kieron J. Sweeney
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; (K.C.); (D.W.M.); (M.A.J.); (K.W.); (K.J.S.); (P.J.O.); (B.M.); (L.P.S.)
- National Neurosurgical Department, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Philip J. O’Halloran
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; (K.C.); (D.W.M.); (M.A.J.); (K.W.); (K.J.S.); (P.J.O.); (B.M.); (L.P.S.)
- National Neurosurgical Department, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Brian MacCarthy
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; (K.C.); (D.W.M.); (M.A.J.); (K.W.); (K.J.S.); (P.J.O.); (B.M.); (L.P.S.)
| | - Liam P. Shiels
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; (K.C.); (D.W.M.); (M.A.J.); (K.W.); (K.J.S.); (P.J.O.); (B.M.); (L.P.S.)
| | - Francesca Lodi
- Center for Cancer Biology, Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; (F.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Center for Cancer Biology, Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; (F.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Jann N. Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Raymond M. Schiffelers
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 100 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Marc Symons
- Department of Oncology & Cell Biology, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research at North Shore-LIJ, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA;
| | - Annette T. Byrne
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; (K.C.); (D.W.M.); (M.A.J.); (K.W.); (K.J.S.); (P.J.O.); (B.M.); (L.P.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-1-402-8673
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Castle J, Kotopoulis S, Forsberg F. Sonoporation for Augmenting Chemotherapy of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2059:191-205. [PMID: 31435922 PMCID: PMC7418147 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9798-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosed in the United States, with more than 53,000 new cases in 2017. It is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in both men and women. Nonetheless, there has been no significant improvement in survival for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients over the past 30+ years. For this reason, there is a considerable and urgent clinical need to develop innovative strategies for effective drug delivery and treatment monitoring, resulting in improved outcomes for patients with PDAC.This chapter describes the development of contrast-enhanced ultrasound image-guided drug delivery (CEUS-IGDD or sonoporation) to be that method and to translate it from the lab to the clinic. The initial clinical focus has been on a Phase I clinical trial for enhancing the effectiveness of standard chemotherapeutics for treatment of inoperable PDAC, which demonstrated a median survival increase from 8.9 months to 17.6 months in ten subjects augmented with sonoporation compared to 63 historical controls (p = 0.011). Recent efforts to optimize this platform and move forward to a larger Phase II clinical trial will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Spiros Kotopoulis
- National Centre for Ultrasound in Gastroenterology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Noonan JJ, Jarzabek M, Lincoln FA, Cavanagh BL, Pariag AR, Juric V, Young LS, Ligon KL, Jahns H, Zheleva D, Prehn JHM, Rehm M, Byrne AT, Murphy BM. Implementing Patient-Derived Xenografts to Assess the Effectiveness of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11122005. [PMID: 31842413 PMCID: PMC6966586 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11122005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor with no available cure. As previously described, seliciclib, a first-generation cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, down-regulates the anti-apoptotic protein, Mcl-1, in GBM, thereby sensitizing GBM cells to the apoptosis-inducing effects of the death receptor ligand, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Here, we have assessed the efficacy of seliciclib when delivered in combination with the antibody against human death receptor 5, drozitumab, in clinically relevant patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of GBM. A reduction in viability and significant levels of apoptosis were observed in vitro in human GBM neurospheres following treatment with seliciclib plus drozitumab. While the co-treatment strategy induced a similar effect in PDX models, the dosing regimen required to observe seliciclib-targeted responses in the brain, resulted in lethal toxicity in 45% of animals. Additional studies showed that the second-generation CDK inhibitor, CYC065, with improved potency in comparison to seliciclib, induced a significant decrease in the size of human GBM neurospheres in vitro and was well tolerated in vivo, upon administration at clinically relevant doses. This study highlights the continued need for robust pre-clinical assessment of promising treatment approaches using clinically relevant models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis J. Noonan
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland; (J.J.N.); (M.J.); (F.A.L.); (A.R.P.); (V.J.); (J.H.M.P.); (A.T.B.)
| | - Monika Jarzabek
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland; (J.J.N.); (M.J.); (F.A.L.); (A.R.P.); (V.J.); (J.H.M.P.); (A.T.B.)
| | - Frank A. Lincoln
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland; (J.J.N.); (M.J.); (F.A.L.); (A.R.P.); (V.J.); (J.H.M.P.); (A.T.B.)
| | - Brenton L. Cavanagh
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging Core, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland;
| | - Arhona R. Pariag
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland; (J.J.N.); (M.J.); (F.A.L.); (A.R.P.); (V.J.); (J.H.M.P.); (A.T.B.)
| | - Viktorija Juric
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland; (J.J.N.); (M.J.); (F.A.L.); (A.R.P.); (V.J.); (J.H.M.P.); (A.T.B.)
| | - Leonie S. Young
- Endocrine Oncology Research Group, Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland;
| | - Keith L. Ligon
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Hanne Jahns
- Pathobiology Section, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, D02 YN77 Dublin 4, Ireland;
| | - Daniella Zheleva
- Cyclacel Ltd., 1 James Lindsay Place, Dundee, Scotland DD1 5JJ, UK;
| | - Jochen H. M. Prehn
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland; (J.J.N.); (M.J.); (F.A.L.); (A.R.P.); (V.J.); (J.H.M.P.); (A.T.B.)
| | - Markus Rehm
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany;
- Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Annette T. Byrne
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland; (J.J.N.); (M.J.); (F.A.L.); (A.R.P.); (V.J.); (J.H.M.P.); (A.T.B.)
| | - Brona M. Murphy
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland; (J.J.N.); (M.J.); (F.A.L.); (A.R.P.); (V.J.); (J.H.M.P.); (A.T.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +35-31-402-2119
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7
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Aktar R, Dietrich A, Tillner F, Kotb S, Löck S, Willers H, Baumann M, Krause M, Bütof R. Pre-clinical imaging for establishment and comparison of orthotopic non-small cell lung carcinoma: in search for models reflecting clinical scenarios. Br J Radiol 2018; 92:20180539. [PMID: 30215546 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20180539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Clinically relevant animal models of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) are required for the validation of novel treatments. We compared two different orthotopic transplantation techniques as well as imaging modalities to identify suitable mouse models mimicking clinical scenarios. METHODS: We used three genomically diverse NSCLC cell lines [National Cancer Institute (NCI)-H1703 adenosquamous cell carcinoma, NCI-H23 adenocarcinoma and A549 adenocarcinoma) for implanting tumour cells either as spheroids or cell suspension into lung parenchyma. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and contrast-enhanced cone beam CT (CBCT) were performed twice weekly to monitor tumour growth. Tumour histological data and microenvironmental parameters were determined. RESULTS: Tumour development after spheroid-based transplantation differs probably due to the integrity of spheroids, as H1703 developed single localised nodules, whereas H23 showed diffuse metastatic spread starting early after transplantation. A549 transplantation as cell suspension with the help of a stereotactic system was associated with initial single localised tumour growth and eventual metastatic spread. Imaging techniques were successfully applied to monitor longitudinal tumour growth: BLI revealed highly sensitive qualitative data, whereas CBCT was associated with less sensitive quantitative data. Histology revealed significant model-dependent heterogeneity in proliferation, hypoxia, perfusion and necrosis. CONCLUSION: Our developed orthotopic NSCLC tumours have similarity with biological growth behaviour comparable to that seen in the clinic and could therefore be used as attractive models to study tumour biology and evaluate new therapeutic strategies. The use of human cancer cell lines facilitates testing of different genomic tumour profiles that may affect treatment outcomes. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: The combination of different imaging modalities to identify tumour growth with subsequent use in treatment planning and orthotopic transplantation techniques to develop initially single lesions to ultimate metastases pave the way towards representative pre-clinical NSCLC models for experimental testing of novel therapeutic options in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozina Aktar
- 1 OncoRay ̶ National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden , Germany.,2 German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,3 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Antje Dietrich
- 1 OncoRay ̶ National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden , Germany.,2 German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,3 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Falk Tillner
- 1 OncoRay ̶ National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden , Germany.,4 Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,5 Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology ̶ OncoRay , Dresden , Germany
| | - Shady Kotb
- 1 OncoRay ̶ National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden , Germany.,2 German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,3 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Steffen Löck
- 1 OncoRay ̶ National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden , Germany.,2 German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,3 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany.,4 Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany
| | - Henning Willers
- 6 Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA
| | - Michael Baumann
- 1 OncoRay ̶ National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden , Germany.,2 German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,3 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany.,4 Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,5 Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology ̶ OncoRay , Dresden , Germany
| | - Mechthild Krause
- 1 OncoRay ̶ National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden , Germany.,2 German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,3 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany.,4 Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,5 Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology ̶ OncoRay , Dresden , Germany.,7 National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, and; Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) , Dresden , Germany
| | - Rebecca Bütof
- 1 OncoRay ̶ National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden , Germany.,3 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany.,4 Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,7 National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, and; Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) , Dresden , Germany
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8
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Orthotopic Xenograft Mouse Model of Cervical Cancer for Studying the Role of MicroRNA-21 in Promoting Lymph Node Metastasis. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2018; 27:1587-1595. [PMID: 28945212 DOI: 10.1097/igc.0000000000001059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the most frequent cause of gynecologic cancer-associated death worldwide. Animal models that demonstrate metastatic patterns consistent with the clinical course of cervical cancer are urgently needed to conduct studies focused on understanding the mechanisms of the disease and identifying optimal treatments. To address this, we established an orthotopic xenograft model of cervical cancer in female NOD-SCID mice using SiHa and ME180 cell lines stably expressing green fluorescent protein to evaluate the role of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in spontaneous lymph node metastasis in vivo. In this case, SiHa and ME180 cells were transduced by lentivirus to stably express green fluorescent protein and miR-21. Overexpression of miR-21 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of SiHa and ME180 cells in vitro. Finally, an orthotopic xenograft model of human cervical cancer was successfully established in NOD-SCID mice. Using this model, we confirmed that overexpression of miR-21 resulted in an increase in the size of primary tumors and in the frequency of spontaneous lymph node metastasis at the time of excision. Therefore, the use of the orthotopic xenograft model should allow for the investigation of novel factors that affect metastasis of cervical cancer and presents an opportunity to evaluate potential therapeutic agents that may inhibit the spread of the disease.
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Besenhard MO, Jarzabek M, O'Farrell AC, Callanan JJ, Prehn JH, Byrne AT, Huber HJ. Modelling tumour cell proliferation from vascular structure using tissue decomposition into avascular elements. J Theor Biol 2016; 402:129-43. [PMID: 27155046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2016.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Computer models allow the mechanistically detailed study of tumour proliferation and its dependency on nutrients. However, the computational study of large vascular tumours requires detailed information on the 3-dimensional vessel network and rather high computation times due to complex geometries. This study puts forward the idea of partitioning vascularised tissue into connected avascular elements that can exchange cells and nutrients between each other. Our method is able to rapidly calculate the evolution of proliferating as well as dead and quiescent cells, and hence a proliferative index, from a given amount and distribution of vascularisation of arbitrary complexity. Applying our model, we found that a heterogeneous vessel distribution provoked a higher proliferative index, suggesting increased malignancy, and increased the amount of dead cells compared to a more static tumour environment when a homogenous vessel distribution was assumed. We subsequently demonstrated that under certain amounts of vascularisation, cell proliferation may even increase when vessel density decreases, followed by a subsequent decrease of proliferation. This effect was due to a trade-off between an increase in compensatory proliferation for replacing dead cells and a decrease of cell population due to lack of oxygen supply in lowly vascularised tumours. Findings were illustrated by an ectopic colorectal cancer mouse xenograft model. Our presented approach can be in the future applied to study the effect of cytostatic, cytotoxic and anti-angiogenic chemotherapy and is ideally suited for translational systems biology, where rapid interaction between theory and experiment is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian O Besenhard
- Centre for Systems Medicine and Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; Research Centre Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE) GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Monika Jarzabek
- Centre for Systems Medicine and Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Alice C O'Farrell
- Centre for Systems Medicine and Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - John J Callanan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, St Kitts, West Indies
| | - Jochen Hm Prehn
- Centre for Systems Medicine and Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Annette T Byrne
- Centre for Systems Medicine and Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; UCD School of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Heinrich J Huber
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Box 911, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Zakaria Z, Tivnan A, Flanagan L, Murray DW, Salvucci M, Stringer BW, Day BW, Boyd AW, Kögel D, Rehm M, O'Brien DF, Byrne AT, Prehn JHM. Patient-derived glioblastoma cells show significant heterogeneity in treatment responses to the inhibitor-of-apoptosis-protein antagonist birinapant. Br J Cancer 2015; 114:188-98. [PMID: 26657652 PMCID: PMC4815807 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Resistance to temozolomide (TMZ) greatly limits chemotherapeutic effectiveness in glioblastoma (GBM). Here we analysed the ability of the Inhibitor-of-apoptosis-protein (IAP) antagonist birinapant to enhance treatment responses to TMZ in both commercially available and patient-derived GBM cells. Methods: Responses to TMZ and birinapant were analysed in a panel of commercial and patient-derived GBM cell lines using colorimetric viability assays, flow cytometry, morphological analysis and protein expression profiling of pro- and antiapoptotic proteins. Responses in vivo were analysed in an orthotopic xenograft GBM model. Results: Single-agent treatment experiments categorised GBM cells into TMZ-sensitive cells, birinapant-sensitive cells, and cells that were insensitive to either treatment. Combination treatment allowed sensitisation to therapy in only a subset of resistant GBM cells. Cell death analysis identified three principal response patterns: Type A cells that readily activated caspase-8 and cell death in response to TMZ while addition of birinapant further sensitised the cells to TMZ-induced cell death; Type B cells that readily activated caspase-8 and cell death in response to birinapant but did not show further sensitisation with TMZ; and Type C cells that showed no significant cell death or moderately enhanced cell death in the combined treatment paradigm. Furthermore, in vivo, a Type C patient-derived cell line that was TMZ-insensitive in vitro and showed a strong sensitivity to TMZ and TMZ plus birinapant treatments. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate remarkable differences in responses of patient-derived GBM cells to birinapant single and combination treatments, and suggest that therapeutic responses in vivo may be greatly affected by the tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zakaria
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,National Centre for Neurosurgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - A Tivnan
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - L Flanagan
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - D W Murray
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - M Salvucci
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - B W Stringer
- Brain Cancer Research Unit, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - B W Day
- Brain Cancer Research Unit, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - A W Boyd
- Brain Cancer Research Unit, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - D Kögel
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Frankfurt University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M Rehm
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - D F O'Brien
- National Centre for Neurosurgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - A T Byrne
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - J H M Prehn
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
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11
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Suliman S, Parajuli H, Sun Y, Johannessen AC, Finne-Wistrand A, McCormack E, Mustafa K, Costea DE. Establishment of a bioluminescence model for microenvironmentally induced oral carcinogenesis with implications for screening bioengineered scaffolds. Head Neck 2015; 38 Suppl 1:E1177-87. [PMID: 26275210 PMCID: PMC5042037 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microenvironmental cues play a major role in head and neck cancer. Biodegradable scaffolds used for bone regeneration might also act as stimulative cues for head and neck cancer. The purpose of this study was to establish an experimental model for precise and noninvasive evaluation of tumorigenic potential of microenvironmental cues in head and neck cancer. Methods Bioluminescence was chosen to image tumor formation. Early neoplastic oral keratinocyte (DOK) cells were luciferase‐transduced (DOKLuc), then tested in nonobese diabetic severe combined immunodeficient IL2rγnull mice either orthotopically (tongue) or subcutaneously for their potential as “screening sensors” for diverse microenvironmental cues. Results Tumors formed after inoculation of DOKLuc were monitored easier by bioluminescence, and bioluminescence was more sensitive in detecting differences between various microenvironmental cues when compared to manual measurements. Development of tumors from DOKLuc grown on scaffolds was also successfully monitored noninvasively by bioluminescence. Conclusion The model presented here is a noninvasive and sensitive model for monitoring the impact of various microenvironmental cues on head and neck cancer in vivo. © 2015 The Authors Head & Neck Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck38: E1177–E1187, 2016
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Suliman
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Centre for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Himalaya Parajuli
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne Christine Johannessen
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anna Finne-Wistrand
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emmet McCormack
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medicine, Haematology Section, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kamal Mustafa
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Centre for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Daniela Elena Costea
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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12
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13
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Nedergaard MK, Michaelsen SR, Urup T, Broholm H, El Ali H, Poulsen HS, Stockhausen MT, Kjaer A, Lassen U. 18F-FET microPET and microMRI for anti-VEGF and anti-PlGF response assessment in an orthotopic murine model of human glioblastoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0115315. [PMID: 25680186 PMCID: PMC4332497 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conflicting data exist for anti-cancer effects of anti-placental growth factor (anti-PlGF) in combination with anti-VEGF. Still, this treatment combination has not been evaluated in intracranial glioblastoma (GBM) xenografts. In clinical studies, position emission tomography (PET) using the radiolabeled amino acid O-(2-18F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (18F-FET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) add complementary but distinct information about glioma growth; however, the value of 18F-FET MicroPET combined with MicroMRI has not been investigated preclinically. Here we examined the use of 18F-FET MicroPET and MicroMRI for evaluation of anti-VEGF and anti-PlGF treatment response in GBM xenografts. METHODS Mice with intracranial GBM were treated with anti-VEGF, anti-PlGF + anti-VEGF or saline. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI), 18F-FET MicroPET and T2-weighted (T2w)-MRI were used to follow tumour development. Primary end-point was survival, and tumours were subsequently analysed for Ki67 proliferation index and micro-vessel density (MVD). Further, PlGF and VEGFR-1 expression were examined in a subset of the xenograft tumours and in 13 GBM patient tumours. RESULTS Anti-VEGF monotherapy increased survival and decreased 18F-FET uptake, BLI and MVD, while no additive effect of anti-PlGF was observed. 18F-FET SUV max tumour-to-brain (T/B) ratio was significantly lower after one week (114 ± 6%, n = 11 vs. 143 ± 8%, n = 13; p = 0.02) and two weeks of treatment (116 ± 12%, n = 8 vs. 190 ± 24%, n = 5; p = 0.02) in the anti-VEGF group as compared with the control group. In contrast, T2w-MRI volume was unaffected by anti-VEGF. Gene expression of PlGF and VEGFR-1 in xenografts was significantly lower than in patient tumours. CONCLUSION 18F-FET PET was feasible for anti-angiogenic response evaluation and superior to T2w-MRI; however, no additive anti-cancer effect of anti-PlGF and anti-VEGF was observed. Thus, this study supports use of 18F-FET PET for response evaluation in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Kjoelhede Nedergaard
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Thomas Urup
- Department of Radiation Biology, The Finsen Center, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helle Broholm
- Department of Neuropathology, Center of Diagnostic Investigation, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik El Ali
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Andreas Kjaer
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Lassen
- Phase 1 Unit, Department of Oncology, The Finsen Center, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kim W, Kang BR, Kim HY, Cho SM, Lee YD, Kim S, Kim JY, Kim DJ, Kim Y. Real-time imaging of glioblastoma using bioluminescence in a U-87 MG xenograft model mouse. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13765-015-0037-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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15
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Transgenic mouse model expressing P53(R172H), luciferase, EGFP, and KRAS(G12D) in a single open reading frame for live imaging of tumor. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8053. [PMID: 25623590 PMCID: PMC4306974 DOI: 10.1038/srep08053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetically engineered mouse cancer models allow tumors to be imaged in vivo via co-expression of a reporter gene with a tumor-initiating gene. However, differential transcriptional and translational regulation between the tumor-initiating gene and the reporter gene can result in inconsistency between the actual tumor size and the size indicated by the imaging assay. To overcome this limitation, we developed a transgenic mouse in which two oncogenes, encoding P53R172H and KRASG12D, are expressed together with two reporter genes, encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and firefly luciferase, in a single open reading frame following Cre-mediated DNA excision. Systemic administration of adenovirus encoding Cre to these mice induced specific transgene expression in the liver. Repeated bioluminescence imaging of the mice revealed a continuous increase in the bioluminescent signal over time. A strong correlation was found between the bioluminescent signal and actual tumor size. Interestingly, all liver tumors induced by P53R172H and KRASG12D in the model were hepatocellular adenomas. The mouse model was also used to trace cell proliferation in the epidermis via live fluorescence imaging. We anticipate that the transgenic mouse model will be useful for imaging tumor development in vivo and for investigating the oncogenic collaboration between P53R172H and KRASG12D.
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Interrogation of gossypol therapy in glioblastoma implementing cell line and patient-derived tumour models. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:2275-86. [PMID: 25375271 PMCID: PMC4264441 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM), being a highly vascularised and locally invasive tumour, is an attractive target for anti-angiogenic and anti-invasive therapies. The GBM/endothelial cell response to gossypol/temozolomide (TMZ) treatment was investigated with a particular aim to assess treatment effects on cancer hallmarks. METHODS Cell viability, endothelial tube formation and GBM tumour cell invasion were variously assessed following combined treatment in vitro. The U87MG-luc2 subcutaneous xenograft model was used to investigate therapeutic response in vivo. Viable tumour response to treatment was interrogated using immunohistochemistry. Combined treatment protocols were also tested in primary GBM patient-derived cultures. RESULTS An endothelial/GBM cell viability inhibitory effect, as well as an anti-angiogenic and anti-invasive response, to combined treatment have been demonstrated in vitro. A significantly greater anti-proliferative (P=0.020, P=0.030), anti-angiogenic (P=0.040, P<0.0001) and pro-apoptotic (P=0.0083, P=0.0149) response was observed when combined treatment was compared with single gossypol/TMZ treatment response, respectively. GBM cell line and patient-specific response to gossypol/TMZ treatment was observed. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that response to a combined gossypol/TMZ treatment is related to inhibition of tumour-associated angiogenesis, invasion and proliferation and warrants further investigation as a novel targeted GBM treatment strategy.
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Influence of handling conditions on the establishment and propagation of head and neck cancer patient derived xenografts. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100995. [PMID: 24967635 PMCID: PMC4072729 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient derived xenografts (PDXs) for head and neck cancer (HNC) and other cancers represent powerful research platforms. Most groups implant patient tissue into immunodeficient mice immediately although the significance of this time interval is anecdotal. We tested the hypothesis that the time from tumor excision to implantation is crucial for PDX passaging and establishment. METHODS We examined whether time or storage medium affected PDX viability for passaging two established HNC PDXs (UW-SCC34, UW-SCC52). Tumors were harvested, stored in ice-cold media or saline for 0-48 hours, and implanted into new mice. Tumor growth was compared by two-way ANOVA with respect to time and storage condition. Three new HNC PDXs (UW-SCC63-65) were generated by implanting patient tissue into mice immediately (Time 0) and 24 hours after receiving tissue from the operating room. RESULTS Similar quantities of tumor were implanted into each mouse. At the end of the experiment, no significant difference was seen in mean tumor weight between the media and saline storage conditions for UW-SCC34 or UW-SCC52 (p = 0.650 and p = 0.177, respectively). No difference in tumor formation prevalence was seen on the basis of time from harvest to implantation (≥13 of 16 tumors grew at every time point). Histological analysis showed strong similarity to the initial tumor across all groups. Tumors developed at both Time 0 and 24 hours for UW-SCC63 and UW-SCC64. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that neither storage medium nor time from tumor excision to implantation (up to 48 hours) affected viability or histological differentiation in a subsequent passage for two HNC PDXs. Moreover, we revealed that fresh patient tissue is viable up to 24 hours post-resection. This information is important as it applies to the development and sharing of PDXs.
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First in-mouse development and application of a surgically relevant xenograft model of ovarian carcinoma. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89527. [PMID: 24594904 PMCID: PMC3942384 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Preclinical models of epithelial ovarian cancer have not been exploited to evaluate the clinical standard combination therapy of surgical debulking with follow-up chemotherapy. As surgery is critical to patient survival, here we establish a combined surgical/chemotherapy xenograft model of epithelial ovarian cancer and demonstrate its translational relevance. Experimental Design SKOV-3luc+ ovary cancer cells were injected topically into the ovaries of immunodeficient mice. Disease development and effect of clinical standard treatment including hysterectomy, bilateral salpingoophorectomy and removal of metastasis with follow up chemotherapy (carboplatin 12 mg/kg + paclitaxel 15 mg/kg) was evaluated by clinical parameters. Tumor burden was quantified by bioluminescence imaging (BLI). Results The xenograft ovarian tumors developed were poorly differentiated and multicystic and the disease disseminated into the peritoneal cavity. When compared to the controls with a mean survival time of 4.9 weeks, mice treated with surgery and chemotherapy, surgery or chemotherapy demonstrated significantly improved mean survival of 16.1 weeks (p = 0.0008), 12.7 weeks (p = 0.0008), or 10.4 weeks (p = 0.008), respectively. Conclusion Combined surgical intervention and adjuvant chemotherapy was demonstrated for the first time in an orthotopic xenograft model of ovarian cancer. Similar to observation in human studies the combined approach resulted in the longest medial survival time, advocating application of this strategy in future preclinical therapeutic development for this disease.
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Herter-Sprie GS, Kung AL, Wong KK. New cast for a new era: preclinical cancer drug development revisited. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:3639-45. [PMID: 23999436 DOI: 10.1172/jci68340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly targeted agents promise to revolutionize therapeutics by reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer. However, despite an urgent need for more effective anticancer compounds, current preclinical drug evaluations largely fail to satisfy the demand. New preclinical strategies, including the improvement of sophisticated mouse models and co-clinical study designs, are being used to augment the predictive value of animal-based translational cancer research. Here, we review the development of successful preclinical antineoplastic agents, their associated limitations, and alternative methods to predict clinical outcomes.
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